Abstract: Methods of melting ice using ice-melt compositions including calcium chloride coated with a lignosulfonate material are disclosed. The ice-melt compositions can be useful as ice-melt products with improved safety. A method can include applying an ice-melt composition to ice, the ice-melt composition comprising coated particles. Each coated particle can include a core comprising calcium chloride and a coating at least partially surrounding the core, the coating comprising a lignosulfonate material.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
August 17, 2020
Date of Patent:
May 31, 2022
Inventors:
Laurence G. Dammann, Roger D. Phillips, Kyle D. King
Abstract: Processes for converting lignocellulose to feedstock and downstream products are disclosed. The processes may include acid treatment of lignocellulose to produce a fermentation feedstock. In various instances, the processes include recovery or recycling of acid, such as recovery of hydrochloric acid from concentrated and/or dilute streams. Downstream products may include acrylic acid-based products such as diapers, paper and paper-based products, ethanol, biofuels such as biodiesel and fuel additives, and detergents.
Abstract: Ice-melt compositions including calcium chloride coated with a lignosulfonate material are disclosed. The ice-melt compositions can be useful as ice-melt products with improved safety. Also disclosed are methods of melting ice using an ice-melt composition and methods of making an ice-melt composition.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
April 14, 2017
Date of Patent:
August 18, 2020
Inventors:
Laurence G. Dammann, Roger D. Phillips, Kyle D. King
Abstract: A method for forming tubular solid oxide cells is described. The methods include co-extrusion of an electrode precursor and a sacrificial material to form a multi-layered precursor followed by phase inversion and sintering to remove the sacrificial layer and form an electrode substrate for use in a tubular solid oxide cell. Upon phase inversion and sintering of the precursor, a micro-channel array can be generated in the electrode that is generally perpendicular to the tube surface. The open pored micro-scale geometry of the porous electrode substrate can significantly reduce resistance for fuel/gas transport and increase effective surface area for electrochemical reactions.
Abstract: The invention provides compositions and methods for controlling setting of carbonatable calcium silicate compositions that are contaminated with hydrating materials. These carbonatable calcium silicate cements are suitable for use as non-hydraulic cement that hardens by a carbonation process and may be applied in a variety of concrete components in the infrastructure, construction, pavement and landscaping industries.
Abstract: The present invention primarily relates to a method for isolating lignin, preferably unmodified lignin, from a mixture, in particular a pulping slurry, containing lignin, a cellulose solvent, a cellulose precipitant, minerals and optionally (residual) cellulose and/or hemicellulose and/or hydrolyzation products thereof, comprising or consisting of the following steps: i) removing the cellulose precipitant from the mixture, ii) contacting the mixture with a lignin precipitant, preferably at a temperature below 50° C.
Abstract: The present disclosure relates to cementitious fluids comprising additives configured to form a permeable cement matrix after curing of the cement. The cementitious fluids can comprise a cementitious medium (e.g., a cement slurry) with a plurality of fibers dispersed therein. The fibers can be hollow, can be porous, and can be degradable. The cementitious fluid particularly can be used in methods of stimulating hydrocarbon bearing formations. Specifically, the cementitious fluid can be injected into the formation to form or enlarge a fracture, and the fluid can be cured to form the permeable cement matrix, said permeability arising from a loosely assembled tubular network and/or passages remaining after degradation of the fibers.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
June 29, 2015
Date of Patent:
February 14, 2017
Assignee:
Research Triangle Institute
Inventors:
Ginger D. Rothrock, Vikram Rao, Vijay Gupta, Leah Johnson
Abstract: The method is for separation of lignin from original black liquor (BLIN) having a first precipitation phase (PR1/PR2) for precipitation of lignin by a first acidification using acidifier, CO2, at alkaline conditions, then separating a lignin cake with subsequent suspension of the lignin cake in a strong acid to leach our metals from the lignin followed by dewatering and obtaining a clean lignin product LP. The acidic liquid phase (FL1) subjected to a sulphur removal process wherein a calcium containing compound is added to the acidic liquid phase, whereby sulphur in the acidic liquid phase is reacting with the calcium compound forming solid gypsum which could be separated and bled off from the process. The remaining acidic liquid could then be returned to the recovery process without negatively affecting the sulphur balance of the mill.
Abstract: A two component adhesive system is described. The first component of the system is made from a sulfonated lignin having at least one amine group containing side arm and at least one hydroxyl group containing side arm. The second component of the system is made from a sulfonated lignin having at least one chloroformate group containing side arm.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
June 21, 2012
Date of Patent:
October 21, 2014
Assignee:
Empire Technology Development LLC
Inventors:
Glen Leon Brizius, Phillip Kent Montgomery
Abstract: Methods are disclosed for preparing lignin from lignocellulosic biomass using rapid full or partial pressure reduction to separate and pulverize the lignin without fouling the equipment and with improved energy recovery.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
May 4, 2012
Date of Patent:
March 4, 2014
Assignee:
Renmatix, Inc.
Inventors:
Kiran Kadam, Michel A. Simard, George Steven Dowe
Abstract: A viscous composition for making a layer and/or a coating for a road track or a building, and containing a viscous fraction. The viscous fraction mainly contains vegetable pitch, in particular tall oil pitch, and a phenolic modified rosin.
Abstract: A cationic electrodepositable coating composition is disclosed. The present invention in directed to a cationic electrodepositable coating composition comprising a lignin-containing cationic salt resin, that comprises (A) the reaction product of: lignin, an amine, and a carbonyl compound; (B) the reaction product of lignin, epichlorohydrin, and an amine; or (C) combinations thereof.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
February 26, 2010
Date of Patent:
July 30, 2013
Assignee:
PPG Industries Ohio, Inc.
Inventors:
David Fenn, Mark P. Bowman, Steven R. Zawacky, Ellor J. Van Buskirk, Peter Kamarchik
Abstract: A foundry mold and the method of making it is disclosed and claimed. Black liquor is extracted from a pulping process and used as a resin which when combined with an aggregate forms a foundry mold, foundry core or a briquette. The black liquor can be combined with another material to accelerate the cure and to resist moisturization of the mold, core or briquette.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
January 27, 2003
Date of Patent:
July 19, 2005
Inventors:
Karl Vincent Kurple, Concetta Kurple, Kenneth R. Kurple
Abstract: Methods for making the stable dispersion of lignin components of black liquor in bitumen. Representative methods comprising converting an aqueous colloidal dispersion of lignin in spent pulping liquor to an anhydrous colloidal dispersion of lignin in a lubricating oil by mixing a lubricating oil with the spent pulping liquor, and dewatering the mixture so formed at an elevated temperature to form a cream-like paste compatible with bitumen, and mixing said anhydrous colloidal dispersion of lignin with bitumen.
Abstract: The invention concerns a composition for the production of shaped bodies, consisting of polymer lignin, shellac and natural fibers and also a method for the production of shaped bodies from such a composition via production of a shaped body through extrusion.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
July 26, 2001
Date of Patent:
March 16, 2004
Assignees:
Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten
Forschung e.V., TECNARO Gesellschaft zur industriellen Anwendung
nachwachsender Rohstoffe mbH
Inventors:
Helmut Nägele, Jürgen Pfitzer, Emilia Inone, Peter Eyerer, Norbert Eisenreich, Wilhelm Eckl
Abstract: The present invention relates to an aqueous silica-containing composition comprising an anionic organic polymer having at least one aromatic group and anionic aggregated or microgel formed silica-based particles. The aqueous silica-containing composition contains the anionic organic polymer having at least one aromatic group and the anionic silica-based particles in an amount of at least 0.01% by weight of the total weight of the aqueous silica-containing composition. The aqueous silica-containing composition contains substantially no cellulose-reactive sizing agent and the anionic organic polymer having at least one aromatic group is not an anionic naphthalene sulphonate formaldehyde condensate.
Type:
Application
Filed:
December 20, 2002
Publication date:
July 24, 2003
Inventors:
Hans Johansson-Vestin, Johan Nyander, Jan Nordin