Abstract: A process for preparing hydrocarbons from an oxygenated hydrocarbon feedstock, such as animal fat, having a high nitrogen impurity is described. The process involves hydrotreatment of the oxygenated feedstock in a first hydrotreating reactor and a further hydrotreatment in a second hydrotreating reactor, where between the two reactors, the gaseous phase is removed. The specific process setup effectively removes nitrogen impurities from the resultant hydrocarbon product causing an improved cloud point after isomerisation.

Abstract: The present application provides a one-step refining process of a hydrocarbon feedstock, said process comprising heating said hydrocarbon feedstock with one or more fatty acids or mixtures thereof, at a temperature below 350° C., to obtain a light hydrocarbon product, wherein said light hydrocarbon product obtained in said process contains no heavy hydrocarbons products.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pressure-controlled oil refining device for refining oil from liquid-state oil waste. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a pressure-controlled oil refining device wherein: liquid-state oil waste is introduced and then heated such that, as the pressure rises, the vaporized fluid (oil+impurities) is transferred in the upward direction; a pressure valve is opened/closed such that the oil and impurities can be separated from the fluid and then discharged; the oil is condensed by a cooler such that the same can be liquefied again and stored; and the oil can be refined from the oil waste and reused.

Abstract: A multi-stage process for reducing the environmental contaminants in an ISO8217 compliant Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil involving a core desulfurizing process and a ultrasound treatment process as either a pre-treating step or post-treating step to the core process. The Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil complies with ISO 8217 for residual marine fuel oils and has a sulfur level has a maximum sulfur content (ISO 14596 or ISO 8754) between the range of 0.05 mass % to 1.0 mass. A process plant for conducting the process is also disclosed.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for re-refining used lubricating oil (ULO) having thermally unstable additives such as zinc compounds. ULO is mixed with a superheated distillate which may be a recycle stream, an outside stream, or combination, then charged to a vacuum flash or fractionator, to produce an overhead vapor and a residual fraction comprising additives and/or decomposition products thereof. Overhead vapor is condensed to yield a liquid lubricant boiling range product. Superheating may occur in a fired heater, heat exchanger or combination. Mixing of superheated fluid and ULO may occur in a pipe in turbulent flow and/or an in line mixer. Energy efficiency is improved by heat exchanging ULO feed with vapor or liquid product streams. An aromatic rich and thermally stable outside stream such as FCC LCO can be readily superheated. Recovered lubricant boiling range material can be recycled, used as a lube stock or for FCC feed.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a process and system for removing at least a portion of organosulfur compounds from an oil sands produced gas and transferring the organosulfur compounds to a bitumen-based liquid. One example of the system includes an absorber to contact the gas with an amount of liquid hydrocarbon sufficient to absorb some of the organosulfur compounds, producing an organosulfur enriched liquid hydrocarbon. The system includes a separator that accepts the organosulfur enriched liquid hydrocarbon and an emulsion that includes water and the bitumen-based liquid. The separator separates produced water from a bitumen-based mixture of organosulfur enriched liquid hydrocarbon and bitumen-based liquid. The system adds an amount of additional liquid hydrocarbon to separate the produced water from the bitumen-based mixture when the amount of liquid hydrocarbon added is less than the amount of liquid hydrocarbon needed to separate the produced water from the bitumen-based mixture.

Abstract: A process includes continuous steps and batch steps for recycling waste oil, fuel or antifreeze. The continuous steps include determining the volume of waste; pumping waste toward a distillation vessel; mixing waste with heated waste, and while flowing the waste into the distillation vessel performing steps of: maintaining a vacuum; heating the waste; returning a first portion of heated waste to the distillation vessel and a second-portion to mix with the waste feed; sending gaseous vapors to a condenser; returning some condensed liquid to the distillation vessel; and delivering condensed liquid as a product. The batch steps include: stopping waste flow into the distillation vessel; reducing pressure; heating the waste; returning the heated waste to the distillation vessel; condensing gaseous vapors; returning some condensed effluent to the distillation vessel; delivering some condensed effluent as a first product; and delivering heated waste as a second product.

Abstract: A method for cleaning a ceramic membrane used in an oil recovery process. The cleaning method includes online and offline modes. In the online mode, the method includes periodically backflushing the ceramic membrane with an aqueous media. In the offline mode, the method includes backpulsing or statically cleaning the ceramic membrane by utilizing an aqueous alkaline media, an aqueous acidic media, and a liquid hydrocarbon solution.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process/system for the fractionation of bio-oil, produced from the thermo-catalytic conversion of biomass, into boiling point fractions. The fractionation of the bio-oil is performed using molecular distillation under conditions which minimize the thermal stress to the bio-oil and fractions obtained therefrom.

Abstract: Separate collection and conversion method and plant for the reuse of used oils and greases for energy purposes, which method provides one or more of the following steps: —producing and separating the waste from other substances or compounds, —collecting the waste—gathering/storing the waste in at least a collection and/or regeneration facility, —regenerating or treating the waste, —reusing the collected or regenerated or treated waste, an oil or a grease or a mixture containing at least a natural and/or synthetic ester-based oil and/or grease being considered as waste, which oil or grease or which mixture is the by-product or waste of industrial processes.

Abstract: An oil pump apparatus for supplying an oil to a vehicular transmission, includes a pump to suck the oil from an oil reservoir through an inlet port into a pumping chamber, and an intake circuit to convey the oil sucked from the oil reservoir to the inlet port. The intake circuit includes a proximal segment, an intermediate segment and a distal segment. The proximal segment extends from the inlet port, to the intermediate segment. The intermediate segment extends upwards from the proximal segment. The distal segment extends downwards from a first connecting end portion connected with the intermediate segment to a end portion formed with an suction opening to suck the oil from the oil reservoir into the intake circuit.

Abstract: Methods for converting petroleum based oil into fuel generally include forming a conversion mixture of an alcohol and a base, and adding the conversion mixture to petroleum based oil, such as used motor oil, to form a reaction mixture. The methods can also include adding a high nitrate compound and an amino acid to the reaction mixture and ozonizing the reaction mixture. The result of the methods can include a three phase system in which the bottom phase is asphalt oil, the middle phase is diesel fuel or jet fuel, and the top phase is sulfuric acid. The three phases can be separated to obtain the final diesel fuel or jet fuel product.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and an apparatus for recovery of spent lubricating oil. The evaporation of hydrocarbon fractions from spent lubricating oil is carried out in three steps. The first step is at approximately 150-1030 mbar and between 70-240° C. in which is greater than 99% water, greater than 99% of ethylene glycol and greater than 50% of hydrocarbon molecules with normal boiling point up to 310° C. are evaporated from spent oil. The second step is operated at 6-30 mbar and 200-2900 C in which predominantly gasoil and light vacuum gasoil fractions are evaporated. The third step is operated at 250-320° C. and 0.5-15 mbar in which mainly heavy vacuum gasoil (boiling range of 425 to 570° C. on ASTM D-1160 test) is evaporated from spent oil.

Abstract: A method for recovering base oil from waste lubricating oil by separating base oil range constituents from a waste lubricating oil mixture, thereafter separating higher quality base oil constituents and lower quality base oil constituents from the base oil recovered from the waste lubricating oil mixture and thereafter treating the lower quality base oil constituents to produce marketable base oil. The total base oil produced from a waste lubricating oil mixture by this process is greater than the quantity producible by previous processes using only base oil separation from the waste lubricating oil mixture or processes which use only treatment of the base oil recovered from the waste lubricating oil mixture to produce the product base oil.

Abstract: A method to reclaim and purify an oil bound to a substrate, and a reclaimed oil obtained thereby having, relative to the oil in the bound liquid in the substrate, a lower aromatic content, improved rheological properties, improved handling properties, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: Methods and system for obtaining long chain carbons that generally include forming a conversion mixture of an alcohol and a base, adding the conversion mixture to oil (such as petroleum based oil, crude oil, used oil, used motor oil, and new motor oil) to form a reaction mixture, adding a high nitrate compound the reaction mixture, and separating out the long chain carbons for use as an input by other processing such as pharmaceutical and/or additional petro-chemical processing. Additional cooling and/or filtering processes may be utilized to complete and/or optimize oil conversion.

Abstract: A saturated elastomeric mixture is disclosed having a cured or vulcanized elastomer crumb rubber and atmospheric distillations bottoms residue is disclosed.

Abstract: An oil circulation system and method for continuously purifying engine oil including an engine operably connected to an oil reservoir, wherein at least one stream of oil is conveyed from the oil reservoir to the engine via a conduit, and circulated through the engine and conduit via engine operating pressure and/or one or more pumps, and at least one membrane unit positioned in a path of the oil stream such that oil containing dissolved/emulsified droplets of water is fed continuously through the membrane unit. A cross flow hollow fiber module adapted to be positioned in a system for continuously purifying engine oil, the hollow fiber module having a central feed distributor tube, hollow fiber membranes positioned around the central feed distributor tube, end caps with ports for receiving and emitting a flow of sweep air, and optionally a shell casing, wherein the central feed distributor tube includes openings sized and positioned to allow oil to flowing into the feed distributor tube to flow out radially.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the treatment of oil residues coming from the oil industry which comprises the recovery of the oil fraction of residues by extraction with solvents having a low environmental impact (ethyl acetate/toluene) and subsequent finishing for the downgrading of the residual material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for treating various waste petroleum into eco-friendly solid so that leaching of oil would not occur. The method of the present invention can treat radioactive waste petroleum as well as various waste petroleum, thereby stabilizing waste petroleum chemically and physically, wherein the method comprises mixing waste petroleum with a sulfuric acid and a nitric acid; adding sodium hydroxide, thereby carrying out a polymerization reaction to produce solid particles; colloidizing a mixture obtained by uniformly stirring the solid particles; adding a diisocyanate compound in reactor, thereby carrying out a subsequent polymerization reaction to obtain a new compound in the form of powder; discharging a generated gas into the atmosphere; and filling the powder into a resin as a filling material and compression molding and reclaiming the filled powder.

Abstract: The fuel properties of petroleum hydrocarbon waste having an API gravity varying from about 5 to 30 are improved by heating the hydrocarbon to a temperature of about 35° C. to 90° C. and mixing the heated hydrocarbon stream with a suitable solvent to reduce the viscosity of the hydrocarbon, which is then separated by a centrifuge to obtain an aqueous phase stream, an oil phase stream, and a separated solids stream. The oil phase stream has a viscosity range of about 250 centipoise (cP) to about 1000 cP. The oil phase stream is utilized in a refinery, while a slurry fuel is prepared with the separated solids stream and aqueous phase stream as a feedstock for road asphalt, a fuel for a combustor, or a fuel for a gasification process. The oil phase stream is used for fuels and feedstock for making carbon fiber.

Abstract: Methods for converting used oil into fuel generally include forming a conversion mixture of an alcohol and a base, and adding the conversion mixture to used oil, such as used motor oil, to form a reaction mixture. The methods can also include adding a high nitrate compound and an amino acid to the reaction mixture and ozonizing the reaction mixture. The result of the methods can include a three phase system in which the bottom phase is asphalt oil, the middle phase is diesel fuel or jet fuel, and the top phase is sulfuric acid. The three phases can be separated to obtain the final diesel fuel or jet fuel product.

Abstract: A method for removing sulfur compounds from a hydrocarbon-containing gas wherein the gas is fed to a desulfurizing bed comprising a desulfurizing agent A comprising zeolite and a desulfurizing agent B comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of a metal element, a metal oxide and a metal component-carried oxide, is provided. Hydrogen for a fuel cell is produced by a method, wherein the gas obtained by the described desulfurization method is contacted with a partial oxidation reforming catalyst, an autothermal reforming catalyst or a steam reforming catalyst.

Abstract: One or more computer implemented methods for continuously processing used oils are provided. The method can include a feedstock tank containing feedstock. The feedstock tank can have a sparger and a level sensor. The feedstock tank can be in fluid communication with a first pump, a first filter, a heater, a second filter, first flow meter, a primary nozzle, a secondary nozzle, a motionless inline static mixer, and a first reactor.

Abstract: Precipitation vessel for precipitation of flocculants from lubricating oil includes a hollow housing having an interior volume capable of containing oil; an entry port capable of allowing oil to enter into the interior volume; a stirrer capable of stirring contained oil; a heater capable of heating the contained oil; a product exit port capable of allowing oil to exit the interior volume; an upper exterior access port; and a lower exterior access port. Contaminated lubricating oil can be cleaned from solid particulates by a method of providing a vessel for containing oil; providing contaminated lubricating oil to the vessel; contacting the contaminated lubricating oil with a coagulant, and, maintaining the resulting mixture at a mildly elevated temperature throughout the vessel, inducing flocculation of solid particles and settlement of flocculated particles under low thermo-current, if not thermo-current-free, conditions; and drawing off lubricating oil cleaned from settled flocculated solid particles.

Abstract: The present invention relates to hydrocarbon extraction method and apparatus therefor.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device and method for regenerating oil (17) containing a contamination in the form of a liquid. The oil (17) is brought in contact with a point source (3) consisting of at least one point source (3), where the point source (3) is brought to a predetermined temperature that at an interface between the point source (3) and the oil (17) corresponds to a maximum allowed oil temperature.

Abstract: A process treats a fluid stream of used fracturing fluid containing contaminants and forms a reconditioned fluid stream. Contaminants are removed by the combination of distillation, electrostatic agglomeration, decanting, and filtration or by distillation and optional filtering. Optionally, in each case, the filtered fluid stream is treated in a clay tower to remove residual contaminants.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the treatment of crude oil or aged crude oil residue comprising the steps of (a) contacting the oil or residue with a phenol resin and with a diluent, to provide a diluted phenol resin treated oil or residue; and (b) optionally removing solid material from the diluted phenol resin treated oil or residue.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided for distilling and processing chemicals. The apparatus is particularly suited for processing and distilling difficult to distill compounds, and is capable of producing diesel fuel and other products from used oil at a quality level similar to that of products produced from virgin crude oil.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the treatment of oil residues coming from the oil industry which comprises the recovery of the oil fraction of residues by extraction with solvents having a low environmental impact (ethyl acetate/toluene) and subsequent finishing for the downgrading of the residual material.

Abstract: A process for producing olefins from a feedstock comprising a petroleum and non-petroleum fraction has been developed. The process comprises first pretreating the feedstock to remove contaminants such as alkali metals and then cracking the purified feedstock in a fluidized catalytic cracking (FCC) zone operated at conditions to provide C2-C5 olefins. Alternatively, the non-petroleum fraction can first be treated and then mixed with petroleum fraction to provide the feedstock which is then catalytically cracked.

Abstract: A process for removing color contaminants and non-color contaminants from oil comprising the step of passing an oil feed through a permeable transition metal oxide membrane, wherein said oil that has passed through said transition metal oxide membrane has less color contaminants and non-color contaminants relative to said oil feed.

Abstract: Methods, particles, and devices are disclosed for filtration of oil for use of the oil in the preparation of biodiesel. Disclosed particles may comprise a substantially inert porous particle with a coating comprising a polymer having amine, amino, and/or imine group(s).

Abstract: A process treats a fluid stream of used fracturing fluid containing contaminants and forms a reconditioned fluid stream. Contaminants are removed by the combination of distillation, electrostatic agglomeration, decanting, and filtration. Optionally, the filtered fluid stream is treated in a clay tower to remove residual contaminants.

Abstract: Reactive phosphorus species can be removed or transferred from a hydrocarbon phase to a water phase in an emulsion breaking process by using a composition that contains water-soluble hydroxyacids. Suitable water-soluble hydroxyacids include, but are not necessarily limited to glycolic acid, gluconic acid, C2-C4 alpha-hydroxy acids, poly-hydroxy carboxylic acids, thioglycolic acid, chloroacetic acid, polymeric forms of the above hydroxyacids, poly-glycolic esters, glycolate ethers, and ammonium salt and alkali metal salts of these hydroxyacids, and mixtures thereof. The composition may optionally include a mineral acid to reduce the pH of the desalter wash water. A solvent may be optionally included in the composition. The invention permits transfer of reactive phosphorus species into the aqueous phase with little or no hydrocarbon phase undercarry into the aqueous phase. The composition is particularly useful in treating crude oil emulsions, and in removing calcium and other metals therefrom.

Abstract: A process for converting animal fats and/or other feedstocks into gas oil fuel including the steps of introducing material including the animal fats into a still pot in the form of liquor, extracting a volume of material from the still pot, heating the extracted material to a cracking temperature, reintroducing the extracted material back into the still pot, separating the lighter molecular weight compounds from the cracked material into a small fraction of volatile light ends and a second mixture of gas oil fuel in a distillation column collecting the second mixture of gas oil fuel by means of a condenser.

Abstract: In a method of removing acidic compounds, color, and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, and for removing or converting hydrocarbons containing heteroatoms from used oil distillate, phase transfer catalysts are employed to facilitate the transfer of inorganic or organic bases to the substrate of the oil distillate. An inorganic or organic base, a phase transfer catalyst selected from the group including quaternary ammonium salts, polyol ethers and crown ethers, and used oil distillate are mixed and heated. Thereafter, contaminants are removed from the used oil distillate through distillation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device and method for regenerating oil (17) containing a contamination in the form of a liquid. The oil (17) is brought in contact with a point source (3) consisting of at least one point source (3), where the point source (3) is brought to a predetermined temperature that at an interface between the point source (3) and the oil (17) corresponds to a maximum allowed oil temperature.

Abstract: A method for using recycled lubricating oil as a fuel source includes receiving prepared recycled lubricating oil, filtering the recycled lubricating oil through a first filter. The recycled oil is pumped into the top of a first holding tank. The recycled oil is circulated from the bottom of the first holding tank through the first filter to the top of the first tank. The recycled oil is pumped from the bottom of the first holding tank through the first filter to the top of a second holding tank. The recycled oil may then be pumped or pulled through a second filter to a preheater to lower the viscosity of the recycled oil to a predetermined level. From the pre-heater the heated recycled oil may be fed to a burner for heat generation or may be fed back to a storage tank. The apparatus for using recycled lubricating oil as fuel includes a storage system having one or more holding tanks along with a filtration system having a first filter for initial contaminant removal.

Abstract: It has been discovered that metals and/or amines can be removed or transferred from a hydrocarbon phase to a water phase in an emulsion breaking process by using a composition that contains water-soluble hydroxyacids. Suitable water-soluble hydroxyacids include, but are not necessarily limited to glycolic acid, gluconic acid, C2-C4 alpha-hydroxy acids, poly-hydroxy carboxylic acids, thioglycolic acid, chloroacetic acid, polymeric forms of the above hydroxyacids, poly-glycolic esters, glycolate ethers, and ammonium salt and alkali metal salts of these hydroxyacids, and mixtures thereof. The composition may also include at least one mineral acid to reduce the pH of the desalter wash water. A solvent may be optionally included in the composition. The invention permits transfer of metals and/or amines into the aqueous phase with little or no hydrocarbon phase undercarry into the aqueous phase.

Abstract: There is disclosed a honeycomb structural body (1) comprising: a plurality of through channels (3) formed by a plurality of partition walls (2) in an axial direction. The honeycomb structural body (1) is constituted of a plurality of honeycomb sections (10, 11) formed of materials having different characteristics, and the plurality of honeycomb sections (10, 11) are directly bonded to and integrated with one another. According to the structure of this honeycomb structural body, different high performances can be fulfilled in accordance with requests for each honeycomb section. Additionally, there is not any local stress concentration by shape mismatch of each honeycomb section or presence of a bond material, and reliability at the time of use, and the like can be enhanced.

Abstract: An oil reclaiming system for plastic waste capable of producing oils and carbonized residues in a shorter period of time and at a higher yield and capable of providing oils and carbonized residues of higher qualities, wherein granite is disposed in a furnace.

Abstract: A method for reforming a lubricating oil which includes holding stably a container (6) containing a lubricating oil (5) on a stand (4) being insulated from the earth with four high-voltage insulators (3), and applying an electrostatic potential of 30 to 50 volts by the use of an electrostatic charge generating device (7), to thereby charge electrons to the lubricating oil (5). The charge of electrons converts an unsaturated hydrocarbon (1a) and an aromatic hydrocarbon (2a) in the lubricating oil (5) to a saturated hydrocarbon (1b) or (2b) and a naphthenic hydrocarbon (2c), which reduces the viscosity of the lubricating oil. Accordingly, the use of the lubricating oil (5) in an internal combustion engine lowers the friction resistance therein, which leads to a decrease in the fuel consumption of the engine. The method allows, therefore, the enhancement of fuel economy, in combination with the suppression of oxidation of the lubricating oil itself.

Abstract: A process for extracting oil substances such as bitumen from materials such as tar sands and shales. The process may include placing the material and water in an enclosed conduit and applying heat to the water and material. The pressure inside the conduit may be increased such that temperatures above the boiling point of water may be achieved. The water and material may then be transported to a second portion of the conduit for cooling such that emissions of volatile substances into the atmosphere may be reduced. The oil substances in the material may be washed out of the material with the water and float to the top of the water where they may be separated from the water and removed from the process for further refinement. The water and remaining material may be withdrawn from the conduit for treatment or recycling.

Abstract: A process for producing olefins from biorenewable feedstocks has been developed. The process comprises first pretreating the feedstock, e.g. vegetable oil, to remove contaminants such as alkali metals and then cracking the purified feedstock in a fluidized catalytic cracking (FCC) zone operated at conditions to provide C2-C5 olefins.

Abstract: In a method of removing acidic compounds, color, and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, and for removing or converting hydrocarbons containing heteroatoms from used oil distillate, phase transfer catalysts are employed to facilitate the transfer of inorganic or organic bases to the substrate of the oil distillate. An inorganic or organic base, a phase transfer catalyst selected from the group including quaternary ammonium salts, polyol ethers and crown ethers, and used oil distillate are mixed and heated. Thereafter, contaminants are removed from the used oil distillate through distillation.

Abstract: A process to further upgrade a pre-processed used lubricating oil by: (a) contacting the partially upgraded used oil in the presence of hydrogen with a hydrodemetallization catalyst; (b) contacting the effluent of step (a) in the presence of hydrogen with a hydrotreating catalyst; (c) contacting the effluent of step (b) in the presence of hydrogen with a dewaxing catalyst; and (d) contacting the effluent of step (c) in the presence of hydrogen with a hydrotreating catalyst.

Abstract: An apparatus and a process for reclaiming fuel oils from waste oils. The apparatus and process is characterized in that waste oils are thermally cracked by combination of high pressure and vacuum in a sequence at high temperature. However, rapid thermal cracking is performed at even lower temperature of 300˜350° C. than at 400˜450° C. of conventional batch method. The semi-continuous method with bleeding process is employed and accordingly no pause stage becomes necessary to physically collect ash cake from the thermal cracking vessel as experienced from the conventional batch process. The ash cake contents drops from 5% of conventional method to 1.4% since slow reaction is a cause for oxidation problem which is related with formation of tar compounds and production rate of #2 diesel fuel oil increases 3 times more than batch process.

Abstract: A process for heating thermally unstable or difficult to heat liquid feeds, e.g., used lubricating oil (ULO) to dehydrate and/or recover distillable components therefrom, is disclosed. The liquid feed is heated by direct contact heat exchange with molten salt, preferably maintained as a bath, operating at a temperature above the boiling point of water and below 600 C. The liquid feed is heated and typically at least partially vaporized in, or above, or by contact with the molten salt to produce a heated liquid. When ULO contaminated with water is the feed, the vapor product of the process will comprise water vapor and/or distillable hydrocarbons. ULO additive decomposition products, such as carbon, may be removed as a solid, semi-solid or liquid residual phase from contact with the molten salt.