Abstract: A duct lining insulation system for lining variable air volume boxes, air handling units, and ducts for heat ventilation and air conditioning has a sheet of a flexible, closed cell foam composition, said sheet having a face with a substantially smooth surface and having a coating of a pressure sensitive adhesive on a second face of the sheet, further providing that the pressure sensitive adhesive has a volatile content that is sufficiently low so that the adhesive gives off substantially no volatiles.

Abstract: The composite duct system includes a first, duct portion; a second, duct foam portion; and, a third duct portion. The first duct portion has a first surface for permitting a flowable medium to be conveyed adjacent thereto, and a second surface. The first duct portion is formed with a first fiber reinforced resin system. The second duct foam portion has a first surface bonded to the second surface of the first duct portion. The foam portion is formed of fire retarding material derived from a resin system. The third duct portion has a first surface bonded to a second surface of the foam portion. The third duct portion is formed of a second fiber reinforced resin system. Thus, a system is created having an internally sandwiched foam insulation.

Abstract: A method of conveying a fluid (I) in a pipeline, the pipe having a porous structure or a porous lining into which a fluid (II) which is at least partially immiscible with the conveyed fluid is injected. A pipeline for conveying a fluid (I) having a porous structure or a porous lining allowing a fluid (II), which is at least partially immiscible with the fluid (II), to be retained in the pores.

Abstract: The invention relates to improvements in an apparatus, such as pipelines (2) and associated equipment and to a method of making, insulating, providing buoyancy to, recovering and installing submarine apparatus. The marine or submarine apparatus comprises an impermeable enclosure (1) associated with the apparatus (2), which enclosure is tightly packed with hollow microspheres (3) to a density where, when submerged in use, the internal pressure of the microspheres is greater than or substantially equal to the water pressure on the apparatus.

Abstract: A process for producing a porous pipe is disclosed and comprises forming an extrudable mixture comprising elastomer particles, binder component and a solid water carrier component having a composition other than the elastomer particles and the binder component and being associated with sufficient water to provide porosity to a porous pipe produced from the mixture; and extruding the extrudable mixture to conditions effective to form the porous pipe.

Abstract: A lightweight hose assembly of the type adapted for carrying fuels and other corrosive fluids. The assembly (10, 110, 210) includes a tubular member (11, 111, 211) and coupling members (20). The tubular member (11, 111, 211) includes an inner liner (12, 112, 212) of a fluorocarbon polymer. The assembly (10, 110, 210) further includes an outer layer (14, 114, 214) of closed cell fluorocarbon polymer foam. A conductive strip (16, 116, 216) is formed on the inner liner (12, 112, 212) for dissipating electrical charges accumulated in the inner liner (12, 112, 212). A fabric braided layer (118, 218) may be disposed about the exterior of the inner liner (112) or the outer foam layer (214) respectively for adding strength to the assembly (10).

Abstract: Annularly ribbed tube comprises one or more coaxial co-extruded inner layers and a coaxial outer layer of thermoplastic material. The tube has sharply upstanding annular or helical ribs having a width which is small in comparison to distance between annular ribs or between turns of the helix. At least one of the inner layers of extrudate fills a hollow outer shell of each rib which is formed by the outer layer. An innermost layer may be a smooth inner skin or may have a smooth inner wall and another wall which bulges into the rib cavity.

Abstract: A pipeline has an inner surface which comes into contact with cryogenic fluid at a temperature of 70.degree. K. The outer surface of the pipeline carries a coating of foamed polyurethane having closed cells containing carbon dioxide. The pipeline is located in an outer sleeve. The annular space defined between the pipe and the sleeve is filled with perlite powder and is able to be purged with dry nitrogen gas.In operation with the inner surface of the pipelines subjected to a temperature of 70.degree. K., the carbon dioxide in the cells of the polyurethane solidifies creating a vacuum therein. This increases the temperature difference across the polyurethane coating and enables the perlite powder to be maintained at a temperature above 77.degree. K. so that the nitrogen purgant does not condense. A relatively simple alternative to conventional vacuum insulation is thereby provided.

Abstract: An automobile wiring harness conduit having a corrugated tubular wall member of resilient plastic material and an outer covering of flexible sound-deadening foamed material with an axial slit from end-to-end through the outer covering and the wall member.

Abstract: A method of reconstructing fixed pipe systems (which cannot be rotated) by applying a fiberglass laminate utilizing overlapping sections.

Abstract: Pipes or pipelines for transporting sewage, water, slurries, liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons, and the like are interlined with flexible composite tubular lining material. The lining material is matched to the crosswise dimension of the pipe and is adapted to be insertable thereinto and to fit snugly against the inner wall thereof. The lining material comprises a flexible matrix member having a netlike open-meshed configuration, thereby being adapted to receive into its interstices foamable material adapted to expand outwardly upon foaming, into and about irregularities in the wall surface, and to solidify there. The matrix member preferably is extensible lengthwise, and thus reducible in size crosswise, when under axial tension. When released from axial tension, the matrix member recovers to its previous dimensions, except as it may be confined, as against an inside wall of a pipe or pipeline.

Abstract: A plastic pipe with a hard outer shell lined with an inner shell of soft resilient plastic foam with a smooth central axial passageway adapted to be a conduit for liquid. A method of manufacturing this pipe which comprises simultaneously extruding the material for the outer shell and the foamable material for the inner shell into a pipe forming die.

Abstract: A method for producing pipeline having a thermally insulating coating in which a continuous matrix of water-impermeable material has dispersed throughout it hollow microspheres or cellular particles which improve on heat insulating properties of the basic matrix.

Abstract: A technical hose with foam insert, expediently a maritime swimming hose for drawing-off oil, as well as to the process for the production thereof. The hose according to the invention consists of the elastic cross-linked elastomer layer containing also fibre-reinforcement, of the foam layer with closed cells arranged above said layer and assuring swimming ability, as well as of the new type of outer coating sheet.The outer coating sheet is a multi-layer system, the elementary layers are previously partially cross-linked, in their cross-section inhomogenous elastomer layers, stretched longitudinally in a given case, being interconnected and connected to the foam layer, respectively, by means of thermally and/or chemically activated adhesive layers.

Abstract: A method for joining insulated conduits is disclosed, in which the bared ends of the medium-carrying pipes are first interconnected in a per se known manner and a union piece is thereafter placed around the resulting joint, such that the union piece has an overlap on the outer side of the conduits to be joined and forms a mould for foaming an insulating material of cellular plastic in the joint. The union piece is a relatively rigid, circumferentially resilient plastic tube which is slotted throughout its entire length and, before being applied around the joint, has an inner diameter which is smaller than the outer diameter of the conduits. After the union piece has been applied around the joint, a strip is placed on the slot of the union piece throughout substantially the entire length of the slot, said strip consisting of a mouldable, curable plastic material which by curing is bondable to the union piece, and which is thereafter cured so as to be bonded to the union piece.

Abstract: The present invention relates to cellular plastic insulating tubes or cellular plastic insulating plates of a flexible plastic foam with a groove- and tongue-like closing system arranged along the longitudinal axis, in which the groove and tongue can be undercut. The tongue consists of a more rigid or stiffer material than the material forming the groove, or, if the tongue consists of the same material as the insulating cellular material, this is reinforced or stiffened.

Abstract: A tube is thermally insulated by helically wrapping a water-repelling spacer around the tube; longitudinally folding a paper ribbon carrying a separating medium around and onto the helical spacer; injecting a foaming material into the tube as it is being formed, and permitting the material to foam inside the folded ribbon; and further permitting the foam to cure and set. Subsequently, the ribbon is peeled off the foam and, preferably, a metal or metalized foil is wrapped around the exposed foam, which is followed by the extrusion of a thermoplastic, synthetic envelope onto the foam.

Abstract: A shrink-fit article is made by extruding a silane-grafted polymer which foams, at least at its surface, and cross-links. Upon completion of foaming and cross-linking, the article is expanded while (still) warm and cooled in the expanded state.

Abstract: An applicator is provided for coating the uncovered end portions or stubs of pipe sections after they have been welded together. A belt is maintained in tension out of contact with the pipe until the pipe stubs are welded together and coating operations are to begin. The belt is then wrapped onto the pipes forming an annular cavity about the welded stubs. Chain reinforcing mesh is also applied to the exterior of the belt for support. An expanding foam which sets into a hard coating is then injected into the cavity. Once the foam hardens and fills the cavity, the belt and reinforcement are unwrapped from the coated joint and moved away from the pipe.

Abstract: A heat insulating pipe has a foamed heat insulating layer on its outer circumferential face in which the heat insulating layer has an expansion ratio of at least 4 and is of a three-layered structure consisting of a middle foamed layer and lower and upper foamed layers formed at both sides of the middle foamed layer. The cells of the middle foamed layer are relatively large. The cells of the upper foamed layer and the lower foamed layer are relatively small. The shapes of the cells of the middle foamed layer are such that, for the average cell diameter (.mu..sub.1) measured in the radial direction of the pipe and the average cell diameter (.mu..sub.2) measured in the axial direction of the pipe, the relation of .mu..sub.1 /.mu..sub.2 =0.3-0.9 holds.

Abstract: An insulated concentric tubing well element having an inner tubing and an outer tubing with a substantially solid insulating material in the annulus between the inner and outer tubing. A bonding material fills the voids in the annulus and the surface of the solid insulating material. The bonding material prevents movement within the annulus and seals the annulus. Calcium silicate is disclosed as a suitable material for the solid insulation and sodium silicate is disclosed as the bonding material. A method is disclosed for producing the complete well element.

Abstract: A hose of improved impulse life is described including an inner polymeric tube which has a relatively hard outer surface, a tightly packed wire reinforcement e.g., braid or spiral, telescoped over the tube, and an expanded polymeric cushion matrix encapsulating at least a portion of the strands of the reinforcement and also promoting wire-to-wire and tube-to-wire adhesion. A method for producing the hose employing a foamable material applicator is also disclosed.

Abstract: A heat resistant protective coating is comprised of a composition including 14 to 21 percent by weight of an alkali metal silicate; 20 to 35 percent by weight of magnesium silicate; a blowing agent; and water. The composition upon heating intumesces to form a closed cell structure which provides insulation to a coated substrate.The coating composition is particularly useful in coating steel pipe to form an intumesced closed cell composition on the steel pipe. The pipe can be used as an oxygen lance in producing steel or as an aluminum flux rod.

Abstract: Pipe adapted to be installed underwater at increased ocean depths by practical pipe-laying procedures comprises a porous cement shell filled with hollow spheres that are slowly permeable to water under pressure. The cement shell is filled with a sufficient volume of the hollow spheres to make the pipe only slightly heavier than sea water, providing a reduced weight that overcomes previous difficulties in laying pipe at great depths. Over a period of time after the pipe has been installed underwater, the hollow spheres gradually fill with water and make the pipe rest stably on the ocean bottom. The preferred spheres comprise porous core spheres coated with thin coatings that partially seal the spheres to the needed degree of permeability.

Abstract: A sewer pipe, transport pipeline, or other circumferentially enclosed passageway is lined by inserting into and along it a flexible tubular material of given diameter, with its corresponding circumference being less than the inside perimeter of the passageway. The tubular material is a laminate having a dimensionally stable skin layer facing the interior of the passageway and a contiguous layer of a composition foamable to form an expanded cellular structure. After insertion of the tubular material the contiguous layer is foamed to expand cellularly so as to fill the space between the inner skin and the inside wall of the passageway and to solidify in place. The tubular material may have an expansible outer skin layer also.

Abstract: A hose of improved impulse life is described including an inner polymeric tube which has a relatively hard outer surface, a tightly packed wire reinforcement e.g., braid or spiral, telescoped over the tube, and an expanded polymeric cushion matrix encapsulating at least a portion of the strands of the reinforcement and also promoting wire-to-wire and tube-to-wire adhesion. A method for producing the hose employing a foamable material applicator is also disclosed.

Abstract: Insulated sheathing, such as a covering for a bundle of flexible tubes which deliver chilled beverages to a dispensing head, may be covered on their outer side by a seamless flexible sheath and similarly on the inner side of the insulation which surrounds the bundle of tubes. Flexible sheathing for the inner sheath is loaded bunched together on the outer surface of a hollow core near its downstream end. Similar larger diameter sheathing is bunched together on the upstream end of an outer concentric sleeve, whose downstream end is mounted on a slide. The downstream end of a bundle of tubes is inserted through the core, and connected to the downstream end of the inner sheathing and to the upstream end of the outer sheathing. The outer sheathing is then inverted by moving the sleeve upstream over the connected ends which are then drawn downstream together.

Abstract: A spacer is coiled about a drawn, seamless copper tube, and a metal foil or metallized paper ribbon is folded around the coiled spacer. A blend for foaming is injected into the unoccupied space between the folded foil or ribbon and the inner tube, to generate a cyanurate-modified polyurethane foam network in which phosphorous or halogen molecules are embedded by chemical bond. A flame-resistant ribbon is folded about the metal tube. The resulting product and further details of the process are described.

Abstract: A heat insulator for pipe lines for transportation of low temperature fluids which includes a plurality of longitudinally divided hollow cylindrical heat-insulating units assembled to tightly cover the outer periphery of the pipe lines, characterized in that each heat-insulating unit is composed of a heat-insulating panel element of a circular arc in cross section made of a foamed synthetic resin overlaid and integrally combined with an elastic sheet capable of absorbing stress caused by shrinkage of the heat-insulating panel element at low temperature and a thin metal plate placed on the outer surface of the elastic sheet and integrally combined therewith and that a sealing means is applied to the longitudinal and transverse joint contact surfaces of the adjacent heat-insulating units.

Abstract: Elastomeric hose having relatively low thermal conductivity is provided comprising an outer tubular cover vulcanized to an inner tube, the outer cover being radially expanded and having a cellular or porous network formed therein. A braided or knitted reinforcing layer may be provided between the radially expanded cellular cover and the inner tube with the former being bonded or vulcanized to the latter through the interstices of the reinforcing layer. The elastomeric hose may be formed by a process wherein a first forming composition, including a thermosetable elastomer, is extruded to form an uncured inner tube which is then simultaneously introduced into a cross-head extruder with a second, separately prepared, forming composition including a thermosetable elastomer and a blowing agent.

Abstract: A strip is folded longitudinally around a tube to, thereby, establish an assembly of an inner and a concentric outer tube; individual slotted foam strips are placed in transverse orientation onto the strip just prior to folding; they will become spacers with V-shaped notches. Just prior to closing the outer split tube, foam is introduced into the ring space between the tubes which will spread freely through the notches.

Abstract: Thermoplastic tube part provided with a polyurethan foam layer with closed skin and containing an inorganic filler for reducing sound production during flow of water through such tube parts.

Abstract: A water screen displaying a variable filtration feature is provided wherein the water screen comprises a pipe length made of a compressible plastic material. The pipe length is provided with a plurality of inlet openings thereby permitting fluid located peripheral to the exterior surface of the pipe length to be transported through the inlet openings and at the same time filtering particulate matter and debris from the water.

Abstract: A hose that will withstand pressure and vacuum as well as resist kinking or collapsing in which the wall structure includes at least two radially spaced layers of monofilaments of textile material with a layer of elastomeric material separating the layers. Also at least one additional layer of a fabric of aramid fiber is included in the wall as additional reinforcement. Construction is of relative lighweight and may be readily adapted to a floating hose construction.

Abstract: A floating cargo hose for transporting fluid from a vessel having an excellent abrasion resistance and a unique distinct color of colored urethane is manufactured by wrapping a hose body in which is embedded a fibrous sheet or a spiral wire in rubber with a sponge layer having closed cells, covering the sponge layer with a first rubber cover in which is embedded a fibrous sheet and vulcanizing the rubber, treating the first rubber cover to promote adhesion and coating the thus treated first rubber cover with a liquid urethane rubber and curing the liquid urethane rubber to form a second cover.

Abstract: A double-walled, hermetically sealed structure with the cavity between the walls containing a polyurethane foam blown with a fluorinated hydrocarbon. During fabrication the cavity is evacuated to remove air and water vapor and then refilled with a fluorinated hydrocarbon.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of improving the heat transfer properties in boiling liquids of tubes and other surfaces by applying a very porous reticulated organic foam layer which has been precoated with graphite in contact with the tube surface, and then plating a thin metal coating on the foam substrate. Preferably, the tube is copper and the plating consists of an electroplated layer of copper which is applied over the conductive graphite coated foam. the foam is preferably in the form of a thin tape which is spirally wound about the tube. Pyrolyzation of the foam after plating improves the heat transfer performance of the tube. A method for applying the graphite to the foam is also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to improving the heat transfer properties in boiling liquids of tubes and other surfaces by applying a non-conductive very porous reticulated organic foam layer in contact with the tube surface, and then electroplating a metal coating on exposed portions of the tube to build up a matrix of metal through the porous portions of the foam layer. Preferably, the tube is copper and the plating consists of an electroplated layer of copper. The foam is preferably in the form of a thin tape which is spirally wound about the tube. Pyrolyzation of the foam after plating provides a network of interconnected pores in the metal matrix which improves the heat transfer performance of the tube. The plated tube may also be swaged.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of a hydrophilic acrylonitrile-containing polymer comprising admixing a solution of said polymer in 47% to 75%, preferably 50 to 72% concentrated HNO.sub.3, with solid particles of a substance insoluble in said acid solution and soluble in water, aqueous solutions of said substance being operative to precipitate said polymer from said HNO.sub.3, shaping the mixture of the dissolved polymer with said solid substance to a desired physical shape, coagulating said shaped polymer in an aqueous medium and washing said solid particles out from the coagulated polymer, and articles made therefrom.The added solid substance either may react with nitric acid forming a water-soluble nitrate, or it may remain in the mixture unchanged.

Abstract: A foam plastic layer is sprayed onto a metal pipe, whereafter a tape of polyethylene at the extrusion temperature is helically wound around the foam layer.

Abstract: A self-floating flexible pipe for use with off-shore petroleum installations, which includes an inner reinforced pipe for conducting fluids which is surrounded by a layer of cellular material for assuring permanent floatation of the pipe. In order to protect the cellular layer, an outer reinforcing sheathing formed of helically wound metallic cables embedded in a rubber layer is provided. These helically wound metallic cables are wound at a setting angle with respect to the longitudinal axis of the pipe in the range of 56.degree. to 68.degree. so as to minimize the effect of these armoring cables on the flexibility of the overall pipe construction. These armoring cables are also preferably resilient in a longitudinal direction, with preferred embodiments including undulated cables so as to further lessen the impact of these cables on the flexibility of the pipe. An outer covering layer of polychloroprene is provided on the rubber layer within which the cables are embedded for protecting this rubber layer.

Abstract: Method of manufacturing composite heat-insulating material, by stacking to a desired thickness pieces of aluminum foil adhesively secured to foam-forming ceramic material, filling the volume to be occupied by said heat-insulating layer or a vessel with the resulting stack, and heating it to cause foaming of said ceramic material.

Abstract: A buoyant fishing line is produced with foamed core surrounded by a filamentous line with or without being coated with a flexible surface layer.

Abstract: Method of preparing an insulated negative buoyancy conduit wherein a jacket is placed around the conduit and an insulating material comprising a porous filler and a resin-forming composition is positioned in the annulus between the jacket and the conduit.

Abstract: A hose that will withstand pressure and vacuum as well as resist kinking or collapsing in which the wall structure includes at least two radially spaced layers of monofilaments of textile material with a layer of elastomeric material separating the layers. Also at least one additional layer of a fabric of aramid fiber is included in the wall as additional reinforcement. Construction is of relative lightweight and may be readily adapted to a floating hose construction.