Abstract: A training simulator for the full-scope real-time dynamic operation of a nuclear power plant utilizes apparatus that includes control consoles having manual and automatic devices for operating simulated plant components and indicating devices for monitoring physical values in the simulated plant. A general purpose digital computer configuration is connected to the control consoles to accept input data indicative of the operated condition of the console control devices and perform dynamic real-time simulation calculations for providing output data to the monitoring devices. An instructor's console, which has control and indicating devices, is connected to the computer configuration to perform functions that include initializing and "replaying" selected operational states of the simulated plant. The majority of the control components of the simulated plant, such as valves, pumps and controllers, are simulated separately from the simulated system they control.

Abstract: A portable meter-billing machine, for issuing bills to the customers of public utilities such as town gas and electricity which are supplied to the consumers through meters at the consumer's premises, comprises a portable carrying case for the official meter reader to carry to successive premises, the case being provided with a keyboard for entering the new meter reading at the premises of each successive consumer and housing a data memory storing the previous meter-readings of the respective consumers, a program memory storing a billing program and tariff data, a microprocessor and a bill printer controlled by the microprocessor in accordance with the billing program. The machine is responsive to a new meter reading for a consumer being entered on the keyboard to prepare billing data from the previous meter reading stored for that consumer and the stored billing program and tariff data and to print a corresponding bill for that consumer.

Abstract: A precision vector network analyzer which is suitable for a wide range of applications including both laboratory and automated production measurements and testing is disclosed. New measurement capabilities, greater ease of use, and nearly complete automation are provided. Contributions include fully coordinated communications between subsystem modules; real time, two channel, precision vector measurements with complete, internal error correction; wide frequency capability from RF to millimeter bands; combined time and frequency domain analysis and display; measurements either in the swept or step frequency modes; and user definable test functions and calibration device sets.

Abstract: A position detecting apparatus has a matrix-like arrangement constituted by a plurality of substantially parallel X-direction magnetrostrictive line bundles, each of the bundles having at least one magnetostrictive transmission medium element, and a plurality of substantially parallel Y-direction magnetostrictive line bundles, each of the bundles having at least one magnetostrictive transmission medium element, the Y-direction magnetostrictive line bundles crossing the X-direction magnetrostrictive line bundles substantially at a right angle. First coils are wound commonly around one end of the X-direction magnetostrictive line bundles and Y-direction magnetostrictive line bundles, respectively. Second coils have portions wound around the X-direction magnetostrictive line bundles over a large length thereof and the portions wound around the Y-direction magnetostrictive line bundles over a large length thereof.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of and and apparatus for continuously generating desired pulses during assumed successive desired pulse intervals with a very high time resolution by digitally predetermining the time values related to the start of the desired pulse intervals. These time values are divided into coarse and fine time rasters and coarse pulse intervals are generated from the assumed desired pulse intervals. The coarse pulses in the coarse time raster are generated from the desired pulses and each coarse pulse start and coarse pulse end, respectively is associated with a coarse pulse correction value. By adding the coarse pulse interval correction value to the coarse pulse correction value for the start and the end of the coarse pulse, respectively, a sum correction value is obtained and divided into a partial value associated with the fine time raster. The partial value of the sum correction value is used as a control value for a selected time delay for the coarse pulse edge shifted.

Abstract: Disclosed is a high speed memory system having a parallel architecture which is particularly advantageous in controlling a multiline raster scanned display. Data for a plurality of scan lines is processed in parallel, and pixel data for each of a plurality of scan lines is stored in a plurality of memory segments which can be accessed in parallel. Latch means is provided with each memory segment for latching pixel data for scan line control in order to allow continued manipulation of data stored in the memory segment while scan line data is extracted. A plurality of scan line processors are connected to a common bus which provides transformed data of primitives in display coordinates. Each scan line processor controls data for a plurality of scan lines, and a plurality of memory segments are connected with each scan line processor for storing and manipulating pixel data for the plurality of scan lines.

Abstract: A circuit and method for a display controller especially adapted for display memories organized in arrays. The invention permits high speed modification of the contents of a display by generating the address signals of a selected linear pattern as the data block to be modified is retrieved from the display memory. For vectors, the addresses are generated in the same time as required for data block retrieval. The invention also permits calculation of the addresses of simple curves as the data block to be modified is retrieved, though calculation times typically are longer than for vectors. Modified Breshenham's algorithm is used for the address calculation.

Abstract: An aircraft gyro simulator is operable in a dynamic mode to produce simulated pitch, roll and azimuth signals as a function of control wheel commands, flight control system commands, control surface status and the stored equations of flight for the aircraft under test. In its manual mode, the simulator responds to manual control commands to individually vary pitch, roll or azimuth, thereby testing aircraft systems response. In addition, multiple channels of tracking gyro signals may be produced, with each channel having a manually controlled offset of one or more gyro signals to test aircraft employing multiple autopilot systems.

Abstract: A method for high-precision imaging of electrical barrier layers (pn-junctions) in semiconductors by means of processing particle beam induced signals created during scanning with a corpuscular microscope, even when the electrical barrier layers are aligned perpendicularly or obliquely relative to a specimen surface. The path of the pn-junctions in cross-sections through semiconductor components may be identified with a high reliability such as within 0.1 .mu.m. Specific point (P(x,y), P(x+.DELTA.x, y+.DELTA.y), M(x,y), N(x,y), F(x,y)) is defined and particle beam induced signals generated along a scan line containing this specific point is compared with reference to particle beam induced signals generated along a further scanning line containing a point within a certain environment of the specific point first chosen with the comparison results being used to localize the electric barrier region profile.

Abstract: A precision vector network analyzer which is suitable for a wide range of applications including both laboratory and automated production measurements and testing is disclosed. New measurement capabilities, greater ease of use, and nearly complete automation are provided. Contributions include fully coordinated communications between subsystem modules; real time, two channel, precision vector measurements with complete, internal error correction; wide frequency capability from RF to millimeter bands; combined time and frequency domain analysis and display; measurements either in the swept or step frequency modes; and user definable test functions and calibration device sets.

Abstract: A reliability analyzing system for manufacturing processes is disclosed, which comprises a computer system provided with a data memory device, a central processing device and input/output devices, terminals which input/output information into/from said computer system, and output devices for manufacturing sites; whereby said data memory device stores required specifications for each product, works for manufacturing and controlling processes, information relating to items, such as required specifications, works, control items, etc. and information mutually relating different items, and on the basis of the stored information, reliability analysis for each process is effected for all the processes and reliability analysis for each required specification is performed for all the required specifications.

Abstract: Proven data base is generated for electrical test responses of sporadic defects in integrated circuits as manufactured. Manufactured circuits are subjected to that electrical testing and resulting responses used to identify defect and check the manufacture to avoid its repetition.

Abstract: A sampling digitizer system which may be expanded for the dynamic testing of high speed data conversion components is provided. The system includes latching comparators which are supplied with the waveform under test and the comparator digital output is integrated by an operational amplifier integrator and fed back to the reference input of the latching comparator to form a comparator-integrator loop. A circuit provides strobe pulses which repeatedly sample the latch enable input of the comparators at a selected time/point until the integrator feedback forces the comparator reference input to be equal to the sample value of the input signal. At this point, an equilibrium state is reached where the integrator output oscillates about the sampled value, and when the loop settles, an analog-to-digital converter reads the final value under computer command. The sample point is computer controlled through a programmable delay line.

Abstract: A process for use of a low-cost personal computer to display video images which provide the effect of animation in synchronization with an audio program, such as voice or environmental sounds, originating independently of the computer. The computer is provided with a data base including intervals between recorded cue tones preceding the audio program, and intervals between video events to be synchronized with the audio program, all such original intervals corresponding to the original recording transport speed of the audio program. While consumer audio playback devices operate at a stable playback transport speed, it is seldom precisely the same as the original recording speed. During playback, the viewer indicates playback intervals between cue tones, for instance by tapping a key of the computer keyboard whenever a cue tone is played.

Abstract: While characters are being displayed on a graphic display device according to commands from a computer, the light emitting intensity of a desired pixel is controlled by outputting only commands related to the light emitting intensity control from said computer. This is done by providing, associated with the graphic display device, for memorizing a group of numerical values corresponding to desired changes of light emitting intensity of a desired pixel belonging to a character or a graphic display displayed on the graphic display device, or by providing for obtaining numerical values corrsponding to the light emitting intensity changes. A device for practicing this method is also disclosed.

Abstract: A system for monitoring data signals representing a number of parameters of a plant or apparatus, periodically superimposes test signals on to some of the data signals so as to produce combined signals representing unacceptable states of the parameters. The selection of the data signals on which the test signals are superimposed is changed at each periodic examination in a predetermined sequence, so that a pattern of acceptable and unacceptable signals is produced as an output to be compared with a reference pattern.

Abstract: A postage value determining scale includes a scale for determining the weight of an item to be mailed, a system processor for determining the applicable postage value and a display for displaying a breakdown of such postage value, all inter-connected by a common data bus. Another embodiment of the disclosed invention further includes a keyboard having a keyset limited to numeric keys and function keys for entering additional information such as class of service, destination, etc. into the system processor to be used by the system processor in determining the applicable postage value; the system processor transmitting such information to the display. Preferably, the display includes a display processor, a display device operatively connected to the display processor for displaying alphanumeric information and a memory operatively connected to the display processor.

Abstract: Describes a method and system for improving the ability to quantitate the amount of flux or material in localized collections of such flux or material typically called a "spot". Quantitation of spots using a software algorithm which utilizes reduction volumes for quantitating peaks in a spot image of an electrophoresis gel is disclosed. The operating system includes a laser gel scanner module, a computer module, system peripherals, and analysis software.

Abstract: In the fabrication of an electronic circuit such as an integrated circuit, a method of determining the arrangement of logic circuit devices on a circuit board on the basis of a logic data defining the logic circuit devices and the interconnections among them. The logic circuit devices are classified in groups in accordance with a degree that each signal line connected with the logic circuit devices requires the expedition of signal propagation therethrough. First, the logic circuit devices belonging to the group pertinent to the highest degree are arranged, and next those belonging to the group pertinent to the second highest degree are arranged. Such a processing is carried out for all the groups.

Abstract: In combination with a postage meter which includes a plurality of loads, a source of supply of motive power for driving the respective loads and instrumentalities for selectively coupling the source of motive power to the respective loads, there is provided an improvement which comprises: the motive power source including a d.c.