Abstract: A thermal battery system may be provided comprising: a vessel comprising a phase change material and a gas; a heat exchanger configured to transfer heat to and/or from the phase change material; a temperature sensor configured to detect an indication of a temperature of the gas; a pressure sensor configured to detect an indication of a pressure of the gas; and a processor configured to determine a state of charge of the thermal battery system from the indication of the pressure and the indication of the temperature of the gas.

Abstract: Methods and systems for hardware maintenance and control are described. An electronic device may have a cooling component designed to dissipate excess thermal energy within the electronic device, or another component to address an operational deficiency. The electronic device may determine a performance threshold, a usage parameter, and a time and a duration for performing a maintenance procedure.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a heat exchanger including stacking a set of plates parallel to one another and to a longitudinal direction so as to define a plurality of passages suitable for the flow in the longitudinal direction of a first fluid to be brought into a heat-exchange relationship with at least a second fluid, said plates being delimited by a pair of longitudinal edges extending in the longitudinal direction and a pair of lateral edges extending in a lateral direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, and forming at least one of the plates by superposing at least a first flat product and a second flat product on top of one another, having at least one groove that extends parallel to the plates and leads towards the outside of the stack through at least one opening in a lateral or longitudinal edge.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for conducting burn-in testing of semiconductors is provided. A semiconductor device under test (DUT) with a plurality of contact pads is placed into a seal carrier. The seal carrier is then placed within a plurality of first inner walls of an outer housing of a burn-in testing apparatus that is fastened to a cold plate through a printed circuit board (PCB). The seal carrier has a plurality of second inner walls that define a recessed cavity. A lid is placed over the seal carrier and fastened to the outer housing to seal the recessed cavity. The recessed cavity is pneumatically pressurized to force the contact pads of the semiconductor DUT into electrical contact with a plurality of resiliently compressible pins of a socket of the PCB. The socket is then energized to conduct a burn-in test of the semiconductor DUT.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for drying electronic devices are disclosed. Embodiments include methods and apparatuses that heat and decrease pressure within the electronic device. Some embodiments increase and decrease pressure while adding heat energy, such as by using a heated platen in contact with the electronic device or by supplying a gas (e.g., air), which may be heated, into the interior of the electronic device.

Abstract: A vehicle thermal management system including an electric powertrain, a single thermal loop, and a controller is provided. The electric powertrain includes a high voltage battery. The single thermal loop is for managing thermal conditions of the high voltage battery and a vehicle cabin and may include a climate control system, a blower, and a front evaporator in fluid communication with the vehicle cabin. The controller is programmed to, responsive to detection of a climate control system off request, output a command to direct the blower to push air through a heater core to the vehicle cabin at a predetermined temperature such that a temperature within the vehicle cabin is maintained at a predetermined temperature and refrigerant continues to flow through the front evaporator. The system may include a vehicle cabin temperature sensor and an ambient temperature sensor, each in electrical communication with the controller.

Abstract: A hot water supply device including an inlet pipe, an outlet pipe, a burner unit, a heat exchanger, an exhaust aperture, a first temperature sensor detecting a measured exhaust temperature of the exhaust gas, a second temperature sensor detecting a water temperature of water entering the inlet pipe, and a processor. The processor is configured to obtain an error between the measured exhaust temperature and an estimated exhaust temperature, and detects that scale clogging has occurred inside the heat exchange tubing based on an index which is generated using the error between the measured exhaust temperature and the estimated exhaust temperature. The estimated exhaust temperature is a first predetermined value that is determined using a numerical equation which has at least the water temperature of water entering the inlet pipe and a scale number of the hot water supply device as variables of the numerical equation.

Abstract: This invention relates to a systems, methods and apparatuses for controlling a sleep environment, particularly for controlling an indoor sleep environment, and to a method and system of waking a sleeping person. The invention monitors one or both of wet-bulb globe temperatures (WBGTs) within the sleep environment and outdoors with a view to either altering the WBGT within the sleep environment to mimic a nadir or inflection point typically found outdoors and/or generate an alarm when a nadir or inflection point of the WBGT outdoors is determined.

Abstract: A method of optimizing thermocline zone within a thermal storage system including a plurality of storage tanks fluidly coupled to one another m series, to effectively form a single tank having an equivalent height of the combined height of the plurality of storage tanks. The method including identifying a thermocline zone, computing an average temperature (Tave) of the thermocline zone, directing thermal storage fluid from a bottom of an initial storage tank through a heat source heat exchanger, and terminating fluid flow from the bottom of the initial storage tank and directing thermal storage fluid from a bottom of a first subsequent storage tank when a temperature of the thermal storage fluid exiting the bottom of the initial storage tank reaches Tave.

Abstract: An indoor temperature control system includes a server, a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, and a third temperature sensor. The server obtains a first heat adjustment amount according to a first temperature value of the first temperature sensor. The server obtains a second heat adjustment amount according to a second temperature value of the second temperature sensor. The server obtains a predetermined amount of heat of a predetermined region according to a third temperature value of the third temperature sensor. The server obtains a heat flow simulation diagram according to the first heat adjustment amount, the second heat adjustment amount, and the predetermined amount of heat. The server determines an operating time of an air conditioning device based on a target temperature, the second temperature value, and the heat flow simulation diagram.

Abstract: A thermal management system for a gas turbine engine includes a cooler including a first portion and a second portion, the first portion for cooling a hot flow with a coolant and the second portion for cooling the coolant with a refrigerant. A vapor compression system circulates the refrigerant through the second portion of the cooler. The vapor compression system is a closed system in communication with at least one heat load in addition to the second portion of the cooler.

Abstract: A vehicle seat including: a seat cushion configured to support buttocks and thighs of a seated occupant; a temperature changing section that is provided at the seat cushion and is switchable between a first state in which the temperature changing section operates so as to warm the seated occupant from a front end portion of the seat cushion, and a second state in which the temperature changing section does not operate so as to warm the seated occupant from the front end portion of the seat cushion and a control section configured to control the temperature changing section so as to alternate repeatedly between the first state and the second state in a state in which an occupant is sitting on the seat cushion.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for providing adequate cooling inside control box of an electrical equipment. A method includes receiving air from one or more air ducts in a first section wherein the first section is coupled with the one or more air ducts. The method also includes providing the air to a first fan associated with the first section and transferring the air by the first fan to one or more second fans. The method further includes receiving air from the one or more air ducts associated with the first section to one or more vents in the second section and transferring the air from one or more vents to the one or more louvers and the first fan. Air transferred to the one or more louvers and the first fan is further transferred to the one or more second fans.

Abstract: A housing unit includes a cylindrical passage member, through which cooling water flows. A valve unit includes a valve main body rotatable around its axis and a valve opened portion formed in an outer peripheral surface of the valve main body, through which the cooling water can pass. A valve seat unit includes a positioned member and a valve seat surface. An outer peripheral surface of the positioned member is positioned in a radial direction by an inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical passage member and the positioned member is movable in an axial direction in a reciprocal manner. The valve seat surface holds a fluid tight condition between the valve seat surface and the valve main body when it is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the valve main body. A biasing member biases the valve seat unit in such a way that the valve seat surface is pushed to the outer peripheral surface of the valve main body.

Abstract: A building management system (BMS) includes a storage device having instructions stored thereon that, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform operations. The operations include receiving an indication of an event relating to building equipment operable to serve spaces of a building, the indication identifying at least one of a space or a type of equipment associated with the event, determining, based on the indication, that the one or more criteria are satisfied for a first filter of a plurality of filters, each filter of the plurality of filters associated with a subset of users and specifying one or more criteria for satisfying the filter, the one or more criteria comprising at least one of a space criterion or an equipment criterion, and providing a notification of the event to the subset of users associated with the first filter in response to a determination that the one or more criteria are satisfied for the first filter.

Abstract: A vehicle thermal management system includes a refrigerant system, a first valve, a second valve, a third valve, a first thermally managed assembly, a second thermally managed assembly, a chiller, and a radiator, where the chiller is connected to the refrigerant system, and the chiller and the radiator respectively are arranged for cooling and/or heating the first and/or the second thermally managed assembly. In a connected mode for cooling or heating the first thermally managed assembly and the second thermally managed assembly, the first thermally managed assembly and the second thermally managed assembly are connected to each other via the first valve, the second valve, and the third valve, where the first thermally managed assembly and the second thermally managed assembly are connectable to the chiller and/or the radiator in a connected thermal control loop.

Abstract: A heat pipe includes one or more reservoirs of liquid that are closed at lower temperatures and open at higher temperatures. The opening of the reservoirs at higher temperatures caused by higher power levels dynamically increases the amount of liquid in the heat pipe, which increases performance of the heat pipe at higher power levels. As the heat pipe cools, the liquid condenses and flows back into the reservoirs. As the heat pipe continues to cool, the reservoirs close. The result is a heat pipe that is more efficient at lower power levels and still maintains high efficiency at higher power levels due to the demand-based charging of the liquid based on temperature.

Abstract: The battery thermal management system includes a battery pack, a circulation subsystem, and a heat exchanger. The system can optionally include a cooling system, a reservoir, a de-ionization filter, a battery charger, and a controller.

Abstract: A sound level control system for a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system is provided. The sound level control system comprises an outdoor unit with a compressor, an outdoor fan, and an outdoor controller and a communication device located at a predefined distance from the outdoor unit. The communication device measures sound levels in response to operating the outdoor unit. The outdoor controller is configured to receive a first noise level limit for a predefined time period, receive an instruction related to selective control of the outdoor unit, selectively control both of the compressor to rotate at a first compressor speed and the outdoor fan to rotate at a first fan speed based on the noise level limit for the predefined time period, and receive information related to whether a sound pressure level at a predefined location exceeds the first noise level limit for the predefined time period.

Abstract: An air conditioning system includes: an air conditioner configured to supply air-conditioning air; and an air conditioner control device configured to control the air conditioner. The air conditioner includes: an outside air passage, through which outside air flows; a return air passage, through which return air flows; an outside air heat exchanger; a return air heat exchanger; an outside air vaporizing humidifier configured to humidity the outside air by utilizing evaporation of water; and a return air vaporizing humidifier configured to humidify the return air by utilizing evaporation of water. The air conditioner control device includes a first vaporizing cooler configured to operate at least one of the humidifiers to perform vaporization cooling of the air-conditioning air while preventing the air-conditioning air from exchanging heat with a heat exchange medium.

Abstract: A motor vehicle with a cooling system, comprising an electric traction motor, an ambient heat exchanger, a bypass to the ambient heat exchanger, a traction battery, a coolant heater, a coolant-refrigerant heat exchanger of an air conditioner, a first coolant pump, and a second coolant pump that are directly or indirectly connected or connectable to one another via coolant lines and a distribution system, characterized in that, in a first functional position of the distribution system, coolant is conveyable, by means of the first coolant pump, in a first coolant circuit that includes the traction motor, the bypass to the ambient heat exchanger, and the coolant-refrigerant heat exchanger, and coolant is conveyable, by means of the second coolant pump, in a second coolant circuit, separate from the first coolant circuit, that includes the traction battery and the coolant heater, and in a second functional position of the distribution system, coolant is conveyable, by means of the first coolant pump, in a third c

Abstract: A heat exchanger is provided including a first manifold, a second manifold separated from the first manifold, and a plurality of heat exchanger tubes arranged in spaced parallel relationship fluidly coupling the first and second manifolds. A first end of each heat exchange tube extends partially into an inner volume of the first manifold and has an inlet formed therein. A distributor is positioned within the inner volume of the first manifold. At least a portion of the distributor is arranged within the inlet formed in the first end of one or more of the plurality of heat exchange tubes.

Abstract: A module-based framework evaluates designs of advanced start stop systems, particularly 12V advanced start stop systems. The framework separates vehicle and battery analysis and uses a power profile to evaluate different designs of the vehicles and batteries. Particularly, the framework can evaluate different battery solutions and compare performances as a function of drive cycles, motor size, and electrical loads. In addition to modeling, actual batteries are tested for the same power inputs for validating performance differences. This framework identifies performance limiting components for determination of the vehicle system component optimization.

Abstract: Systems and methods for cooling include one or more computing structures, a heat rejection system configured to cool coolant, and one or more heat exchangers configured to selectively transfer heat from coolant in the intra-structure cooling system to coolant in the heat rejection system. Each computing structure includes one or more cooled servers and an intra-structure cooling system configured to selectively provide coolant to the one or more cooled servers. A controller is configured to adjust cooling of the coolant in accordance with ambient temperature information, to decrease cooling of the coolant if the coolant temperature falls below a first coolant threshold temperature by disengaging one or more heat exchangers, and to turn on additional servers if the coolant temperature is below the first cool and threshold and all heat exchangers have been disengaged.

Abstract: A battery for a vehicle and a method for controlling the same are provided. The battery includes a housing in which a plurality of battery cells are disposed and a thermoelectric element that is disposed between the plurality of battery cells and provided with electrodes connected in a zigzag configuration. Since heat flows in a lengthwise direction of the battery cells, heat transfer efficiency with respect to the battery cells is significantly improved. By directly attaching the thermoelectric element to the battery cell, a gap between the battery cells is reduced, and a temperature of each battery cell is individually managed with ease.

Abstract: A method of controlling the battery system of an electric vehicle includes detecting a thermal event in a first battery pack of a plurality of battery packs of the battery system, and at least partially powering down the electric vehicle automatically in response to the detected thermal event. The method may also include initiating a thermal rejection scheme in response to the detected thermal event.

Abstract: An assembly useable with a cooling system is provided herein. The assembly includes a support member, a channel, and a fluid control mechanism. The support member includes a receiving member formed therein to receive a thermal member. The channel is formed within the support member to carry a fluid therethrough. The fluid control mechanism is along the channel to control the flow of the fluid.

Abstract: A dehumidification system for a marine vessel includes a dehumidifier having a supply and return. The dehumidifier is supported in an interior space of the marine vessel, separated from the outside ambient environment. The supply provides dehumidifier to air through dedicated ducting to one or more locations throughout the vessel. The return includes dedicated ducting that draws air from a return grate located away from any doors on the vessel that are open directly to the outside ambient air. For example, the return grill is positioned in a space below deck. The dehumidification system includes a controller that is positioned near the return grate.

Abstract: A calorimeter head and an associated system are provided. The calorimeter head provides symmetric circumferential laminar flow parallel to the bottom plane of a substrate plate of the calorimeter head. The calorimeter head defines a cavity which employs multiple tangentially arranged inlets for receipt of a flow of coolant from a control unit of the system.

Abstract: Disclosed are active engine compartment venting systems, methods for making and using such systems, and vehicles equipped with an active engine compartment vent and control logic for operating the vent. A method is disclosed for regulating operation of an active venting device fluidly coupled to a vent in an engine hood of a motor vehicle. The method includes a vehicle controller determining if a calibrated vehicle venting condition exists, and determining if a calibrated vehicle speed condition exists. Responsive to determining that the calibrated vehicle venting condition exists, the controller commands the active venting device to transition to an open state and thereby unobstruct the vent and allow venting fluid flow therethrough. Conversely, in response to determining that the calibrated vehicle speed condition exists, the controller commands the active venting device to transition to a closed state to thereby obstruct the vent and restrict venting fluid flow therethrough.

Abstract: A cooling structure for a battery pack is provided. The battery pack is positioned in a luggage space of a vehicle. The cooling structure includes an intake port, a blower, a first duct, and a second duct. An intake port is positioned in an occupant space. A blower is positioned on a side opposite to the occupant space across the battery pack, and configured to supply air blowing in from the intake port to the battery pack. A first duct is configured to connect the intake port and an inflow port of the blower to each other. A second duct is configured to connect an outflow port of the blower and a suction port of the battery pack to each other.

Abstract: A method for controlling a temperature adjustment system of a machine tool is provided. With the method, a temperature rise value ?Tk of a main spindle device after stopping of rotation of a main spindle is obtained by using a reference temperature measured by a machine body temperature sensor mounted in a portion other than the main spindle device of a machine tool to calculate an estimated temperature yk. Therefore, as compared to a conventional method based only on a temperature of a cooling medium, supply of the cooling medium by a cooling device can be stopped or an operation of the cooling device can be switched from a first mode to a second mode without deteriorating machining accuracy in the main spindle device, thereby efficiently reducing power consumption.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for drying electronic devices are disclosed. Embodiments include methods and apparatuses that heat and decrease pressure within the electronic device. Some embodiments increase and decrease pressure while adding heat energy, such as by using a heated platen in contact with the electronic device or by supplying a gas (e.g., air), which may be heated, into the interior of the electronic device.

Abstract: The invention relates to a monitoring method for monitoring the energy requirement of an extrusion installation (10), comprising the following steps: Setting of a balancing limit (20), in whose balancing space (22) the extrusion installation (10) is assembled, Monitoring of at least one energy flow (30) into the balancing space (22), Monitoring of a feed flow (40) of granules in the extrusion installation (10), Determining the relation between the at least one energy flow (30) and the feed flow (40).

Abstract: A passenger restraint includes a vehicle seat and a foundation adapted to couple the seat to a vehicle frame included in a vehicle. The vehicle seat is adapted to support a passenger sitting thereon. The foundation couples the vehicle seat in spaced-apart relation to the vehicle frame to allow the vehicle seat to move back and forth relative to the vehicle frame.

Abstract: A method of coordinated flow control in a heat exchanger system includes adjusting a position of a variable actuator of the heat exchanger system if an associated monitored temperature of the heat exchanger system needs adjustment, determining if the adjusted position of the variable actuator is within a predetermined range of positions, adjusting a position of a discrete actuator of the heat exchanger system if the adjusted position of the variable actuator is not within the predetermined range of positions, and resetting the position of the variable actuator in response to adjusting the position of the discrete actuator.

Abstract: An exemplary method of controlling flow through a battery pack includes, in a first operating condition, moving flow through a first section of an enclosure using a first fan, and moving flow through a second section of the enclosure using a second fan. In a second operating condition, the method moves flow through the second section using the first fan.

Abstract: A heat exchanger apparatus containing a heat exchanger and a thermally actuated bypass valve is described. The heat exchanger has a plurality of plates defining a first, a second and a bypass channels. A first fluid inlet manifold is in fluid communication with the first and the bypass channels. The bypass valve is positioned in the first fluid inlet manifold, and contains a sleeve having a first slot and a second slot, that permit fluid flow from a first fluid inlet to the bypass channel and to the first fluid inlet manifold, respectively. A drum is positioned within the sleeve and is movable from a first position to a second position. The drum has an aperture permitting first fluid flow to the first slot in the first position and to the second slot in the second position. An actuator engages the drum and actuates it to move from the first position to the second position.

Abstract: An exemplary fan assembly of a flow control system includes a first fan that communicates flow through a first section of a battery pack enclosure under a first system operating condition, and communicates flow through a second section of the battery pack enclosure under a second system operating condition. A second fan communicates flow through the second section under the first system operating condition.

Abstract: An assembly useable with a cooling system is provided herein. The assembly includes a support member, a channel, and a fluid control mechanism. The support member includes a receiving member formed therein to receive a thermal member. The channel is formed within the support member to carry a fluid therethrough. The fluid control mechanism is along the channel to control the flow of the fluid.

Abstract: The vehicle control apparatus configured to control a vehicle includes a fuel cell configured to supply electric power to the vehicle; an air conditioning mechanism having a heater core; a first medium circuit; a radiator installed in the first medium circuit; a bypass circuit formed in the first medium circuit to make a bypass flow of the cooling medium bypassing the radiator; a regulation valve installed in the first medium circuit to regulate a ratio of a flow rate of the cooling medium going through the radiator to a flow rate of the cooling medium going through the bypass circuit; a second medium circuit; a cooling medium circulation pump installed in at least one of the first medium circuit and the second medium circuit; a temperature acquisition module; a warm-up controller; and a state switchover structure.

Abstract: A cooling system is provided which includes, for instance, a coolant circulation loop, one or more primary coolant pumps, and a fill and drain pump. The primary coolant pump(s) is coupled to facilitate circulating coolant through the coolant circulation loop, and the fill and drain pump facilitates selective filling of the cooling system with the coolant, or draining of the coolant from the cooling system. The fill and drain pump is integrated with the cooling system as a backup coolant pump to the primary coolant pump(s), and circulates the coolant through the coolant circulation loop responsive to an error in the primary coolant pump(s). The primary coolant pump(s) and fill and drain pumps may be different types of pumps, and the cooling system further includes a control system for automatically activating the fill and drain pump upon detection of an error in the primary coolant pump(s).

Abstract: A design optimization system (100) and a method for achieving design optimization for cooling are described herein. According to an implementation, the method includes obtaining an inlet value of at least one flow parameter at a small geometric length scale and determining an outlet value of the at least one flow parameter at the small geometric length scale based on the inlet value. Further, a flow behavior is modeled based on the inlet and outlet values of the at least one flow parameter, and based on the modeled flow behavior an optimized design for cooling is ascertained.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a waste heat recovery system including a first heating line, a second heating line, and a valve section. The first heating line in a working fluid circuit includes a first heat exchanger operatively connected to transfer heat energy to a working fluid. The second heating line in the working fluid circuit includes a second heat exchanger operatively connected to transfer heat to the working fluid. The valve section is selectively controllable to provide a first configuration in which the first heat exchanger and second heat exchangers are operatively connected to the working fluid circuit in parallel and a second configuration in which the first heat exchanger and second heat exchanger are operatively connected to the working fluid circuit in series.

Abstract: A hot water supply device 1 includes a fin-and-tube type heat exchanger (21) that applies heat to fresh water with combustion gases, and a heat exchanger casing (22) for housing the heat exchanger (21), and in order to be able reliably to determine by a simple method whether the hot water supply device is clogged by lime scale, there are provided a temperature detector (31) for detecting the surface temperature of the heat exchanger casing (22) and a control unit (7) that determines that scale has built up in the heat exchange tubing (27) of the heat exchanger (21) when the temperature detected by this temperature detector (31) is greater than a set temperature.

Abstract: A control apparatus for a parallel-type chiller provided with multiple shell-and-tube-type heat exchangers and multiple compressors, the control apparatus having an estimation section which estimates a terminal temperature difference in an upstream-side space on the basis of a terminal temperature difference between a saturation temperature of a second fluid and a measured exit temperature value, the saturation temperature being estimated on the basis of a pressure value of the second fluid in a downstream-side space, the measured exit temperature value being a temperature of the first fluid measured at an exit of the heat exchanger, and estimates a temperature of the first fluid in the vicinity of an exit of the upstream-side space on the basis of the terminal temperature difference in the upstream-side space and the saturation temperature of the second fluid in the upstream-side space.

Abstract: A heated non-contact wafer handling gripper may heat a thin device wafer bottom surface having a temporary bonding adhesive residue after debonding of the device wafer from a carrier along a layer of temporary bonding adhesive that bonds the wafers. The gripper may heat residue of the adhesive that remains on the bottom surface while gripping, transferring and placing the wafer onto an adhesive cleaning chuck. The heated adhesive cleaning chuck may heat the thin device wafer bottom surface having the adhesive residue after being placed on the chucks. The chuck may heat the residue of the adhesive while the residue is cleaned from the wafer. Due to the heating by the chuck and/or gripper, wafer warpage and associated problems due to cooling of the residue may be eliminated or acceptable for wafer handling and adhesive cleaning.

Abstract: A battery device has at least two interconnected battery modules and at least one cooling plate arranged between two battery modules for cooling the battery modules. A housing encases the battery device and is provided with a frame structure. The at least one cooling plate is traversed by a flow of fluid and is formed from two metal layers that are connected to one another. Additionally, the at least one cooling plate is connected fixedly at least by its ends to the frame structure and stiffens the frame structure. Thus, the battery device exhibits high power and is robust.

Abstract: A container that holds rack mountable electronics equipment includes a plurality of rack enclosures and a corresponding plurality of enclosure cooling units. Each rack enclosure is movably mounted in the container such it can move from a position abutting a front of an enclosure cooling unit to a maintenance and access position spaced apart from the enclosure cooling unit. Each enclosure cooling unit is capable of providing varying amounts of cool air to the rack enclosure it abuts, so that the interior of each rack enclosure can be maintained at a different temperature.

Abstract: Provided is a central cooling system including: a ventilation fan unit configured to provide air to a predetermined space; a chiller unit configured to provide heat exchange medium to lower temperature of the air; a cooling tower unit configured to provide a coolant to the chiller unit to lower temperature of the heat exchange medium, and configured to lower temperature of the coolant through heat exchange between the coolant and ambient air; a sensor unit configured to measure the temperatures of the air, the heat exchange medium, and the coolant, and temperature and humidity of the ambient air; and a control unit configured to monitor energy consumption of the central cooling system and configured to calculate at least one of a control temperature of the heat exchange medium, a control temperature of the coolant, and a control temperature of the air which minimizes the energy consumption.