Abstract: The present invention is for the kind of power machines, engines, pumps or compressions which have two or more pistons which work against each other preferably with a common combustion chamber or corresponding, in a stationary cylinder and where the power is transmitted to or from a rotating motion without an intermediate crankshaft. The object of the present invention is to make use of the moments of the pistons for further purpose. According to the invention the motions of the pistons are used to compress gas on that side of the pistons which is turned away from the combustion chamber. Behind each piston, i.e. on the piston rod side of the respective piston, there is a delimited space, (64, 65). Preferably the spaces (64, 65) are arranged so that during certain parts of a cycle of operation they are closed by valves of a suitable kind and during other parts of the cycle of operation are opened and allow inflow or outflow of gas.

Abstract: A twin-piston engine (1), i.e., a crankcase scavenged two-stroke internal combustion engine comprising two pistons (2,3) travelling in essentially the same direction, and wherein one (4) of the cylinder bores, the exhaust bore (4), contains all exhaust ports (6), and the other cylinder bore (5), the scavenging cylinder bore, contains a number of scavenging ports (7,8,9).

Abstract: The present invention is an internal combustion engine having a rotary sleeve valve mechanism with a sleeve valve which has an opening formed in the outer peripheral surface for suction of fuel and discharge of exhaust gas. The present invention achieves an improvement in the admission and exhaust efficiency and simplification of the valve mechanism by employing a rotating sleeve valve. The rotary sleeve-valve internal combustion engine has a cylindrical rotary cylinder valve (3) which is rotatably supported in an engine block (1). An opening (5) which is provided in the outer peripheral wall surface of the rotary cylinder valve (3) provides communication with an inlet port (10) during admission and with an exhaust port (15) during exhaust. A seal ring (40) is provided around the periphery of the opening (5) to effect gas seal for the area between the engine block (1) and the inner peripheral wall surface (7).

Abstract: A rotary commutator valve that is located at the exhaust ports of the cylinder of an internal combustion, reciprocal engine for regulating the flow of exhaust and allowing the exhaust ports to be sequentially utilized as supplementary intake ports for charging the engine cylinder, the communtator valve having an exhaust passage, an intake passage and a common exhasut/intake passage that communicates with the exhaust ports and a rotor with a rotor notch that sequentially and selectively connects either the intake passage or the exhaust passage to the common exhasut/intake passage allowing the exhaust ports to first exhaust combustion gases and then form supplemental intake ports for admitting additional air.

Abstract: Two pistons in adjacently situated cylinders in a twin-piston two-stroke engine share a common combustion chamber. To ensure low exhaust gas emissions with low consumption, a lean mixture is burnt whereof the complete combustion is made possible by designing the combustion chamber so that circulation of the ignited mixture takes place and the mixture burns through rapidly. The twin-piston two-stroke engine may also be devised to run with a stratified charge, the centrally arranged partition in the twin cylinder providing excellent separation between the lean and rich mixture portions.

Abstract: High Pressure reciprocator components for reciprocating machines particularly internal combustion engines, the components include a multiple ring, single groove, piston seal having stacked ring elements with top contraction rings to block cylinder pressure from entry behind the rings and bottom expansion rings to contact the cylinder and seal with constant force throughout the piston cycle; a wristpin bearing assembly for tandem, toggle motion connecting rods connecting a single piston with dual, counter rotating crankshafts, the bearing assembly having a bearing seat for positioning juxtaposed wristpins in mutual, limited rolling contact to cancel side components of piston thrust force and frictions; and, a cross channel pressure converter interconnecting an exhaust conduit with a compressed air conduit with a channel having a free floating piston therein to equalize exhaust and intake pressures in a reciprocator to boost intake pressures or purging and charging the cylinder.

Abstract: A two stroke spark ignition engine requiring a minimum of one pair of cylinders is constructable in multiple cylinder pairs. Each cylinder contains two oppositely working pistons. Four pistons drive, without rocking couples, opposite sides of a single crankshaft having three crankpins. Two paired cylinders are interconnected through and share a common precombustion chamber insuring cylinder pressure equalization and require only one fuel injector and one spark plug. The valveless engine has piston controlled intake and exhaust ports and crank phasing insures that exhaust ports are opened and closed prior to the respective opening and closing of the intake ports rendering the uniflow scavenged cylinders superchargeable. The precombustion chamber is optionally made variable in volume to simultaneously provide a variable compression ratio to both cylinders without affecting piston geometry or stroke.

Abstract: A two-stroke axial engine in which the inlet of fresh mixture is effected directly in a scavenging chamber through an aperture actuated by the primary shaft, the fresh mixture being thereafter exhausted under the control of the piston from the scavenging chamber through scavenging apertures into a combustion chamber, and between the scavenging chamber and the crankcase there being mounted a separator, and a fork mounted on an oscillator and slidable on a guiding rail pivotable on two bearings.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to internal combustion engines of the kind comprising two working cylinders arranged in vertical side-by-side parallel relationship, there being two oppositely working pistons in each cylinder, and the movement of the four pistons being transmitted to a common drive shaft between the cylinders. The top pistons in each cylinder are connected to piston rods which in turn are secured to a crosshead and which crosshead has a pivotal connection for a connecting rod the other end of which is connected to drive a drive shaft. The lower or bottom two pistons are in like manner connected through a crosshead to the drive shaft. Fuel injection occurs at the mid-point of each cylinder between each of the two pistons in each cylinder. As to each cylinder intake air is ported in above the injector and exhaust air is ported out beneath the injector.

Abstract: A two stroke diesel engine requiring a minimum of one pair of cylinders is constructable in multiple cylinder pairs. Each cylinder contains two oppositely working pistons. Four pistons drive, without rocking couples, opposite sides of a single crankshaft having three crankpins. Two paired cylinders are interconnected through and share a common precombustion chamber insuring cylinder pressure equalization and require only one fuel injector. The valveless engine has piston controlled intake and exhaust ports and crank phasing insures that exhaust ports are opened and closed prior to the respective opening and closing of the intake ports rendering the uniflow scavenged cylinders superchargeable. The precombustion chamber is optionally made variable in volume to simultaneously provide a variable compression ratio to both cylinders without affecting piston geometry or stroke.

Abstract: A two-stroke cycle gasoline or diesel engine having: at least two two-stroke cycle power cylinder - piston assemblies each having two horizontally opposed pistons, incorporating uniflow scavenging, and operating with a phase difference of 180.degree. relative to each other; at least one double acting scavenging pump cylinder - piston assembly which has two horizontally opposed pistons and is driven by the power cylinder - piston assemblies by way of a pair of mutually synchronized common crankshafts and crank mechanisms which connect the pistons of the power cylinder - piston assemblies and the pump cylinder - piston assembly with the common crankshafts, wherein the crank radius of the common crankshafts with respect to the pump cylinder - piston assembly is substantially smaller than that with respect to the power cylinder - piston assemblies.

Abstract: A two-cycle, two-cylinder opposed piston internal combustion engine having means for continuously adjusting the stroke of the engine and the blocking and unblocking of intake, transfer and exhaust ports with respect to each other as the engine is operating. Corresponding pistons of each cylinder are connected to respective ends of pivotally mounted rocker arms so that pistons in one cylinder move oppositely with respect to pistons in the other cylinder, the piston side surfaces alternately blocking and unblocking transfer and exhaust ports. In a particular embodiment, the rocker arms are each fitted with a flat spring positioned so as to be in contact with the end of the associated piston rod and deflecting to allow the pistons to move apart at an increased speed in advance of the crankshaft. The springs are secured and limited so as to provide increasing spring moment as the springs are deflected.

Abstract: An air control valve (20, 21) is coupled to the minimum volume region of each cylinder (11, 12) in an internal combustion engine. The open interval of the valves during each engine cycle is controlled responsive to the throttle (FIG. 2) to equalize the air-fuel ratio. The clearance of the pistons is also adjusted responsive to the throttle (FIGS. 3A and 4A) to equalize the compression pressure during engine operation. Specifically, in an engine with two cylinders each having opposing pistons, the coupling systems between the piston rods and the crankshaft exhibit diagonal symmetry (FIG. 1).

Abstract: A two-stroke cycle gasoline engine having a first scavenging port which is supplied with fuel-air mixture through a mixture passage, and a second scavenging port which is supplied with air, wherein supply of fuel-air mixture through the mixture passage is substantially throttled while supply of air through the second scavenging port is interrupted, so as to perform stratified scavenging, when the engine is operating at low load, while in medium to high load operation the throttling of the mixture passage is released while air is injected through said second scavenging port, so as to generate swirling of mixture charged in the cylinder chamber.

Abstract: A two-stroke cycle diesel engine having at least one two-stroke cycle power cylinder-piston assembly incorporating uniflow scavenging and having two horizontally opposed pistons, at least first and second scavenging ports and two crankcases which may perform crankcase compression; a pump assembly including at least one scavenging pump cylinder-piston assembly of the reciprocating type which is separate from and is driven by the power cylinder-piston assembly; a scavenging air introducing device which introduces scavenging air compressed by the pump assembly to the first and the second scavenging ports through first and second passage systems, respectively; and a fume generating device incorporated in the second passage system and supplying fuel mist in an initial part of the air supplied through the second passage system; wherein the fume is supplied as stratified with exhaust gases so as to be heated by the exhaust gases toward decomposition and then the first passage system is interrupted before the pump as

Abstract: A two-stroke cycle gasoline engine including at least one two-stroke cycle power cylinder--piston assembly having two horizontally opposed pistons and incorporating uniflow scavenging, a reciprocating type scavenging pump means including at least one pump cylinder--piston assembly of the reciprocating type driven by the power cylinder--piston assembly in synchronization therewith, wherein the carburetor incorporates, in addition to a normal throttle valve, a control valve which automatically increases its opening as the rotational speed of the engine increases, so that, when it is set to provide its maximum opening at the maximum rotational speed of the engine, it provides gradually reduced opening as the rotational speed of the engine lowers.

Abstract: A two-stroke cycle diesel engine having: at least one two-stroke cycle power cylinder - piston assembly incorporating uniflow scavenging and having two horizontally opposed pistons, at least first and second scavenging ports and two crankcases which may perform crankcase compression; a pump assembly including at least one scavenging pump cylinder - piston assembly of the reciprocating type which is separate from and is driven by the power cylinder - piston assembly; and a scavenging air introducing device which introduces scavenging air compressed by the pump assembly to the first and the second scavenging ports through first and second passage systems, respectively; wherein the first passage system is interrupted before the pump assembly reaches its top dead center so that thereafter the scavenging air compressed by the pump assembly is all supplied to the second scavenging port which is adapted to generate strong swirl flows in the power cylinder when scavenging air at high pressure is supplied in a large a

Abstract: A two-cycle, two-cylinder opposed piston internal combustion engine having means for continuously adjusting the stroke of the engine and the blocking and unblocking of intake, transfer and exhaust ports with respect to each other as the engine is operating. Corresponding pistons of each cylinder are connected to respective ends of pivotally mounted rocker arms so that pistons in one cylinder move oppositely with respect to pistons in the other cylinder, the piston side surfaces alternately blocking and unblocking transfer and exhaust ports. Two connecting rods are provided, one of which is attached at one end to each of the rocker arms at a pivot point distal from the rocker arm pivotal mount and at the other end to a rotatably mounted eccentric, one end of which is formed into a shaft containing a power drive gear operatively connected to a drive shaft, the eccentric being rotated due to an up and down motion of the connecting rod.

Abstract: A two-stroke cycle gasoline engine including at least one two-stroke power cylinder-piston assembly incorporating uniflow scavenging and two horizontally opposed pistons, and at least one scavenging pump cylinder-piston assembly of the reciprocating type, wherein the total stroke volume of the scavenging pump assembly is 1.15-1.65 times as large as that of the power cylinder-piston assembly, and the operational phase relation between the power and pump cylinder-piston assemblies is so determined that the top dead center of a pump cylinder-piston assembly is, as viewed in the crank angle diagram, in a range between 15.degree. in advance of and 15.degree. behind the midpoint between the bottom dead center and the scavenging port closing phase point of the power cylinder-piston assembly to which the pump cylinder-piston assembly supplies scavenging mixture.

Abstract: An engine has pairs of opposing pistons that have common combustion spaces located centrally in a housing, around a single central drive shaft. The inner ends of the piston rods are connected to piston heads with ball and socket joints and the outer ends of the rods are similarly connected to swash plate assemblies on each opposite side of the drive shaft relative to the combustion spaces within an engine housing. The cylinder walls have outer ends positioned near the drive shaft and inner ends that are located further from that shaft and adjacent the combustion spaces. Thrust rings of the swash plate assemblies have teeth in mesh with stationary toothed rims within the housing to correctly position the thrust of the pistons. Air is compressed and forced into the combustion spaces with injected fuel from one end of the housing and expelled at the opposite end.

Abstract: An engine driven reciprocating air compressor. The engine is operated in a through scavenge two-stroke mode. The engine has opposed pistons reciprocating in opposition in a cylinder, the pistons being rigidly connected to respective compressor pistons working in compressor cylinders. A crankshaft rotates about an axis perpendicular to and intersecting the engine cylinder axis. The piston pairs are directly coupled to the crankshaft by connecting rods. The crankshaft synchronizes the piston pairs, defines their strokes, and provides rotary motion for auxiliary devices. The connecting rods and crankshaft are lightweight and do not transmit full engine power. The piston pairs are provided with inward return energy from a flywheel on the crankshaft and air trapped in compressor cylinder clearance volumes. The inward faces of the compressor pistons may be used to compress fuel/air mixture to the scavenge pressure.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine having at least one cylinder in which at least one piston is reciprocable; the air, or air and fuel, induction being by means of an inlet port giving rise to helical flow of air, or air and fuel within the cylinder. In one form, the inlet port is substantially tangential to the cylinder. The cylinder may have a pair of pistons therein movable in unison to adjacent top dead center positions wherein they define with the cylinder wall, an annular combustion chamber.

Abstract: An internal pressure engine comprises at least three like members called hedrons movable between two parallel end plates. Each of the hedrons has opposite end faces engaging the end plates, an inner face extending between the end faces and a sealing face disposed relative to the inner face at an angle equal to 360.degree. divided by the number of hedrons. The sealing face of each hedron engages the inner face of the next adjacent hedron so as to form a working chamber bounded by the end plates and the inner faces of the hedrons. The hedrons are supported and guided for translatory movement along rectilinear paths to vary the volume of the working chamber while maintaining the sealing faces of the hedrons in engagement with the inner faces of adjacent hedrons. Movement of the hedrons is synchronized by means of an oscillating member which is pivotally connected with each of the hedrons. Oscillatory movement of the synchronizing member is converted into rotary movement of a drive shaft by a crank mechanism.