Abstract: A heated floor panel assembly for aircraft includes an impact layer made from a 2-D or 3-D woven high temperature thermoplastic fiber matrix impregnated with a resin. The impact layer can further include woven metallic fibers. The assembly also includes a stack of structural layers, a heating layer, and a core layer for absorbing shear stress.

Abstract: A method for weaving a three-dimensional preform includes the following steps: decomposing and determining performance requirements of different functional locations of the parts; selecting guide sleeves and fibers of each of the functional locations and designing a parameter; selecting guide sleeves and fibers of a transition area and designing a parameter, thereby implementing smooth transition of the transition area; determining a weaving sequence according to layouts of the guide sleeves and winding manners of the fibers in the functional locations and the transition area to generate a fiber iterative instruction for layer-by-layer weaving; arranging guide sleeves according to design requirements of the functional locations and the transition area to generate a guide sleeve array; and driving a weaving mechanism to select different fibers for subarea weaving layer by layer to obtain the three-dimensional preform having a gradient structure.

Abstract: The present disclosure is related to a showerhead including a housing, a turbine, and a shutter. The housing defines a fluid inlet and a chamber in fluid communication with the fluid inlet. The chamber includes a plurality of engagement teeth and defines outlets for a first nozzle bank and a second nozzle bank. The turbine is received in the chamber. The shutter is received in the chamber and rotatably coupled to the turbine such that rotation of the turbine causes movement of the shutter. The shutter includes a plurality of shutter teeth positioned around a perimeter of the shutter. Engagement of the shutter teeth and the engagement teeth act to restrict the shutter from rotating while allowing the shutter to move across the chamber in a sliding motion.

Abstract: A tape for a slide fastener includes warps and wefts. A yarn count of warps among yarns forming the fastener tape is set to 22-28 dTex. A weave density of the warps is set to 205-231 yarns/inch. A yarn count of wefts among the yarns forming the fastener tape is set to 81-87 dTex. A weave density of the wefts is set to 42-48 yarns/inch. The weft is a multifilament formed by bundling 33-39 monofilaments. According to one embodiment, the yarn count of the warps is set to 25 dTex, the weave density of the warps is set to 210-226 yarns/inch, the yarn count of the weft is set to 84 dTex, the weave density of the wefts is set to 43-46 yarns/inch, and the weft is a multifilament formed by bundling 36 monofilaments.

Abstract: Fabric may be woven using a needle weaving machine. The needle weaving machine may have three weft fiber needles and two hooks for holding weft fibers from the weft fiber needles. One of the weft fiber needles may provide weft fibers to multiple hooks when weaving fabric with warp fibers held in a V-shaped profile. An electronic device may have a rectangular footprint with four curved corners. A length of fabric may be woven to form a case having four curved corners that match the four curved corners of the electronic device. The case may have a C-shaped profile with parallel upper and lower fabric portions coupled by a sidewall. Short rows of weft fiber may be used around the corners of the case to ensure that the upper and lower portions of the fabric lie flush with planar front and rear surfaces of the electronic device.

Abstract: ABSTRACT This weaving machine (2) includes a structure (4) able to support a plurality of warp threads (16) extending in a first direction, a heddles mechanism (18) capable of selectively moving at least some of the plurality of warp threads (16) to form first and second sheets (28, 30) of warp threads, and at least one weft-thread feed spool (38). The weaving machine (2) also includes at least one support shuttle (44) for the feed spool and an actuating device (32) able to control a movement of the shuttle (44) between the first and second sheets (28, 30) of warp threads in at least one second direction transverse to the first direction, in both senses relative to the second direction, to continuously lay the weft thread (43) coming from the feed spool (38) between the sheets (28, 30) and in the second direction.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing multi-ply separable textured yarn, the method comprising, passing a multi-ply separable interlaced filament yarn through a texturizing unit to form a multi-ply separable draw textured yarn, wherein the multi-ply separable interlaced filament yarn is separable in to at least two separable interlaced filament yarn, wherein the interlacing of the filaments within each separable interlaced filament yarn is retained during further processing of the yarn to fabric and in the fabric.

Abstract: In a method for producing a rail-shaped hybrid component, in particular for an aircraft or spacecraft, a second rail component made of a titanium material is positioned on a first bar of a first profile rail that is made of a carbon-fiber reinforced plastic material and moved in an advancing direction, in a fixed position relative to the first profile rail, such that a bar portion of the first bar is arranged between a first connecting portion of the second rail component and a second connecting portion of the second rail component, and the second rail component is cohesively connected to the first profile rail. Furthermore, the hybrid component has a first profile rail made of a carbon-fiber reinforced plastic material and a second rail component made of a titanium material.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a three-dimensional lattice truss structure using flexible wires, including: arranging a plurality of out-of-plane wires; forming crossing portions between the plurality of out-of-plane wires; inserting a plurality of in-plane wires in the crossing portions; translating the plurality of in-plane wires in the z-direction; and inserting boundary rods in the y- or x-direction inside the plurality of out-of-plane wire groups.

Abstract: A fiber preform is formed by a fiber structure woven by three-dimensional weaving with a plurality of layers of warp yarns interlinked by weft yarns of a plurality of layers of weft yarns, the fiber preform having a first portion and a second portion that extend one another in the weft direction and that are at an angle to each other. In the fold zone and in each weft plane of the fiber structure, two weft yarns situated in a region adjacent to an outside face of the fiber structure situated on the inside of the corner present paths that cross, so that less curvature is imposed on these yarns.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device (1) for producing a curved preform (9) from flat semi-finished fiber material (8), comprising a shearing unit (2), which has at least two rotating rolling elements (3a, 4a), arranged spaced apart in a conveying direction (11), and a control unit (6) connected to the rolling elements, wherein at least one of the rolling elements is formed in a pivotal or tilting manner and a semi-finished fiber material sensing device (7) is provided, which is formed for sensing position information of the semi-finished fiber material conveyed through the shearing unit, wherein the control unit is further arranged for pivoting or tilting the at least one rolling element during the conveyance of the semi-finished fiber material, depending on the sensed position information from the semi-finished fiber material sensing device.

Abstract: A spacer knit fabric if formed with a first two-dimensional knit fabric layer and a second two-dimensional knit fabric layer. The first and the second two-dimensional knit fabric layers are interconnected via knitted spacer threads. The first two-dimensional knit fabric layer has openings formed by a plurality of stitches in each case. Threads of a first thread system, which forms the first two-dimensional knit fabric layer, are connected to each other solely by mutual intertwining. Channels are formed between the first and the second two-dimensional knit fabric layers that are free from spacer threads. The threads of a second thread system, which forms the second two-dimensional knit fabric layer, are connected to one another by intertwining and by at least partial fusion.

Abstract: An air-bag for a motor vehicle is formed from first and second superposed layers of fabric, each woven from a plurality of yarns. The layers of fabric are connected to each other at least partially through interweaving of the yarns of the two layers with each other. The air-bag includes at least one inflatable region, in which the two layers of fabric are substantially not connected to each other, and at least one non-inflatable region. There is a first number of crossing points of yarns that form the one layer of fabric, and there is a second number of connections between the two layers, wherein at each connection a yarn of the layer of fabric extends across to the other layer and passes over the far side of the a yarn of the other layer, and wherein the second number is no more than 0.0033 times the first number.

Abstract: A composite beam for a wind turbine blade includes a preform layer, the preform layer including multiple elongate strength rods arranged longitudinally relative to one another in a single layer, each strength rod being disposed adjacent to and spaced from at least one adjacent strength rod. Each strength rod has a rectangular cross section and includes multiple, substantially straight collimated structural fibers fixed in a solidified matrix resin. The preform layer includes at least one carrier layer to which the multiple strength rods are joined by an adhesive. The carrier layer spaces adjacent strength rods a fixed distance apart to facilitate the flow of liquid bonding resin between adjacent strength rods of the preform layer to its joined carrier layer, the carrier layer being of a permeable material suitable to facilitate the flow of liquid bonding resin through the carrier layer.

Abstract: Creating a ceramic matrix structure may include alternating different layers of fiber fabric to achieve porosity, infiltration, and/or other objectives. Different layers of the ceramic matrix structure may be configured differently to achieve different objectives in different regions of the ceramic matrix structure. The fiber tow spacing, fiber count and/or other characteristics may be varied within individual layers and/or among different layers of the ceramic matrix structure.

Abstract: The invention relates to a re-weaving machine (1) and re-woven tire cord fabric which enables to weave the defected tire cord fabrics (B) to be woven again without being damaged after finishing process, re-woven tire cord fabric. The objective of the present invention is to provide a reweaving machine (1) which allows weaving the tire cord fabrics (B) again without getting damaged even in tire cord fabrics (B) with high linear densities and high weft densities, and which has blades (10) that can be adjusted according to the different cord fabric features.

Abstract: The invention relates to a multilayered material sheet comprising a consolidated stack of unidirectional monolayers of drawn polymer, whereby the draw direction of two subsequent monolayers in the stack differs. At least one monolayer comprises a plurality of unidirectional tapes of the drawn polymer, aligned in the same direction, whereby adjacent tapes do not overlap. The invention also relates to a process for the preparation of the multilayered material sheet, and to a ballistic resistant article comprising the multilayered material sheet.

Abstract: A fiber preform of ?-shaped section, the preform including a base with a first face and an opposite second face, legs extending from the second face, and a fiber structure woven as a single piece by three-dimensional weaving with a plurality of layers of warp or weft yarns linked interlinked by weft or warp yarns in a plurality of layers of weft or warp yarns. In each plane of the preform, the weft or warp yarns of a first group of weft or warp yarns extend continuously through the base between two opposite edges thereof, and weft or warp yarns of a second group of weft or warp yarns extend continuously from an end of one of the legs to an end of the other leg, passing via the base, with the yarns of the first group and the yarns of the second group presenting two mutual crossings.

Abstract: A novel method and means for directly producing a variety of textile materials comprising tapes oriented in two opposite oblique orientations relative to the textile's length and width directions, called Oblique Fiber Textile (OFT), are disclosed. The described method and means for producing OFT provide secondary structural integrity/stability to OFTs, in addition to primary structural integrity/stability. The process is especially advantageous for producing OFTs comprising tapes, including Spread Fiber and Highly Drawn Polymeric types. Such OFTs are needed in a number of applications such as ballistic mitigation, composite materials, safety products etc. for their improved performance, functions and aesthetics. Several different types of OFTs are producible by the novel OFT forming process which is technically unlike weaving and braiding processes.

Abstract: A method of adjusting a resolution of a multidimensional imaging system includes taking a first hyperspectral snapshot by the multidimensional imaging system comprising a light processor comprising a plurality of optical fibers having a first end with an input spacing and a second end with an adjustable output spacing; adjusting the adjustable output spacing of the light processor to a new output spacing; and taking a second hyperspectral snapshot after adjusting the adjustable spacing of the multidimensional imagining system.

Abstract: Different weaving materials, apparatuses, and methods are provided for producing woven textiles having different functional and aesthetic characteristics as compared to woven textiles produced using conventional methods. The different weaving materials comprise reactive materials or combined materials produced by an intermittent splicer. The different apparatuses include finishing devices for introducing organically-shaped lateral edges and interior apertures, and three-dimensional effectors for introducing three-dimensional aspects into a product as it is being woven. Weaving methods include simultaneously weaving fine denier panels and coarse denier panels.

Abstract: An ultralight flat-weave fabric including more than one wefts and their directions that intersect with one another to form a particular angle in relation to the warp, and a warp. The weft and warp are supplied with fibers or fabrics having a cross-section in the form of a flat tape. In this way, it is possible to product a woven fabric in which two weft tapes having different directions are combined with the warp tape, such that stresses in six different directions are absorbed in a single fabric layer without multiple fabrics having to be overlapped. The woven fabric is completely covered, has a weight-to-surface area ratio of 2, and, as a result, is very light.

Abstract: Preforms including fiber reinforced nodes for use in fiber reinforced composite structures and methods for making fiber reinforced composite structures. Preforms with woven fabric elements extending radially from a common node include at least one reinforcing fiber interwoven between at least two elements and passing through the node. A method of assembling preform structures using the preforms to provide a structure with reinforced nodes.

Abstract: A multi-dimensional weaving shaping machine of composite materials, including: a guide template including a plurality of cylindrical guiders arranged according to the geometrical shape of a prefabricated member; an electrical control three-dimensional motion mechanism including: a control signal receiving terminal configured to receive motion control signals corresponding to the geometrical shape of the prefabricated member; and a three-dimensional motion output terminal configured to form a motion track according to the motion control signals; a weaving needle being connected with the three-dimensional motion output terminal and making weave fibers distribute among the cylindrical guiders according to the geometrical shape of the prefabricated member.

Abstract: A fabric (10) for use in composite materials having a reinforcing system (11) made of reinforcing warp threads (13) and reinforcing weft threads (14), which are placed on top of one other in two different reinforcing layers (16), (17). A binding system (12) of binding warp threads (20) and binding weft threads (21) is formed from a binding yarn (30) with a lower yarn count than the reinforcing yarn (15). The reinforcing system (11) is enclosed between the binding warp threads (20) on the one side and the binding weft threads (21) on the other side, and thus, held in place at binding points (22). At each binding point (22), a binding warp thread (20) is guided and held between a stationary warp thread (25) and a regular warp thread (24) of a warp thread pair (23) of binding warp threads (20). Between two adjacent binding points of a warp thread pair (23), the stationary warp thread (25) and the regular warp thread (24) have intersecting points (26).

Abstract: A method and apparatus for weaving a three-dimensional fabric involves inserting simultaneously a parallel weft yarns into the sheds between multiple warp yarn layers and selectively inserting at least one group of binder yarns between parallel spaced warp yarns. The group of binder yarns are moved relative to the warp yarns between weft insertions. The yarns may be moved between more than two positions relative to the warp yarns during weaving of the fabric so as to insert binder yarns. In one embodiment the binder yarns are moved such that they extend in a direction that is not orthogonal to the warp yarns.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a composite material part comprises fiber reinforcement densified by a matrix. The method comprises the following steps: making a fiber fabric by weaving yarns having an initial mean fiber percentage; and densifying the fiber fabric with a matrix. The fiber fabric is subjected, prior to densification, to one or more jets of water under pressure so as to reduce the mean fiber percentage in the fabric to a value lying in the range 20% to 45%.

Abstract: A three-dimensional woven fabric including front layer, rear layer, and light-shielding layer connecting front layer to rear layer and a method thereof are disclosed. The light-shielding layer is formed by repeatedly overlapping first, second, and third light-shielding layers with another light-shielding layer with adjacent ones among the first to the third light-shielding layers overlapped. The front layer includes front parts formed by weaving front layer wrap threads and weft threads, the front parts have front layer-connecting parts formed by sequentially and repeatedly weaving front layer wrapwrap threads and weft threads and light-shielding layer wrap threads, the rear layer includes rear layer-connecting parts formed by weaving sequentially and repeatedly the rear layer wrap threads and weft threads and light-shielding layer wrap threads.

Abstract: The loom includes a weaving area (18) into which weft threads are inserted into at least one upper channel and one lower channel, each of these weft threads being inserted between at least two warp threads by at least one weft insertion element: first element for focusing on one of these channels and determining the position of the warp threads relative to the weft thread, and second element for inserting at least one binding thread (16) above, between and below these channels. The loom includes at least one element for gripping the at least one binding thread and element for moving the at least one gripping element out of and into the weaving area (18) so as to place the at least one gripping element in contact with the at least one binding thread and to allow the drawing of the at least one binding thread.

Abstract: A method weaves pile fabrics with at least two different pile heights (a, b) in the same pile row, wherein the fabrics have weft threads, ground warp threads and pile-warp threads (1, 2), wherein these pile-warp threads are interlaced in the fabric, according to a pattern, in a figure-forming manner or are inwoven in a non-figure-forming manner, and which, when they are figure-forming, form pile with a well-defined pile height. The method includes a first set of pile warp threads, under light strain and at least a second set of pile warp threads under a higher strain. A device for manufacturing such fabrics is described.

Abstract: A method for producing a one-piece preform for a composite structure includes the following steps: positioning a plurality of bundles of warp threads over two pairs of harnesses; making movements of low amplitude of each of the pairs of harnesses so as to make at least two adjacent and separate layers; and making movements of higher amplitude of the pairs of harnesses so as to at least partially link the at least two adjacent layers to an least one portion of the preform.

Abstract: A fiber structure for reinforcing a composite material part, the structure being woven as a single piece by multilayer weaving between a first plurality of layers of yarns extending in a first direction and a second plurality of layers of yarns extending in a second direction. The second plurality of layers of yarns includes at least one layer of variable-weight yarns, each variable-weight yarn including a separable assembly of individual yarns, each having a determined weight. The fiber structure includes at least one portion of reduced thickness in which the variable-weight yarn presents a weight that is less than the weight that it presents prior to the reduced thickness portion.

Abstract: A method of making a fiber preform, and the preform, for fabricating a turbine engine blade out of composite material, the method including: making a single-piece fiber blank by three-dimensional weaving with layers of longitudinal yarns interlinked by yarns of layers of transverse yarns; and shaping the fiber blank to obtain a single-piece fiber preform including a portion forming an airfoil preform and at least one portion forming a platform preform. During weaving, yarns of a first group of longitudinal yarns are extracted from the fiber blank beside one of side faces of the blank to form a portion corresponding to a blade platform preform, and yarns of a second group of longitudinal yarns are inserted into the fiber blank with mutual crossing of the yarns of the first group and the yarns of the second group.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a multi-dimensional weaving shaping machine of composite materials, including: a guide template including a plurality of cylindrical guiders arranged according to the geometrical shape of a prefabricated member; an electrical control three-dimensional motion mechanism including: a control signal receiving terminal configured to receive motion control signals corresponding to the geometrical shape of the prefabricated member; and a three-dimensional motion output terminal configured to form a motion track according to the motion control signals; a weaving needle being connected with the three-dimensional motion output terminal and making weave fibers distribute among the cylindrical guiders according to the geometrical shape of the prefabricated member.

Abstract: A device for manufacturing a fabric has a plurality of automatically working apparatus arranged next to one another on at least one carrier for manufacturing a leno weave (a leno weave apparatus). Two leno threads are fed to each leno weave apparatus. The device has at least one weft thread picking device; wherein the weft thread is introduced into the shed of leno threads raised by a plurality of leno weave apparatus. The weft thread is bound using at least two leno threads at a plurality of points behind the weft thread over the width of the fabric. At least one of the leno weave apparatus arranged in the end region of the fabric carries out a higher number of interlacings for achieving a homogenized warp tension distribution over the width of the fabric; and/or the lowering of the shed is carried out by the leno weave apparatus over the width of the fabric at different times for achieving a homogenized warp tension distribution.

Abstract: A textile structure for the reinforcement of a polymer material The invention relates to textile structure (100) for the reinforcement of a polymer material. The textile structure comprises in a first direction a number of bundles arranged in mutual substantially parallel position. The bundles comprise n metal filaments. The bundles have a main axis and a non-circular cross-section. For each of the bundles, the n metal filaments of a particular bundle are arranged predominantly parallel with the main axis of this particular bundle. The structure further comprises elongated positioning elements (106) to hold the bundles in mutual substantially parallel position and to hold the n metal filaments of a particular bundle predominantly parallel with the main axis of the bundle. The invention further relates to a method of manufacturing such a textile structure and to the use of a textile structure for the reinforcement of a polymer material.

Abstract: A method of producing a fiber preform, including forming a weaved preform fabric with a connection zone and multiple layers extending therefrom, each layer having an edge attached to the connection zone with a remainder of the layers extending freely from each other and from the connection zone, the attached edges being parallel and adjacent one another, each of the layers having a weaved structure including warp yarns extending at least substantially parallel to the attached edges and weft yarns extending at least substantially perpendicularly to the warp yarns, deforming at least one of the layers along a direction at least substantially parallel to the warp yarns until the weft yarns thereof have a corresponding desired orientation with respect to the warp yarns, and attaching the layers together away from the attached edges. A method of forming a weaved preform fabric for a fiber preform is also discussed.

Abstract: A three-dimensional woven fabric including front layer, rear layer, and light-shielding layer connecting front layer to rear layer and a method thereof are disclosed. The light-shielding layer is formed by repeatedly overlapping first, second, and third light-shielding layers with another light-shielding layer with adjacent ones among the first to the third light-shielding layers overlapped. The front layer includes front parts formed by weaving front layer wrap threads and weft threads, the front parts have front layer-connecting parts formed by sequentially and repeatedly weaving front layer wrap threads and weft threads and light-shielding layer wrap threads, the rear layer includes rear layer-connecting parts formed by weaving sequentially and repeatedly the rear layer wrap threads and weft threads and light-shielding layer wrap threads.

Abstract: Energy absorbing fabrics that are generally flat and that have a controllable and significant elongation distance. The fabrics are comprised of elongation yarns, such as partially oriented yarns (POY), and binder yarns, where the elongation yarns and the binder yarns have various weave-in percentages depending on the desired amount of elongation. In certain embodiments, because they are generally flat, the energy absorbing fabrics are suitable for use in retractors. Also provided are processes of manufacturing generally flat, energy absorbing fabrics.

Abstract: A textile fabric, sleeve formed therefrom, and methods of construction thereof are provided. The fabric forms an elongate wall constructed from lengthwise extending warp yarns woven with widthwise extending weft yarns. At least some of the warp yarns are electrically conductive and have a first diameter. The weft yarns have a second diameter that is at least 25 percent less than the first diameter of the warp yarns. As such, the conductive warp yarns are brought into closer proximity with one another than if the weft yarns were the same diameter as the warp yarns. Accordingly, the ability of the fabric and sleeve formed therewith to provide shielding protection against EMI is enhanced.

Abstract: A seat-belt strap for a seat-belt system in a motor vehicle has a woven fabric consisting of warp threads and weft threads. The seat-belt strap is woven alternately with a 1/2 twill weave and a 2/1 twill weave across at least part of its width.

Abstract: A weave of composite material has a first weave and an X weave combined with the first weave. The X weave has multiple latitudinal fibers, multiple longitudinal fibers, and a woven center. Each longitudinal fiber is layered on two of the latitudinal fibers and then is woven through and layered under two of the latitudinal fibers. The longitudinal fibers are each woven by shifting in relative alignment position from one of the latitudinal fibers sequentially and woven radially with respect to a woven center, such that the longitudinal fibers form an X woven structure. Therefore, the intensity of the weave of composite material can be enhanced by the X weave with the X woven structure.

Abstract: An X weave of composite material has multiple latitudinal fibers, multiple longitudinal fibers, and a woven center. Each longitudinal fiber is layered on two of the latitudinal fibers and then is woven through and layered under two of the latitudinal fibers. The longitudinal fibers are each woven by shifting in relative alignment position from one of the latitudinal fibers sequentially and woven radially with respect to the woven center, such that the longitudinal fibers form an X woven structure. Therefore, the intensity of the X weave can be enhanced by the X woven structure.

Abstract: A wrappable textile sleeve and method of construction thereof is provided. The wrappable textile sleeve includes an elongate wall extending along a longitudinal axis between opposite ends with lengthwise extending edges extending parallel or substantially parallel with the longitudinal axis between the opposite ends. The wall is woven from lengthwise extending warp yarns and circumferentially extending weft yarns. The weft yarns form a plurality of discrete annular bands, with adjacent bands having weft yarns of different diameters to provide the wall with discrete enhanced hoop strength regions and with discrete enhanced flexibility regions, where the enhanced hoop strength and enhanced flexibility regions alternate in adjacent relation with one another.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an electronic-dobby-and-jacquard-loom weaving machine and a weaving method. The machine comprises a weaving body, a first warp beam, a second warp beam, a jacquard loom, a dobby loom, a harness frame, a plurality of first harness wires, a plurality of second harness wires, a plurality of harness cords, a plurality of return springs and at least one weft accumulator, wherein the weaving body and the jacquard loom are connected with a synchronous transmission mechanism between them; the synchronous transmission mechanism comprises a weaving spindle, a main motor encoder, a jacquard loom transmission shaft, a jacquard loom encoder, a gear box and a servo control system. The present invention improves the clarity of the fell (shed), widens the fell, keeps the fell clear stably, and realizes high-density jacquard weaving.

Abstract: The present invention relates to flame retardant fabrics and safety apparel, especially yarn used for high flame resistant safety apparel fabric, the yarn uses a cheese method; the yarn is used to weave fabric. The fabric as described contains at least 60% high flame resistant modacrylic fiber, after cheese dyeing, weave the fabric, the safety apparel use this fabric will not continue to burn after leaving the fire, will no melt and will not cause the wearer secondary injury, comply with the relevant standards of the European Union, the United States, and China.

Abstract: A medical balloon with a variable diameter that is reinforced with continuous fibers woven to form a fabric with a varying number of layers and fiber densities. Portions of the balloon having a relatively smaller diameter are reinforced with a fabric having a reduced fiber density and an increased number of layers to facilitate the placement of the layers. The fabric also includes a braiding pattern that facilitates the transition from a single layer fabric to a multiple layer fabric. Also described is a manufacturing method for the braiding and layering.

Abstract: A turf reinforcement fabric and a method for producing such a fabric by weaving a plurality of filaments in a predetermined pattern to form a three-dimensional structure formed to have a loft thickness without the application of heat to heat shrink the fibers, and/or formed with one or more fibers of increased thickness at peaks and valleys of the woven structure, and/or incorporating flame retardant and/or UV stabilizing fiber additives.

Abstract: Loom configurations and methods for efficiently manufacturing unique spiral-shaped fabrics. The loom introducing two weft yarn segments in the form of a continuous loop in each shed may be configured with one or two weft needles and is equipped with a knitting system to form a knitted selvedge along the outside circumference of the fabric. The knitted edge is used as reference to form weft yarn loops of different lengths. The opposite weft yarn loops are permanently secured around selected warp yarns. Alternatively intermediate length weft yarn loops may be created where the extremity of the loop is not bound to any warp yarn. Fiber architectures may be designed and woven which exhibit uniform fiber volume across the width of the fabric. Fiber architectures with greater fiber volume along the outside circumference of the fabric may also be prepared.

Abstract: Fabric strap having at least two different segments. The first segment is wider and less elastic, providing a comfortable contacting area to the skin and the other segment is narrower and more elastic which is aesthetically more pleasing and easier for applying sewing process in the garment production. Preferably, the first segment is a sealed tubular structure and contains internally free-floating yarns, making it exert less stress to the skin and thus more comfortable to the wearer. In addition, the different segments of the strap are made in a single integral weaving process and thus is conducive to industry automation.