Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of bio-oil-based renewable streams for composing a diesel or aviation kerosene (AVK) pool by combining the technologies of hydroprocessing esters and fatty acids (HEFA) and thermochemical conversion of lignocellulosic biomass for generating bio-oil. The integration of conventional raw material from the HEFA pathway with a bio-oil fraction has the advantages of the use of a stream originating from the conversion of lignocellulosic material, which is widely available on the market, and also the production of a renewable stream containing aromatics in its composition.

Abstract: The present invention addresses to a hydrothermal liquefaction process capable of generating a liquid stream, rich in renewable molecules, with lower oxygen content, lower percentage of water and lower acidity compared to other products of thermochemical processes of biomass conversion. In order to effectively carry out this process, a catalyst was developed, obtained from the calcination of castor bean hull, to be used in the field of biofuels in order to provide an environmentally friendly alternative for the production of fuels.

Abstract: The present invention describes the coprocessing of a lignocellulosic liquid stream and an intermediate fossil stream in the oil refining process comprising the steps of (a) contacting said intermediate fossil stream and said lignocellulosic liquid stream with a stream of solvent of C3-C10 hydrocarbons in an extraction section, obtaining a stream of extract with solvent and a stream of raffinate with solvent; and (b) sending said stream of extract with solvent to a separation section, obtaining a deasphalted oil stream comprising solvent-free carbon of renewable origin and a stream of recovered solvent. The present invention further relates to a process for producing fuels from the deasphalted oil stream comprising carbon of renewable origin, wherein the process comprises sending the deasphalted oil stream to a conversion section of an oil refinery.

Abstract: The present invention describes the coprocessing of a lignocellulosic liquid stream and an intermediate fossil stream in the oil refining process comprising the steps of (a) contacting said intermediate fossil stream and said lignocellulosic liquid stream with a stream of solvent of C3-C10 hydrocarbons in an extraction section, obtaining a stream of extract with solvent and a stream of raffinate with solvent; and (b) sending said stream of extract with solvent to a separation section, obtaining a deasphalted oil stream comprising solvent-free carbon of renewable origin and a stream of recovered solvent. The present invention further relates to a process for producing fuels from the deasphalted oil stream comprising carbon of renewable origin, wherein the process comprises sending the deasphalted oil stream to a conversion section of an oil refinery.

Abstract: Additives for mixing with the catalyst inventory in process units for fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) for maximizing the production of LPG and light olefins are described. Said additives comprise a matrix that incorporates a zeolite of type MFI, preferably zeolite ZSM-5, a zeolite of type Y, and a source of phosphorus, in a single particle. Mixing of the additive in proportions from 1.0 to 40 wt. % with the equilibrium catalyst of an FCC unit maximizes the production of LPG and light olefins, chiefly propylene.

Abstract: The present, invention relates to a process for the production of additives for catalysts for fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) based on zeolite that is selective for light olefins, with the aim of increasing the yields, in FCC units, of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and light olefins, of high added value, among others propene and isobutene. This invention provides a method of preparation of catalytic compositions, starting from zeolite modified with phosphate and alkaline-earth metal, that leads to the production of an additive with better performance than the additives, of similar compositions, obtained by other methods of the prior art. The process can be regarded as a development in relation to other processes, as it promotes interaction between the zeolite that is selective for light olefins and its activator, reagent “X”. For this, a separate stage is used during the sequence of stages in the preparation.

Abstract: In a tunable drum, a connector member in the drum is attached by linkages to a tuning ring, and is threadedly coupled by a tuning linkage to a retaining member fixed to the drum. Rotation of the tuning linkage with respect to the drum moves the connector member longitudinally and, as a result, adjusts the tension of the drumhead. In one embodiment, a motor is coupled to the tuning linkage such that an operator can manually adjust the tuning via a motor. In another embodiment, a transducer and tuning circuit can automatically provide control signals to the motor based on a difference between a desired frequency and a determined frequency.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the fluid catalytic cracking of hydrocarbons using a downflow reactor and a catalyst with an Akzo Accessibility Index (AAI) of at least 3.5. This process combines the advantages of the use of downflow and riser reactors: minimal overcracking and high conversion of the higher boiling fraction. The use of a downflow reactor minimizes overcracking, while the cracking catalyst facilitates high conversions, even for high-boiling fractions in the feed.

Abstract: In a tunable drum, a connector member in the drum is attached by linkages to a tuning ring, and is threadedly coupled by a tuning linkage to a retaining member fixed to the drum. Rotation of the tuning linkage with respect to the drum moves the connector member longitudinally and, as a result, adjusts the tension of the drumhead. In one embodiment, a handle is oriented at an angle to the tuning linkage, and is coupled to the tuning linkage such that an operator can adjust the tuning linkage from the side of the drum.

Abstract: In a tunable drum, a connector member in the drum is attached by linkages to a tuning ring, and is threadedly coupled by a tuning linkage to a retaining member fixed to the drum. Rotation of the tuning linkage with respect to the drum moves the connector member longitudinally and, as a result, adjusts the tension of the drumnhead. In one embodiment, a handle is oriented at an angle to the tuning linkage, and is coupled to the tuning linkage such that an operator can adjust the tuning linkage from the side of the drum.

Abstract: In a tunable drum, a connector member in the drum is attached by linkages to a tuning ring, and is threadedly coupled by a tuning linkage to a retaining member fixed to the drum. Rotation of the tuning linkage with respect to the drum moves the connector member longitudinally and, as a result, adjusts the tension of the drumhead. In one embodiment, a motor is coupled to the tuning linkage such that an operator can manually adjust the tuning via a motor. In another embodiment, a transducer and tuning circuit can automatically provide control signals to the motor based on a difference between a desired frequency and a determined frequency.

Abstract: In a tunable drum, a connector member in the drum is attached by cables to a tuning ring, and is threadedly coupled by a tuning linkage to a retaining member fixed to the drum. Rotation of the tuning linkage with respect to the drum moves the connector member longitudinally and, as a result, adjusts the tension of the drumhead. In one embodiment, a handle fixed to the tuning linkage is positioned to engage a complementary coupling in a drum stand when the drum is retained by the drum stand. In another embodiment, the complementary coupling is movable between an operative position in which the drum can be tuned by rotating it with respect to the stand, and inoperative position in which the drum can be placed in the stand without the handle engaging the complementary coupling.

Abstract: In a tunable drum, a connector member in the drum is attached by cables to a tuning ring, and is threadedly coupled by a tuning linkage to a retaining member fixed to the drum. Rotation of the tuning linkage with respect to the drum moves the connector member longitudinally and, as a result, adjusts the tension of the drumhead. In one embodiment, a handle fixed to the tuning linkage is positioned to engage a complementary coupling in a drum stand when the drum is retained by the drum stand. In another embodiment, the complementary coupling is movable between an operative position in which the drum can be tuned by rotating it with respect to the stand, and inoperative position in which the drum can be placed in the stand without the handle engaging the complementary coupling.