Abstract: The invention relates to a method of separating and purifying products from a high pressure processing system adapted for processing a feed stream comprising carbonaceous material at a pressure of at least 150 bar and a temperature of at least 300° C., where the converted feed stream (product mixture) is cooled to a temperature in the range 50 to 250° C., and depressurized to a pressure in the range 1 to 150 bar, the method comprising separating the depressurized product mixture in gas phase, an oil phase (liquid hydrocarbon), and a water phase comprising water soluble organics, dissolved salts and optionally suspended particles in a first phase separator and purifying the oil phase from the first phase separator by mixing it with one or more washing agents, at least one of which comprises water, and separating the oil phase from the one or more washing agents in a further separation step.

Abstract: Process and device for converting hydrocarbons or fatty substances that are in substantially liquid form to solid form, especially for the environmental remediation of surfaces or sites polluted by these hydrocarbons or fatty substances, characterized in that the material to be converted to solid form is brought into contact with a composition heated to the liquid state, comprising, at least in the majority proportion, tallow, and optionally a fluidizing agent, thus obtaining a solid complex material, that is easy to collect, and that can be reprocessed in order to recover the material.

Abstract: A method for preparing a fertilizer using straws and prepared straw organic fertilizer; the method includes: composting straws, spraying a compositing microbial solution containing amino acids to start decomposition of straws, and adjusting humidity of a straw compost, times of spraying a solution of product nutrients, component of the solution to obtain an up-to-standard commercial straw organic fertilizer; and keeping the composting temperature about 70° C. for long time by adjusting the turning time of the straw compost and collocation time of spraying the solution.

Abstract: An improved semichemical pulping process is disclosed to reduce washing costs and recovery process costs, while producing equivalent pulp and paper products. In some variations, the invention provides a process for producing a paper product from biomass, comprising: digesting lignocellulosic biomass in the presence of steam and/or hot water to generate an intermediate pulp material and a liquid phase containing extracted hemicelluloses; mechanically refining the intermediate pulp material, to generate a refined pulp material; and introducing the refined pulp material, the liquid phase, and optionally a separate solid material to a paper machine, to produce a paper product. The process optionally employs no washing step. When the liquid phase is washed from the intermediate pulp material or the refined pulp material using an aqueous wash solution, the wash filtrate may be introduced directly or indirectly to the paper machine.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method for trimming unwanted edges from a moving paper web. The disclosure also relates to the trimming of unwanted edges while the web is traveling on a structured papermaking fabric. The method uses a water nozzle having a diameter of 0.02? or less. The method also includes the removal of the unwanted edge trimmings to a trim chute through the use of moving air, for example, an air knife. The disclosure also relates to an edge trimming apparatus.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to a method of recycling and producing fibers from sewage sludge, such as streams of municipal, agricultural and industrial flowing wastes to be further processed. The present invention also relates to industrial means adapted for recycling the same. The present invention discloses environmentally friendly processes and means for recovering valuable fibers and especially cellulose fibers and the like from agricultural and/or urban sewage sludge, waste and/or industrial effluents to decrease its volume especially BOD and TSS, obtaining valuable raw materials and decreasing environmental damages.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method for trimming unwanted edges from a moving paper web. The disclosure also relates to the trimming of unwanted edges while the web is traveling on a structured papermaking fabric. The method uses a water nozzle having a diameter of 0.02? or less. The method also includes the removal of the unwanted edge trimmings to a trim chute through the use of moving air, for example, an air knife. The disclosure also relates to an edge trimming apparatus.

Abstract: A process for producing a water-absorbent high-porosity fibrous matrix from lignocellulosic raw materials, comprising wet mechanical processing of the raw material, drying, and then dry mechanical processing the fibers to provide a fibrous matrix is provided. The high-porosity fibrous matrix and absorbent articles prepared therefrom are also provided.

Abstract: In order for a method for preparing fibres for producing paper from a fibre-containing material, in particular from waste paper, to be improved such that shortening of the fibres separated from the fibre material is reduced to a minimum, it is proposed that the fibre-containing material is supplied in a moist state for pulping and is pulped to a dry state by continuous impact action.

Abstract: A method of forming a dilute water slurry for water felting a basemat for an acoustical ceiling tile comprising delivering a bale of compressed mineral wool with a density of at least 8 lbs. per cubic foot at an unbaling station, releasing a binding holding the bale in compression, mechanically separating the fibers of a mineral wool bale with mechanical instrumentalities arranged to disperse the fibers to a generally uniform density of less than 2 lbs. per cubic foot prior to passage of the fibers through the tank inlet, and causing the separated mineral fibers to pass into the mixing tank for contact with water suspended binder.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an integrated method for producing cellulose and at least one low-molecular-weight reusable material, in which a starting material containing lignocellulose is provided and subjected to a decomposition with a processing medium. A fraction enriched with cellulose and a fraction depleted of cellulose is then isolated from the decomposition material, the depleted fraction of cellulose being subjected to a treatment during which at least one low-molecular-weight reusable material is obtained.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for controlling deposits in a paper making process, more particularly to a process comprising the use of talc for controlling deposits in a paper making process with talc. One aspect of the invention is contacting talc with a white water stream at one or more locations within the paper making process after separating pulp from a pulp-containing stream and before introducing the re-circulating the white water stream to one or more of a pulper, a thick-stock, a thin-stock, a dilution process, a shower, a storage vessel, a blending process, and a digestor.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method for trimming unwanted edges from a moving paper web. The disclosure also relates to the trimming of unwanted edges while the web is traveling on a structured papermaking fabric. The method uses a water nozzle having a diameter of 0.02? or less. The method also includes the removal of the unwanted edge trimmings to a trim chute through the use of moving air, for example, an air knife. The disclosure also relates to an edge trimming apparatus.

Abstract: A system and method of producing both loose cellulose insulation and bonded fiber/cellulose insulation products utilizing shredded paper particles, including making shredded paper particles in a shredded paper particle line and diverting a portion of the shredded paper particles to a bonded fiber/cellulose product line whereby the shredded paper particle line forms an in-process production and delivery of shredded paper particles to the bonded fiber/cellulose product line. Moisture is added to the shredded paper particles at the bonded fiber/cellulose product line, and bonded fiber/cellulose insulation products are produced with the bonded fiber/cellulose product line from the diverted portion of shredded paper particles and loose cellulose insulation is produced from shredded paper particles that are not diverted from the shredded paper particle line.

Abstract: A method is provided for making paper and paper products from post-industrial packaging materials. The post-industrial packaging materials may include used bulk packaging transportation bags that are made at least partially from sisal and/or jute, such as coffee bean bags or used cocoa bean bags for transporting bulk quantities of coffee beans or cocoa beans, or other materials that have sisal and/or jute constituents. The post-industrial packaging materials may be used to make a mixed fiber stock that includes the post-industrial packaging materials and the post consumer fiber stock and/or other wood-based fiber stock that is a combined with the post-industrial packaging stock prior to the mixed fiber stock being run through a paper machine to make paper and paper products that may be used back in the industry that created the waste.

Abstract: A circular utilization method in pulping and papermaking processes with straw Primary pulp is obtained by digesting straw raw material according to the ammonium sulfite method. Concentrated black liquor is extruded from the primary pulp; paper pulp and diluted black liquor. The concentrated black liquor and the diluted black liquor are mixed, and a contaminated condensate is obtained. A residual concentrate or the concentrated black liquor is used for preparing a fertilizer. The contaminated condensate is mixed with one or more of the waste material obtained from stock preparation, a crop byproduct or organic waste, and substrate or fertilizer is obtained by fermenting the nitrogen source of the contaminated condensate or ammonium sulfite, or using the contaminated condensate for desulfurizing flue gas. Ammonia and flue gas are reacted to obtain the ammonium sulfite as a digestion agent; and water from recycling is used in corresponding phases of the pulping process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for manufacturing paper or board, wherein paper or board pulp is diluted with acidic water and wherein the pH value of the pulp is raised with an alkali simultaneously with increasing the solids content of the pulp by filtration, compression and evaporation on the wire, press and drying sections, and, at the same time, filler is precipitated from the acidic water into the paper or board structure. The invention also relates to moistening of paper or board, with a dry matter content of over 40%, in acidic water, after which the pH value is raised with an alkali, and the paper or board is dried, or it is dried after the moistening without raising the pH value.

Abstract: A media for digital high speed inkjet web press printing has a CD residual tensile energy absorption index greater than 300 J/Kg. The media includes a paper base having a MD/CD tensile stiffness index ratio of less than 2.0 and a tensile energy absorption index of greater than 500 J/Kg. The paper base includes a mixture of fibers having a softwood fiber to hardwood fiber ratio within a range of 3 to 7 to 7 to 1, an internal starch having a cationic starch to fiber ratio greater than 1.0%, and a filler within a range of about 1.0% to about 12.0% of paper base weight. The media further includes an image receiving coating on a side of the paper base.

Abstract: An in-line drainer or liquid separator for draining liquid from a moving black liquor slurry stream having a screen basket mounted in the internal chamber of the in-line drainer. The screen basket includes slots to retain solid particles of the moving black liquor slurry stream within the black liquor slurry stream flow chamber and block the solid particles from entering the liquid collection chamber. The slots each have a curved corner edge adjacent a surface screen basket facing the black liquor slurry stream flow chamber.

Abstract: A system for forming bonded fiber/cellulose products includes a shredded paper particle manufacturing line producing shredded paper particle-based products, such as insulation, a bonded fiber/cellulose product line, and a collector for collecting a portion of the shredded paper particles generated by the shredded paper particle line for the bonded fiber/cellulose product line.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of recovering and recycling waste coating color from papermaking coating process for use as wet end filler. The inventive method overcomes many technical challenges inherent in using waste coating colors as wet end filler such as the coatings having fine pigments that hurts sheet strength more than regular filler, having strong anionic charge and tendency to disturb wet end chemistry, causing excessive foaming, and containing a large amount of hydrophobic binder particles that tend to agglomerate in the white water and deposit on papermaking equipment. The method involves mixing the coatings with fresh filler particles, adding de-foaming agent, adding cationic coagulant, then preflocculating the mixture. This process causes fresh filler particles, pigments and binders in waste coating color to agglomerate together and form stable flocs with defined particle size distribution.

Abstract: A circular utilization method in pulping and papermaking processes with straw Primary pulp is obtained by digesting straw raw material according to the ammonium sulfite method. Concentrated black liquor is extruded from the primary pulp; paper pulp and diluted black liquor. The concentrated black liquor and the diluted black liquor are mixed, and a contaminated condensate is obtained. A residual concentrate or the concentrated black liquor is used for preparing a fertilizer. The contaminated condensate is mixed with one or more of the waste material obtained from stock preparation, a crop byproduct or organic waste, and substrate or fertilizer is obtained by fermenting the nitrogen source of the contaminated condensate or ammonium sulfite, or using the contaminated condensate for desulfurizing flue gas. Ammonia and flue gas are reacted to obtain the ammonium sulfite as a digestion agent; and water from recycling is used in corresponding phases of the pulping process.

Abstract: Additives for paper making are disclosed herein. Specifically, the additives are wax-free alternatives to conventional coatings, including ASA, AKD and optionally an acrylic containing composition. Other additives may be included in the coating, such as cationic particles or compositions. The coatings may be used at a variety of points during the paper making process, including on the calender stack and in the wet end.

Abstract: The present invention aims at providing: a recycling usable regenerated particle aggregate; a method for allowing stable manufacture of the regenerated particle aggregate; a paper containing the regenerated particle aggregate, the paper exhibiting excellent property in case of newsprint papers, printing papers, book printing papers, and electrophotographic printing papers that use the regenerated particle aggregate, and especially a neutralized paper containing the regenerated particle aggregate; and a coated paper for printing having especially excellent printability, using the regenerated particle aggregate.

Abstract: Methods to control and suppress odor in papermaking sludge are described. One method involves admixing sludge from a papermaking process and cyclodextrin to provide treated sludge with the cyclodextrin present in an effective amount to control odors in the treated sludge. The deodorized sludge may be used as a component of resin-wood composite products, such as composite decking materials, walls, flooring, casting forms, and the like.

Abstract: Provided is a process for manufacturing shaped cellulose materials from lignocellulose where a dissolving grade pulp is manufactured and dissolved in an aqueous alkaline or acidic solvent system forming a solution suitable for shaping new cellulose structures including fibers, films and cellulose derivatives. At least a part of the spent cellulose dissolving or cellulose shaping chemicals are recovered in one or more unit operations in a pulp mill chemical recovery cycle.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for controlling deposits in a paper making process, more particularly to a process comprising the use of talc for controlling deposits in a paper making process with talc. One aspect of the invention is contacting talc with a white water stream at one or more locations within the paper making process after separating pulp from a pulp-containing stream and before introducing the re-circulating the white water stream to one or more of a pulper, a thick-stock, a thin-stock, a dilution process, a shower, a storage vessel, a blending process, and a digestor.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a multilayer fibrous product. The product comprises at least two overlapping layers, each of which has a different fiber composition, and in the production of the product, chemical short stock is used at least partly. In the method, short stock is brought to a screening stage where fines, which pass a screen having an average hole size of 0.2-1.5 mm, are separated from it, in order to prepare at least two fiber fractions having different fiber compositions, and the fractions generated are recovered and included in different layers of the same fibrous product. With the invention, it is possible to screen an initial material and form a product which has better properties than a corresponding product, the initial material pulp of which has only been refined.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a process for producing deinked pulp from recovered paper containing stickies while preventing excessive reduction in the size of stickies, lowering the COD of effluents, and producing deinked pulp with a smaller residual ink content. In the ink detachment stage of the process for producing deinked pulp from recovered paper containing stickies, an anhydride of crystalline layered silicate is added, preferably in an amount of 0.1-1.5 weight % of absolute-dry pulp, and a deinking treatment is performed at a pH of 7.0-9.9. In the present invention, the deinking treatment is performed in a weakly alkaline to neutral region which is generally said to be effective in reducing the amount of stickies but less effective in ink detachment and, yet, deinked pulp having a smaller amount of residual ink can be produced.

Abstract: Disclosed are silver skin-containing paper and the production method thereof. Aqueous pulp slurry containing paper pulp fibers and ground silver skin is prepared, wherein the ground silver skin is provided by wet grinding of silver skin in the presence of water. The aqueous pulp slurry is then formed into a sheet. The silver skin-containing paper contains the ground silver skin at a ratio of 5 to 60% by mass of the paper.

Abstract: The core of the present invention resides in supplying pigment in a kind of “basic grade”, preferably as a solid, and milling in an aqueous phase in situ in a satellite milling plant to obtain the desired whiteness and grain size. As a result of this invention, papermakers are no longer bound to predetermined particle sizes of the fresh pigments and/or fresh fillers and pigment slurries obtainable from suppliers of raw materials. Papermakers are capable of preparing themselves pigment slurries in a satellite plant in situ according to the current needs. This permits a flexible and quick reaction to changing quality and production requirements, as well as lower shipping costs because no water is shipped as would be necessary in the usual slurry, and an improved stability of the self-prepared pigment slurry, as compared to the prior art.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for removing lignin from an aqueous solution. It is accomplished by adding a calcium compound and an aluminium compound to said solution. Said calcium compound is preferably calcium chloride and said aluminium compound is preferably a polymeric aluminium hydroxide salt.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for feeding a chemical into a liquid flow are especially suited for use with a headbox of a paper machine, particularly for feeding a retention aid into a fiber suspension flow going to the headbox so that in a mixing apparatus feed liquid is added into the retention chemical solution, prior to introducing the solution into the fiber suspension flow guided to the paper machine. The feed liquid is preferably a circulation water from the paper mill, or another non-clean liquid from a paper mill.

Abstract: A process for making absorbent sheet material from recycle furnish includes treatment with a synergistic debonder composition. The debonder is capable of reducing tensile strength by 40 percent or more by way of a quaternary ammonium surfactant component and a nonionic surfactant component.

Abstract: The present invention discloses processes for generating a hydrocarbon feedstock for biofuels synthesis from lignin via hydroprocessing. Embodiments of the present invention can occur in a refinery setting or in a paper mill setting. Embodiments of the present invention can utilize the separated lignin or the entire black liquor solution.

Abstract: The present invention discloses processes for generating a hydrocarbon feedstock for biofuels synthesis from lignin via hydroprocessing. Embodiments of the present invention can occur in a refinery setting or in a paper mill setting. Embodiments of the present invention can utilize the separated lignin or the entire black liquor solution.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for reducing the amount of sludges produced in a pulp and/or paper mill. The sludge produced in a pulp and/or paper mill as a result of waste water treatment is conveyed to solid fuel and the produced fuel-sludge mixture is burned in a power boiler. The solid fuel is heated before sludge is mixed therein.

Abstract: A method for reducing a production of a build-up slime in a papermaking process is provided. The method includes steps of adding a dispersing agent into the papermaking material to obtain a first mixture, mixing and culturing the first mixture, adding an antagonist into the first mixture to obtain a second mixture, mixing and culturing the second mixture for reducing the production of the slime, and re-adding the antagonist into the mixed and cultured second mixture after a specific time period for further reducing the production of the slime.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a sheet of paper (6) comprising paper fibres and calcium carbonate mainly in the form of calcite crystals linked directly to the paper fibres. The inventive method is characterised in that it comprises the following steps:—(i) an aqueous composition comprising calcium bicarbonates (5) and/or hydrated and/or dissolved carbon dioxide (3) and (ii) an aqueous composition comprising calcium hydroxide (4) are mixed in an aqueous medium in such a way as to precipitate the calcium carbonate in the form of vaterite crystals;—paper fibres (2, 2?) are immediately added;—the vaterite crystals are left to transform into calcite crystals on contact with the fibres;—said mixture containing the calcite crystals which are fixed to the fibres is subsequently sent on the conveying wire of the papermaking machine (M) for drainage and so that the sheet of paper can be formed;—the sheet of paper (6) thus obtained is treated, if necessary, and dried.

Abstract: A process for the production of paper from a suspension containing cellulosic fibers, and optional fillers, which comprises adding to the suspension a drainage and retention aid comprising a cationic organic polymer, forming and dewatering the suspension on a wire, wherein the cationic organic polymer has an aromatic group and the suspension which is dewatered on the wire has a conductivity of at least 2.0 mS/cm.

Abstract: Presently no chemicals are added in the pulp/paper mills wastewater treatment. There is a loop hole with the Biological Oxygen Demand test utilized. Regulators depend on the Biological Oxygen Demand test. All mills are discharging raw untreated wastes high in Chemical Oxygen Demand, (COD), Total Organic Carbon, (TOC) and COLOR. Liquid Alum solution is added to raw influent. All electrical energy aerated systems are eliminated. All flows from sewers join prior to the entrance to clarifier. The continuous in-line pH controller is proprietary as well as the continuous in-line COD analyzer. Because mills wastewater is amphoteric, it is mandatory that the raw influent pH be adjusted to range of 5.7 to 6.0 for optimum removal efficiencies. Aluminum chloride, ferric chloride and ferrous sulfate may be replaced for alum with higher operating costs. The precipitate is thickened, dewatered and incinerated, and approximately 75% of the chemicals regenerated.

Abstract: A nonwoven web has a weight sufficient for construction industry use and comprises at least forty percent (40%) recycled waste paper. At least one surface of the web bears a biocide, e.g., has a biocide applied thereto. Preferably the weight of the web is greater than fifteen pounds per thousand square feet (15-lbs/MSF). Preferably the biocide is zinc pyrithione. The web preferably bears at least 50-grams of biocide per thousand square feet per side of said web. One example use of the web is as builders felt, with other uses including as a facer for a laminate board and for asphalt-impregnated webs. The biocide-bearing nonwoven web is specifically directed to use in building construction. One example use of the web is as builders felt, with other uses including as a facer for a laminate board and for asphalt-impregnated webs.

Abstract: An apparatus in the treatment of stock passed to a headbox of a paper machine or equivalent includes at least two stock chests (10a1, 10a2). Stock (M1) from a first stock chest (10a1) is passed along a line (a1, a2) to a hydrococyclone plant (20) in the short circulation of the paper machine or equivalent. An accept line (a3) of the hydrocyclone plant is connected with a stock line (b1) of the stock (M2) fed from a second stock chest (10a2), and a combined stock flow is passed along a line (b2) to the headbox (100) of the paper machine or equivalent. A method in the treatment of the stock passed to a headbox of a paper machine or equivalent is disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method are provided for draining water from a cellulose web which is formed in a wedge-shaped space defined by two wires, the wires being supported on chamber assemblies including at one time at least one water receiving chamber, the water flowing therein through the wire as a result of a pressure difference. Each water receiving chamber has connected thereto at least one substantially vertical pipe having a vertical drop between its top and bottom end sufficient for developing a gravitational suction leg in the water flowing pipe, and the pipe terminating in a water receiver.

Abstract: Methods for recycling latex-containing broke are generally provided. Specifically, mechanical treatment may be employed to rework latex-containing broke for reuse in various products without the need for treatment with chemicals, such as hypochlorite, chlorine, or hypochlorous acid. As a result of mechanical treatment, fiber aggregates are formed that have a relatively small size. For instance, a large portion of the resulting fiber aggregates may be relatively free from the latex polymer. Specifically, the fiber aggregates can contain a “core” of latex from which extend short fibers and/or fragments that are uncoated with the latex. The result is fiber aggregates that are uniquely “partially coated” with a latex polymer. When recycled in paper products, these fiber aggregates may impart a variety of benefits, such as increased bulk retention and high water capacity without any loss in absorbency rate.

Abstract: A method of treating solid containing material derived from effluent or sludge from a plant for deinking paper, the material containing calcium in the form of one or more insoluble calcium compounds, the method including the steps of treating the material with an acid to cause dissolution of the calcium thereby forming a calcium ion-containing solution in which insoluble solids are suspended, separating the solution from the insoluble solids and incinerating the separated solids. The solution containing calcium ions may be treated by adding one or more reagents to form a calcium compound precipitate, eg calcium carbonate. The particulate solids produced following the incineration step and following the precipitate formation may be employed as pigments or fillers in paper making or paper coating.

Abstract: A system and method for altering the tack of a material, namely a polymer used as an adhesive, also known as stickies, or pitch. The present invention reduces the tack of the stickies and pitch by exposing the materials for a short duration to low-energy pulsed electrical discharges between a pair of electrodes that are submerged in a liquid medium, such as a fiber stream, water, a pulp slurry, or whitewater.

Abstract: Separation of dissolved and colloidal high molecular weight organic by-products from liquors or filtrates in a cellulosic pulping process to improve the overall efficiency of the process.

Abstract: A water jet cutter for separation of a trim strip from a moving paper, cardboard, tissue or other type of fiber web, in a machine for the production and/or conversion of the fiber web, including at least one nozzle whose water jet is directed onto the fiber web. An advantage of the present invention is to simplify the construction of the device while maintaining at least equal operational reliability, and to enable installation above a pulper in order to eliminate the necessity for removal and extraction systems.

Abstract: Enzyme-treated papermaking sludges are provided, as are methods of making the enzyme-treated sludge. Papermaking processes that incorporate the enzyme-treated papermaking sludges into papermaking pulp are also provided as are paper and paperboard products made from the resultant pulp.