Abstract: In an upper door fitting of a sliding door which comprises a housing and two transverse guide rollers which each are rotatably supported each on a shaft stub, both shaft stubs extend parallel to each other and are arranged symmetrically with respect to a vertical longitudinal center plane. Both shaft stubs are rigidly mounted in the housing. In addition, the transverse guide rollers delimit an intake opening of the housing for guiding the sliding door so as to prevent impact noises and jerky movements of the sliding door.

Abstract: An elevator roller guide assembly that provides enhanced ride comfort. The assembly includes a chassis, a stop plate mounted to the chassis, a face wheel enclosure that at least partially encloses the face wheel and is connected to a plurality of leaf springs, and a pair of side wheel enclosures connected to the face wheel enclosure by the plurality of leaf springs. The side wheel enclosures each support a side wheel in a fixed relation to the other side wheel. The side wheel enclosures are operably connected to the stop plate by a pair of vertical plates. A multi-axis damper extends from the stop plate to engage the face wheel enclosure and dampen oscillation of the wheel enclosures during operation. A set of delta diameter wheels across all four guides reduces coincident flat spots to improve ride quality. Also, a wheel force gauge is integrated with the face wheel enclosure.

Abstract: Provided is a carriage assembly 16 including a carriage 50, a wheel bar 90 that is deflectable relative to the carriage 50, and a plurality of wheels 92, 94, 96 mounted to the bar 90 for rotation around a respective axis 98, 100, 102, the axis 100 of at least one of the wheels 94 being offset from the axis 98, 102 of at least one of the other wheels 92, 96 in a direction of the wheel bar deflection. The wheel bar 90 is deflected relative to the carriage 50 to allow the wheels 92, 94, 96 to engage respective rails 32, 34 in a track 30 to eliminate or reduce play between the wheels and the track.

Abstract: An aircraft armrest may incorporate a rail roller linkage. The roller linkage may include an armrest plate, a rail attached to an aircraft seat assembly, a top roller link, and a bottom roller link. The top roller link may have a threaded upper adjustment cylinder, a pivot joint, and a pair of grooved rollers diagonally disposed on either side of the pivot. The bottom roller link may have an unthreaded lower adjustment cylinder, a pivot joint, and a pair of grooved rollers diagonally disposed on either side of the pivot. The grooved rollers may mesh with the rail. The roller linkage may include a roller adjustment screw, having a threaded portion, and extending through both of the adjustment cylinders. A compression spring may bias the roller link around the rail and may be disposed between the top roller link and the bottom roller link and surrounding the roller adjustment screw.

Abstract: A window regulator is provided for a window in a vehicle door. The window regulator includes a drive mechanism having a first cable and a second cable. The first cable is connected to the window at a first connection point and the second cable is connected to the window at a second connection point. The two cables are driven at different speeds so that the window is rotated with respect to the vehicle door panel as the window is displaced between a fully closed position and a fully opened position.

Abstract: A vehicle seat slide device includes: a moveable rail capable of sliding along the fixed rail; a main roller provided on each of opposite end portions of the moveable rail in a longitudinal direction and capable of rolling on a bottom wall of the fixed rail; a bracket turnably supported on the moveable rail via a pin; a biasing unit attached to the moveable rail and constantly applying a rotational biasing force to the bracket about the pin by pushing one end portion of the bracket; and a sub roller arranged on another end portion of the bracket and capable of rolling with the sub roller constantly in sure contact with the top wall of the fixed rail in response to the rotational biasing force.

Abstract: A door leaf for a vehicle, in particular for a rail vehicle. The door leaf includes a door leaf frame for supporting a first shell, which is or can be arranged on a first main surface of the door leaf frame, and a second shell, which is or can be arranged on a second main surface of the door leaf frame opposite the first main surface. The door leaf has at least one connecting piece for thermally decoupling the first shell from the second shell, the connecting piece is or can be arranged or arrangeable on the door leaf frame. The at least one connecting piece is or can be arranged on the door leaf frame so the first shell and the second shell are movable relative to each other in at least one section of movement as a result of temperature variations.

Abstract: A hanger for a sash of a window to detachably engage the sash with a rail of the window, and the hanger includes a pulley assembly and a restricting assembly. The pulley assembly has a base and a plurality of pulleys mounted on the base for rotation. The pulleys engage the rail so that the pulley assembly moves in the rail. The base is provided with a slot. The sash is provided with a rod. The rod engages the slot of the pulley assembly to engage the sash with the rail, and the rod leaves the slot via a lateral opening thereof while the covering rotates for a predetermined angle. At this time, the sash is disengaged with the rail to be moved off the window.

Abstract: A covering of a building opening includes a rail, a first sash having a guiding slot, a second sash hinged with the first sash and having a center of rotation at an end thereof, a pulley assembly, and a restricting assembly. The pulley assembly is movably received in the rail and has a rod. The rod has a protrusion section extending out of the rail, and the protrusion section enters and leaves the guiding slot while the pulley assembly is moving. The restricting assembly has a moving member and a locking base. The moving member is provided on one of the first sash and the second sash, and the locking base is provided on the other. The moving member is moved by the rod and engages the locking base when the rod leaves the guiding slot.

Abstract: A method of height adjusting a hanger bolt with a threaded shaft and side flats in a threaded retainer of a bogey proceeds by rotating the bolt to adjust the axial position and height of the bolt relative to the retainer. A keeper of a lock mechanism housed within a body of the bogey is slid into an engaged position against flats of the bolt in order to prevent further rotation of the bolt relative to the retainer.

Abstract: A carriage, which serves for holding and shifting a separating element in a running direction along a rail, includes a carriage body that holds at least one running element and a mounting body that is slidably connected to the carriage body and is connectable to the separating element. A coupling member includes a first and second coupling element connected via a bridge member, wherein the first coupling element is slidably held in the carriage body and the second is slidably held in the mounting body. The bridge member has a first coupling surface inclined relative to the running direction which supports the carriage body or the mounting body, so that with a movement of the coupling member the carriage and mounting bodies are shifted relative to one another. The shifting device includes two inventive carriages that are guided in a rail and that are connected to a separating element.

Abstract: Provided are novel chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) slurry compositions for polishing copper substrates and method of using the CMP compositions. The CMP slurry compositions deliver superior planarization with high and tunable removal rates and low defects when polishing bulk copper layers of the nanostructures of IC chips. The CMP slurry compositions also offer the high selectivity for polishing copper relative to the other materials (such as Ti, TiN, Ta, TaN, and Si), suitable for through-silicon via (TSV) CMP process which demands high copper film removal rates.

Abstract: A clamping-sliding assembly for a single-track-suspension sliding door has a body and a roller mount. The body has a clamping recess transversally formed through the body, a connecting recess longitudinally formed through the body and communicating with the clamping recess, a connecting mount formed on and protruding in the connecting recess with an adjusting hole and an adjusting bolt rotatably connected to the connecting mount in the adjusting hole. The roller mount is movably mounted in the connecting recess, abuts the adjusting bolt and has at least one roller rotatably connected to the roller mount and an abutting face formed in the roller mount and abutting the adjusting bolt to adjust a height of the roller mount relative to the body.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of sliding door systems. The invention relates to a second wheel holder (800) enabling using a flexible number of wheels in a wheel carriage (300) for a sliding door resting in sliding track (106). The second wheel holder (800) comprises one attachment means (810) adapted to be removably attached to the first wheel connection means (340) and at least two second wheel connection means (820) each adapted to connect one wheel (330). The invention also relates to a method for exchanging the wheels (330) and of a wheel carriage (300), by lowering a door panel and replacing the wheels, by removing the second wheel holder (800), while the wheel carriage (300) is resting in the sliding track (106).

Abstract: A front cable and a rear cable are wound about a drum, are made to change direction by being caught onto a front pulley and a rear pulley, respectively, disposed on a center rail, and are respectively connected to a guide roller unit at respective terminals. The closing cable section of the front cable is routed to the outside of the center rail, the corresponding terminal being connected to the guide roller unit farther rearward than a load roller, and the opening cable section of the rear cable is routed to inside the center rail, the corresponding terminal being connected to the guide roller unit.

Abstract: A pulley mechanism is disclosed comprising a roller seat, a hanging supporter fixed to a door structure and connected to the roller seat with a first fastener, and at least one roller fixed to the roller seat to allow the roller seat to move slidably. The pulley mechanism further comprises an elastic element, and the roller seat comprises a first seat for supporting one end of the elastic element, whereas the hanging supporter comprises a second seat for supporting another end of the elastic element. The relative position of the roller seat and the hanging supporter can be adjusted by the first fastener and the elastic element disposed between the first seat and the second seat.

Abstract: A sliding door system comprises a door made of a glass panel. One or more roller units are connected to the door and project from a plane of the door. A structural transom has a glass panel body with its main surfaces positioned generally vertically. The glass panel body is supported above an opening to define the structural transom for the door, with at least one slot defined in the glass panel body and having a lower edge surface and an upper edge surface. The slot is generally horizontal when the glass panel body defines the structural transom. The slot has a height for receiving a portion of the roller unit between the lower edge surface and the upper edge surface, and a length for allowing a translation of the door to open and close the opening by movement of the roller unit in the slot.

Abstract: A hanger for a sash of a window to detachably engage the sash with a rail of the window, and the hanger includes a pulley assembly and a restricting assembly. The pulley assembly has a base and a plurality of pulleys mounted on the base for rotation. The pulleys engage the rail so that the pulley assembly moves in the rail. The base is provided with a slot. The sash is provided with a rod. The rod engages the slot of the pulley assembly to engage the sash with the rail, and the rod leaves the slot via a lateral opening thereof while the covering rotates for a predetermined angle. At this time, the sash is disengaged with the rail to be moved off the window.

Abstract: A carriage includes body, at which at least one first roller is freely rotatably mounted, as well as a carriage suspension member with an upper terminal section is supported at or in the body and, with regard to the body, is pivotable about at least one axis of rotation extending parallel to the longitudinal extension of the carriage. A lower terminal section, the carriage suspension member is configured to extend in a downward direction towards a panel to be moved. The lower terminal section is adapted to suspend the panel to be moved therefrom. An axis of rotation of the at least one first roller extends transversely to the downward direction and transversely to a tangent of the travel path of the at least one panel to be moved in an area of the at least one first roller.

Abstract: A hanger assembly for an architectural door or panel utilizes a head track connected to an overhead structural member with two concave tracks for receiving the convex wheel bearings which are attached to a hanger extending downwardly from the wheel bearings. The bottom of the hanger has a head which is inserted into a housing by way of an open groove. The housing is mounted to the frame of the door or panel. Rubber neoprene spacers are mounted between the head and the housing to adjust the vertical height of the door or panel relative to the head track and structural member. Additional wheel bearings may be added to the hanger as is necessary.

Abstract: A fitting (1) for suspending a sliding door leaf (D) is provided. Said fitting (1) comprises a base plate (2) having means (8, 9) for attaching said base plate (2) to a door leaf (D), support means (3) attached to said base plate (2) for allowing said fitting (1) to be guided by a rail (R) along a sliding path (P), and a shank (5) having a part (5b, 5d) extending from a lateral end of said base plate (2) at an angle (?, ?)relative a plane of the base plate. Said fitting (1) further comprises an anti-lifting device (4) attached to said shank (5) and being moveable between an idle position and a locked position by a rotational movement of the anti-lifting device (4) about an axis (A) being substantially perpendicular to a plane of said shank part (5b, 5d).

Abstract: A bogey includes a body having only a single set of support wheels, with one wheel positioned either side of the body. A threaded retainer is arranged for threaded engagement with a shaft of a hanger bolt. The retainer is located in spaced relation from the wheels, whereby the bolt is cantilevered from the body.

Abstract: A roller hinge assembly for connecting articulating door panels and simultaneously supporting a laterally extending panel support roller assembly includes one or more hinge units each having a male hinge strap and a female hinge strap. The structural integrity of one or more of the hinge units is supplemented by a reinforcing, slotted tubular member fitted over the roller axle support bushing which extends between and simultaneously engages opposed, spaced hinge strap arms. Two or more such hinge units may be arrayed laterally or side by side co-joined by a single hinge pin. Further, to insure appropriate alignment, a single tubular roller bushing may co-join the male or the female hinge units.

Abstract: According to this invention there is provided an adjustable base plate structure for a transit door comprised of a plurality of fixed dimension elements and a plurality of variable dimension elements for accommodating a plurality of door sizes and types. The base plate structure comprises a roller channel for spanning the width of the door and a center brace for being secured to the channel centered on the roller channel. Mounting brackets are secured to the vehicle or door frame and the roller channel.

Abstract: A rolling mechanism encompassing various sets of Rollo-flex assemblies, as defined in the specification, within a customer supplied track, inside a retractable truck tarpaulin system and rolling and sliding doors. The invention improves on single roller and wheels presently used in retractable tarp system and rolling doors, particularly in moving vehicles by providing substantial savings over current systems, ensuring longer service life, providing a stronger and more stable covering system while protecting the wheels and rollers from the shock loads of road travel.

Abstract: A clamping-sliding assembly for a single-track-suspension sliding door has a body and a roller mount. The body has a clamping recess transversally formed through the body, a connecting recess longitudinally formed through the body and communicating with the clamping recess, a connecting mount formed on and protruding in the connecting recess with an adjusting hole and an adjusting bolt rotatably connected to the connecting mount in the adjusting hole. The roller mount is movably mounted in the connecting recess, abuts the adjusting bolt and has at least one roller rotatably connected to the roller mount and an abutting face formed in the roller mount and abutting the adjusting bolt to adjust a height of the roller mount relative to the body.

Abstract: Door arrangement, more particularly a sliding door arrangement of an automatic door of an elevator or of a building, which comprises a door panel, and a guide arrangement for controlling the path of movement of the door panel, which guide arrangement comprises at least one guide connected to the aforementioned door panel, and a guide rail, closely along which the aforementioned guide is arranged to move, and from which guide rail the guide takes lateral support force with respect to the longitudinal direction of the guide rail. The guide comprises a first guide roll for taking the support force from the guide surface of the guide rail on the side of a first side of the guide, and a second guide roll for taking support force from the guide surface of the guide rail on the side of a second side of the guide.

Abstract: A bogey assembly including a body for supporting a cantilevered hanger bolt, a wheel to support the body on a rail and a roller, spaced lengthwise of the body and offset relative to the wheel, so as to bear against an overhead surface and resist rotation of the body away from the rail when load is applied to the hanger bolt.

Abstract: A damper roller system is provided. The system includes an external rotating element connected to a bearing housing. The bearing housing is filled with a viscous fluid and includes at least one bearing element immersed in the viscous fluid. The bearing housing is connected to at least one sealing element sealing the viscous fluid inside the bearing housing. The bearing element is connected to a non-rotating shaft having opposite first and second ends. The shaft is held in place at the first end by the bearing element and is rigidly connectable at the second end to an object. The first end is nail-shaped and immersed in the viscous fluid. A rotation of the external rotating element drives a common rotation of the bearing housing and of the bearing element, and shears the viscous fluid, causing a damping motion proportional to a rotational speed of the external rotating element.

Abstract: A bogey assembly (1) for supporting a hanger bolt, the bogey assembly (1) including a body (2) for supporting the hanger bolt when in use and a lock mechanism (32) operatively mounted to the body (2), the lock mechanism being operable so as to be able to adopt a locked condition, where the hanger bolt is restricted from movement relative the body (2), and a unlocked condition where the hanger bolt can be moved relative to the body (32).

Abstract: According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, pre-assembly and integration of part of an aircraft cabin takes place outside the aircraft structure by means of an assembly device. After pre-assembly, the part of the aircraft cabin is slid into the open section of the aircraft structure where it is installed.

Abstract: Example trolleys and hangers for washdown curtains are disclosed herein. An example trolley disclosed herein includes features that simplify manufacturing and promote liquid runoff to avoid bacterial growth. Some example trolleys comprise U-bolts, shoulder screws and acorn nuts. In some examples, a frame of the trolley has a nestable V-shape profile that makes the frame readily blanked and formed from sheet metal with minimal waste. In some examples, an example trolley disclosed herein has a pair of rollers that are horizontally offset to a point from which the curtain hangs so that the weight of the curtain tilts the trolley to promote liquid runoff from the trolley's frame.

Abstract: A wall panel system and method of installation and use are provided, in which wall panels are suspended from trolleys along a track system. The trolleys include guide devices that interact with diverters coupled to the tracks to allow the trolley to be directed as desired at intersections of the tracks, and to follow a predetermined path along the track system. The wall panel system is configurable to allow the wall panels to be aligned serially, such as for dividing the space within a room, or may be stacked, such as suitable for compact storage.

Abstract: A ceiling track system including a guiding rail, in which at least one wall element is received and an encasing element that is affixed to the guiding rail. A long leg extends in a vertical joining direction and has a latching geometry, into which a latching hook can be latched such that the encasing element is affixed to the guiding rail in a self-retaining manner. The long leg has a web with a projection. The guiding rail has a groove into which the projection engages for the purpose of self-retaining the encasing element. Adjacent to the groove the guiding rail has a screw reception into which a screw element is screwable by which a clamping action is achieved. The screw reception is at an angle with regard to the vertical joining direction.

Abstract: The carriage, which serves for holding a slidable separation element, comprises a carriage body and at least one running wheel, which is a rolling along a rail when the separation elements is displaced.

Abstract: The present invention provides at least one anti-sway trolley assembly used in conjunction with either a single sided partition set or sandwiched between first and second partition side in a double sided partition set. The anti-sway trolley assembly comprises a floating rod affixed at a first end to a trolley. Affixed at a rod second end is a floor contact member which provides frictional resistance to lateral displacement of the door. Each anti-sway trolley assembly rides in a chain guide and is affixed to a partition hinge rod. In this manner, a floor channel is not required to achieve resistance to lateral displacement forces.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to the field of environmentally sealed casings for protection of electronic or other devices. More particularly, the present invention relates to enclosures for protecting LCD panels from the harsh environments in which they are sometimes used. In an embodiment, the present invention provides a harsh environment LCD enclosure comprising: a casing with an interior for protecting an LCD panel; a door for accessing the interior of the casing; a compression gasket assembly for sealing together the door and casing; an actuator for opening and closing the door; and a hinge assembly disposed entirely within the interior of the casing and operably configured to provide for rotational and linear movement of the door relative to the casing.

Abstract: A hanger assembly for an architectural door or panel utilises a head track connected to an overhead structural member with two concave tracks for receiving the convex wheel bearings which are attached to a hanger extending downwardly from the wheel bearings. The bottom of the hanger has a head which is inserted into a housing by way of an open groove. The housing is mounted to the frame of the door or panel. Rubber neoprene spacers are mounted between the head and the housing to adjust the vertical height of the door or panel relative to the head track and structural member. Additional wheel bearings may be added to the hanger as is necessary.

Abstract: A drive carriage for a sliding curtain including a first carriage portion which is movable along a rail by at least one wheel assembly mounted thereto and a second carriage portion which is also movable along the rail and wherein the first and second portions of the carriage are connected by a coupling piece which is selective mounted in at least two positions with respect to the first and second portions so as to adjust a length of the drive carriage.

Abstract: A self-orienting caster for pieces of furniture and the like, comprising at least one wheel which is supported so that it can rotate about a horizontal axis by a supporting structure which has a vertical cylindrical recess which is open upward and is axially offset with respect to said horizontal axis and constitutes said seat in which a pivot for the pivoting of the caster can rotate, the pivot being insertable in a receptacle of the piece of furniture onto which the caster is to be fitted, the supporting structure comprising two mutually opposite annular flanges, which form respective circular and coaxial holes, a tubular body whose opposite ends are rigidly coupled to the inner edges of the holes and form externally, between the flanges, a rolling track for a supporting bearing for the wheel, respective extensions being monolithically rigidly coupled to the flanges and being mutually associable so as to form the seat which is designed to receive the pivot for the pivoting of the wheel.

Abstract: The carriage provided to hold a displaceable separation element comprises a carriage body provided with at least two running wheels, which carriage body is connected to a carrier profile, which serves to carry the separation element. According to the invention the threaded shank of an adjusting screw is rotationally held in the carriage body, which adjusting screw comprises below the screw head a flange ring, which supports a flange element provided in the carrier profile, which flange element comprises an opening, through which the screw head is guided. By rotating the adjusting screw the carrier profile can thus be optionally adjusted in height. In a preferred embodiment a tool channel is provided in the carrier profile, into which tool channel a conventional tool can be introduced.

Abstract: A movable carriage assembly for a door track or window track is adapted to support a door or window. The carriage assembly includes a lower carriage removably joined to an upper carriage, forming an elongate gap there between which is constructed and adapted to provide a sliding surface element for a track dust cover. When the carriage assembly moves along the track, the dust cover moves through the gap of the carriage assembly and over the sliding surface element whereby the dust cover is caused to disengage from the track and re-engage with track after the carriage assembly has passed. There is also disclosed a method of installing the carriage assembly in a window or door opening for a door or window.

Abstract: A sliding door assembly comprising one or more glass doors. Roller units are secured to a top portion of each the glass doors. The roller unit have a roller portion projecting out of a plane of the glass door. End members adapted to be secured to a structure at opposite ends of two transoms. Each said end member has two receptacles for receiving opposed ends of the end members. The receptacles of each said end member being spaced apart to hold the at least two transoms in a spaced apart and generally parallel relation, such that a guideway is defined between the transoms for holding captive the roller portion of the at least one roller unit for movement of the at least one glass door in its plane.

Abstract: A roller assembly for a sliding vehicle closure includes a bracket secured to an associated sliding vehicle closure and a ball-type roller secured to the bracket at a location spaced apart from the associated sliding vehicle closure. The ball-type roller is fixed in position relative to the associated sliding vehicle closure during opening and closing thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides at least one anti-sway trolley assembly used in conjunction with either a single sided partition set or sandwiched between first and second partition side in a double sided partition set. The anti-sway trolley assembly comprises a floating rod affixed at a first end to a trolley. Affixed at a rod second end is a floor contact member which provides frictional resistance to lateral displacement of the door. Each anti-sway trolley assembly rides in a chain guide and is affixed to a partition hinge rod. In this manner, a floor channel is not required to achieve resistance to lateral displacement forces.

Abstract: The removable track and hanger system is mounted on horizontal tent frame members. The tent frame includes horizontal and vertical frames for supporting the overlaid tent fabric. The track and hanger system includes a track bar removably hung from a horizontal frame member by a complementary shaped inverted J-shaped hangers. The track bar includes a track bar channel, an open mouth and an interior cavity. A eyelet hangers protrude from the track bar because a capture element (roller wheel, ball or glide element) is located in the cavity and a downward eyelet extender has an eyelet hole into which is clipped a clip hook from the tent sidewall. When clipped onto the hanger track, the tent sidewall can move horizontally along the track. The throw or horizontal movement of the tent sidewall is limited by stops at one or more predetermined stop locations.

Abstract: An overhead sectional door includes a sectional door curtain (12) made up of a plurality of sectional panels (14) pivotably attached together, and guide wheels (16) which engage and travel within a pair of tracks (18) and (20) at each side of the door (12). The tracks (18,20) are spaced substantially outwardly from the side extremity of the door panels (14), and a torsion spring assembly (60) is mounted so as to be raised and lowered with operation of the door curtain and extends beyond the side extremities of the door panels.

Abstract: Door arrangement, more particularly a sliding door arrangement of an automatic door of an elevator or of a building, which comprises a door panel, and a guide arrangement for controlling the path of movement of the door panel, which guide arrangement comprises at least one guide connected to the aforementioned door panel, and a guide rail, closely along which the aforementioned guide is arranged to move, and from which guide rail the guide takes lateral support force with respect to the longitudinal direction of the guide rail. The guide comprises a first guide roll for taking the support force from the guide surface of the guide rail on the side of a first side of the guide, and a second guide roll for taking support force from the guide surface of the guide rail on the side of a second side of the guide.

Abstract: A ceiling track system including a guiding rail, in which at least one wall element is received and an encasing element that is affixed to the guiding rail. A long leg extends in a vertical joining direction and has a latching geometry, into which a latching hook can be latched such that the encasing element is affixed to the guiding rail in a self-retaining manner. The long leg has a web with a projection. The guiding rail has a groove into which the projection engages for the purpose of self-retaining the encasing element. Adjacent to the groove the guiding rail has a screw reception into which a screw element is screwable by which a clamping action is achieved. The screw reception is at an angle with regard to the vertical joining direction.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a mechanism for a sliding-type glass pane, of those formed by a top guide profile, placed against the wall and provided with a rib on which a rolling element moves; a bottom guide; a suspension device and top retaining stops, in which the suspension device has a larger outer plate and two smaller inner plates, which define a space between them in which the rolling element is housed and in which the top retaining stops are provided with respective horizontal flats so as to retain the cylinders.