Abstract: A gap compensated torque sensing system and methods for using the same are provided. The system can include a sensor head in communication with a controller. The sensor head can contain a torque sensor and a proximity sensor coupled to the sensor head. The torque and proximity sensors can each sense magnetic fluxes passing through the target and a gap between the sensor head and the target. The controller can estimate torque applied to the target from magnetic fluxes sensed by the torque sensor. The controller can determine an improved gap measurement that is independent of electromagnetic properties of the target from magnetic fluxes sensed by the torque and proximity sensors. The estimated torque can be modified by the improved gap measurement to compensate for changes in magnetic properties of the target due to variations in the gap. In this manner, the accuracy of the torque measurements can be increased.

Abstract: A gap compensated torque sensing system and methods for using the same are provided. The system can include a sensor head in communication with a controller. The sensor head can contain a torque sensor and a proximity sensor coupled to the sensor head. The torque and proximity sensors can each sense magnetic fluxes passing through the target and a gap between the sensor head and the target. The controller can estimate torque applied to the target from magnetic fluxes sensed by the torque sensor. The controller can determine an improved gap measurement that is independent of electromagnetic properties of the target from magnetic fluxes sensed by the torque and proximity sensors. The estimated torque can be modified by the improved gap measurement to compensate for changes in magnetic properties of the target due to variations in the gap. In this manner, the accuracy of the torque measurements can be increased.

Abstract: A force detector includes a first base, a second base, and a sensor therebetween. The sensor includes a side wall having a terminal, a sensor plate connected to one end of the side wall, a lid connected to the other end of the side wall to configure an inner space, a charge output element in the inner space, and a conductor electrically connecting the charge output element to the terminal. The sensor plate is between the first base and the charge output element. The lid is between the second base and the charge output element. An elastic modulus of the sensor plate is lower than that of the side wall. The charge output element includes crystal. The sensor plate includes a metal selected from stainless steel, Kovar, copper, iron, carbon steel, and titanium.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and a device for testing a defect based on an ultrasonic Lamb wave tomography. The method includes: partitioning an imaging area of a material to be tested into grids; exciting electromagnetic acoustic transducers for emitting to emit Lamb waves with a A0 mode in all directions, and electromagnetic acoustic transducers for receiving to receive the Lamb waves; obtaining a time-frequency analysis result and recording time-of-flights of testing waves; determining a first slowness of each grid to obtain a first defect area; establishing an extrapolation formula according to the first defect area, and iterating the extrapolation formula to trace and revise paths of the Lamb waves until a better imaging precision is obtained.

Abstract: A track bolt for an undercarriage system includes a head portion. The track bolt also includes a body portion extending from the head portion. The track bolt further includes a piezo ceramic sensor mounted in a counter bore provided in the track bolt. The piezo ceramic sensor measures a value of track bolt elongation such that the value of the track bolt elongation is used to calculate a clamping force in the track bolt. The track bolt includes a plug member disposed in the counter bore for sealing the piezo ceramic sensor.

Abstract: An article of footwear or an article of apparel can include provisions for facilitating the use of a sensor device and protecting the sensor device from external particles or fluid. The sensor device can include a conduit for moving air through the sensor device from one portion of the sensor device to another portion of the sensor device. An elastic membrane can be attached to an opening formed in the sensor device. The elastic membrane can deform in response to changes in air pressure within the sensor device.

Abstract: A multipoint-measurement strain sensor which is free of a conduction failure originated from slippage at the time of lamination and which can reduce the material cost, and a method for producing the multipoint-measurement strain sensor are provided. A multipoint-measurement strain sensor 31 of the present invention includes a substrate film 34, a plurality of strain-sensing parts 33 formed on a first main surface 34a of the substrate film 34, routing circuits 37, 38 formed, in correspondence with the respective strain-sensing parts 33, on a second main surface 34b of the substrate film 34, and having outer connection terminals 37b, 38b near an outer edge of the substrate film 34, and a conductive paste 41, 42 to fill via holes 39, 40 such that each of the strain-sensing parts 33 is connected to the corresponding routing circuit 37, 38.

Abstract: A system for automating load conditions on a test specimen includes a test equipment assembly that includes one or more test components configured to apply load to the test specimen. The system includes a control system to actuate the load, and includes a controller that receives and transmits data to sensors and actuators operatively connected to the test equipment assembly. The system includes a data analyzer connected to the control system to transmit a loading sequence to the controller for actuating the test equipment assembly. The data analyzer receives and processes the data from the controller to determine whether the test specimen is within an acceptable stress range as the test equipment assembly performs the loading sequence, and transmits data to the controller to reduce the load on the test specimen if the acceptable stress range is exceeded.

Abstract: A power meter for a bicycle includes a body having a torque input section and a torque output section, the body configured to transmit power between the torque input section and the torque output section. The power meter also includes a printed circuit board (“PCB”) having a substrate and at least one strain measurement device which may be attached to the PCB.

Abstract: A sensor arrangement for indirect detection of a torque of a rotatably mounted shaft includes a sensor with at least one sensor element arranged in the surroundings of a bearing of the shaft. The bearing is linked to a supporting structure. The sensor element is configured to detect a proportion of a bearing force acting in a predetermined direction. The torque of the shaft is configured to be calculated from the acting proportion of the bearing force. The sensor has at least one sensor body with an outer contour that supports a corresponding sensor element and is pressed into a receiving hole. The sensor element has a predetermined distance and a predetermined angle to the bearing.

Abstract: A sensor arrangement includes at least one sensor (7) as well as a housing (1) constructed of at least two plastic injection molded parts (2, 3), and a sensor electronics which are located on the circuit board (5) and which is secured by this housing. At least one absorption body (4) is provided within the housing (1) and is designed as a plastic injection molded part and serves for absorbing fluid which could get into the housing by diffusion.

Abstract: A pressing force sensor that includes a sensor element configured with a piezoelectric film, a lead terminal for connection to an external circuit, a wiring conductor which connects pressing force detection electrodes and the lead terminal, and a flexible printed circuit board which withstands solder reflow temperatures. The flexible printed circuit board has the pressing force detection electrodes formed on a first principal surface thereof, and is folded via a folding line while the first principal surface faces inward. The sensor element is deflected by a pressing force applied to a second principal surface which faces outward and is in a first area of the flexible printed circuit board which is on one side with respect to the folding line, and a signal corresponding to the pressing force is thus taken out from the pressing force detection electrodes.

Abstract: The invention deals with a measuring apparatus (1) comprising a body (11) with an interior (114) and an opening for accessing the interior (114) from outside the body (11), a rigid plunger (12) having an edge (1212) being identically shaped as an edge of a opening of a target vial, and a force sensor (13). The rigid plunger (12) extends though the opening of the body (11) into the interior (114) of the body (11). The edge (1212) of the rigid plunger (12) is arranged outside the body (11). The force sensor (13) is arranged in the interior (114) of the body (11). The rigid plunger (12) is movable relative to the body (11) and is coupled to the force sensor (13). The apparatus (1) can be used for measuring a force acting on the edge of the opening of the target vial for optimizing the adjustment of a vial closure facility.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a flexible structure (6) comprising a strain gauge (7) that is elongate along a longitudinal axis X1, and intended to measure the deformation of the flexible structure in a direction X parallel to the axis X1, the strain-gauge support (71) being bonded to the flexible structure only via the lateral ends (75, 76) thereof. One particularly targeted application is the bonding of strain tool gauges to the packaging of a flexible lithium battery, such as an Li-ion battery.

Abstract: A handheld constant-stiffness ring shear apparatus has a base and an annular rigid frame arranged on the base in a sleeved mode. An upper cover is buckled to the top of the rigid frame, a pressure transmission plate is fixed to the upper portion of the upper cover, and a rotary shaft is perpendicularly arranged in the center of the base. The rotary shaft penetrates through the pressure transmission plate and is fixed to the pressure transmission plate. A spanner is fixed to the top end of the rotary shaft, and a digital display instrument is embedded in the spanner. The handheld constant-stiffness ring shear apparatus is convenient to carry, easy to operate, economical and practical, and can be used for measuring the volume chance of a soil sample at a field location under the constant-stiffness condition in the shear force resisting and shearing process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a torque-measurement device for a turbine engine shaft (1) including a proof body (7) capable of being mounted on the shaft, characterized in that the proof body (7) forms a mounting for at least one acoustic-wave strain gauge (20) and is magnetized such as to allow the torque to be measured by magnetostrictive effect.

Abstract: A sensor apparatus including a flexible substrate and a wrinkled conductor disposed on the flexible substrate. In some embodiments, the conductor includes micro-scale invaginations. Also disclosed are methods of making a sensor apparatus, including: placing a mask over a polymeric sheet, wherein the mask is configured to block regions of the polymeric sheet, depositing a conductive structure on the polymeric sheet at regions exposed through the mask, shrinking the polymeric sheet with conductive structure patterned on its surface by heating, and transferring the conductive structure to a flexible substrate. Also disclosed are methods of sensing a health condition of a user or patient. The methods include coupling a sensor apparatus to a surface of a user or patient overlying structures to be monitored. The sensor apparatus may include a crumpled conductor capable of detecting strain.

Abstract: A sensor device (10) for use in a motor vehicle includes a housing (11) for receiving a sensor element (1). The sensor element (1) has contact surfaces (21 to 23) electrically conductively connected with electrical plug connections (27) arranged in the housing (11), in the region of contacts (24 to 26), wherein the sensor element (1) is applied with force by a housing element (13), in the direction of the contacts (24 to 26) for the purposes of electrical contacting. A support in the form of a 3-point contact is formed between the sensor element (1) and the housing (11). The sensor element (1) has at least two measuring devices (5, 6), and the at least two measuring devices (5, 6) have three contact surfaces (21 to 23) that form the 3-point contact.

Abstract: Methods of using acoustic emission (AE) as a condition assessment technique for alkali-silica reaction (ASR) in concrete are provided. ASR is a chemical reaction occurring between alkaline hydroxides within cement past and certain types of amorphous silica found in mineral aggregates. ASR causes an accumulation of internal pressure due to the formation of a hygroscopic gel which leads to expansion and cracking of the concrete. AE is highly sensitive to stress waves emitted from a sudden release of energy such as formation of cracks in concrete. This allows it to capture and identify propagating damage. AE has the potential to detect micro-cracks forming prior to expansion, which can be related to the degree of ASR damage.

Abstract: A tactile sensor includes a first insulating layer having a first array of electrically conductive strips embedded therein and extending in a first direction. An intermediate layer of conductive soft polymer material is positioned above the first insulating layer and the first array of said electrically conductive strips. A second insulating layer having a second array of electrically conductive strips embedded therein, which extend in a second direction which is different than the first direction, is positioned above the intermediate layer. The first array of electrically conductive strips are connected to the second array of electrically conductive strips, and both the first and second array of electrically conductive strips are also connected to an impedance measuring device.