For Inhibiting Or Preventing A Polymerization Reaction Patents (Class 203/8)
  • Patent number: 4216076
    Abstract: A method for preventing fouling of equipment used in hydrocarbon processing is provided comprising adding to said hydrocarbon a polyalkyleneoxy sulfoxy salt represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is a linear alkyl radical having from about 6 to 15 carbon atoms or an alkyl phenyl radical wherein the alkyl group contains from about 8 to 10 carbon atoms, R.sub.1 is H or CH.sub.3, n is a number from 3 to 8, x is 3 or 4 and M.sup.+ is an ammonium or an alkali metal cation.An antifouling formulation is also provided which comprises an alcohol-water dispersion of the above antifouling agent and a surfactant comprising a fatty acid dialkanol amide.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 16, 1979
    Date of Patent: August 5, 1980
    Assignee: NL Industries, Inc.
    Inventors: Edward T. Dillon, Lloyd W. Duncan
  • Patent number: 4210493
    Abstract: A method is disclosed for inhibiting the polymerization of acrylic and methacrylic acids at ambient or above ambient temperature, such as during preparation, purification or storage of the acids under substantially anaerobic conditions, by adding thereto a polymerization inhibiting amount of a compound having the formula:R--NOwhere R is alkyl or aryl, and if R is aryl, a hydroxyl group para to the NO group enhances inhibition.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 30, 1976
    Date of Patent: July 1, 1980
    Assignee: Rohm and Haas Company
    Inventors: Thomas Stewart, Richard F. Merritt
  • Patent number: 4204916
    Abstract: A process for recovering an acid chloride from a mixture containing the same, consisting of distilling the acid chloride from the mixture in the presence of an effective quantity of a distillation improvement additive, such as an organo polysiloxane or a mineral oil, which remains substantially liquid under the conditions of distillation.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 30, 1977
    Date of Patent: May 27, 1980
    Assignee: Stauffer Chemical Company
    Inventors: Thomas F. Cisco, George E. Hansen, Robert N. Agate
  • Patent number: 4116812
    Abstract: This invention relates to a process of inhibiting or preventing fouling (i.e., preventing the adhesion of deposits from hydrocarbon on surfaces) at elevated temperatures which comprises adding to hydrocarbon an antifouling (preventing) amount of an organo-sulfur compounds having a high sulfur content. In the preferred embodiment, the organo-sulfur compound has at least 5% sulfur. An embodiment is a heterocyclic compound, a dithiole-thione. These organo sulfur compounds are particularly effective at elevated temperatures of at least about 500.degree. F.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 5, 1977
    Date of Patent: September 26, 1978
    Assignee: Petrolite Corporation
    Inventors: Richard L. Godar, Philip R. Corneli
  • Patent number: 4113574
    Abstract: The prior art discloses a number of polymerization inhibitors for acrylic acid, acrylates and derivatives thereof, but such polymerization inhibitors have low vapor pressures. Consequently, when acrylic acid is vaporized, it tends to polymerize on cooling surfaces causing undesirable deposits on storage vessels and the like. However, when a polymerization inhibiting amount of 2,4-pentanedione is added to the monomer, the polymerization of acrylic acid on cooling surfaces is inhibited.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 22, 1976
    Date of Patent: September 12, 1978
    Assignee: Monsanto Company
    Inventors: Ignatius Schumacher, James E. White
  • Patent number: 4105510
    Abstract: The invention relates to an improved process for removing water, under elevated temperature, from aqueous gel of water soluble polymer, such as polymer or copolymer of acrylamide and/or quaternary ammonium salts of dialkylaminoamlkylmethacrylate, to prevent from the deterioration of polymer properties. The process is accomplished by addition of polyhydric phenols, benzoquinones or derivatives thereof prior to removal of water.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 24, 1976
    Date of Patent: August 8, 1978
    Assignees: Kyoritsu Yuki Co., Ltd., Mitsubishi Chemical Industries Ltd.
    Inventors: Atsuo Tago, Ryoichi Yamanaka, Susumu Matsumoto
  • Patent number: 4087335
    Abstract: A method is disclosed for stabilizing vinylbenzyl chloride and vinyltoluene against violent decomposition in the presence of iron and chlorine at ambient and above ambient temperatures which comprises contacting the vinylbenzyl chloride or vinyltoluene with an amount of a Lewis base sufficient to inhibit the decomposition during the preparation, purification or storage of said vinylbenzyl chloride or vinyltoluene.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 5, 1977
    Date of Patent: May 2, 1978
    Assignee: Rohm and Haas Company
    Inventor: Allen P. Marks
  • Patent number: 4032572
    Abstract: A method for economically concentrating an acrylamide aqueous solution by catalytic hydration without substantial deterioration in the product. According to the method, an acrylamide aqueous solution obtained from catalytic hydration, is concentrated by distillation while maintaining the solution in good contact with at least 0.1 mole. or more of air per mole of water distilled from the acrylamide aqueous solution.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 3, 1975
    Date of Patent: June 28, 1977
    Assignee: Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals, Incorporated
    Inventors: Shiro Asano, Kiyotaka Yoshimura, Ryoji Tsuchiya, Tadatoshi Honda
  • Patent number: 4024050
    Abstract: Phosphate and phosphite mono- and di-esters in small amounts function as antifoulant additives in crude oil systems employed as feedstocks in petroleum refining which are subjected to elevated temperatures of from about 100.degree. to 1500.degree. F. and which are prone to produce material that deposits and accumulates upon the surfaces of petroleum processing equipment, such as heat transfer equipment and the like. Such additives not only inhibit and suppress fouling but also reduce fouling in previously fouled refining systems.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 23, 1975
    Date of Patent: May 17, 1977
    Assignee: Nalco Chemical Company
    Inventors: Don C. Shell, Edward C. Hayward
  • Patent number: 4024049
    Abstract: Thio-phosphate and -phosphite mono- and di-esters in small amounts function as antifoulant additives in crude oil systems employed as feedstocks in petroleum refining which are subjected to elevated temperatures of from about 100.degree. to 1500.degree. F and which are prone to produce material that deposits and accumulates upon the surfaces of petroleum processing equipment, such as heat transfer equipment and the like. Such additives not only inhibit and suppress fouling but also reduce fouling in previously fouled refining systems.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 20, 1975
    Date of Patent: May 17, 1977
    Assignee: Nalco Chemical Company
    Inventors: Don C. Shell, Edward C. Hayward
  • Patent number: 4021476
    Abstract: The polymerization of vinyl acetate during distillation can be inhibited by 4-(2,6-dimethylheptyl) phenol and other liquid p-alkyl phenols.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 29, 1975
    Date of Patent: May 3, 1977
    Assignee: Union Carbide Corporation
    Inventor: Linda Ann Harbuck
  • Patent number: 4021310
    Abstract: A method for inhibiting the polymerization of acrylic acid or acrylic esters during the distillation for separating or purifying the acrylic acid obtained by the vapor phase catalytic oxidation of propylene or acrolein, or the acrylic esters derived from said acrylic acid, said method comprising carrying out the distillation operation in the presence of (A) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of hydroquinone, hydroquinonemonomethyl ether, cresols, phenols, t-butyl catechol, diphenylamine, phenothiazines and methylene blue (B) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of copper dimethyldithiocarbamate, copper diethyldithiocarbamate copper dibutyldithiocarbamate and copper salicylate: and (C) molecular oxygen.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 18, 1975
    Date of Patent: May 3, 1977
    Assignee: Nippon Shokubai Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.
    Inventors: Noboru Shimizu, Sadao Yoshida, Kunihiro Kubota, Takashi Ohara
  • Patent number: 4010082
    Abstract: A method is disclosed for inhibiting the polymerization of acrylic and methacrylic acids at ambient or above ambient temperature, such as during preparation, purification or storage of the acids under substantially anaerobic conditions, by adding thereto a polymerization inhibiting amount of a compound having the formula: ##STR1## where R, R', R", R"' are hydrogen, alkyl or aryl.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 21, 1975
    Date of Patent: March 1, 1977
    Assignee: Rohm and Haas Company
    Inventors: Joseph W. Nemec, Thomas Stewart