Abstract: A ground opening device intended for use with agricultural apparatus is disclosed. The device has a rotatable cutting element and a mounting means. The rotatable cutting element has a cutting edge which forms a narrow groove in the ground when the cutting element is rotated. The cutting element is arranged such that its cutting edge oscillates in two directions simultaneously: in a direction substantially transverse to the groove being formed in the ground and in a direction substantially vertical with respect to the ground surface.

Abstract: A tandem offset disc implement comprising a frame on wheels, a tongue pivoted at the forward end of the frame for hitching the disc to a tractor, the frame being movable up and down, forward and rearward gangs of discs on opposite sides of the frame swingable between a field position extending out from the sides of the frame and a transport position extending rearward and also swingable up and down relative to the frame, swivel wheels for the gangs, and linkages between the tongue and the gangs for maintaining the gangs in field position for tilling.

Abstract: A disk tiller blade which cuts, rather than pushes laterally, soil, in keeping with minimum tillage practices so as to greatly reduce the energy exerted in driving a gang of disks. The blade is generally circular and divided into either semicircular or quarter concavo-convex sections. The concave surface of each section faces in a direction opposite the concave surface of adjacent sections. Interconnecting members interconnect adjacent sections. In the semicircular section embodiment, the mounting means has a longitudinal axis which lies in a plane define in the interconnecting member. In the quarter section embodiment, each section is turned so that the plane defined by the outer edge of each section forms an angle of less than 90.degree. with the longitudinal axis of the mounting means. The shape of the disk is adjusted so that the perpendicular distance between each point along the outer edge of the disk to the longitudinal axis of the mounting means is constant.

Abstract: A seedling transplanter has a main frame securable to a drawing vehicle by a draft bar and supported for movement over a piece of ground in which seedlings are to be planted. Coulter assemblies are mounted on the main frame for cutting a furrow as the frame transverses the ground, with each of the coulter assemblies including a disk having a substantially planar main portion and a bent portion, with the amount of bend of the latter portion determining the width of the furrow. The draft bar is pivotally mounted on the main frame for swinging movement in a substantially vertical plane so as to permit the transplanter to traverse rocks and similar objects within the soil without the coulter disks being lifted from the ground, with a stop being provided on the draft bar for permitting the conventional lift provided on the towing tractor to cause the coulter assemblies to be disengaged from the ground as desired.

Abstract: A tillage apparatus for sod seeding usage includes a plurality of tillage unit assemblies having power driven blades receiving power from a tractor which tows the apparatus. An improved tillage blade is disclosed.