Abstract: An optical neural network is constructed based on photonic integrated circuits to perform neuromorphic computing. In the optical neural network, matrix multiplication is implemented using one or more optical interference units, which can apply an arbitrary weighting matrix multiplication to an array of input optical signals. Nonlinear activation is realized by an optical nonlinearity unit, which can be based on nonlinear optical effects, such as saturable absorption. These calculations are implemented optically, thereby resulting in high calculation speeds and low power consumption in the optical neural network.

Abstract: A scalable point defect qubit control system may include a diamond waveguide array comprising one or more diamond waveguides and a microwave line disposed proximally to the diamond waveguide array. Each diamond waveguide in the diamond waveguide array may include one or more qubits encoded in point defect sites. The microwave line may be configured to receive a direct current (DC) signal configured to shift an energy level of each point defect qubit of the one or more point defect qubits based on a position of the point defect in the diamond waveguide array, and receive an alternating current (AC) signal configured to control a quantum state of a point defect qubit of the one or more point defect qubits, wherein one or more properties of the AC signal are based on the shift in the energy level induced by the DC signal.

Abstract: A method for controlling a qubit encoded in an atom-like defect in a solid-state host may comprise applying an electrical signal to a piezoelectric cantilever that is mechanically coupled to a photonic waveguide comprising one or more embedded point defect sites. The photonic waveguide may be optically coupled to a photonic chip. Applying the electrical signal to the piezoelectric cantilever may induce movement in the piezoelectric cantilever, which may induce a strain in the photonic waveguide. The applied electrical signal may be determined by a defect site with excitation light, measuring a frequency of a photon emitted by the excited defect site, determining a frequency shift based on the measured frequency of the emitted photon, and determining the electrical signal to be applied to the piezoelectric cantilever based on the frequency shift.

Abstract: Provided herein is a photonic modulator and methods for controlling a photonic modulator that can control the phase and/or amplitude of photons being transmitted through the modulator to minimize photonic loss while remaining power efficient and operating at high speeds. The photonic modulator can include a substrate with a pair of piezoelectric cantilevers spaced apart from one another by a gap, with a photonic waveguide disposed in the substrate that extends across the modulator and bridges the gap between the piezoelectric cantilevers. In one or more examples, the piezoelectric cantilevers can be configured to move away from the substrate in response to an electrical signal, such that a refractive index of the photonic waveguide is altered.

Abstract: The present application discloses methods and apparatus for arranging atoms in arrays. A system for arranging atoms within a 3-dimensional space includes an optical system (920) operable to produce a plurality of switchable optical traps (925) within the 3- dimensional space, a sensor (930) configured to detect atoms within the plurality of switchable optical traps, a scanner (990) operable to simultaneously move multiple atoms within the plurality of switchable optical traps, and at least one controller (905) configured to operate the optical system and the scanner to sort atoms within the plurality of switchable optical traps into a desired configuration of atoms, said operation of the optical system and the scanner being based at least in part on sensor data generated by the sensor detecting atoms within the plurality of switchable optical traps.

Abstract: Disclosed are dielectric cavity arrays with cavities formed by pairs of dielectric tips, wherein the cavities have low mode volume (e.g., 7*10?5 ?3, where ? is the resonance wavelength of the cavity array), and large quality factor Q (e.g., 106 or more). Applications for such dielectric cavity arrays include, but are not limited to, Raman spectroscopy, second harmonic generation, optical signal detection, microwave-to-optical transduction, and as light emitting devices.

Abstract: An optical neural network is constructed based on photonic integrated circuits to perform neuromorphic computing. In the optical neural network, matrix multiplication is implemented using one or more optical interference units, which can apply an arbitrary weighting matrix multiplication to an array of input optical signals. Nonlinear activation is realized by an optical nonlinearity unit, which can be based on nonlinear optical effects, such as saturable absorption. These calculations are implemented optically, thereby resulting in high calculation speeds and low power consumption in the optical neural network.

Abstract: Disclosed are dielectric cavity arrays with cavities formed by pairs of dielectric tips, wherein the cavities have low mode volume (e.g., 7*10?5?3, where X is the resonance wavelength of the cavity array), and large quality factor Q (e.g., 106 or more). Applications for such dielectric cavity arrays include, but are not limited to, Raman spectroscopy, second harmonic generation, optical signal detection, microwave-to-optical transduction, and as light emitting devices.

Abstract: An optical neural network is constructed based on photonic integrated circuits to perform neuromorphic computing. In the optical neural network, matrix multiplication is implemented using one or more optical interference units, which can apply an arbitrary weighting matrix multiplication to an array of input optical signals. Nonlinear activation is realized by an optical nonlinearity unit, which can be based on nonlinear optical effects, such as saturable absorption. These calculations are implemented optically, thereby resulting in high calculation speeds and low power consumption in the optical neural network.

Abstract: An integrated optical beam steering device includes a planar dielectric lens that collimates beams from different inputs in different directions within the lens plane. It also includes an output coupler, such as a grating or photonic crystal, that guides the collimated beams in different directions out of the lens plane. A switch matrix controls which input port is illuminated and hence the in-plane propagation direction of the collimated beam. And a tunable light source changes the wavelength to control the angle at which the collimated beam leaves the plane of the substrate. The device is very efficient, in part because the input port (and thus in-plane propagation direction) can be changed by actuating only log2 N of the N switches in the switch matrix. It can also be much simpler, smaller, and cheaper because it needs fewer control lines than a conventional optical phased array with the same resolution.

Abstract: An integrated optical beam steering device includes a planar dielectric lens that collimates beams from different inputs in different directions within the lens plane. It also includes an output coupler, such as a grating or photonic crystal, that guides the collimated beams in different directions out of the lens plane. A switch matrix controls which input port is illuminated and hence the in-plane propagation direction of the collimated beam. And a tunable light source changes the wavelength to control the angle at which the collimated beam leaves the plane of the substrate. The device is very efficient, in part because the input port (and thus in-plane propagation direction) can be changed by actuating only log2 N of the N switches in the switch matrix. It can also be much simpler, smaller, and cheaper because it needs fewer control lines than a conventional optical phased array with the same resolution.

Abstract: Modulating graphene's optical conductivity with an electrolyte nanopatterning technique reduces or eliminates scattering loss caused by rough edges from etching. This technique uses a resist mask patterned with features as small as 30 nm to shield graphene from ions in an electrolyte. It can provide a carrier density variation of about 1014 cm?2 across a length of just 15 nm. And it can be combined with a technique of growing or transferring graphene on atomically smooth hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) to increase graphene's carrier mobility, e.g., to 10,000 cm2/(V·s) or more. The resulting graphene metamaterials can be used to make voltage-tunable electro-optical devices, such as beam-steering devices, electro-optical switch and modulators, and reconfigurable holograms.

Abstract: The Zeeman shift of electronic spins in nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond has been exploited in lab-scale instruments for ultra-high-resolution, vector-based magnetic sensing. A quantum magnetometer in CMOS utilizing a diamond-nanocrystal layer with NVs or NV-doped bulk diamond on a chip-integrated system provides vector-based magnetic sensing in a compact package. The system performs two functions for the quantum magnetometry: (1) strong generation and efficient delivery of microwave for quantum-state control and (2) optical filtering/detection of spin-dependent fluorescence for quantum-state readout. The microwave delivery can be accomplished with a loop inductor or array of wires integrated into the chip below the nanodiamond layer or diamond. And the wire array can also suppress excitation light using a combination of plasmonic and (optionally) Talbot effects.

Abstract: A light-trapping geometry enhances the sensitivity of strain, temperature, and/or electromagnetic field measurements using nitrogen vacancies in bulk diamond, which have exterior dimensions on the order of millimeters. In an example light-trapping geometry, a laser beam enters the bulk diamond, which may be at room temperature, through a facet or notch. The beam propagates along a path inside the bulk diamond that includes many total internal reflections off the diamond's surfaces. The NVs inside the bulk diamonds absorb the beam as it propagates. Photodetectors measure the transmitted beam or fluorescence emitted by the NVs. The resulting transmission or emission spectrum represents the NVs' quantum mechanical states, which in turn vary with temperature, magnetic field strength, electric field strength, strain/pressure, etc.

Abstract: An optical neural network is constructed based on photonic integrated circuits to perform neuromorphic computing. In the optical neural network, matrix multiplication is implemented using one or more optical interference units, which can apply an arbitrary weighting matrix multiplication to an array of input optical signals. Nonlinear activation is realized by an optical nonlinearity unit, which can be based on nonlinear optical effects, such as saturable absorption. These calculations are implemented optically, thereby resulting in high calculation speeds and low power consumption in the optical neural network.

Abstract: An integrated optical beam steering device includes a planar dielectric lens that collimates beams from different inputs in different directions within the lens plane. It also includes an output coupler, such as a grating or photonic crystal, that guides the collimated beams in different directions out of the lens plane. A switch matrix controls which input port is illuminated and hence the in-plane propagation direction of the collimated beam. And a tunable light source changes the wavelength to control the angle at which the collimated beam leaves the plane of the substrate. The device is very efficient, in part because the input port (and thus in-plane propagation direction) can be changed by actuating only log2 N of the N switches in the switch matrix. It can also be much simpler, smaller, and cheaper because it needs fewer control lines than a conventional optical phased array with the same resolution.

Abstract: A light-trapping geometry enhances the sensitivity of strain, temperature, and/or electromagnetic field measurements using nitrogen vacancies in bulk diamond, which have exterior dimensions on the order of millimeters. In an example light-trapping geometry, a laser beam enters the bulk diamond, which may be at room temperature, through a facet or notch. The beam propagates along a path inside the bulk diamond that includes many total internal reflections off the diamond's surfaces. The NVs inside the bulk diamonds absorb the beam as it propagates. Photodetectors measure the transmitted beam or fluorescence emitted by the NVs. The resulting transmission or emission spectrum represents the NVs' quantum mechanical states, which in turn vary with temperature, magnetic field strength, electric field strength, strain/pressure, etc.

Abstract: An optical neural network is constructed based on photonic integrated circuits to perform neuromorphic computing. In the optical neural network, matrix multiplication is implemented using one or more optical interference units, which can apply an arbitrary weighting matrix multiplication to an array of input optical signals. Nonlinear activation is realized by an optical nonlinearity unit, which can be based on nonlinear optical effects, such as saturable absorption. These calculations are implemented optically, thereby resulting in high calculation speeds and low power consumption in the optical neural network.

Abstract: A programmable photonic integrated circuit implements arbitrary linear optics transformations in the spatial mode basis with high fidelity. Under a realistic fabrication model, we analyze programmed implementations of the CNOT gate, CPHASE gate, iterative phase estimation algorithm, state preparation, and quantum random walks. We find that programmability dramatically improves device tolerance to fabrication imperfections and enables a single device to implement a broad range of both quantum and classical linear optics experiments. Our results suggest that existing fabrication processes are sufficient to build such a device in the silicon photonics platform.

Abstract: A programmable photonic integrated circuit implements arbitrary linear optics transformations in the spatial mode basis with high fidelity. Under a realistic fabrication model, we analyze programmed implementations of the CNOT gate, CPHASE gate, iterative phase estimation algorithm, state preparation, and quantum random walks. We find that programmability dramatically improves device tolerance to fabrication imperfections and enables a single device to implement a broad range of both quantum and classical linear optics experiments. Our results suggest that existing fabrication processes are sufficient to build such a device in the silicon photonics platform.