Abstract: System, apparatuses, and methods for processing feedstock have a decomposing stage for breaking down feedstock into liquid and gaseous products and a condensing stage for condensing gaseous products to a liquid condensate. A mixing stage can also be used to combine gaseous and liquid feedstock portions into a combined liquid feedstock to be fed to the decomposing stage. The decomposing stage can be one or more flux tanks having a field generator for creating an electromagnetic field through the flux tank configured to decompose feedstock inside. The condensing stage can have a catalyst tank, distillation tank, condensing pipes, or a combination thereof. The mixing stage can be a reformer device having pairs of plates, at least some of the plates are capable of rotating to generate a shear force that creates a cavitation effect to combine the gaseous and liquid feedstock portions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a particulate carbon material that can be produced from renewable raw materials, in particular from biomass containing lignin, comprising: a MC content that corresponds to that of the renewable raw materials, said content being preferably greater than 0.20 Bq/g carbon, especially preferably greater than 0.23 Bq/g carbon, but preferably less than 0.45 Bq/g carbon in each case; a carbon content in relation to the ash-free dry substance of between 60 ma. % and 80 ma. %; an STSA surface area of the primary particles of at least 5 m2/g and at most 200 m2/g; and an oil absorption value (OAN) of between 50 ml/100 g and 150 ml/100 g. The present invention also relates to a method for producing said carbon material and to the use thereof.

Abstract: The present technology is generally directed to providing beds of coking material to charge a coking oven. In various embodiments, a quantity of first particulate material, having a first particulate size and bulk density, is combined with a second particulate material, having a second particulate size and bulk density, to define a multi-modal bed of coking material. The multi-modal bed of coking material exhibits an optimized bulk density that is greater than an ideal bulk density predicted by a linear combination of the bulk densities of the individual materials.

Abstract: The present technology is generally directed to providing beds of coking material to charge a coking oven. In various embodiments, a quantity of first particulate material, having a first particulate size and bulk density, is combined with a second particulate material, having a second particulate size and bulk density, to define a multi-modal bed of coking material. The multi-modal bed of coking material exhibits an optimized bulk density that is greater than an ideal bulk density predicted by a linear combination of the bulk densities of the individual materials.

Abstract: The present technology is generally directed to providing beds of coking material to charge a coking oven. In various embodiments, a quantity of first particulate material, having a first particulate size and bulk density, is combined with a second particulate material, having a second particulate size and bulk density, to define a multi-modal bed of coking material. The multi-modal bed of coking material exhibits an optimized bulk density that is greater than an ideal bulk density predicted by a linear combination of the bulk densities of the individual materials.

Abstract: The invention relates to a pyrolysis plant and a process for recovering (recycling) carbon fibers from carbon fiber-containing plastics, in particular from carbon fiber-reinforced plastics (CFPs or CFP materials), preferably from carbon fiber-containing and/or carbon fiber-reinforced composites (composite materials).

Abstract: A processing apparatus includes a microwave processing chamber. In addition, the processing apparatus includes a rigid, rotatable feed wheel rotatable about an axis of rotation such that a part of the feed wheel is located within the processing chamber. Further, the processing apparatus includes a feed device configured to deposit materials to be processed onto the feed wheel. Still further, the processing apparatus includes an output into which processed materials from the feed wheel can be deposited.

Abstract: Microwave based systems and methods are provided for obtaining carbonaceous compounds from polypropylene-containing products. In one example, embodiment, a method is provided for recovering at least one organic decomposition product from a polypropylene-containing product, the method comprising: placing the polypropylene-containing product in a reduction zone of a material recovery system; flowing an inert gas through the reduction zone from a reduction inlet to a reduction outlet to purge the reduction zone and maintain a positive pressure therein; applying electromagnetic wave energy from an electromagnetic wave generator to the reduction zone via a bifurcated waveguide assembly, while maintaining the polypropylene-containing product in a stationary position for at least a portion of the applying, to yield at least one gaseous organic decomposition product; and exhausting the at least one gaseous organic decomposition product from the reduction zone along with the inert gas through the reduction outlet.

Abstract: A method for gasifying biomass using a gasifier, the gasifier including a furnace body and a fuel pretreatment system. The method includes 1) crushing and sieving a biomass fuel to yield particle size-qualified fuel particles, 2) exciting working gas to yield plasma, and spraying the plasma into the gasifier, 3) spraying the particle size-qualified fuel particles into the gasifier via nozzles, synchronously spraying an oxidizer via an oxygen/vapor inlet into the gasifier, and 4) monitoring the temperature and components of the syngas, regulating an oxygen flow rate, a vapor flow rate, and microwave power to maintain the process parameters within a preset range and to control a temperature of the syngas to be between 900 and 1200° C., collecting the syngas from the syngas outlet at the top of the furnace body, and discharging liquid slag from the slag outlet.

Abstract: A pyrolysis oil composition by an oxygen-starved microwave process from an organic-carbon-containing feedstock is described. Feedstock is introduced into a substantially microwave-transparent reaction chamber. A microwave source emits microwaves which are directed through the microwave-transparent wall of the reaction chamber to impinge on the feedstock within the reaction chamber. The microwave source may be rotated relative to the reaction chamber. The feedstock is subjected to microwaves until the desired reaction occurs to produce a fuel. A catalyst can be mixed with the feedstock to enhance the reaction process.

Abstract: A char composition made by an oxygen-starved microwave process from an organic-carbon-containing feedstock is described. Feedstock is introduced into a substantially microwave-transparent reaction chamber. A microwave source emits microwaves which are directed through the microwave-transparent wall of the reaction chamber to impinge on the feedstock within the reaction chamber. The microwave source may be rotated relative to the reaction chamber. The feedstock is subjected to microwaves until the desired reaction occurs to produce a fuel. A catalyst can be mixed with the feedstock to enhance the reaction process.

Abstract: A microwave plasma based entrained flow gasifier of biomass, including a furnace body and a fuel pretreatment system. The furnace body includes a fuel inlet disposed at the lower part of the furnace body, a syngas outlet disposed at the top of the furnace body, and a slag outlet disposed at the bottom of the furnace body. The fuel inlet presents in the form of nozzles. The fuel pretreatment system is disposed outside of the furnace body, and includes a fuel crushing apparatus, a sieving apparatus disposed downstream to the fuel crushing apparatus, a first fuel container for receiving particle size-qualified fuel, a second fuel container for receiving particle size-unqualified fuel, and a feeding hopper disposed downstream to the first fuel container. The first fuel container and the second fuel container are disposed side-by-side downstream to the sieving apparatus.

Abstract: A waste processing system for producing hydrocarbons from domestic and industrial organic waste by pyrolysis includes carrying out the first and second pyrolysis stages, fractionating pyrolysis products and processing each fraction for producing useful products. The second pyrolysis stage is carried out simultaneously with the electromagnetic action produced on the pyrolysis products. The device for carrying out the method includes a two-sectional pyrolysis reactor. An electromagnetic source is arranged on the second section of the reactor. The output of the second section is connected to a system for dividing the vaporous pyrolysis products. The technical result consists in increasing the waste processing effectiveness and producing solid, liquid and vaporous fuel components.

Abstract: A system for tire distillation including an upper chamber, a first conveyor configured to transport a tire through the upper chamber, a lower chamber located beneath the upper chamber, the lower chamber that includes an ultrasonic purge chamber configured to radiate the tire with ultrasonic radiation, a microwave radiation chamber configured to radiate the tire with microwave radiation, and a second conveyor configured to transport the tire from the ultrasonic purge chamber to the microwave radiation chamber. The system further includes a vacuum system configured to maintain an atmosphere in the ultrasonic purge chamber and the microwave radiation chamber under a vacuum wherein the tire is preheated during conveyance through the upper chamber from heat produced in the lower chamber.

Abstract: Provided is a technique by which the compatibility between coals for cokemaking can be quantitatively determined to estimate the coke strength taking into account the compatibility and to select and blend coals based on the coke strength estimated taking into account the compatibility, thereby allowing the production of a coke with the desired strength. A method for blending coals for cokemaking includes predicting the strength of a coke to be produced from a blend of a plurality of coals based on a difference between the surface tensions of the plurality of coals after heat treatment and determining the types and proportions of the coals to be blended.

Abstract: There is provided a method for blending coals for coke production, in which the strength of coke produced from a coal blend serving as a raw material is estimated using a physical property that has not been taken into consideration in the past as an index, so that the method is capable of suppressing an increase in the raw material cost of the coal blend and increasing the strength of coal. Two or more coal brands are blended together to provide a coal blend for coke production. When the two or more coal brands are blended together, the coal brands and the blending ratio of the coal brands are determined using the surface tension of each of the coal brands subjected to heat treatment, the surface tension serving as a control index.

Abstract: In a device for the catalytic depolymerisation of material containing hydrocarbon, containing at least one container which can be filled with the material, at least one conveyor device having a device for introducing heat into the interior of the conveyor device and having at least one inlet opening and at least one outlet opening spaced apart therefrom are provided in the container, wherein the inlet opening is or can be disposed in the lower region of the container and the outlet opening is or can be disposed in the upper region of the container for circulating and heating the material to the evaporation temperature.

Abstract: A method for disposing electrical and electronic equipment comprising plastic and metal components, the method comprising: melt processing the equipment and/or comminuted parts thereof to form a melt processed product; transferring the melt processed product into a vessel and heating the product using far infrared radiation such that it liberates volatile hydrocarbons and leaves behind non-volatile residue comprising metal; and collecting one or both of the volatile hydrocarbons and the non-volatile residue for subsequent use.

Abstract: An apparatus for synergistically combining a plasma with a comminution means such as a fluid kinetic energy mill (jet mill), preferably in a single reactor and/or in a single process step is provided by the present invention. Within the apparatus of the invention potential energy is converted into kinetic energy and subsequently into angular momentum by means of wave energy, for comminuting, reacting and separation of feed materials. Methods of use of the apparatus in the practice of various processes are also provided by the present invention.

Abstract: An installation for pyrolyzing divided solids, such as waste plastics, rubbers, or elastomers. The installation has a device for making divided solids suitable for facilitating pyrolysis by a pyrolysis reactor. The reactor inlet is leak-tightly connected to the preconditioning device and has at least one heating transfer member for transferring the divided solids within the reactor while also pyrolyzing the solids. The member is a conveyor screw or a vibrating tube, and being made of a material that is associated with means for heating it by the Joule effect. The preconditioning device includes liquefaction means for bringing the substance to the outlet of the preconditioning device in a liquid state at an outlet temperature, and a regulator for regulating the temperature of the substance at the outlet from the preconditioning device as a function of a temperature representative of an inlet temperature of the reactor.

Abstract: The present invention provides a microwave assisted flash pyrolysis system to carry out microwave assisted flash pyrolysis in an industrial scale. The microwave assisted flash pyrolysis system comprises at least one microwave generator; a chamber comprises: at least one feedstock inlet, at least one baffle plate, a microwave-transparent rotating window, and at least one microwave inlet, at least one wet gas outlet, and at least one dry end product outlet. The present invention also provides a method using the same system to carry out microwave assisted flash pyrolysis.

Abstract: The invention relates to waste processing and to producing hydrocarbons from domestic and industrial organic waste by pyrolysis. The inventive waste processing method involves carrying out the first and second pyrolysis stages, fractionating pyrolysis products and processing each fraction for producing useful products. The second pyrolysis stage is carried out simultaneously with the electromagnetic action produced on the pyrolysis products. The device for carrying out said method comprises a two-sectional pyrolysis reactor. An electromagnetic source is arranged on the second section of the reactor. The output of the second section is connected to a system for dividing the vaporous pyrolysis products. The technical result consists in increasing the waste processing effectiveness and producing solid, liquid and vaporous fuel components.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the development of a process of microwave pyrolysis of end-of-life tyres for the production of high added value pyrolysis oils containing a fraction greater than 40% by weight of distiliable hydrocarbons comprised between 20 and 265° C., and sulphur content less than 1% by weight.

Abstract: A process for the pyrolysis of waste material and/or organic material in a pyrolysis reactor is provided. According to the process, the material is placed in the reactor and heated with an induction heater, optionally in the presence of one or more soft magnets. The products of the pyrolysis reaction, such as gases and liquids may be collected in a storage vessel attached to the reactor. A pyrolysis reactor for the pyrolysis of waste and/or organic material is also provided.

Abstract: A method for producing a fuel composition from a feedstock which may contain biomass and municipal solid waste is described. The method includes the step of pyrolyzing the feedstock in the presence of a transition metal, using microwave energy, so that the level of oxygen in at least one product of the pyrolysis is reduced. An integrated process is also described, in which the transition metal can be regenerated. Moreover, pyrolysis products such as bio-oils can be upgraded to liquid fuel compositions. Related systems for producing fuel compositions are also described.

Abstract: The present document describes a catalyst to initiate microwave pyrolysis of waste, a process for the microwave pyrolysis of waste using the catalyst, as well as a microwave pyrolysis system.

Abstract: The present invention provides an adhesive comprising graphene oxide including at an epoxy group, a hydroxyl group or a carboxylic acid group; and an alkoxysilane compound including an amine group, an epoxy group, a carboxylic acid group, a hydroxyl group, or a thiol group. More specifically the adhesive may be used for bonding a polyurethane elastomer to an aluminum material, in which a silane compound and graphene oxide are applied to improve adhesive strength, compared to adhesives including the silane compound only. In addition, during a separation process for recycling after use, the aluminum material and polyurethane can be easily separated from each other by polyurethane pyrolysis through rapid heating due to microwave absorption properties of graphene oxide.

Abstract: A modular plant, including at least one basic module is suitable for converting carbonaceous matrices (6) into fuel or useful products with no adverse environmental impact. The modular plant includes a rotary reactor (9) with a rotating drive mechanism (22) and a fixed stationary body (1). The inclination of the reactor (9) with rotating central longitudinal axis can vary from 0° to 45° with respect to horizontal. The reactor has a substantially cylindrical central body closed at a first entry end with a stationary fixed head (8), and at the exit end with a head fixed to the rotary reactor (9). The inlet end (8) contains one inlet (7) for the introduction of the carbonaceous matrix (6) into the rotary reactor and the other inlet (5) for introducing thermally conductive carriers (4). The rotary reactor (9) lacks internal components which provide rotation motion relative to the cylindrical body.

Abstract: A waste transformation and destruction apparatus includes a natural gas ignition system, a silica material bed, a heat transfer device, and a system for collecting plasma produced energy. A reaction formed by heat from ignition, carbon from the waste material, supercritical water, —OH radicals, and muons released from the silica bed transform the waste into a fuel. This fuel is more efficiently consumed by the complete combustion process resulting in near total elimination of the waste, increased energy production, and virtually no emissions.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided for the continuous microwave depolymerization of high molecular weight organic feedstock material, such as waste plastics and includes intermittent or continuous feeding of the processing material on the surface or into the bulk of the sensitized hot bed located under microwave irradiation. As a result of the interaction of electromagnetic field with processed materials, sensitizer is heated by microwave energy and feedstock material undergoes the depolymerization reactions. The reaction zone can be localized on the surface of the hot bed or distributed in the bulk of the reaction mass depending on the agitation conditions of the reaction mass, such as stirring, or other agitation means, for example by recirculated gas. Products of the reactions are vaporized and transported to the collection system, which may include a combination of a scrubber, a condenser and a settler.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided for the continuous microwave depolymerization of high molecular weight organic feedstock material, such as waste plastics and includes intermittent or continuous feeding of the processing material on the surface or into the bulk of the sensitized hot bed located under microwave irradiation. As a result of the interaction of electromagnetic field with processed materials, sensitizer is heated by microwave energy and feedstock material undergoes the depolymerization reactions. The reaction zone can be localized on the surface of the hot bed or distributed in the bulk of the reaction mass depending on the agitation conditions of the reaction mass, such as stirring, or other agitation means, for example by re-circulated gas. Products of the reactions are vaporized and transported to the collection system, which may include a combination of a scrubber, a condenser and a settler.

Abstract: The present invention provides a microwave assisted flash pyrolysis system to carry out microwave assisted flash pyrolysis in an industrial scale. The microwave assisted flash pyrolysis system comprises at least one microwave generator; a chamber comprises: at least one feedstock inlet, at least one baffle plate, a microwave-transparent rotating window, and at least one microwave inlet, at least one wet gas outlet, and at least one dry end product outlet. The present invention also provides a method using the same system to carry out microwave assisted flash pyrolysis.

Abstract: Apparatus for the destructive reclamation of materials and energy from municipal wastes and other raw materials through the use of Microwave induced Gasification and Pyrolysis, where the waste or raw material may be circulated once or several times through the process thus enabling the programming of different processes to differing materials and desired end products. The form employed being linear, circulating conveyors or rotating carousels that may carry trays or crucibles, some of which may be equipped with linings that absorb microwaves to enable the early charring of materials that do not initially absorb microwaves and thus will not heat up on their own.

Abstract: The present invention provides an adhesive comprising graphene oxide including at an epoxy group, a hydroxyl group or a carboxylic acid group; and an alkoxysilane compound including an amine group, an epoxy group, a carboxylic acid group, a hydroxyl group, or a thiol group. More specifically the adhesive may be used for bonding a polyurethane elastomer to an aluminum material, in which a silane compound and graphene oxide are applied to improve adhesive strength, compared to adhesives including the silane compound only. In addition, during a separation process for recycling after use, the aluminum material and polyurethane can be easily separated from each other by polyurethane pyrolysis through rapid heating due to microwave absorption properties of graphene oxide.

Abstract: A process for quenching, separating and collecting targeted components of a hot pyrolysis product stream from the pyrolysis of biomass is provided. The process utilizes rapid quenching and electrostatic precipitation at a predetermined temperature in order to selectively collect one or more fractions of the hot mixture.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus based on a reactor vessel (201) that is brought to a predetermined vacuum degree, in particular said vacuum degree set between 2 and 6 absolute millibar, an to a high temperature. A waste material is continuously introduced in the vessel (202), in particular a solid waste material (5) is introduced in such a way that a vacuum loss from the vessel (201) is prevented. Owing to the high temperature, waste material (5) forms a plasma that undergoes a molecular rearrangement, which gives origin to a substantially liquid residue that is collected in a bottom portion (204) of reactor (201), and to a gas (11). The gas (11), which mainly comprises carbon monoxide, hydrogen, carbon dioxide and steam, i.e. a typical syngas composition, is continuously taken away from the vessel (201) through a duct (12), and is sent to subsequent treatments to obtain a gas fuel that can be burnt by devices such as a gas turbine, a motor or a boiler.

Abstract: Recycling a metal/organic laminate continuously involves providing a reactor having a first chamber with a first rotary stirrer, a second chamber with a second rotary stirrer, each chamber containing particulate microwave absorbing material, introducing laminate and additional absorbing material into the first chamber under a reducing or inert atmosphere, stirring and applying microwave energy sufficiently to pyrolyze organic material, transferring a portion of the mixture to the second chamber where it is stirred and microwave energy applied to pyrolyze remaining organic material, delaminate or delaminated metal migrating toward and floating on the upper surface of the mixture, where the second stirrer rotates in a horizontal plane and fluidizes the mixture to give the upper surface of the mixture a radial profile biasing metal floating to migrate radially outwardly, and recovering metal from an exit.

Abstract: The invention relates to waste processing and to producing hydrocarbons from domestic and industrial organic waste by pyrolysis. The inventive waste processing method involves carrying out the first and second pyrolysis stages, fractionating pyrolysis products and processing each fraction for producing useful products. The second pyrolysis stage is carried out simultaneously with the electromagnetic action produced on the pyrolysis products. The device for carrying out said method comprises a two-sectional pyrolysis reactor. An electromagnetic source is arranged on the second section of the reactor. The output of the second section is connected to a system for dividing the vaporous pyrolysis products. The technical result consists in increasing the waste processing effectiveness and producing solid, liquid and vaporous fuel components.

Abstract: The invention described herein generally pertains to utilization of high power density microwave energy to reduce organic compounds to carbon and their constituents, primarily in a gaseous state. The process includes, but is not limited to, scrap tires, plastics, asphalt roofing shingles, computer waste, medical waste, municipal solid waste, construction waste, shale oil, and PCB/PAH/HCB-laden materials. The process includes the steps of feeding organic material into a microwave applicator and exposing the material to microwave energy fed from at least two linear polarized sources in non-parallel alignment to each other, and collecting the material. The at least two sources of microwave energy are from a bifurcated waveguide assembly, whose outputs are perpendicular to each other and fed through waveguide of proper impedance, such that the microwave sources are physically and electrically 90° out of phase to each other. The microwave frequency is between 894 and 1000 MHz, preferably approximately 915 MHz.

Abstract: The main distinctive feature of the method lies in the fact that the hydrocarbon material is affected through primary and principal excitation by means of electromagnetic vibrations. The primary influence upon the hydrocarbon material is carried out prior to its feeding for thermal cracking, while the, principal influence is fulfilled in the rectifying column. For the method to be implemented, the primary excitation source in the installation is realized in a form of an electromagnetic oscillator, and the rectifying column is realized with possibility of resonance excitation provided, being the main exciter of the hydrocarbon material. The invention makes it possible to increase the percentage of output of lighter fractions, as well as to raise the quality of processing of raw materials.

Abstract: In the operation of smoking/burning type volume reduction treatment apparatus (1), referring to view (A), charcoal carbonized layer (T2) is spread over powdery ceramic layer (T1) in the state of having negative ion air fed through air supply inlet (H). Further, sawdust layer (T3) is spread thereover, and thereafter treatment subject layer (V) is piled thereon. In a temporary burning region of the carbonized layer (T2), the powdery ceramic layer (T1) exerts not only heat storing action but also heat radiation action. Referring to view (B), the interior of the sawdust layer (T3) is altered into temporary carbonized layer (T3 1) and temporary dried layer (T3 2). As the temporary burning region slowly moves upward, an under side of the treatment subject layer (V) is altered into dried layer (V1) and further, carbonized layer (V2) shown in view (C) is formed. Thereafter, this carbonized layer (V2) catches fire, so that burning region (V3) is formed in layered form in the treatment subject layer (V).

Abstract: A closed loop biomass energy system includes at least one agricultural facility that produces agricultural waste; a waste processing system operable to convert the waste into biomass; a wastewater treatment system operable to treat wastewater created by the waste processing system and an energy production system operable to utilize the biomass to produce energy and provide the energy to an energy end-user. In one form, the energy is steam and the energy end-user is a biofuel production facility that utilizes the steam to power production of a biofuel. In a further aspect of this form, wastewater created as a byproduct of the biofuel production is transferred to and treated by the wastewater treatment system. However, additional forms, embodiments, features and aspects are contemplated as discussed in further detail in this document.

Abstract: Apparatus for the destructive reclamation of materials and energy from municipal wastes and other raw materials through the use of Microwave induced Gasification and Pyrolysis, where the waste or raw material may be circulated once or several times through the process thus enabling the programming of different processes to differing materials and desired end products. The form employed being linear, circulating conveyors or rotating carousels that may carry trays or crucibles, some of which may be equipped with linings that absorb microwaves to enable the early charring of materials that do not initially absorb microwaves and thus will not heat up on their own.

Abstract: A lubricating base oil composition is provided comprising (a) at least one Fischer-Tropsch derived lubricating base oil characterized as having a kinematic viscosity of about 2 to about 5 centistoke (cSt) at 100° C.; and (b) at least one polyol ester. Methods for improving the fuel economy of an internal combustion engine are also provided.

Abstract: A retort heating apparatus for processing a feed material includes a heating chamber bounded at least in part by a side wall. A plurality of baffles are at least partially disposed within the heating chamber. Each baffle includes an elongated body having a top surface, at least a portion of the top surface being arched. The plurality of baffles are vertically and horizontally spaced apart so that substantially all of the feed material that vertically passes through the heating chamber is horizontally displaced as the feed material passes by the baffles. Systems are also provided for heating the feed material within the heating chamber.

Abstract: A microwave distillation apparatus provides destructive distillation of whole waste tires. The apparatus includes a housing including a plurality of vertically arranged chambers. A preheat chamber provides preheating of a whole waste tire received therein. An irradiation chamber, located below the preheat chamber and thermally coupled to the preheat chamber such that heat generated in the irradiation chamber creates heat convection currents in the preheat chamber, receives a preheated whole waste tire from the preheat chamber. A microwave energy supply supplies microwave energy to the irradiation chamber to provide destructive distillation of a tire received in that chamber. A cooling chamber, located below the irradiation chamber, receives by-products of the destructive distillation therefrom and provides delivery of the by-products from the housing.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a method and an equipment for pre-treatment of used tires (1) before a pyrolysis process. The invention is characterized in that said cleaning of each tire (1) is carried out in a closed chamber (5) with high pressure air jets. Air contaminated with dust and other dirt particles from said tire (1) is preferably continuously conducted through an air cleaning device (10) for removing said dust and other dirt particles from the air, and received cleaned air is fed to a high pressure blower (8) for producing said high pressure air jets.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for charcoal production and activation, wherein a multipurpose furnace system is utilized to manufacture high grade charcoal from hardwood starting materials, which, in turn, promotes the manufacture of activated charcoal, while providing a viable and significant cost saving alternative to ongoing, intensive worldwide, efforts to increase yield and quality of charcoal product.

Abstract: A system which operates a digitally controlled model railroad transmitting a first command from a first client program to a resident external controlling interface through a first communications transport. A second command is transmitted from a second client program to the resident external controlling interface through a second communications transport. The first command and the second command are received by the resident external controlling interface which queues the first and second commands. The resident external controlling interface sends third and fourth commands representative of the first and second commands, respectively, to a digital command station for execution on the digitally controlled model railroad.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a method and an equipment for pre-treatment of used tyres (1) before a pyrolysis process. The invention is characterized in that said cleaning of each tyre (1) is carried out in a closed chamber (5) with high pressure air jets. Air contaminated with dust and other dirt particles from said tyre (1) is preferably continuously conducted through an air cleaning device (10) for removing said dust and other dirt particles from the air, and received cleaned air is fed to a high pressure blower (8) for producing said high pressure air jets.