Abstract: Provided herein is a high-strength seamless steel pipe containing a particular chemical composition. The volume fraction of tempered martensite is 90% or more in terms of a volume fraction. The number of nitride inclusions with a particle diameter of 4 ?m or more is 50 or less per 100 mm2, the number of nitride inclusions with a particle diameter of less than 4 ?m is 500 or less per 100 mm2, the number of oxide inclusions with a particle diameter of 4 ?m or more is 40 or less per 100 mm2, and the number of oxide inclusions with a particle diameter of less than 4 ?m is 400 or less per 100 mm2 in a cross section perpendicular to a rolling direction.

Abstract: A high-strength seamless steel pipe for oil country tubular goods comprising, by mass %, C: 0.20% to 0.50%, Si: 0.05% to 0.40%, Mn: 0.3% to 0.9%, P: 0.015% or less, S: 0.005% or less, Al: 0.005% to 0.1%, N: 0.006% or less, Mo: more than 1.0% to 3.0% or less, V: 0.01% to less than 0.05%, Nb: 0.001% to less than 0.01%, B: 0.0003% to 0.0030%, O: 0.0030% or less, and Ti: 0.003% to 0.025%, and wherein Ti/N: 2.0 to 5.0 is satisfied, a volume fraction of a tempered martensitic is 95% or more, prior austenite grains have a grain size number of 8.

Abstract: A high-strength seamless steel pipe for oil country tubular goods comprising, by mass %, C: 0.20% to 0.50%, Si: 0.05% to 0.40%, Mn: more than 0.6% to 1.5% or less, P: 0.015% or less, S: 0.005% or less, Al: 0.005% to 0.1%, N: 0.006% or less, Mo: more than 1.0% to 3.0% or less, V: 0.05% to 0.3%, Nb: 0.001% to 0.020%, B: 0.0003% to 0.0030%, O: 0.0030% or less, and Ti: 0.003% to 0.025%, and wherein Ti/N: 2.0 to 5.0 is satisfied, a volume fraction of a tempered martensitic is 95% or more, prior austenite grains have a grain size number of 8.

Abstract: A production method for smelting clean steel from full-scrap steel using duplex electric arc furnaces. Electric arc furnaces located in two positions are connected in series, wherein the electric arc furnace in a first position is dephosphorization electric arc furnace, and the electric arc furnace in a second position is a decarbonization electric arc furnace. The production method includes: performing smelting by combining a decarbonization electric arc furnace and 1-3 dephosphorization electric arc furnaces; a specific process of performing the smelting includes: in a charging period of the 1-3 dephosphorization electric arc furnaces, adding the full-scrap steel for the smelting, lime, slag in the decarbonization electric arc furnace, auxiliary materials and carbon powder or a carbon block into the dephosphorization electric arc furnace.

Abstract: A steel sheet for soft-nitriding has a composition containing: C: 0.05% or more to 0.10% or less; Si: 0.5% or less; Mn: 0.7% or more to 1.5% or less; P: 0.05% or less; S: 0.01% or less; Al: 0.01% or more to 0.06% or less; Cr: 0.5% or more to 1.5% or less; V: 0.03% or more to 0.30% or less; and N: 0.005% or less, on a mass percent basis, wherein a ratio of amount of solute V to the V content (amount of solute V/V content) is more than 0.50, and balance comprises Fe and incidental impurities, and a complex-phase microstructure containing ferrite and pearlite.

Abstract: Low-alloy oil-well steel pipe includes a composition consisting, in mass %, of C: 0.40 to 0.65%, Si: 0.05 to 0.50%, Mn: 0.10 to 1.00%, P: 0.020% or less, S: 0.0020% or less, Cu: 0.15% or less, Cr: 0.40 to 1.50%, Mo: 0.50 to 2.50%, V: 0.05 to 0.25%, Ti: 0 to less than 0.01%, Nb: 0.01 to 0.2%, sol. Al: 0.010 to 0.100%, N: 0.006% or less, B: 0 to 0.0015%, and Ca: 0 to 0.003%, the balance being Fe and impurities. The structure has tempered martensite and 0 to less than 2% volume ratio of retained austenite. A grain size number of prior-austenite grain in the structure is 9.0 or more. An equivalent circular diameter of a sub-structure surrounded by a boundary having a crystal orientation difference of 15° or more from a packet boundary, a block boundary and a lath boundary is 3 ?m or less for the tempered martensite.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a high strength stainless steel tube or pipe includes using an online heat treatment equipment line for a seamless steel tube or pipe in which a heating furnace for quenching, equipment for quenching, and a tempering furnace are used in the lower process of a rolling line, arranging cooling facilities capable of cooling a heat treated steel tube or pipe to a temperature of 20° C. or lower between the equipment for quenching and the tempering furnace, and cooling the heat treated steel tube or pipe to a temperature of 20° C. or lower before a tempering treatment is performed.

Abstract: A cold-rolled steel sheet containing: in mass %, C: 0.0005 to 0.0045%; Mn: 0.80 to 2.50%; Ti: 0.002 to 0.150%; B: 0.0005 to 0.01%, in which (1) Expression is satisfied, and a balance being composed of iron and impurities, in which at the position of ¼ thickness of a sheet thickness, a random intensity ratio (A) of the {332}<110> orientation is 3 or less, a random intensity ratio (B) of the {557}<9 16 5> orientation and a random intensity ratio (C) of the {111}<112> orientation are both 7 or more, and {(B)/(A)?5} and {(B)>(C)} are satisfied.

Abstract: A superconductive wire material substrate which is formed such that a surface roughness Ra of one surface is 10 nm or less, and a surface roughness Ra of an other surface is larger than the surface roughness Ra of the one surface, and is 8 nm or more and less than 15 nm, between the surface roughnesses Ra of both surfaces of the superconductive wire material substrate.

Abstract: A dual phase stainless steel pipe includes tensile yield strength YSLT of 689.1 MPa to 1000.5 MPa in a pipe axis direction of the dual phase stainless steel pipe, in which the tensile yield strength YSLT, a compressive yield strength YSLC in the pipe axis direction, a tensile yield strength YSCT in a pipe circumferential direction of the dual phase stainless steel pipe, and a compressive yield strength YSCC in the pipe circumferential direction satisfy all Expressions (1) to (4), 0.90?YSLC/YSLT?1.11??(1) 0.90?YSCC/YSCT?1.11??(2) 0.90?YSCC/YSLT?1.11??(3) 0.90?YSCT/YSLT?1.11??(4).

Abstract: A high strength galvanized steel sheet has a composition including, C: 0.02% or more and 0.30% or less, Si: 0.01% or more and 2.5% or less, Mn: 0.1% or more and 3.0% or less, P: 0.003% or more and 0.08% or less, S: 0.01% or less, Al: 0.001% or more and 0.20% or less, Ti: 0.03% or more and 0.40% or less and the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities, and a zinc-coated layer having a coating weight per surface of 20 g/m2 or more and 120 g/m2 or less. The concentration ratio of C to Ti (C/Ti) in a portion within 10 ?m from the surface of the base steel sheet is 0.8 or more and 1.5 or less, and the total amount of oxides of one or more selected from Fe, Si, Mn, P, Al and Ti formed in a surface portion within 100 ?m from the surface of the base steel sheet is 0.05 g/m2 or less.

Abstract: A hot stamped steel according to the present invention satisfies an expression of (5×[Si]+[Mn])/[C]>11 when [C] represents an amount of C by mass %, [Si] represents an amount of Si by mass %, and [Mn] represents an amount of Mn by mass %, a metallographic structure after hot stamping includes 40% to 90% of a ferrite and 10% to 60% of a martensite in an area fraction, a total of an area fraction of the ferrite and an area fraction of the martensite is 60% or more, a hardness of the martensite measured with a nanoindenter satisfies an H2/H1<1.10 and ?HM<20, and TS×?, which is a product of a tensile strength TS and a hole expansion ratio ? is 50000 MPa·% or more.

Abstract: When the amount of C, the amount of Si and the amount of Mn are respectively represented by [C], [Si] and [Mn] in unit mass %, the cold rolled steel sheet satisfies a relationship of (5×[Si]+[Mn])/[C]>10, the metallographic structure contains, by area ratio, 40% to 90% of a ferrite and 10% to 60% of a martensite, further contains one or more of 10% or less of a pearlite by area ratio, 5% or less of a retained austenite by volume ratio and 20% or less of a bainite by area ratio, the hardness of the martensite measured using a nanoindenter satisfies H20/H10<1.10 and ?HM0<20, and TS×? representing the product of TS that is a tensile strength and ? that is a hole expansion ratio is 50000 MPa·% or more.

Abstract: A steel pipe with excellent expandability, comprising, by mass %, C: 0.1 to 0.45%, Si: 0.3 to 3.5%, Mn: 0.5 to 5%, P: less than or equal to 0.03%, S: less than or equal to 0.01%, soluble Al: 0.01 to 0.8% (more than or equal to 0.1% in case Si content is less than 1.5%), N: less than or equal to 0.05%, O: less than or equal to 0.01%, and balance being Fe and impurities, having a mixed microstructure comprising ferrite and one or more selected from fine pearlite, bainite and martensite, and having a tensile strength of more than or equal to 600 MPa and a uniform elongation satisfying following formula (1). This steel pipe, having the above described chemical composition, can be obtained, for example, by being heated at temperatures from 700 to 790° C., then being forced-cooled down to a temperature of lower than or equal to 100° C. with the cooling rate of greater than or equal to 100° C./min at the temperature from 700 to 500° C. u-el?28?0.

Abstract: There is provided an austenitic stainless steel pipe excellent in steam oxidation resistance. The austenitic stainless steel pipe excellent in steam oxidation resistance contains, by mass percent, 14 to 28% of Cr and 6 to 30% of Ni, and is configured so that a region satisfying the following Formula exists in a metal structure at a depth of 5 to 20 ?m from the inner surface of the steel pipe: (?/?)×?/?×100?0.3 where the meanings of symbols in the above Formula are as follows: ?: sum total of the number of pixels of digital image in region in which orientation difference of adjacent crystals detected by electron backscattering pattern is 5 to 50 degrees ?: the number of total pixels of digital image in region of measurement using electron backscattering pattern ?: analysis pitch width of electron backscattering pattern (?m) ?: grain boundary width (?m).

Abstract: A heat treatment technique may include heating an alloy component to a temperature above a transition temperature of the alloy or heating an alloy component to a temperature below the transition temperature of the alloy. The heat treatment technique further may include cooling a first portion of the alloy component at a first cooling rate, and cooling a second portion of the alloy component at a second cooling rate different than the first rate. The first cooling rate may result in formation of a plurality of first precipitate phase domains comprising a first average size in the first portion, and the second cooling rate may result in formation of a plurality of second precipitate phase domains comprising a second average size in the second portion. The average size of the first precipitate phase domains may be different than the average size of the second precipitate phase domains.

Abstract: An induction heat treatment method with which temperature control is enabled, condition setting is easy, and the quality of a treatment object can be stabilized includes: a data acquiring step of heating and quench-hardening a sample of the treatment object to thereby acquire process data; a storing step of storing the process data; a checking step of checking the power supply output transition data and the quenching timing data as to validity based on the temperature transition data stored in the storing step; and a mass production step of performing heat treatment of the treatment object in accordance with the power supply output transition data and the quenching timing data stored in the storing step and checked as to validity in the checking step.

Abstract: A process for producing surface conditioned aluminum castings, comprising a step of applying to aluminum castings an alkaline surface conditioning liquid containing at least one organic builder and/or one chelating agent, wherein the alkaline surface conditioning liquid used in the step has a surface conditioning activity (CD; mol/l) in the range of 0.05?CD?2.3 and a coefficient of gloss (CE; g/mol) in the range of 2.8?CE?90.

Abstract: A process for heat treating a component formed of an alloy. The process includes manipulating uniaxial strain test data of the alloy using a triaxiality factor to determine an equivalent multiaxial stress state. Conditions are then applied to the multiaxial stress state to identify a cooling path for the component. The cooling path includes boundaries for heat treatment temperatures and cooling rates that do not exceed predetermined stresses or strains and/or avoid predetermined residual stress patterns in the alloy. The component is then heated to a heat treatment temperature and quenched according to the cooling path identified in the applying step.

Abstract: In an aspect the disclosure relates to an alloy comprising, by weight, about 0.15% to about 1.00% zinc, 0% to about 0.20% gallium, and the balance aluminum and incidental elements and impurities, wherein the alloy has a corrosion potential from about ?0.85 V to about ?0.73 V relative to a saturated calomel electrode.

Abstract: An apparatus for and method of conditioning a thermally activated shape memory alloy wire for use in an application, wherein the apparatus includes an adjustable hard-stop and the preferred method includes pre-determining a minimum activating current, allowable strain, and a loading magnitude and form based on the wire configuration and application, and further includes applying a double-exponential model to determine a final recoverable strain over fewer cycles.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the continuous heat treatment of steel strip material whose thickness d1, d2 periodically varies along its length, more particularly of strip flexibly rolled with a roll gap varying as a function of time, wherein the continuous heat treatment of the strip material takes place while the strip material passes through an induction furnace in which the strip material is induction heated at a constant frequency which can be selected to be such that the mathematical induction depth ? of the induced current up to which the magnetic field has been reduced to 63% of the field strength of the outer field is greater than half the thickness of the strip portions with the smallest thickness d2.

Abstract: Steel sheet having a composition of ingredients containing substantially, by mass %, C: 0.005 to 0.200%, Si: 2.50% or less, Mn: 0.10 to 3.00%, N: 0.0100% or less, Nb: 0.005 to 0.100%, and Ti: 0.002 to 0.150% and satisfying the relationship of Ti?48/14×N?0.0005, having a sum of the X-ray random intensity ratios of the {100}<001> orientation and the {110}<001> orientation of a ? sheet thickness part of 5 or less, having a sum of the maximum value of the X-ray random intensity ratios of the {110}<111> to {110}<112> orientation group and the X-ray random intensity ratios of the {211}<111> orientation of 5 or more, and having a high rolling direction Young's modulus measured by the static tension method and a method of production of the same are provided.

Abstract: A method and computer program for the control of the heat treatment of batches of metal workpieces for increasing the degree of automation of industrial furnace plants presumes an identical batch layout, an identical treatment program, and an identical article geometry of metal workpieces and relates it to a model batch, which has been run using batch thermoelements. The model batch becomes the foundation for a new batch. Through the assumption of program parameters of the actually run process of the model batch into the program of the new batch to be run, new batch thermoelements are not required for the new batch to be run.

Abstract: A seamless steel tube contains 0.15% to 0.50% C, 0.1% to 1.0% Si, 0.3% to 1.0% Mn, 0.015% or less P, 0.005% or less S, 0.01% to 0.1% Al, 0.01% or less N, 0.1% to 1.7% Cr, 0.4% to 1.1% Mo, 0.01% to 0.12% V, 0.01% to 0.08% Nb, and 0.0005% to 0.003% B or further contains 0.03% to 1.0% Cu on a mass basis and has a microstructure which has a composition containing 0.40% or more solute Mo and a tempered martensite phase that is a main phase and which contains prior-austenite grains with a grain size number of 8.5 or more and 0.06% by mass or more of a dispersed M2C-type precipitate with substantially a particulate shape.

Abstract: Steel sheet having a composition of ingredients containing substantially, by mass %, C: 0.005 to 0.200%, Si: 2.50% or less, Mn: 0.10 to 3.00%, N: 0.0100% or less, Nb: 0.005 to 0.100%, and Ti: 0.002 to 0.150% and satisfying the relationship of Ti?48/14×N?0.0005, having a sum of the X-ray random intensity ratios of the {100}<001> orientation and the {110}<001> orientation of a ? sheet thickness part of 5 or less, having a sum of the maximum value of the X-ray random intensity ratios of the {110}<111> to {110}<112> orientation group and the X-ray random intensity ratios of the {211}<111> orientation of 5 or more, and having a high rolling direction Young's modulus measured by the static tension method and a method of production of the same are provided.

Abstract: This invention discloses an L,R,C method and equipment for casting amorphous, ultracrystallite and crystallite metal slabs or other shaped metals. A workroom (8) with a constant temperature of tb=?190° C. and a constant pressure of pb=1 bar, and liquid nitrogen of ?190° C. and 1.877 bar is used as a cold source for cooling the casting blank. A liquid nitrogen ejector (5) ejects said liquid nitrogen to the surface of ferrous or non-ferrous metallic slabs or other shaped metals (7) with various ejection quantity v and various jet velocity k. Ejected liquid nitrogen comes into contact with the casting blank at cross section c shown in FIG. 2. This method adopts ultra thin film ejection technology, with a constant thickness of said film at 2 mm and ejection speed Kmax of said liquid nitrogen at 30 m/s.

Abstract: Nowadays, the production of metallic parts, namely sheet metal, with high strength and formability, represents a big challenge for automotive, aerospace and assembling industries. The present invention deals with a new plastic deformation process that allows, by controlling the strain path change, the production of sheet metals with a grain size of 1-2 micron and, consequently, with a yield stress 3-4 times than the ones obtained with conventional processes, keeping the same formability. The process is easy for industrialization and its optimization requires only two fundamental parameters that characterize the ratio of thickness reduction, shear strain and amplitude in the change of strain path.

Abstract: A method for controlling the cooling of a steel sheet characterized by controlling the end-of-cooling temperature in a cooling process from the Ae3 or above temperature of the steel sheet, during which; preliminarily obtaining enthalpies (H? and H?) of an austenite phase and ferrite phase respectively at some temperature, obtaining a gynamic enthalpy (Hsys) defined by formula (1) with an untransformed fraction (X?) of austenite in accordance with a target temperature pattern, predicting the temperature by using a gradient of this dynamic enthalpy with respect to temperature as a dynamic specific heat and controlling the cooling of the steel sheet: Hsys=H?(X?)+H?(1?X?).

Abstract: A steel sheet excellent in mechanical strength, workability and thermal stability and suited for use as a raw material in such fields of manufacturing automobiles, household electric appliances and machine structures and of constructing buildings, and a manufacturing method thereof. are provided. The steel sheet is a hot-rolled steel sheet of carbon steel or low-alloy steel, the main phase of which is ferrite, and is characterized in that the average ferrite crystal grain diameter D (?m) at the depth of ¼ of the sheet thickness from the steel sheet surface satisfies the relations respectively defined by the formulas (1) and (2) given below and the increase rate X (?m/min) in average ferrite crystal grain diameter at 700° C. at the depth of ¼ of the sheet thickness from the steel sheet surface and said average crystal grain diameter D (?m) satisfy the relation defined by the formula (3) given below: 1.2?D?7??formula (1) D?2.7+5000/(5+350.C+40.Mn)2??formula (2) D·X?0.

Abstract: A thermal treatment process for an article of a cast or wrought aluminum-silicon alloy with an eutectic phase. The process comprises a rapid heating of the article to an annealing temperature of 400° C. to 555° C. and maintaining the article at this temperature for a not more than 14.8 minutes.

Abstract: An austenitic steel sheet excellent in resistance to delayed cracking, the composition of said steel comprising, in weight: 0,35%<C<1,05%, 15%<Mn<26%, Si<3%, Al<0,050%, S<0,030%, P<0,080%, N<0,1%, at least one metallic element X chosen among vanadium, titanium, niobium, molybdenum, chromium: 0,050%<V<0,50%, 0,040%?Ti<0,50%, 0,070%<Nb<0,50%, 0,14%<Mo<2%, 0,070%<Cr<2% and optionally, one or several elements chosen among 0,0005%<B<0,010%, Ni<2%, Cu<5%, the remainder being iron and unavoidable impurities inherent to fabrication, including hydrogen, the quantity Xp of said at least one metallic element under the form of carbides, nitrides or carbonitrides being, in weight: 0,030%<VP<0,40%, 0,030%<Tip<0,50%, 0,040%<Nbp<0,40%, 0,14%<Mop<0,44%, 0,070%<Crp<0,6%, the hydrogen content IImax designating the maximal hydrogen content that can be measured from a series of at least five specimens, and the quantity Xp, in weight, b

Abstract: The invention concerns in particular a method for purifying an input mixture comprising carbon dioxide (CO<SUB>2</SUB>) and carbon monoxide (CO), to eliminate the carbon monoxide contained in said mixture, which consists in contacting, at a temperature higher than room temperature, the input mixture with a purifying material comprising at least one metal oxide, so as to bring about the reduction of the purifying material by the input mixture, leading to oxidization of at least part of the CO of the input mixture into CO<SUB>2</SUB>. The invention also concerns a gaseous chilling method and installation integrating such a purifying operation.

Abstract: A method of restrained-quenching of an annular member, that can readily ensure a sufficient effect of restraint, increase treatment efficiency of a quench hardening treatment, and suppress production cost of the annular member, includes a heating step, a first cooling step, a restraint step, and a second cooling step. In the heating step, a bearing ring formed as the annular member is heated to a temperature not lower than an A1 point. In the first cooling step, the bearing ring is cooled to a first cooling temperature not higher than an MS point. In the restraint step, the bearing ring is restrained with a restraint member. In the second cooling step, the bearing ring is cooled to a second cooling temperature lower than a restraint start temperature while it remains restrained.

Abstract: An induction heat treatment method with which temperature control is enabled, condition setting is easy, and the quality of a treatment object can be stabilized includes: a data acquiring step of heating and quench-hardening a sample of the treatment object to thereby acquire process data; a storing step of storing the process data; a checking step of checking the power supply output transition data and the quenching timing data as to validity based on the temperature transition data stored in the storing step; and a mass production step of performing heat treatment of the treatment object in accordance with the power supply output transition data and the quenching timing data stored in the storing step and checked as to validity in the checking step.

Abstract: An apparatus for and method of conditioning a thermally activated shape memory alloy wire for use in an application, wherein the apparatus includes an adjustable hard-stop and the preferred method includes pre-determining a minimum activating current, allowable strain, and a loading magnitude and form based on the wire configuration and application, and further includes applying a double-exponential model to determine a final recoverable strain over fewer cycles.

Abstract: A sliding surface 4A of a shoe 4 undergoes laser radiation in a shape of a large number of parallel lines to form a large number of swollen portions 6 and to form concave portions 7 in adjacent positions thereof. The swollen portions 6 and the inner side thereof become direct hardening portions 11 with high hardness and the concave portions 7 and the inner side thereof become double hardening portions 12, which are lower in hardness than the swollen portions 6. After the laser hardening, the sliding surface 4A undergoes wrapping up to a position of an imaginary line 15 to delete relief to form a flat and smooth plane. Thereafter the sliding surface 4A undergoes buffing. Thereby, portions with low hardness are chipped off more largely than portions with high hardness to form a large number of minute irregularities on the sliding surface 4A (see FIG. 6). A large number of minute irregularities is formed uniformly on the sliding surface 4A of the shoe 4 and lubrication oil will be introduced thereinto.

Abstract: A technique for evaluation of the strength of a spot welded portion of a panel is provided. A stress value at the welded portion of the panel is calculated by a stress analysis according to a FEM using the elements, and then the strength of the welded portion is evaluated based on the stress value at the welded portion. A portion in the proximity of the spot welded portion is divided, with a central portion of the spot welded portion registered with a nodal point of the elements, into a central element and plural concentric ring-like elements from the center side provided by the central portion of the spot welded portion. Thereafter, the plural concentric ring-like elements are individually divided in a circumferential direction each into a plurality of portions to form the elements. Then, the strength is evaluated based on the stress value of the second ring-like element.

Abstract: A method of characterizing phase transformations of a shape memory material specimen entails recording data from the specimen during heating and cooling. The temperature of the specimen is changed in a first direction to a first temperature sufficient to define a first inflection and a second inflection in the data being recorded. The temperature of the specimen is changed in a second direction to a second temperature sufficient to define a third inflection in the data. The third inflection is formed by overlapping primary and secondary sub-inflections. The temperature of the specimen is changed in the first direction to a third temperature sufficient to define the first inflection but not sufficient to define the second inflection. The temperature of the specimen is then changed in the second direction to a fourth temperature sufficient to define the secondary sub-inflection in the data being recorded.

Abstract: A method for controlling the cooling of a steel plate, characterized in that, in the control of the temperature at the end of cooling in the process of the cooling of a steel plate from the Ae3 temperature or higher, the enthalpies (H? and H?) of the austenite and ferrite phases at respective temperatures are determined in advance, a dynamic enthalpy (Hsys) defined by the formula (1) is determined from the proportion (X?) of untransformed austenite being determined in the correspondence to an objective temperature pattern, and a temperature of the steel plate is predicted by using an inclination of the above dynamic enthalpy to temperature as a dynamic specific heat for controlling the cooling of the steel plate. Hsys=H? (X?)+H? (1?X?) . . .

Abstract: The invention relates to stainless steel fibers obtained by bundled drawing of stainless steel wires embedded in a matrix material. The composition of the stainless steel fibers comprises iron and the following components expressed in percent by weight: C £ 0.05%, Mn £ 5%, Si £ 2%, 8 £ Ni £ 12%, 15% £ Cr £ 20%, Mo £ 3%, Cu £ 4%, N £ 0.05%, S £ 0.03% and P £ 0.05%. The invention further relates to a method of manufacturing stainless steel fibers.

Abstract: A metal separator for fuel cells and a production method for the separator balances high corrosion resistance and high performance of electric generation due to low contact resistance. In the metal separator for fuel cells, a passivation film is formed on the surface thereof and x (M?·cm2) calculated by an equation: (VH?VL)/(B?A) is in a range of 0.0026?x?0.04, wherein in a sulfuric acid solution at 90° C. and pH 3, VH (V) is the highest voltage; VL (V) is the lowest voltage; A (?A/cm2) is corrosion current density in power generation at the lowest voltage VL; and B (?A/cm2) is corrosion current density in power generation at the highest voltage VH.

Abstract: A static magnetic field and a wave are applied to an electrically conductive fluid so as to satisfy the mathematical expression 2?f<(?/?)B2, where f is the frequency (Hz) of the applied wave, ? is the electrical conductivity (S/m) of the conductive fluid, ? is the density (kg/m3) of the conductive fluid, and B is the strength of the applied static magnetic field (T), to thereby generate and propagate vibratory motion into the conductive fluid.

Abstract: A steel wire, 0.10-0.40 mm in diameter, obtained by subjecting a high-carbon (0.70-0.90 wt. %) steel wire material to heat treatment and wire drawing, wherein its tensile strength and test values of special repeated torsional tests satisfy a predetermined relation; and a method of manufacturing the same. A high strength steel wire which has so high a ductility as to substantially prevent the wire from being broken even during wire twisting, and which rarely encounters a decrease in the ductility even after the wire has been subjected to age hardening by heating, is obtained, and a method of manufacturing the same is economical.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of controlling a treatment line. According to said method a) a correlation between one or several variable parameters of the chemical and/or physical processes of the treatment line and one or several characteristic values that are characteristic of the success of the treatment is established; rules are derived of this correlation that describe the dependence of the characteristic value or the characteristic values of the variable parameters; the correlation and/or the rules derived therefrom are stored in a control system for the treatment line; b) the one or the several characteristic value(s) is/are measured continuously or discontinuously; c) if said characteristic values deviate from a predetermined standard range of values, the/those variable parameter(s) that is/are most closely correlated with said characteristic value is/are modified in the direction which counteracts the deviation of the characteristic value or the characteristic values from the standard range.

Abstract: A method of producing a tool steel comprises quenching a steel containing, by mass percent, C: 0.25 to 0.60%, Si: 0.10 to 1.20%, Mn: 0.20 to 1.50%, Ni: 0.50 to 2.00%, Cr: 1.00 to 4.20%, Mo: 0.30 to 2.00%, V: 0.10 to 1.00% and Al: 0.005 to 0.10%, in order to obtain a hardness H such that the hardness index defined below by the formula (1) becomes between 0.20 to 0.95; and then tempering the steel; K=(H−H2)/(H1−H2)  (1) Where H1: Vickers hardness of the steel with 10 mm thickness after heating to a temperature of the Ac3 transformation point plus 50° C., and quenching into water; H2: Vickers hardness of the steel with 10 mm thickness after heating to the same temperature as defined above, and cooling to room temperature over 20 hours.

Abstract: A bulk amorphous metal magnetic component has a plurality of layers of amorphous metal strips laminated together to form a generally three-dimensional part having the shape of a polyhedron. The bulk amorphous metal magnetic component may include an arcuate surface, and preferably includes two arcuate surfaces that are disposed opposite each other. The magnetic component is operable at frequencies ranging from between approximately 50 Hz and 20,000 Hz. When the component is excited at an excitation frequency “f” to a peak induction level Bmax, it exhibits a core-loss less than “L” wherein L is given by the formula L=0.0074 f (Bmax)1.3+0.000282 f1.5 (Bmax)2.4, said core loss, said excitation frequency and said peak induction level being measured in watts per kilogram, hertz, and teslas, respectively.

Abstract: A method for producing a high strength hot-rolled steel sheet with good formability applicable to automobiles, industrial machines and the like is disclosed. The basic composition of TRIP steel is adjusted wherein Cu is added to improve the strength by precipitation hardening of a fine &egr;—Cu. Other conditions are controlled to obtain a tensile strength of over 90 kg/mm2 with good formability. The steel is composed of 0.15-0.3% by weight of C, 1.5-2.5% by weight of Si, 0.6-1.8% by weight of Mn, 0.02-0.10% by weight of Al, 0.6-2.0% by weight of Cu, 0.6-2.0% by weight of Ni, the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities and has a microstructure of multi-phase structure consisting of ferrite, bainite, and retained austenite, or a granular structure (M-A constituents in bainitic ferrite matrix). The steel is finish rolled at a temperature of 750-880° C., water cooled from a water cooling initiation temperature of 680-740° C.

Abstract: A variable rate quench system allows the cooling of a heated workpiece to be controlled more closely. A liquid quenchant used in the system has an initial temperature, density and heat extraction index. The system comprises a first tank containing the liquid quenchant and to receive the workpiece and a second tank communicated to the first tank. The first tank has a means for agitating the liquid quenchant around the workpiece and a supply of make-up liquid quenchant communicated thereto. The second tank has a slurry of a non-liquid solid phase quenchant modifier and a means for selectively controlling addition of the slurry to the first tank. A real time data acquisition system acquires and analyzes temperature, density and agitation rate of the liquid quenchant, calculates an instantaneous heat extraction index of the liquid quenchant and compares the difference between the calculated index and a predetermined ideal index. Corrective action to minimize the difference is then taken.

Abstract: Steel, steel wire, and a process for forming a drawn wire, especially tire-reinforcing wire of diameter smaller than 0.4 mm, by drawing a steel of the following composition by weight: 0.005%.ltoreq.carbon.ltoreq.0.050%; 0.005%.ltoreq.nitrogen.ltoreq.0.050%; 0.1%.ltoreq.silicon.ltoreq.2.0%; 0.1%.ltoreq.manganese.ltoreq.5%; 5%.ltoreq.nickel.ltoreq.12%; 10%.ltoreq.chromium.ltoreq.20%; 0.01%.ltoreq.copper.ltoreq.4%; 0.01%.ltoreq.molybdenum.ltoreq.3%,the base wire being subjected to:drawing to a cumulative deformation ratio .epsilon. of larger than 2 and smaller than 4,an intermediate annealing treatment at above 700.degree. C.final drawing to a cumulative deformation ratio .epsilon. of smaller than 4.5 and larger than 3.