Heat Treating Patents (Class 148/27)
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Patent number: 11174557Abstract: Materials and a process for forming a protective oxide coating. The high temperature coating system (108) includes at least a thermal barrier coating layer (104) and a thermally stable, deposit resistant protective layer (106) on the thermal barrier coating layer (104).Type: GrantFiled: January 30, 2018Date of Patent: November 16, 2021Assignee: Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KGInventors: Anand A. Kulkarni, Atin Sharma
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Patent number: 11152195Abstract: A MgO-based ceramic film according to the present invention contains crystalline phases of MgO and MgAl2O4, and Al is dissolved in the MgO to form a solid-solution. The ceramic film exhibits a diffraction peak representing the (200) plane of MgO at an angle 2? of more than 42.92° in CuK? XRD measurement. A shoulder preferably appears on the higher angle side of the peak representing the (200) plane of MgO. The mass ratio MgO/Al2O3 of MgO to Al2O3 converted from Mg and Al in terms of oxides is preferably higher than 2.33.Type: GrantFiled: December 21, 2016Date of Patent: October 19, 2021Assignee: NGK Insulators, Ltd.Inventors: Yosuke Sato, Katsuhiro Inoue, Yuji Katsuda
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Patent number: 10391417Abstract: In order to eliminate liquid accumulation occurring between a gas-liquid mixing part and a vaporization part to stably perform liquid feeding to the vaporization part and vaporization in the vaporization part, a liquid material vaporization apparatus includes: a gas-liquid mixing part adapted to mix a liquid material and gas to produce a gas-liquid mixture; and a vaporization part adapted to heat the gas-liquid mixture to vaporize the liquid material. In addition, the gas-liquid mixing part has a gas-liquid mixture lead-out pipe for leading out the gas-liquid mixture, the vaporization part has a heating flow path HS for heating the gas-liquid mixture, and a lead-out port of the gas-liquid mixture lead-out pipe is arranged in the heating flow path HS.Type: GrantFiled: December 7, 2016Date of Patent: August 27, 2019Assignee: HORIBA STEC, Co., Ltd.Inventors: Taketoshi Ito, Masaki Inoue
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Patent number: 8468693Abstract: A dielectric device has a first conductor and a dielectric disposed thereon. An intermediate region is formed between the first conductor and dielectric. In the intermediate region, an additive different from the first conductor and dielectric and the dielectric are mixed with each other. The additive contains at least one element of Si, Al, P, Mg, Mn, Y, V, Mo, Co, Nb, Fe, and Cr.Type: GrantFiled: August 25, 2010Date of Patent: June 25, 2013Assignee: TDK CorporationInventors: Tomohiko Katoh, Kenji Horino, Yuko Saya
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Patent number: 8313834Abstract: To provide a core for reactor capable of reducing the eddy current loss and improving the direct current superposition characteristics, a manufacturing method thereof, and a reactor. A core for reactor M is obtained by press molding metallic magnetic particles coated with an insulating coated film, and the metallic magnetic particles have the following compositions: (1) the mean particle size is 1 ?m or more and 70 ?m or less; (2) the variation coefficient Cv which is a ratio (?/?) of the standard deviation (?) of the particle size and the mean particle size (?) is 0.40 or less; and (3) the degree of circularity is 0.8 or more and 1.0 or less. On the outside of the insulating coated film, at least one of a heat-resistance imparting protective film and a flexible protective film is further provided as a outer coated film.Type: GrantFiled: September 10, 2008Date of Patent: November 20, 2012Assignee: Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd.Inventors: Atsushi Sato, Toru Maeda
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Patent number: 7658995Abstract: A nickel powder exhibits superior oxidation behavior, reduction behavior and sintering behavior in a production process for a multilayer ceramic capacitor and is suitable for the capacitor; a production method therefor is also provided. The nickel powder, which may be used as a raw material, is treated with a sulfur-containing compound, and the sulfur-containing compound is coated on the surface thereof, or alternatively, a nickel-sulfur compound layer is formed on the surface thereof.Type: GrantFiled: June 13, 2005Date of Patent: February 9, 2010Assignee: Toho Titanium Co., Ltd.Inventor: Mitsugu Yoshida
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Publication number: 20090220698Abstract: Rare earth compositions comprising nanoparticles are described along with various nanotechnology applications of such nanoparticles. The compositions of the nanomaterials discussed may include scandium (Sc), yttrium (Y), lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), praseodymium (Pr), neodymium (Nd), promethium (Pm), samarium (Sm), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), terbium (Tb), dysprosium (Dy), holmium (Ho), erbium Er), thulium (Tm), ytterbium (Yb), and lutetium (Lu).Type: ApplicationFiled: February 2, 2009Publication date: September 3, 2009Applicant: PPG Industries Ohio, Inc.Inventor: Tapesh Yadav
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Patent number: 7501081Abstract: A nanostructured monolithic titanium boride (TiB) material and methods of forming such a material are disclosed and described. This material has a room-temperature four-point flexural strength about three times that of commercially available titanium diboride (TiB2). The achievement of nanostructured internal microstructural arrangement having a network of interconnected titanium monoboride whiskers affords a very high strength to this material above some of the best ceramic materials available in the market. The material contains a small amount of titanium and a densifier, but it is largely made of TiB phase with substantially no TiB2. The nanostructured monolithic titanium boride material can be formed by high temperature processing of a powder precursor having carefully selected weight and size distributions of titanium powder, titanium diboride powder, and densifier powder.Type: GrantFiled: January 25, 2007Date of Patent: March 10, 2009Assignee: University of Utah Research FoundationInventor: K. S. Ravi Chandran
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Publication number: 20090039477Abstract: In the silicon nitride substrate concerning an embodiment of the invention, degree of in-plane orientation fa of ? type silicon nitride is 0.4-0.8. Here, degree of in-plane orientation fa can be determined by the rate of the diffracted X-ray intensity in each lattice plane orientation in ? type silicon nitride. As a result of research by the inventors, it turned out that both high fracture toughness and high thermal conductivity are acquired, when degree of in-plane orientation fa was 0.4-0.8. Along the thickness direction, both the fracture toughness of 6.0 MPa·m1/2 or higher and the thermal conductivity of 90 W/m·K or higher can be attained.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 14, 2006Publication date: February 12, 2009Applicant: Hitachi Metals, Ltd.Inventors: Youichirou Kaga, Hiromi Kikuchi, Hisayuki Imamura, Junichi Watanabe
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Patent number: 7459105Abstract: A nanostructured monolithic titanium boride (TiB) material and methods of forming such a material are disclosed and described. This material has a room-temperature four-point flexural strength about three times that of commercially available titanium diboride (TiB2). The achievement of nanostructured internal microstructural arrangement having a network of interconnected titanium monoboride whiskers affords a very high strength to this material above some of the best ceramic materials available in the market. The material contains a small amount of titanium, but it is largely made of TiB phase with substantially no TiB2. The nanostructured monolithic titanium boride material can be formed by high temperature processing of a powder precursor having carefully selected weight and size distributions of titanium and titanium diboride powders. Potential applications of this material can include wear resistant components such as die inserts for extrusion dies, nozzles, armor, electrodes for metal refining etc.Type: GrantFiled: July 7, 2005Date of Patent: December 2, 2008Assignee: University of Utah Research FoundationInventor: K. S. Ravi Chandran
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Patent number: 7435304Abstract: There are provided a coating composition for siliconizing, and a method for manufacturing a high silicon electrical steel sheet using the same. The coating composition includes: a Fe—Si-based composite compound sintered powder having a grain size of ?325 mesh and containing 20-70% silicon by weight; and a colloidal silica solution containing 15-30 part by weight of silica solid matter with respect to 100 part by weight of the sintered powder.Type: GrantFiled: November 11, 2003Date of Patent: October 14, 2008Assignee: POSCOInventors: Kyu-Seung Choi, Jong-Soo Woo
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Patent number: 6899768Abstract: The present invention is related to a magnesium oxide particle aggregate with the requirement of a first inflection point diameter is more than 0.30×10?6 to 0.60×10?6 m, a particle void volume is 0.50×10?3 to 0.90×10?3 m3·kg?1, and a micropore volume is 0.04×10?3 to 0.11×10?3 m3·kg?1 in the cumulative intrusion volume curve of said particle by having controlled particle aggregation structure so that the solid phase-solid phase reaction between magnesium oxide and the SiO2 film on the surface can be appropriately controlled.Type: GrantFiled: October 25, 2001Date of Patent: May 31, 2005Assignee: Tateho Chemical Industries Co., Ltd.Inventors: Atsuo Toutsuka, Yutaka Hiratsu
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Patent number: 6835250Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a magnesium oxide particle aggregate having a controlled particle aggregation structure so that the solid phase-solid phase reaction between magnesium oxide and the SiO2 film on the surface can be appropriately controlled. The object can be achieved by a magnesium oxide particle aggregate characterized in that a first inflection point diameter is 0.30×10−6 m or less, an interparticle void volume is 1.40×10−3 to 2.20×10−3 m3/kg and a particle void volume is 0.55×10−3 to 0.80×10−3 m3/kg in a cumulative intrusion volume curve of the particle aggregate.Type: GrantFiled: October 29, 2002Date of Patent: December 28, 2004Assignee: Tateho Chemical Industries Co., Ltd.Inventors: Yutaka Hiratsu, Toshio Kiyokawa, Atsuo Toutsuka
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Publication number: 20040079444Abstract: Novel iron sulfides having excellent durability and excellent treating properties of heavy metals, processes for producing the iron sulfides, iron sulfide mixture, a heavy metal treating agent containing either of these novel iron sulfides as an effective component, and a method by which wastes containing various heavy metals are treated with the heavy metal treating agent are disclosed. The iron sulfide having a mackinawite structure which contains FeMxNySz wherein M represents an alkaline earth metal, N represents an alkali metal, and x, y and z, indicating the molar proportions of the respective elements, represent numbers satisfying 0.01<x≦0.5, y≦0.2 and 0.7≦z≦1.4, as an essential component.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 24, 2003Publication date: April 29, 2004Applicant: TOSOH CORPORATIONInventors: Hajime Funakoshi, Mitsuru Takahashi
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Publication number: 20040040627Abstract: The present invention is related to a magnesium oxide particle aggregate with the requirement of a first inflection point diameter is more than 0.30×10−6 to 0.60×10−6 m, a particle void volume is 0.50×10−3 to 0.90×10−3 m3·kg−1, and a micropore volume is 0.04×10−3 to 0.11×10−3 m3·kg−1 in the cumulative intrusion volume curve of said particle by having controlled particle aggregation structure so that the solid phase-solid phase reaction between magnesium oxide and the SiO2 film on the surface can be appropriately controlled.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 24, 2003Publication date: March 4, 2004Inventors: Atsuo Toutsuka, Yutaka Hiratsu
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Publication number: 20030188806Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing a grain-oriented silicon steel sheet not having inorganic mineral films by using an annealing separator capable of preventing the inorganic mineral films composed of forsterite (Mg2SiO4), and so on, from forming during final annealing, comprising the steps of decarburization annealing followed by coating of annealing separator and final annealing, wherein alumina powder calcined at a calcination temperature of 900 to 1,400° C., or further having a BET specific surface area of 1 to 100 m2/g, an oil absorption of 1 to 70 ml/100 g, and/or having a gamma ratio of 0.001 to 2.0, is used as the annealing separator. Magnesia having a BET specific surface area of 0.5 to 5 m2/g may be added to said alumina powder.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 20, 2002Publication date: October 9, 2003Inventors: Hiroyasu Fujii, Yoshiyuki Ushigami, Shuichi Nakamura, Kenichi Murakami, Norihiro Yamamoto, Kiyoshi Sawano, Shuichi Yamazaki
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Publication number: 20030136467Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a magnesium oxide particle aggregate having a controlled particle aggregation structure so that the solid phase-solid phase reaction between magnesium oxide and the SiO2 film on the surface can be appropriately controlled. The object can be achieved by a magnesium oxide particle aggregate characterized in that a first inflection point diameter is 0.30×10−6 m or less, an interparticle void volume is 1.40×10−3 to 2.20×10−3 m3/kg and a particle void volume is 0.55×10−3 to 0.80×10−3 m3/kg in a cumulative intrusion volume curve of the particle aggregate.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 29, 2002Publication date: July 24, 2003Inventors: Yutaka Hiratsu, Toshio Kiyokawa, Atsuo Toutsuka
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Patent number: 6554609Abstract: Nanostructured non-stoichiometric non-equilibrium materials are disclosed. Novel electromagnetic materials and their applications are discussed. More specifically, the specifications teach the use of nanotechnology and nanostructured materials for developing novel electrical devices and products.Type: GrantFiled: May 17, 2002Date of Patent: April 29, 2003Assignee: NanoProducts CorporationInventors: Tapesh Yadav, Roger Dirstine, John Alexander
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Publication number: 20020104590Abstract: A method of treating a surface of a stacked aluminum alloy ingot during a heating process. Spacer blocks are positioned adjacent aluminum alloy ingots to form a stack, wherein the spacer block has a support surface contacting a contact surface of the aluminum alloy ingot, and at least one of the support surface and the contact surface include a fluorine containing material. The stack is heated to at least a temperature at which the fluorine containing material decomposes or vaporizes such that a layer of a fluorinated oxide compound is formed at the interfaces between the ingots and the spacer blocks.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 13, 2000Publication date: August 8, 2002Inventors: Joseph P. Harenski, Roger W. Kaufold, Brian J. Morrissey, Robert L. Shadwick, Larry F. Wieserman
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Publication number: 20020029826Abstract: Disclosed herein is a surface treatment agent for steel, characterized in that, said agent contains 0.1-15% by mass of chromium sulfate and 10-40% by mass of a binder resin containing butyral resin or a mixture of butyral resin with another resin which is compatible with butyral resin.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 2, 2001Publication date: March 14, 2002Inventors: Hirofumi Kishikawa, Masato Yamashita, Atsumu Kanda, Hiroshi Ono
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Publication number: 20010004048Abstract: A method for manufacturing a metal composite strip for the production of electrical contact components. A film made of tin or a tin alloy is first applied onto an initial material made of an electrically conductive base material. A film of silver is then deposited thereonto. Copper or a copper alloy is preferably used as the base material. The tin film can be applied in the molten state, and the silver film by electroplating. Furthermore, both the tin film and the silver film can be deposited by electroplating. A further alternative provides for manufacturing the tin film in the molten state and the silver film by cathodic sputtering. The diffusion operations which occur in the coating result in a homogeneous film of a tin-silver alloy. This formation can be assisted by way of a heat treatment of the composite strip.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 30, 2001Publication date: June 21, 2001Inventors: Udo Adler, Klaus Schleicher
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Patent number: 6074494Abstract: This invention aims to provide a nitriding method of forming a relatively thick nitride layer on the surface of an aluminum material containing silicon, and an auxiliary agent for nitriding. By using a nitriding auxiliary agent mainly comprising aluminum containing a metal such as lithium or boron, which has a high bonding strength with oxygen, coexists with silicon to form substantially no silicide, or a nitriding auxiliary agent mainly comprising an Al--Mg--Cu alloy or an Mg--Zn--Cu alloy, heat treatment is applied by nitrogen gas with the aluminum material to be nitrided contacted with the nitriding auxiliary agent. Hence, a thick nitride layer can be easily formed even on the surface of an aluminum material containing silicon, and this is most suitable to surface nitride aluminum-silicon alloys, which possess superior castability.Type: GrantFiled: June 2, 1997Date of Patent: June 13, 2000Assignees: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha, Toyo Aluminium Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Hirohisa Miura, Yasuhiro Yamada, Haruzo Katoh
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Patent number: 5685920Abstract: Disclosed is an annealing separator for production for grain-oriented electrical steel sheet, containing one or more compound selected from the following general formula;?Mg.sub.1-x M.sup.3+.sub.x !O ?Mg.sub.1-x M.sup.2+.sub.x !O or ?Mg.sub.1-x M.sup.2+.sub.x1 M.sup.3+.sub.x2 !OwhereM.sup.2+ is at least one bivalent element selected from the group consisting of Be, Ca, Ba, Sr, Sn, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn;M.sup.3+ is at least one tervalent element selected from the group consisting of Al, Fe, Cr, Co, B, Ti, Sb;0.01.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.0.40; x=x1+x2This annealing separator having a lower melting point and higher degree of reactivity is applied on the decarburization annealed strip, and improves the properties of the glass film, especially uniform film appearance and good sealing effect, and magnetic properties.Type: GrantFiled: May 12, 1995Date of Patent: November 11, 1997Assignee: Nippon Steel CorporationInventors: Osamu Tanaka, Maremizu Ishibashi, Tsuyoshi Hamaya, Tsutomu Haratani, Tomoji Kumano, Koji Yamasaki, Akira Sakaida, Chihiro Sakurai, Hotaka Honma
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Patent number: 5629251Abstract: A ceramic coating-forming agent of an Mg-M.sup.3+ -O based two-component oxide solid solution capable of forming a ceramic coating excellent in heat resistance, adhesion to a substrate metal, electric insulation and the properties of low thermal expansion, at a low temperature, the agent containing an Mg-M.sup.3+ -O based two-component oxide solid solution of the formula (1),(Mg.sub.1-x M.sup.2+.sub.x).sub.1-y M.sup.3+.sub.y O (1)wherein M.sup.2+ is at least one divalent metal selected from the group consisting of Ca.sup.2+, Mn.sup.2+, Fe.sup.2+, Co.sup.2+, Ni.sup.2+, Cu.sup.2+ and Zn.sup.2+, M.sup.3+ is at least one trivalent metal selected from the group consisting of Al.sup.3+, Mn.sup.3+, Fe.sup.3+, Co.sup.3+, Ni.sup.3+, Ti.sup.3+, Bi.sup.3+ and Cr.sup.3+, x is a number in the range of 0.ltoreq.x<0.5 and y is a number in the range of 0<y<0.5, or an anionic oxide-dispersed Mg-M.sup.3+ -O based two-component oxide solid solution of the formula (2),(Mg.sub.1-x M.sup.2+.sub.x).sub.1-y M.sup.3+.sub.Type: GrantFiled: May 23, 1995Date of Patent: May 13, 1997Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha Kaisui Kagaku KankyujoInventor: Shigeo Miyata
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Patent number: 5453109Abstract: A method for the preparation of a salt mixture useful for hardening steel parts, including of potassium cyanate, potassium carbonate and sodium carbonate, wherein 2.2 to 2.3 moles of urea is first reacted with 1 mole of potassium carbonate to form potassium cyanate. The escaping ammonia is converted with formaldehyde into hexamethylenetetramine. The reaction product, which is potassium cyanate and potassium carbonate, is ground, mixed with powdered sodium carbonate and pressed at between 80.degree. and 230.degree. C. into shaped pieces.Type: GrantFiled: July 13, 1994Date of Patent: September 26, 1995Assignee: Durferrit GmbH ThermotechnikInventors: Peter Schalke, Eberhard Mueller, Matthias Kremer, Georg Wahl
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Patent number: 5364476Abstract: A variable gas generator is disclosed which is capable of producing a wide variety of product gas compositions heretofore produced only by either exothermic gas generators or endothermic gas generators or a combination of gas generators. The variable gas generator includes a nitrogen membrane module producing a nitrogen-oxygen feed gas which is combined with a hydrocarbon fuel and fed into a conventional endothermic gas generator. By controlling the nitrogen membrane module to produce a desired oxygen-nitrogen feed gas and by controlling the addition of methane and the catalyst bed temperature of the gas within the endothermic generator, a wide variety of product gas composition with carbon potential varying anywhere from one to 80% combustibles can be produced.Type: GrantFiled: November 8, 1993Date of Patent: November 15, 1994Assignee: Surface Combustion, Inc.Inventors: Ralph P. Poor, Michael J. Huber
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Patent number: 5330813Abstract: A patch for preventing carburization, nitriding or oxidation comprises:a film comprising a heat-fusible or heat-meltable particulate material having an anti-carburizing, anti-nitriding or anti-oxidizing effect and a heat-decomposable resin as a binder; anda heat-resistant silicone pressure sensitive adhesive, which is decomposed at a carburizing, nitriding or oxidizing temperature, provided on one side of the film.Type: GrantFiled: February 22, 1993Date of Patent: July 19, 1994Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha Nard KenkyushoInventors: Kouichi Hirooka, Kouichi Ito, Susumu Tanabe
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Patent number: 5192373Abstract: Decarburized grain oriented silicon steel is provided with an annealing separator which forms a glass film after the final high temperature anneal. The magnesia used as the annealing separator has a total chlorine level of 0.01 to 0.20% by weight based on the weight of magnesia with at least 0.01% metal chloride selected from the group of Mg, Ca, Na and K. The chloride addition acts to seal the coating surface during the final anneal to control diffusion and stabilize the secondary grain growth. The glass film which forms during the anneal may be laser scribed for domain refinement without coating damage. The magnesia may also contain additions of phosphates, TiO.sub.2, SiO.sub.2, Cr and B. The temperature of the magnesia is maintained below 25.degree. C. to control hydration and eliminate the need for other additives in the magnesia slurry to control hydration.Type: GrantFiled: April 12, 1991Date of Patent: March 9, 1993Assignee: Armco, Inc.Inventors: Wade S. Wright, Robin A. Murphy
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Patent number: 5173124Abstract: Increased cooling rate of an article heated to an elevated temperature is achieved by flowing an inert gas mixture of helium and another inert gas over the article under conditions of turbulent flow.Type: GrantFiled: June 18, 1990Date of Patent: December 22, 1992Assignee: Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.Inventors: William J. Baxter, Paul T. Kilhefner, III, Charles E. Baukal, Jr.
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Patent number: 5022935Abstract: A process for the deoxidation of a refractory metal containing minor concentrations of oxygen is disclosed. In this process the refractory metal is contacted with a metallic deoxidant in a dry, inert atmosphere. The metallic deoxidant and the refractory metal are heated to at least liquefy the metallic deoxidant and at least partially deoxidize the refractory metal. The refractory metal is thereafter cooled and contaminants on its surface are removed.Type: GrantFiled: February 22, 1990Date of Patent: June 11, 1991Assignee: RMI Titanium CompanyInventor: Richard L. Fisher
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Patent number: 5011548Abstract: For making a ductile boron-containing grain-oriented silicon steel, there is practiced, at a late stage in the making of the product either during the final texture anneal or a subsequent anneal, a high-temperature anneal in a reducing atmosphere with the use of a separating-agent coating, particularly magnesium oxide, which contains an effective amount of a compound of molybdenum and/or tungsten.Type: GrantFiled: July 28, 1988Date of Patent: April 30, 1991Assignee: Allegheny Ludlum CorporationInventor: Douglas C. Dean
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Patent number: 4810532Abstract: Hydrogenated boron-silicon alloy films having unexpected properties permitting in one embodiment the bonding together of metal and ceramic substrates by coating the surfaces to be bonded with the film mating the surfaces and heat treating the mated surfaces to expell hydrogen therefrom and to react to resulting boron-silicon alloy film with the substrates to form a liquid reaction product which forms a surface bond with the substrates or is at least partially absorbed in the substrates. In another embodiment, at least one surface of an intermetallic compound formed from elements selected from groups III and V of the periodic table is sealed against structural degradation by forming on the surface a solid boron-silicon-hydrogen alloy film. In still another embodiment, metal and organic resin substrates are protected against attack by water vapor, dissociated oxygen and molecular oxygen by forming a solid boron-silicon-hydrogen alloy film on the substrates.Type: GrantFiled: May 31, 1988Date of Patent: March 7, 1989Assignee: Lockheed Missiles & Space Company, Inc.Inventors: Henry W. Lavendel, John C. Robinson
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Patent number: 4775430Abstract: For improving the properties of a glass film on a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet, the annealing separator applied on a decarburized steel sheet is prepared by: calcining at a high temperature to reduce the activity thereof; hydrating only on the outermost layer of MgO particles; and adding a Ti, B, or S compound to MgO.Type: GrantFiled: December 19, 1986Date of Patent: October 4, 1988Assignee: Nippon Steel CorporationInventors: Osamu Tanaka, Hiroshi Sato
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Patent number: 4746376Abstract: A method and composition for stopping-off nitrogen and/or carbon diffusion into metal surfaces. The composition, which is a mixture of a refractory material selected from the group of zirconium and aluminosilicate, sodium silicofluoride and sodium silicate, is coated onto the metal surface where diffusion is to be prevented. The mixture is cured and the metal part is subjected to elevated temperatures for carburizing, nitriding, or carbonitriding. The coating prevents nitrogen and/or carbon diffusion at the coated area. After treatment the coating is removed.Type: GrantFiled: October 22, 1986Date of Patent: May 24, 1988Assignee: Kolene CorporationInventor: Charles M. Bessey
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Patent number: 4666535Abstract: A method is provided for improving core-loss values of grain-oriented silicon steel after final texture annealing by boronizing the steel to levels of 0.001 to 0.009 wt. % after applying a boron-containing material to the final texture annealed steel, heating to 1850.degree. to 2200.degree. F., maintaining the steel at such temperature to infuse boron into other steel, and cooling the steel at a rate of 100.degree. F./hour or less.Type: GrantFiled: April 15, 1986Date of Patent: May 19, 1987Assignee: Allegheny Ludlum CorporationInventor: James G. Benford
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Patent number: 4647318Abstract: A method of solution heat treating aluminum alloys, especially aluminum-lithium alloys, by immersing the alloy article in a chloride based neutral salt bath rather than in the conventionally used nitrate based salt bath. A chloride based bath, at least in certain controlled situations, produces an effective solution heat treatment but without the staining and corrosive reaction often encountered with the nitrate based salt baths. A chloride based salt comprising 55% potassium chloride, 40% lithium chloride, and 5% sodium chloride is found to be particularly effective.Type: GrantFiled: October 3, 1985Date of Patent: March 3, 1987Inventor: Robert W. Foreman
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Patent number: 4632708Abstract: An annealing separator used in a finishing annealing step for producing a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet usually contains magnesia. The present invention is characterized by including, based on 100 parts by weight of magnesia, from 0.2 to 20 parts by weight of ferromanganese nitride or manganese nitride which consists of a composition (Mn.sub.1-x Fe.sub.x)N.sub.y having x and y values corresponding to A, B, C, and D and falling within a region surrounded by A, B, C, and D shown in the appended FIG. 1.The annealing separator according to the present invention is effective for stabilizing secondary recrystallization and improving the properties of a forsterite film.Type: GrantFiled: April 4, 1986Date of Patent: December 30, 1986Assignee: Nippon Steel CorporationInventors: Toyohiko Konno, Yozo Suga, Motoharu Nakamura, Hajime Komatsu
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Patent number: 4595425Abstract: An organic polymer containing composition suitable for use as a quenchant having incorporated therein a non-nitrite inhibitor system, which comprises an aromatic compound having at least one substituent nitro group and/or the water soluble organic or inorganic salt thereof and a hydroxy substituted mono aromatic carboxylic acid and/or the water soluble organic or inorganic salt thereof. In another embodiment a pH adjustment agent capable of providing an initial pH of at least 7.5 is also present.Type: GrantFiled: March 29, 1985Date of Patent: June 17, 1986Assignee: Union Carbide CorporationInventor: Ronald H. Harding
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Patent number: 4591397Abstract: A non-cyanide molten salt bath composition and process for the carburization of objects made of ferrous metals or alloys are provided. The composition comprises a molten salt mixture, at a temperature in the range of 900.degree. C. to 1050.degree. C., of an alkali metal chloride or a mixture of alkali metal chlorides; an activator consisting of an oxygen containing strontium or barium salt; and a graphite cover. The process comprises immersing the ferrous metal or alloy part in the molten mixture at a temperature in the range of 900.degree. C. to 1050.degree. C.Type: GrantFiled: February 26, 1985Date of Patent: May 27, 1986Assignee: Heatbath CorporationInventors: William C. Jones, Kenneth R. Britt, Isaac L. Newell
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Patent number: 4582547Abstract: A method for producing an annealing separator coating on grain oriented silicon steel prior to final texture annealing to improve the coating uniformity and prevent oxidation of the steel surface during this annealing operation. The method comprises coating the steel with a conventional coating, such as magnesium oxide, having an addition of an inert, high temperature refractory annealing separator agent, preferably calcined alumina.An annealing separator composition is also provided.Type: GrantFiled: May 7, 1984Date of Patent: April 15, 1986Assignee: Allegheny Ludlum Steel CorporationInventor: LeRoy R. Price
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Patent number: 4571273Abstract: In a process of heating and cooling charges in batch-process industrial furnaces, particularly in a process of cooling coils of steel wire or strip steel in bell-type annealing furnaces, the charge is heated and cooled in contact with circulated protective gas. The cooling time is shortened and the power input to the circulating fan is reduced by changing the composition of the protective gas so as to decrease the specific gravity of the protective gas just before the beginning of the cooling period and/or during the cooling period.Type: GrantFiled: June 26, 1984Date of Patent: February 18, 1986Assignee: Ebner-Industrieofenbau Ing. Josef Ebner KGInventor: Peter Ebner
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Patent number: 4543134Abstract: The present invention provides an annealing separator comprising from 0.05 to 2.0 parts by weight of antimony sulfate based on 100 parts by weight of magnesium oxide, and at least one chloride selected from the group consisting of Sb, Sr, Ti, and Zr chlorides in a chlorine amount of from 5 to 20% by weight based on 100% of the chloride and antimony sulfate, and occasionally comprises Ti oxide in an amount of from 0.5 to 10 parts.The annealing separator is applied on the decarburization annealed strip, and improves both the magnetic properties and properties of glass film, in the production of a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet.Type: GrantFiled: November 2, 1984Date of Patent: September 24, 1985Assignee: Nippon Steel CorporationInventors: Osamu Tanaka, Shozaburo Nakashima, Takashi Nagano, Tomoji Kumano, Yoshitaka Hiromae
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Patent number: 4539053Abstract: A pack composition is disclosed for case hardening a ferrous metal to initially diffuse boron into the surface thereof and subsequently diffuse boron and silicon into the surface thereof. The pack composition comprises an amorphous boron, a silicon material, an alkyli earth, and a carbon bearing compound with the last named compound including a barium carbonate, a calcium carbonate and a hardwood charcoal and coke mixture.Type: GrantFiled: August 27, 1984Date of Patent: September 3, 1985Assignee: Dresser Industries, Inc.Inventor: William L. Aves, Jr.
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Patent number: 4533403Abstract: A pack composition is disclosed for case hardening a ferrous metal to initially diffuse carbon into the surface thereof and subsequently diffuse boron into the surface. The pack composition comprises a boron material and a carburizing compound with the last named compound including a barium carbonate, a calcium carbonate and a hardwood charcoal and coke mixture.Type: GrantFiled: September 17, 1984Date of Patent: August 6, 1985Assignee: Dresser Industries, Inc.Inventors: William L. Aves, Jr., Gary A. Aves
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Patent number: 4509993Abstract: It is known to regenerate salt baths for nitriding parts of iron and steel with polymers of organic materials, which polymers, however, could not be used in carburizing salt baths since with them there only are formed slight amounts of carburizing active cyanide, the baths foam, and carbon residues are formed. An excellent regeneration agent for carburizing salt baths is obtained by using polymeric organic compounds of the overall composition [C.sub.6 H.sub.x N.sub.y ].sub.z where x is 3 to 5, y is 5 to 8, and z is 10 to 10,000. These compounds are obtained by reacting formaldehyde with cyanamide and/or dicyandiamide and/or melamine and pyrolytically decomposing the reaction product at 300.degree. to 600.degree. C.Type: GrantFiled: December 29, 1983Date of Patent: April 9, 1985Assignee: Degussa AktiengesellschaftInventors: Hans-Hermann Beyer, Ulrich Baudis, Peter Biberbach
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Patent number: 4473412Abstract: A process for annealing steel strip comprising dipping the strip in a molten glass bath maintained 950.degree. C. or higher to anneal it, taking the strip out of the bath to form coagulated glass coatings on the surfaces of the strip and cooling the strip to destroy and peel off the coatings. The bath comprises 38.0 to 62.0% of B.sub.2 O.sub.3, 18.0 to 32.0% of SiO.sub.2, 18.0 to 32.0% of Na.sub.2 O partly replaceable with K.sub.2 O, up to 10.0% of CaO partly replaceable with MgO, BaO, ZnO and/or SrO, up to 6.0% of Li.sub.2 O, up to 10.0% of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and 0.5 to 4.0% of NaF, and has a viscosity not exceeding 200 poises as measured at 950.degree. C. The strip is preferably not exposed to air while above 400.degree. C.Type: GrantFiled: February 4, 1983Date of Patent: September 25, 1984Assignee: Nisshin Steel Co., Ltd.Inventors: Shigeaki Maruhashi, Takayoshi Kanamaru, Hiroto Matsumoto, Kousuke Sawashige
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Patent number: 4457788Abstract: This invention relates to non-abrasive, lubricative, particulate solids, e.g. graphites, lime, calcium oxides, zinc oxides and compounds of higher saturated fatty acids, particularly, stearate salts, and their methods of use as fluidized bed media for preventing clinging and related carryover problems. Preferably, fluidized bed media, selected in accordance with this invention, have a beneficial effect on subsequent process operations.Type: GrantFiled: March 1, 1982Date of Patent: July 3, 1984Assignee: Procedyne Corp.Inventors: Herbert K. Staffin, Robert Staffin
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Patent number: 4441937Abstract: Bath for the quenching of ferrous and nonferrous metals and their alloys, comprising a hydrogenated starch hydrolysate having, expressed with respect to the dry matter, a percentage of products of degree of polymerization 1 and 2 comprised between 1 and 90, the complement to 100 being constituted by products of degree of polymerization equal to or higher than 3.Type: GrantFiled: July 20, 1983Date of Patent: April 10, 1984Assignee: Roquette FreresInventors: Serge Gosset, Michael Huchett
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Patent number: 4396439Abstract: A method is provided for the recovery and recycle of nitrate and nitrite salts present in environmentally hazardous chloride containing quench bath solids, comprising the steps of leaching the solids with hot water to provide an aqueous leachate that depletes the hot water soluble content of the solids, clearing the resulting aqueous leachate of solids, and recycling it while hot into a fused quench bath.Type: GrantFiled: August 21, 1981Date of Patent: August 2, 1983Assignee: Park Chemical CompanyInventor: Robert W. Foreman
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Patent number: 4367100Abstract: A process for producing grain oriented electromagnetic silicon steel. The process includes the steps of: preparing a melt of silicon steel having, by weight, from 2.5 to 4.0% silicon; casting the steel; hot rolling the steel; cold rolling the steel; decarburizing the steel; applying a substantially non-reactive aluminum hydroxide coating to the steel; and final texture annealing the steel. The annealed steel being characterized by a substantially uniform metallic surface.Type: GrantFiled: October 15, 1979Date of Patent: January 4, 1983Assignee: Allegheny Ludlum Steel CorporationInventor: Clarence L. Miller, Jr.