Abstract: A magnetorheological brake device has a stationary holder and two brake components. A first brake component is connected to the holder for conjoint rotation and extends in the axial direction. A second brake component includes a hollow sleeve part which can rotate about the first brake component. A gap is formed between the first and second brake components. At least one, two or more rotatable transmission components are arranged in the gap. The gap is filled with a magnetorheological medium. The first brake component has a core which extends in the axial direction and is made of a magnetically conductive material, and an electrical coil which is wound about the core in the axial direction, such that a magnetic field generated by the electrical coil extends across the first brake component.

Abstract: The present disclosure is a high-stability and large-torque magnetorheological fluid clutch. Firstly, in order to prevent sedimentation of the magnetorheological fluid, blades are installed on the disc body of an input disc. When the clutch operates in a power interruption mode, the blades can stir the magnetorheological fluid, so that the sedimented magnetorheological fluid is uniformly mixed. Secondly, in order to improve the maximum transmission torque of the magnetorheological fluid clutch, an excitation magnetic field is increased in a mode that a permanent magnet and an electromagnet are connected in series. Meanwhile, a third electric push rod is used for pushing the input disc, and the magnetorheological fluid works in a shearing-extruding working mode, so that the yield stress of the magnetorheological fluid is improved. Therefore, the maximum transmission torque of the magnetorheological fluid clutch is improved.

Abstract: A rotational resistance apparatus includes a rotational shaft member including a first shaft portion, a second shaft portion, and a third shaft portion disposed between the first and second shaft portions and having a diameter larger than that of each of the first and second shaft portions, and the rotational shaft member being made of a magnetic material, a housing member configured to hold the rotational shaft member and made of a magnetic material, a first coil disposed between an outer circumferential surface of the first shaft portion and an inner circumferential surface of the housing member, a second coil disposed between an outer circumferential surface of the second shaft portion and the inner circumferential surface of the housing member, and a magnetic viscose fluid disposed between an outer circumferential surface of the third shaft portion and the inner circumferential surface of the housing member.

Abstract: A torque generation apparatus includes a magnetic disc rotatable about a rotation axis, a first yoke, a second yoke, a magnetic viscous fluid placed between the magnetic disc and the first yoke and the second yoke, a coil, and a third yoke. The coil overlaps with the magnetic disc as viewed along the rotation axis. The third yoke constitutes a magnetic path of a magnetic field generated by the coil together with the first yoke and the second yoke. The magnetic disc includes a torque increasing portion at at least one of a surface facing the first yoke and a surface facing the second yoke. The torque increasing portion is provided in an outer circumferential area of the magnetic disc in a radial direction and causes a shearing force to a cluster of the magnetic viscous fluid to become larger than that in the inner circumferential area.

Abstract: A magnetorheological fluid clutch apparatus comprises an input(s) having an input shear surface(s). An output(s) is rotatably mounted about the input for rotating about a common axis with the input, the output(s) having output shear surface(s), the input shear surface and the output shear surface separated annular space(s), with magnetorheological fluid, configured to generate a variable amount of torque transmission between the sets of input rotor and output rotor when subjected to a magnetic field. An electromagnet(s) delivers a magnetic field through the magnetorheological fluid, the electromagnet configured to vary the strength of the magnetic field, whereby actuation of the electromagnet results in torque transmission from the input to the output. A member(s) defining at least one of the shear surfaces is made of a low-permeability material.

Abstract: An electric motor comprising: a first element having at least one electromagnet, a second element, rotatable relative to the first element about an axis, the second element comprising at least one permanent magnet, wherein the electric motor is arranged to generate a torque by applying a rotating magnetic field to the second element, and a friction member coupled to the first element such that the friction member is non-rotatable relative to the first element about the axis, the friction member comprising a magnetically susceptible material and being biased by a first biasing force toward the second element, wherein the first element, the second element and the friction member are configured such that: when the electromagnet is not energized, the first biasing force causes the friction member to contact the second element to generate a braking torque.

Abstract: Clutch apparatus, systems, and related methods for use with vehicle stabilizer bars are disclosed. A disclosed stabilizer bar disconnect system includes a fluidic clutch configured to control torque transferred between first and second bar members during a driving event to control a roll stiffness of a vehicle. The fluidic clutch includes: a housing, a fluid chamber in the housing; a fluid reservoir in fluid communication with the fluid chamber; first and second fluid control members in the fluid chamber and connected to the first and second bar members, and fluid valves configured to control a flow of a fluid through the fluid chamber and the fluid reservoir. The fluidic clutch is changeable between a connected state in which the fluidic clutch couples the first bar member to the second bar member and a disconnected state in which the fluidic clutch decouples the first bar member from the second bar member.

Abstract: A system for assisting a user in moving a device relative to a structure comprises a magnetorheological (MR) fluid actuator unit including at least one torque source and at least one MR fluid clutch apparatus having an input coupled to the at least one torque source to receive torque from the at least one torque source, the MR fluid clutch apparatus controllable to transmit a variable amount of assistance force via an output thereof. An interface is configured for coupling the output of the at least one MR fluid clutch apparatus to the device or surrounding structure. At least one sensor provides information about a movement of the device.

Abstract: Described herein are eddy current brakes and associated methods of their use, particularly configurations that have a kinematic relationship with at least two rotational degrees of freedom used to tune operation of the brake or apparatus in which the brake is located.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the field of display technology and, more particularly, to a carrier substrate and its fabricating method, a flexible substrate and its fabricating method, and a display device. The carrier substrate includes a base including a first face and a second face opposite to the first face; a bonding portion disposed on the second face and including a magnetic particle, the magnetic particle being capable of rotating under the action of an external magnetic field, wherein the magnetic particle includes a first portion and a second portion, when the first portion faces a side away from the first face, a binding force between the bonding portion and a flexible base can be weakened; when the second portion faces the side away from the first face, a binding force between the bonding portion and the flexible base can be enhanced.

Abstract: A linear energy generator includes a field coil array that has one or more coils of wire, contained within a sealed generator housing and wrapped around a tube. A permanent magnet array is positioned within the tube and includes magnets that move relative to the field coil array to generate electricity. A magnetic lubricant is used between the tube and the permanent magnet array. The magnetic lubricant includes a solid phase component that includes ferromagnetic particles and a liquid phase component that coats the ferromagnetic particles to prevent corrosion and to improve lubricity of the solid phase component.

Abstract: A manipulation device has a manipulation body rotationally operated by the manipulator, a support body rotatably supporting the manipulation body, and a rotational load imparting mechanism. The rotational load imparting mechanism has a movable member engaged with the rotational axis of the manipulation body, a magnetism generating mechanism facing the movable member with a gap intervening, and a magnetic viscous fluid, its viscosity changing according to the strength of a magnetic field. The magnetism generating mechanism has a coil generating a magnetic field and a first yoke provided so as to enclose the coil. The first yoke has a first opposing part and second opposing part, which are separated by slits, on a side facing the movable member. The magnetic viscous fluid is filled in the gap, which is between the first opposing part and the movable member and between the second opposing part and the movable member.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention provides a sealing member including a magnetic powder and at least one selected from the group consisting of a rubber material and a resin material, the magnetic powder being obtained by removing a dispersion medium from a magnetic fluid including magnetic particles, a dispersant and dispersion medium.

Abstract: A drive device for a motor vehicle, includes a differential gearing and a torque vectoring unit having an electric machine, wherein the differential gearing has a first and a second planet set, which are rotatably supported on a common planet carrier, wherein the first planet set meshes at least with a first sun, the second planet set meshes at least with a second sun, and the two planet sets at least mesh with each other in pairs, and wherein at least the second sun is connected to the torque vectoring unit in order to redistribute the torque between the first and the second suns.

Abstract: A metal stamping tool includes a hybrid magnetorheological-nitrogen spring including a housing having an interior wall defining an interior volume. A fixed divider separates the interior volume into a nitrogen gas chamber and a magnetorheological fluid chamber. A piston extends into both the nitrogen gas chamber and the magnetorheological fluid chamber. The piston defines a magnetorheological fluid gap within the magnetorheological fluid chamber. An electric coil positioned adjacent the fluid gap to apply a magnetic field to magnetorheological fluid within the fluid gap when the electric coil is energized.

Abstract: A stator lamination for an electric machine has a circular lamination with an annular bore therethrough; winding slots therethrough; and, slot closures disposed adjacent to the winding slots. The stator lamination is formed of a dual magnetic phase material, such that the magnetic property of the lamination can have a first state and a magnetic property in a second state, wherein the second state is different than the first state. The slot closures regions are treated so as to transition to the second state. A method of manufacturing an electric machine component is also disclosed.

Abstract: A rotor for a permanent magnet machine includes first and second axially successive rotor sections each including permanent magnets generating magnetic field having a pole pitch. The rotor includes a first coupling system for connecting the first rotor section to a shaft and a second coupling system for connecting the second rotor section to the shaft or to the first rotor section. The second rotor section is rotatable with respect to the first rotor section by an angle corresponding to the pole pitch in response to releasing the second coupling system so as to set the stator flux-linkages generated by the first and second rotor sections to be substantially zeroes. Thereafter, the permanent magnets do not substantially induce voltages on the stator windings even if the rotor is rotating during for example an internal fault of stator windings.

Abstract: A shift change practice device capable of improving the effect of learning a shift change operation is provided. The shift change practice device includes: an optimum speed calculation unit that calculates an optimum value or an optimum range of an engine revolution speed in the event of a shift change; a revolution speed comparison unit that determines whether or not a detected revolution speed that is a detected value of the engine revolution speed is equal to the optimum value or whether or not the detected revolution speed is included in the optimum range, in a state where a clutch is disconnected; and a notification instruction unit that instructs a notification device to give a predetermined notification to a driver when the detected revolution speed is equal to the optimum value or the detected revolution speed is included in the optimum range, in the state where the clutch is disconnected.

Abstract: An electromagnetic generator comprises one or more flux assembly having at least one coil and at least one magnetic field source separated by a gap. An interference drum has a sidewall at least partially positioned inside the gap and comprising at least one magnetic field permeable zone and at least one magnetic field impermeable zone. The interference drum is movable relative to the at least one coil and to the at least one magnetic field source to alternatively position the at least one magnetic field permeable zone and the at least one magnetic field impermeable zone of the sidewall inside the gap. When the interference drum is moved, magnetic flux is created in the coil, and induces electrical current to flow into the coil. The coil may be connected to an external circuit, such that the electrical current may flow through the external circuit.

Abstract: An exemplary apparatus includes a common movable driving member for actuating a plurality of flight control surfaces; a first power transfer device configured to variably adjust power transfer from the common movable driving member to a first of the plurality of flight control surfaces; and a second power transfer device configured to variably adjust power transfer from the common movable driving member to a second of the plurality of flight control surfaces. The power transferred to the second flight control surface may be adjusted independently of the power transferred to the first flight control surface. Apparatus and methods for actuating flight control surfaces using magneto-rheological fluid or electro-rheological fluid are also disclosed.

Abstract: Provided is a clutch control device for a work machine capable of controlling a fan to an appropriate rotational speed. In the clutch control device for the work machine, a controller includes a target fan rotational speed calculation module that calculates a target fan rotational speed for the fan, a clutch characteristic curve storage module that stores a plurality of clutch characteristic curves, a clutch command calculation module that outputs with reference to a clutch characteristic curve a first clutch control signal corresponding to the target fan rotational speed, a feedback control module that output a second clutch control signal based on the difference between the target fan rotational speed and an actual fan rotational speed, and an adder that adds the first clutch control signal and the second clutch control signal to output a third clutch control signal.

Abstract: An anti-recoil device is for being inserted in the stock of a firearm is provided. The anti-recoil device may include a cylindrical tube having a hollow core, a reciprocating magnet which can slide back and forth within the hollow core, and an end magnet disposed at each end of the hollow core, with the magnets oriented such that the magnetic poles of the reciprocating magnet face like poles of the end magnets. During operation, the recoil force of the firearm is partially counteracted by the interaction of the repelling magnetic forces. In some embodiments, the anti-recoil device includes a metal coil with windings around the exterior of the cylindrical tube. In other embodiments, the anti-recoil device includes air vents which allow the reciprocating magnet to create air cushions within the cylindrical tube.

Abstract: A transmission apparatus has two components that move in translation relative to one another and a coupling gap between the components containing a magnetorheological medium. The gap is formed and sealed outwardly at first and second ends so that the magnetorheological medium remains in the coupling gap as a sort of controllable friction lining, irrespective of a coupling between the components, in accordance with the magnetic field applied in the coupling gap. One of the components has plurality of radially extending arms that carry a magnetic field generation device. Each magnetic field generation device has an electric coil with a least one winding extends completely beside the central axis and at a distance therefrom. Different poles of the magnetic field generation devices are provided at the adjacent ends of adjacent arms of a component. The coupling gap is connected to a reservoir of magnetorheological medium.

Abstract: A liquid cooled viscous fan clutch transfers torque from a driving plate driven by an engine crankshaft to a driven plate connected to a cooling fan. Heat generated in a working fluid is transferred to a second fluid, such as engine coolant or transmission fluid, flowing through a cooling jacket. The cooling jacket is located in a stationary housing which may be fixed to the engine. The working fluid circulates through a working zone, a passageway in the stationary housing, and a passageway in the driving plate. Rotation of the driving plate provides the motive force to circulate the fluid, independent of the rotation speed of the driven plate. A controllable valve may be closed to block circulation, trapping working fluid in a reservoir, to disengage the clutch.

Abstract: A transfer for a four-wheel drive vehicle includes a case, an input shaft, a output shaft, a output member, a friction clutch, an actuator, a pressing mechanism, a locking sleeve, a first locking sleeve driving mechanism, and a second locking sleeve driving mechanism. The second locking sleeve driving mechanism is configured to move a locking sleeve independently of the actuator and the first locking sleeve driving mechanism. The second locking sleeve driving mechanism includes a pushpin. The pushpin is configured to move in a second axial direction that is perpendicular to a first axial direction and engage with a cam groove. The pushpin is configured to move the locking sleeve toward the output member side as the locking sleeve rotates when the pushpin is engaged with the cam groove.

Abstract: An agricultural metering system includes a meter roller having multiple flutes and recesses, in which the meter roller is configured to meter product from an agricultural product storage compartment to a product distribution system via rotation of the meter roller. The agricultural metering system also includes a shaft configured to drive the meter roller to rotate, and a clutch assembly operatively coupled to the meter roller. The clutch assembly includes a magnetorheological (MR) fluid, a rotation rate of the meter roller is at least partially dependent on an effective viscosity of the MR fluid, and the effective viscosity of the MR fluid is controllable based at least in part on an effective magnitude of a magnetic field applied to the MR fluid.

Abstract: An electronic component for guiding a magnetic field comprises a core (20) of a magnetizable material, which has at least two spaced-apart legs (11a, 11b) with opposing surfaces (O11a, O11b) separated from one another by a gap (S). The component comprises at least one compressible molding (20), which is arranged compressed in the gap (S), the at least one molding (20) being in contact with the respective surfaces (O11a, O11b) of the at least two spaced-apart legs (11a, 11b).

Abstract: A magnetic fluid seal includes a pole ring having an inner diameter, a rotatable shaft having an outer diameter, the rotatable shaft configured to extend along the inner diameter of the pole ring between an atmosphere side and vacuum side, at least one magnet coupled to the pole ring, the at least one magnet configured to emit a magnetic field having a strength and a shape, and grooves formed on either the inner diameter of the pole ring or the outer diameter of the shaft, the grooves capable of containing ferromagnetic fluid. The ferromagnetic fluid contained the grooves varies so as to improve the performance of the magnetic fluid seal.

Abstract: A secondary brake for commercial vehicles using Magnetorheological (MR) fluid may include a rotor coupled to a transmission output shaft to be rotated together, a stator configured to be disposed between the rotor and a body of a transmission and having a cavity into which the MR fluid is filled and a portion of the rotor is received, and a stator coil provided in a portion of the stator and applying a magnetic field to the MR fluid so that braking torque is generated due to a shear resistance characteristic of the MR fluid.

Abstract: A downhole apparatus for use in a wellbore includes a housing having at least one passage or cavity capable of receiving a fluid. The downhole apparatus further includes an orifice in fluid communication with the passage or cavity. A viscosity-altering member is positioned in proximity to the orifice and is capable of being activated to change the viscosity of the fluid and thus a rate at which the fluid is able to pass through the orifice.

Abstract: A roll mount using a magnetorheological fluid may include a bracket which has a mounting portion having a pipe shape, an insulator made of an elastic material and fitted into the mounting portion, the insulator having therein two liquid chambers that are in communication with each other through flow paths and having a core coupled to a center thereof, and a coil which is wound around an outside of the insulator, in which a magnetorheological fluid is encapsulated in the liquid chambers, the magnetorheological fluid flows while the insulator is elastically deformed by a load applied to the core, and a flow rate of the magnetorheological fluid is adjusted depending on an amount of electric current applied to the coil.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a trim actuator for a pilot input device includes a driven member and a driving member configured to receive mechanical energy from a power source. A magnetorheological (MR) fluid is disposed between the driving member and the driven member and configured to transmit a variable amount of mechanical energy from the driving member to the driven member. An output member configured to be coupled between the driven member and the pilot input device. A magnetic circuit configured to deliver a magnetic field towards the MR fluid. The magnetic circuit is configured to control movement of the pilot input device by varying the strength of the magnetic field delivered towards the first MR fluid.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a trim actuator for a pilot input device includes a driven member and a driving member configured to receive mechanical energy from a power source. A magnetorheological (MR) fluid is disposed between the driving member and the driven member and configured to transmit a variable amount of mechanical energy from the driving member to the driven member such that the driven member moves in a first direction. An output member configured to be coupled between the driven member and the pilot input device. A spring is in mechanical communication with the output member and configured to apply a force in a second direction opposite of the first direction. A magnetic circuit is configured to control movement of the pilot input device by varying the strength of a magnetic field delivered towards the first MR fluid.

Abstract: The invention relates to a damping arrangement for dissipating oscillation energy of an element in a system, more particularly in a microlithographic projection exposure apparatus, comprising an absorber mass, which is mounted via a stable mounting with respect to the element, wherein the absorber mass is arranged in a cavity present within the element and is at least partly surrounded by a fluid situated in the cavity, wherein a mass-spring system is formed by the absorber mass, the system damping a translational movement component of an oscillation of the element that exists at the linking point of the absorber mass, and wherein the stable mounting is formed by a rheological fluid that is electrically controllable or controllable via electric or magnetic fields.

Abstract: Systems and methods relating to a clutch system for use in controllably transmitting torque from an input shaft to an output shaft. The clutch system has a torque transmission fluid that has a viscosity that changes based on the strength of an electromagnetic field passing through the fluid. A number of sensors are placed at different radial locations on the torque transmission disks to detect the strength of the electromagnetic field. Based on the strength of the electromagnetic field, the amount of torque being transmitted from the input shaft to the output shaft can be adjusted. Also disclosed is a distributed actuation architecture that uses this clutch system. The distributed actuation architecture allows for the use of a single drive motor in conjunction with multiple instances of the clutch system to actuate a mechanical linkage, such as a robotic arm.

Abstract: The bicycle with adjustable pedaling resistance using magnetorheological-based fluid is a bicycle that includes a pedaling resistance member. The pedaling resistance member is optionally used to increase the resistance of the bicycle pedals when in use. The pedaling resistance member is integrated into the frame of the bicycle, and includes a hollow cylinder that is partially filled with a magnetorheological fluid. A paddle is affixed to a crankshaft that extends between the bicycle pedals, and across the hollow cylinder. A powering member is in wired connection with an electromagnetic coil, which is in fluid connection with the magnetorheological fluid. The powering member is able to apply electricity to the magnetorheological fluid, which in turn increases viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid thereby increasing pedaling resistance to the bicycle pedals via the paddle rotating within the hollow cylinder.

Abstract: A transmission device includes an input shaft, a first transmission mechanism, a speed changing mechanism, and an output shaft. The first transmission mechanism includes a transmission shaft, an inner magnetic member received in the transmission shaft, a mounting housing coupled to the input shaft, and an outer magnetic member. The input shaft is configured to rotate the mounting housing. The outer magnetic member is received in the mounting housing and positioned adjacent to the inner magnetic member. A magnetic pole of the inner magnetic member is opposite to a magnetic pole of the outer magnetic member. The speed changing mechanism is coupled to the transmission shaft. The output shaft is coupled to the speed changing mechanism.

Abstract: A solenoid valve with the magnet filter includes a flange having a guide hollow part formed therein, in which at least one port that communicates with the guide hollow part is formed on an outer circumferential surface of the flange to be spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance in a lengthwise direction; a spool that is slidably installed in the guide hollow part; and a driving unit that is installed at a lower end of the spool and allows the spool to slide along the guide hollow part by a supply of current, wherein a bypass flow passage is formed in the driving unit so that bypass of oil or air is performed, and a magnet filter is installed at one side of the bypass flow passage so as to prevent introduction of metallic foreign substances.

Abstract: A rotary actuator and a method of providing kinesthesia using a magnetorheological fluid are provided. The method includes generating a solenoid which generates a magnetic field, thereby forming flux lines, in response to a current being applied thereto. A cylindrical rotor surrounds inner, outer and top surfaces of the solenoid, is freely rotatable about a rotary shaft disposed in an opened central portion thereof. A cylindrical housing surrounds inner, outer and bottom surfaces of the solenoid, and engages with the rotor. The magnetorheological fluid is disposed inside gaps among the solenoid, the rotor and the housing, and generates magnetic chains along the flux lines in response to the magnetic field. The thickness of walls of the rotor which surround the inner and outer surfaces of the solenoid decreases in the top-to-bottom direction. A space having a predetermined width is defined around the rotary shaft.

Abstract: A power transmission unit includes a first input shaft and a second input shaft which can be mutually driven by a motor shaft in opposite directions. A driven shaft can be coupled, depending on the desired sense of rotation of the driven shaft, to the first or to the second input shaft, and can engage with a first output shaft and with a second output shaft. The first output shaft can be directly coupled with the first input shaft via a first magneto-rheological clutch, and the second output shaft can be directly coupled with the second input shaft via a second magneto-rheological clutch. A magneto-rheological clutch includes a coil powered by wireless energy transmission between a sender connected to a stationary housing and a receiver rotating with the coil.

Abstract: Systems and methods relating to a clutch system for use in controllably transmitting torque from an input shaft to an output shaft. The clutch system has a torque transmission fluid that has a viscosity that changes based on the strength of an electromagnetic field passing through the fluid. A number of sensors are placed at different radial locations on the torque transmission disks to detect the strength of the electromagnetic field. Based on the strength of the electromagnetic field, the amount of torque being transmitted from the input shaft to the output shaft can be adjusted. Also disclosed is a distributed actuation architecture that uses this clutch system. The distributed actuation architecture allows for the use of a single drive motor in conjunction with multiple instances of the clutch system to actuate a mechanical linkage, such as a robotic arm.

Abstract: In some embodiments, a method of provided boosted actuation to an aircraft flight control device includes receiving an input from a pilot input device via a mechanical input member, providing mechanical energy to a driving member of a controlled-slippage actuator, and varying the strength of a magnetic field applied to a magnetorheological (MR) fluid disposed between the driving member and a driven member of the controlled-slippage actuator based on the relative positions of the mechanical input member and a mechanical output member that is in mechanical communication with the driven member and the aircraft flight control device.

Abstract: A device for transmission and/or generation of torque having a driveshaft and having a driven shaft acted upon by field-excited forces of a magnetorheological medium, the driveshaft terminates in a flange in a housing, at least one cylinder is arranged on the flange (7), and the cylinder extends over the driven shaft coaxially while forming a gap which is filled with the magnetorheological medium.

Abstract: A viscous fluid clutch for use as a clutch for a cooling fan for a vehicle, the clutch includes an input shaft, a rotor assembly, a first housing portion, a second housing portion, a coil assembly, and a brush box. The rotor assembly is coupled to the input shaft. The first housing portion is coupled to the second housing portion and the second housing portion is rotatably disposed on the input shaft. The first and second housing portions define a fluid reservoir for receiving the rotor assembly and a viscous fluid, preferably of the magnetorheological type. The coil assembly is coupled to the first housing portion. The brush box is operably coupled to the coil assembly. When the coil assembly is energized by the brush box, a magnetic field is created that acts upon the magnetorheological fluid to vary the torque transfer of the input shaft to the housing and the fan connected thereto.

Abstract: Magnetic functional fluid includes dispersion medium; and dispersed particles which are dispersed in the dispersion medium, wherein the dispersed particles includes: first ferromagnetic particles having an average particle diameter of 0.5 ?m to 50 ?m; and second ferromagnetic particles each having a needle-like shape, each having a smaller particle size than the first ferromagnetic particles, and each having a length ratio of a long axis to a short axis of 2 or more.

Abstract: A line-start synchronous motor has a housing, a rotor shaft, and an output shaft. A soft-start coupling portion is operatively coupled to the output shaft and the rotor shaft. The soft-start coupling portion is configurable to enable the synchronous motor to obtain synchronous operation and to drive, at least near synchronous speed during normal steady state operation of the motor, a load having characteristics sufficient to prevent obtaining normal synchronous operation of the motor when the motor is operatively connected to the load in the absence of the soft-start coupling. The synchronous motor is sufficiently rated to obtain synchronous operation and to drive, at least near synchronous speed during normal steady state operation of the motor, a load having characteristics sufficient to prevent obtaining normal synchronous operation of the motor when the motor is operatively connected to the load in the absence of the soft-start coupling.

Abstract: A clutch assembly includes an input shaft, an output shaft, at least one first friction plate mounted to the input shaft, and at least one second friction plate mounted to the output shaft and spaced apart from the at least one first friction plate. The clutch assembly also includes a rheological fluid positioned between the at least one first friction plate and the at least one second friction plate, and a fluid activator configured to increase a viscosity of the rheological fluid to provide increased torque transfer from the at least one first friction plate to the at least one second friction plate.

Abstract: A twin-clutch device that selectively transmits torque from a driving wheel to a first driven wheel and/or a second driven wheel is provided. The first and second driven wheels are arranged respectively on both sides of the driving wheel, a functional fluid that decreases its flowability as an applied stimulus is increased and that increases its flowability as the applied stimulus is reduced fills gaps between the driving wheel and the first and second driven wheels, the driving wheel includes a stimulus generating member electrically controlled to generate a stimulus, and flowability of the functional fluid between the driving wheel and one of the first and second driven wheels is decreased with an increase in stimulus applied to the functional fluid by the stimulus generating member to couple the driving wheel to the one of the first and second driven wheels, thus allowing torque transmission therebetween.

Abstract: In a torque converter for performing torque transmission by circulating a working fluid between a pump impeller and a turbine runner, the working fluid is a magnetic viscous fluid; and in a torque converter housing, outside a circulation path of the working fluid, a yoke member connected to the pump impeller and provided with a coil and a magnetic member connected to the turbine runner are concentrically arranged with a predetermined space therebetween; and a magnetic circuit is established between the yoke member and the magnetic member upon energization of the coil.

Abstract: A magneto-rheological fluid includes: a magnetic particle mixture; and a dispersion medium in which the magnetic particle mixture is dispersed. The magnetic particle mixture includes first magnetic particles and second magnetic particles. The first magnetic particles have an average particle size greater than or equal to 1 ?m and less than or equal to 50 ?m. The second magnetic particles have an average particle size greater than or equal to 20 nm and less than or equal to 200 nm, and have surfaces provided with a surface modified layer. A proportion of the second magnetic particles in the magnetic particle mixture is greater than or equal to 2 wt % and less than or equal to 10 wt %.