Agglomerating Patents (Class 23/313R)
  • Patent number: 6132484
    Abstract: A method of wet granulation of fertilizer and other materials into granules. The method involves formation of the granule directly on the pan from the feedstock without intermediate steps or the use of seed materials. The result is a product having a completely uniform cross section. The feedstock is initially in the size distribution of -150 mesh with 90% or greater in the size range of 200 mesh. Moisture is maintained to facilitate a steady process without cycling. The method has the advantage of allowing granulation of materials either known to be hazardous or inherently difficult to granulate in a safe and expedient manner.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 17, 1998
    Date of Patent: October 17, 2000
    Assignee: Airborne Industrial Minerals Inc.
    Inventor: Robin Phinney
  • Patent number: 6132505
    Abstract: The present invention relates to inorganic pigment pellets for coloring building materials, lacquers and plastics and to a process for the production thereof and to the use thereof inter alia for the production of pastes, suspensions and emulsion paints.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 3, 1998
    Date of Patent: October 17, 2000
    Assignee: Bayer Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Gunter Linde, Kai Butje, Manfred Eitel
  • Patent number: 6133223
    Abstract: A granular detergent product is made by contacting a liquid binder and a solid neutralizing agent. The binder has an acidic component comprising an anionic surfactant acidic precursor and an inorganic acid. The inorganic acid is at least 2.5% by weight of the acidic component. The neutralizing agent and at least some of the binder are granulated in a low-shear granulator.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 15, 1998
    Date of Patent: October 17, 2000
    Assignee: Lever Brothers Company, division of Conopco, Inc.
    Inventors: Bernardete Barreto Sampaio, Lazaro Valli
  • Patent number: 6099615
    Abstract: A method for improving bacteria and reagent actions on mineral-bearing particles. In the heap leaching process, the method also increases percolation of the leach solution through the heaped ore without the use of high concentrations of cement, high concentrations of high molecular weight polymers, or high concentration of any other binding agents. The method is accomplished by a process comprising the applying of solutions of varying combinations of bacteria, bacterial nutrients, or leaching reagents, together with surface acting agents onto the ore particles before the ore is formed into a heap. The reagents are applied by spray or foggers or foam into the ore as the ore is mined, transported out of the mine, crushed, or transferred to the heap, and before it is formed into the heap.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 16, 1998
    Date of Patent: August 8, 2000
    Assignee: Golden West Industries
    Inventor: Timothy R. Underwood
  • Patent number: 6077820
    Abstract: A process for producing a detergent powder or a composition therefore involving partial granulation in a high or low shear granulator followed by granulation in a very low shear mixer, for example a fluid bed is disclosed. The process allows powders to be produced over a wide range of bulk densities without the use of a spray-drying step.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 4, 1999
    Date of Patent: June 20, 2000
    Assignee: Lever Brothers Company Division of Conopco, Inc.
    Inventors: Vinodkumar Ramniranjan Dhanuka, Fakhruddin Esmail Pacha
  • Patent number: 5997599
    Abstract: Mechanically strong, water-disintegrable agglomerates for use as a soil conditioner produced from dust particles emitted from kilns during the manufacture of cement and a process for forming such agglomerates are disclosed. The process comprises combining cement kiln dust and a water-soluble binder to produce agglomerates which are then subjected to controlled drying such that the dried agglomerates having a size ranging from -7 to +8 Tyler Standard Sieve Series exhibit an average green crush strength of at least about 2 pounds (about 0.9 kg).
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 27, 1998
    Date of Patent: December 7, 1999
    Assignee: Magic Green Corporation
    Inventors: Greg Wommack, Carl Holley, Eugene Greskovich
  • Patent number: 5964901
    Abstract: There is disclosed a method for detecting clogging of air feed pipes, comprising air feed pipes (15), each having an outlet (13) for jetting air into a granulation section (1), and jetting nozzles (13), each situated at the center of the air outlet of a said air feed pipe for jetting a liquid of a molten raw material (e.g.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 16, 1997
    Date of Patent: October 12, 1999
    Assignee: Toyo Engineering Corporation
    Inventors: Kimikazu Kido, Tetsuzo Honda
  • Patent number: 5958865
    Abstract: A process of making a powdered detergent aggregate comprising in a single pass process the step of introducing an absorptive soda ash into an agglomerator, forming a soda ash curtain within the agglomerator, spraying a surfactant onto the soda ash curtain, forming a curtain of resultant soda ash/surfactant product, spraying a silicate thereon, and adding additional surfactant to produce a non-caking soda ash/silicate/surfactant aggregate having 40-69 weight percent soda ash, 7-14 weight percent silicate, and 14-26 weight percent surfactant having a loose bulk density of from 600-1000 g/l.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 20, 1997
    Date of Patent: September 28, 1999
    Assignee: FMC Corporation
    Inventors: Eric J. Kline, Jim Mahar, Anthony P. Zampirri
  • Patent number: 5935442
    Abstract: A fluidized bed chromatographic process for the purification and binding of molecules in a liquid to an active substance covalently bound to chromatographic adsorbent particles. The adsorbent particles are formed of a porous composite material having pores allowing access to the interior thereof and consisting of at least two density controlling particles of low or high density, or both, and a matrix formed by consolidating at least one conglomerating agent. The density controlling particles are dispersed in the matrix. The adsorbent particles have a relative density with respect to the liquid which is less than 0.95 and greater than 1.1, and they have a particle size within the range of 50-750 .mu.m. The relative density and particle size range of the adsorbent particles are selected to provide desired floatation/sedimentation properties of the adsorbent particles in the liquid in the fluidized bed process.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 8, 1993
    Date of Patent: August 10, 1999
    Assignee: Upfront Chromatography A/S
    Inventors: Allan Otto Fog Lihme, Claus Schafer Nielsen, Thorkild Christian B.o slashed.g-Hansen
  • Patent number: 5929021
    Abstract: A process for producing a detergent powder or a composition therefore involving partial granulation in a high or low shear granulator followed by granulation in a very low shear mixer, for example a fluid bed is disclosed. The process allows powders to be produced over a wide range of bulk densities without the use of a spray-drying step.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 12, 1996
    Date of Patent: July 27, 1999
    Assignee: Lever Brothers, Division of Conopco, Inc.
    Inventors: Vinodkumar Ramniranjan Dhanuka, Fakhruddin Esmail Pacha
  • Patent number: 5858325
    Abstract: A process for the agglomeration of powder or dust of alumina containing material (herein referred to as "alumina powder"), wherein an aqueous slurry of the alumina powder is formed, the slurry containing a sufficient quantity of an inorganic binder comprising a polymer form of a hydroxy salt of aluminum. The slurry is subjected to a spray drying operation to form agglomerated granules of the alumina powder, and the granules then are calcined at an elevated temperature for their consolidation. The alumina containing material comprises Al.sub.2 O.sub.3.nH.sub.2 O, wherein n is in the range of from 0 to 3.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 22, 1994
    Date of Patent: January 12, 1999
    Assignees: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Organisation, Alcoa of Australia Limited
    Inventors: John Sydney Hall, Barry James Robson, Timothy Raymond Barton
  • Patent number: 5810892
    Abstract: After being subjected to a melt crystallization operation, a crystal-containing melt is formed into particles of the same size and shape and then conducted in counter-flow relationship to washing liquid in a washing column. The crystal-containing melt can be formed into particles by a device which deposits the crystal-containing melt as identically sized drops onto a cooling belt. The particles can be completely hardened or only partially hardened when entering the washing column.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 14, 1996
    Date of Patent: September 22, 1998
    Assignee: Santrade Ltd.
    Inventors: Axel Konig, Joachim Ulrich
  • Patent number: 5779945
    Abstract: A process for producing granules from a liquid composition which includes the steps of applying the liquid composition onto solid particles of the same composition circulating in the granulation zone of a granulator, thereby causing particles to grow, discharging a stream of grown particles from the granulation zone, cooling this stream in a cooler, and dividing the stream exiting the cooler, in a size-sorting apparatus, into three streams of grown particles based on size. The stream of desired-sized particles is withdrawn for future use or processing, the stream of undersized particles is returned to the granulation zone and the stream of oversized particles is sent to a size-reducing apparatus for crushing, with the resulting crushed particles recycled back to the cooler located downstream of the granulator and upstream of the size-sorting apparatus.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 15, 1997
    Date of Patent: July 14, 1998
    Assignee: DSM N.V.
    Inventors: Pieter J. B. Nijsten, Peter J. M. Starmans
  • Patent number: 5759411
    Abstract: A horizontally-mounted, rotatable drum for mixing chemical additives with an aqueous suspension in order to promote agglomeration of suspended solids and for simultaneously separating water from them. With the drum, slurries of mining silt, clay, sludge and the like already partially dewatered to between about 50% and 60% moisture content can be further dewatered; reductions to 40% moisture content have been obtained. Supplied as a wet slurry to the drum through a hollow tube which also serves as an axle, the slurry is diverted, through a tubular branch fluidly connected to the tube, towards a vertical wall forming one end of the drum. Fed at a rate of between 200 and 300 gallons per minute, the slurry forcefully impinges against the vertical wall, simultaneously subjecting agglomerated particles in the slurry to high shear forces and freeing water. Downstream, before each of two spaced apart, annular retaining rings affixed to the drum, the slurry tends to pool.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 5, 1996
    Date of Patent: June 2, 1998
    Inventor: Dennis D. Gold
  • Patent number: 5743934
    Abstract: Mechanically strong, water-disintegrable agglomerates for use as a soil conditioner produced from dust particles emitted from kilns during the manufacture of cement and a process for forming such agglomerates are disclosed. The process comprises combining cement kiln dust and a water-soluble binder to produce agglomerates which are then subjected to controlled drying such that the dried agglomerates having a size ranging from -7 to +8 Tyler Standard Sieve Series exhibit an average green crush strength of at least about 2 pounds (about 0.9 kg).
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 5, 1996
    Date of Patent: April 28, 1998
    Assignee: Magic Green Corporation
    Inventors: Greg Wommack, Carl Holley, Eugene Greskovich
  • Patent number: 5736118
    Abstract: A method of producing spherical particles made from inorganic oxides by sol/gel conversion in which a sol is sprayed upwards from below into a reaction zone containing a reactant gas in such a way that the sol does not split up into individual droplets until immediately before or as it enters the reaction zone, and the resulting droplets fly through the reaction zone along a curved trajectory during which they are presolidified, the presolidified droplets being caught in a trap. Also described are spherical particles made from inorganic oxides with a narrow pore diameter distribution and a high resistance to wear which are suitable for use as catalysts, catalyst supports, adsorbents drying agents or ion exchange materials.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 5, 1995
    Date of Patent: April 7, 1998
    Assignee: Solvay Deutschland GmbH
    Inventors: Helmut Derleth, Karl-Heinz Bretz
  • Patent number: 5733862
    Abstract: A process for preparing high density detergent agglomerates having a density of at least 650 g/l is provided. The process comprises the steps of: (a) continuously mixing a detergent surfactant paste and dry starting detergent material into a high speed mixer/densifier to obtain detergent agglomerates, wherein said surfactant paste includes, by weight of said surfactant paste, from about 0.1% to about 50% of a non-aqueous binder, from about 70% to about 95% of a detersive surfactant, and the balance water; (b) mixing the detergent agglomerates in a moderate speed mixer/densifier to further density and agglomerate the detergent agglomerates; and (c) drying said detergent agglomerates so as to form the high density detergent composition. The process may include one or more additional processing steps such as adding a coating agent after the moderate speed mixer/densifier to facilitate and control agglomeration.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 17, 1997
    Date of Patent: March 31, 1998
    Assignee: The Procter & Gamble Company
    Inventors: Scott William Capeci, David Robert Nassano
  • Patent number: 5718733
    Abstract: A method for accelerating the solidification rate of low melting products is disclosed. The method of the invention comprises the atomization of a molten low-melting product within a fluid stream which greatly enhances the rate at which the low-melting product solidifies.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 12, 1994
    Date of Patent: February 17, 1998
    Assignee: Rohm and Haas Company
    Inventor: Adeline Frances McLaughlin
  • Patent number: 5702677
    Abstract: A process for producing spherical, non-porous hydroxyapatite particles having a size which does not exceed 250 microns and having a density of at least 3.00 g/cc. The process comprises agglomerating in the presence of water as the only additive hydoxyapatite powder feedstock having a purity of at least 97%, and having metallic impurities which do not exceed 500 ppm, to form hydroxyapatite particles having a size which does not exceed 350 microns. The particles are then dried and then sintered at a temperature from about 1,100.degree. C. to about 1,200.degree. C. to provide spherical, non-porous hydoxyapatite particles which do not exceed 250 microns and having a density of at least 3.00 g/cc. Such particles have a variety of medical uses, including bone replacement, implant coatings, and dental applications such as alveolar ridge augmentation, root extraction site fillings, restoration of periodontal osseous lesions, and soft tissue augmentations.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 10, 1996
    Date of Patent: December 30, 1997
    Assignee: Osteotech, Inc.
    Inventors: Lawrence A. Shimp, Peter J. Renkema
  • Patent number: 5665692
    Abstract: A process wherein the particle size of high density detergent agglomerates produced via agglomeration of a high active surfactant paste can be effectively and inexpensively controlled. More particularly, the process invention includes the step of regulating the level of carbonate in a highly active surfactant paste which is combined with other detergent ingredients in an agglomeration process. The agglomeration process also includes the step of treating the surfactant paste and other detergent ingredients in a high speed mixer/densifier followed by a low or moderate speed mixer/densifier resulting in detergent agglomerates.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 25, 1996
    Date of Patent: September 9, 1997
    Assignee: The Procter & Gamble Company
    Inventor: George John Kaminsky
  • Patent number: 5660599
    Abstract: Compacted ITO material is ground to a powder with particles in the size range of less than 500 .mu.m, whereupon the powder thus obtained is molded into new target blanks, either alone or in a mixture with unused ITO powder, under the simultaneous action of pressure and temperature. The temperature is kept sufficiently low so that recrystallization does not take place and the original grain size is preserved.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 7, 1995
    Date of Patent: August 26, 1997
    Assignee: Leybold Materials GmbH
    Inventors: Martin Schlott, Wolfgang Dauth, Martin Kutzner
  • Patent number: 5635152
    Abstract: Regeneration of hydrochloric acid by hydrolysis of iron chloride in aqueous solution employs a Pelletiser (5) after preconcentration of acid solution in a "Pre-Evaporator" (1). Pelletiser (5) controls pellet mixture to between 12% and 14% free water by recycling dried solids from Roaster (3), from Screen (7), or from dust removal Cyclone (9), and waste liquid from Preconcentrator (1). Preconcentrator (1) is contacted with superheated gas from Fluid Bed Roaster (3). Rotary Drier (6) dries pellets with a concurrent hot gas stream and the pellets are screened at (7) with oversize being sent to a Mill (8), undersize recycled to Pelletiser (5), and sized feed delivered to Roaster (3). HCl is produced as gas offtake from Preconcentrator (1) and passes via a demisting Cyclone into adiabatic Absorption Process section (11), where weak acid liquor and water (10) are added as required.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 24, 1994
    Date of Patent: June 3, 1997
    Assignee: Austpac Gold N.L.
    Inventor: Ernest A. Walpole
  • Patent number: 5620643
    Abstract: A method for forming agglomerated powder particles whereby powder particles absorb energy pulses emanating from a high intensity light source, which causes particles to soften to produce agglomerated powder particles by inter-particle contact, reducing the amount of fines, and producing agglomerated powder particles of increased average particle size, having smooth surfaces and improved flow characteristics for bulk powders.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 26, 1995
    Date of Patent: April 15, 1997
    Assignee: Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company
    Inventors: Joseph I. Maiden, William A. Hendrickson, John T. Boden
  • Patent number: 5585180
    Abstract: Glass microfibers having diameters of less than one micron are useful in engineered plastics to achieve very smooth surfaces and thermal stability in composite parts. As made, glass microfibers are very bulky and intertwined making it impossible to meter and feed the material using conventional equipment. The processes used for chopping and milling coarser glass fibers to prepare them for engineered plastic composites are unsatisfactory for glass microfibers for various reasons. It has been discovered that flowable glass microfiber agglomerate products can be made by processing the microfiber in a muller mill or in a self impact mill.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 12, 1995
    Date of Patent: December 17, 1996
    Assignee: Schuller International, Inc.
    Inventor: James A. Fadell
  • Patent number: 5583098
    Abstract: A particulate detergent composition having a bulk density of at least 650 g/l which is not the product of a spray-drying process consists of a substantially homogeneous granular base and optional postdosed ingredients. The composition comprises a surfactant system, alkali metal aluminosilicate builder, and a water-soluble salt of citric acid, preferably sodium citrate, and optionally other ingredients. The delivery and dissolution characteristics of the composition in the wash are improved if citrate of Rosin Rammler particle size less than 800 .mu.m is incorporated within the granular base. The composition may also contain postdosed citrate of unrestricted particle size.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 17, 1994
    Date of Patent: December 10, 1996
    Assignee: Lever Brothers Company, Division of Conopco, Inc.
    Inventors: Jelles V. Boskamp, Mark P. Houghton, Christophe Joyeux, Carolyn A. Rowe, Cornelis E. J. van Lare, Gilbert M. Verschelling, Petra Zuidgeest
  • Patent number: 5575940
    Abstract: Particles having a controlled particle size distribution and morphology are made from inorganic hydrophilic materials by dispersing inorganic hydrophilic material in a dispersant to form a dispersion phase, and mixing the dispersion phase with a substantially water-immiscible suspending liquid, which is less polar than the dispersant, to form a suspension of dispersion phase droplets in the suspending liquid. The dispersion phase droplets are stabilized by a dispersion of an organic colloidal stabilizer which is added either to the suspending liquid before mixing or to the suspension of dispersion phase droplets after mixing. The organic stabilizer limits the coalescence of the dispersion phase droplets. The dispersant is removed to form solid inorganic particles having a controlled particle size distribution and morphology.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 20, 1994
    Date of Patent: November 19, 1996
    Assignee: Eastman Kodak Company
    Inventor: Kevin D. Lofftus
  • Patent number: 5574005
    Abstract: A process for preparing detergent agglomerates for a detergent composition is provided. The process comprises the steps of: (a) providing a non-linear viscoelastic surfactant paste including, by weight of the surfactant paste, from about 70% to 95% of a detersive surfactant and from about 5% to about 30% of water; (b) regulating the amount of sodium carbonate in the surfactant paste such that the surfactant paste has a Maximum Shear Rate of at least 20 sec.sup.-1 so that the surfactant paste is processable; (c) charging the surfactant paste into a high speed mixer/densifier; (d) inputting from about 1% to about 70% by weight of a detergency builder into the high speed mixer/densifier; and (e) agglomerating the surfactant paste and the builder by treating the surfactant paste and the builder initially in the high speed mixer/densifier and subsequently in a moderate speed mixer/densifier so as to form detergent agglomerates.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 7, 1995
    Date of Patent: November 12, 1996
    Assignee: The Procter & Gamble Company
    Inventors: Robert G. Welch, David N. Githuku, Lester J. Hollihan, Charles A. Jackson
  • Patent number: 5560876
    Abstract: A process for producing strong, essentially dust-free agglomerates from dust created by an industrial operation carried out, for example, on an ore or mineral, e.g. during the thermal conversion of a material containing predominantly gibbsite to sub-alpha alumina by a multistage thermal process having at least one intermediate stage. The process comprises grinding particles of binder material containing undercalcined alumina to a median particle size of less than 30 microns and to a specific surface area in the range of 90-300 m.sup.2 /g; combining about 1-4 parts by weight of the dust with one part by weight of the ground binder material to form combined solids; mixing the combined solids with water to produce agglomerates, the total amount of added water being about 0.8-1.2 parts by weight for every part by weight of the ground binder material, plus about 0.08 to 0.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 4, 1995
    Date of Patent: October 1, 1996
    Assignee: Alcan International Limited
    Inventors: Claude Boulanger, Andrew N. Carruthers, Robert L. Clegg, Kwat I. The
  • Patent number: 5554587
    Abstract: A process for preparing high density detergent agglomerates having a density of at least 650 g/l is provided. The process includes the steps of: (a) agglomerating an aqueous surfactant paste and dry detergent material in a mixer/densifier so as to form detergent agglomerates having a density of at least about 650 g/l; and (b) inputting air into the mixer/densifier while agglomerating the aqueous surfactant paste and the dry detergent material, wherein the air has a relative humidity below the equilibrium relative humidity of the detergent agglomerates such that at least a minor amount of water from the surfactant paste is absorbed by the air.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 15, 1995
    Date of Patent: September 10, 1996
    Assignee: The Procter & Gamble Company
    Inventor: Scott W. Capeci
  • Patent number: 5516447
    Abstract: A process for the production of washing- and cleaning-active surfactant granules containing 60 to 70% by weight of surfactant and having an apparent density above 500 g/l, wherein a formulation containing a non-surface-active liquid component and having a liquid to paste-like form under normal pressure at temperatures of 20.degree. to 40.degree. C. is introduced to a fluidized bed and granulated and, at the same time, totally or partially freed from the non-surface-active liquid compound, optionally with addition of an inorganic or organic solid, and wherein the granules are discharged from the fluidized bed via a grading step by a countercurrent air-stream which is adjusted so that only particles above a predetermined size are removed from the granules.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 22, 1994
    Date of Patent: May 14, 1996
    Assignee: Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien
    Inventors: Volker Bauer, Jochen Jacobs, Ditmar Kischkel, Peter Kraeplin, Andreas Syldath
  • Patent number: 5510068
    Abstract: Porous, granular particulates of titanium, zirconium or cerium oxide, preferably essentially spherical in shape, and having a specific volume of at least 0.1 cm.sup.3 /g and an apparent packed density of at least 0.2, are prepared by (a) intimately admixing a suspension or sol of titanium, zirconium or cerium oxide, at least one hydrophobic agent, and at least one organic solvent which is immiscible or only slightly miscible with water, thus producing a liquid phase essentially devoid of oxide values and granular solids based on titanium, zirconium or cerium oxide, (b) separating the liquid phase from the granular solids, and, optionally, (c) washing, drying and calcining the granular solids.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 5, 1995
    Date of Patent: April 23, 1996
    Assignee: Rhone-Poulenc Chimie
    Inventor: Francois Parmentier
  • Patent number: 5486317
    Abstract: A process for making a detergent particle comprises neutralization of the acid form of an anionic surfactant in a high shear mixer by a stoichiometric excess of finely divided particulate neutralizing agent having an average particle size of less than 5 .mu.m. A free-flowing detergent composition is made with the process.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 10, 1994
    Date of Patent: January 23, 1996
    Assignee: The Procter & Gamble Company
    Inventors: Andrew Dorset, Olivier Paquatte
  • Patent number: 5478515
    Abstract: A water soluble dicarboxylic acid acts as a mold release agent for salt blocks when it is sprayed as a fine powder into the block press mold box just prior to a charge of salt. The acid has from 6 to 10 carbon atoms; adipic acid is a preferred release agent. The salt block having a layer of the acid on it surface may be used in water softening systems wherein the block sits in a brine reservoir and supplies salt for the recharging of an ion exchange resin. There is no build up of an unsightly scum on the surface of the brine and on the sides of the reservoir as there has been with the use of calcium stearate as the release agent.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 29, 1993
    Date of Patent: December 26, 1995
    Assignee: Morton International, Inc.
    Inventors: Kurt J. Waatti, Richard A. Bychowski
  • Patent number: 5437691
    Abstract: A method for the production of spherically shaped granules of low melting point, corrosive, subliming substances which comprises melting the substance and discharging the melt through a perforated bottom receiver and into a prilling tower in the form of a plurality of streams having diameters of 0.5 to 4.0 mm which form droplets as they fall through the tower. The prilling tower has 10 to 20 mm diameter lateral perforations through each of which a mixture of air and an atomized liquid, with a lower boiling point than the melting point of the subliming substance, is introduced to form a mist. The mist is cooled below the atmospheric temperature and transformed into a low temperature fog which minimizes sublimination. The droplets are solidified as they pass through the fog during their fall through the tower and form granules having a diameter of 0.5 to 4.0 mm which are received on a curved screen to prevent breakage.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 30, 1991
    Date of Patent: August 1, 1995
    Assignee: Chilean Nitrate Corporation
    Inventor: Armin Lauterbach
  • Patent number: 5435822
    Abstract: A spray-dried foliar fertilizer for enhancing plant nutrition and health, prepared by spray drying nutrient compounds. The foliar fertilizer is amorphous, free-flowing and water dispersible and may be applied directly to the plant foliage by dusting or spraying.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 18, 1994
    Date of Patent: July 25, 1995
    Assignee: W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn.
    Inventor: John J. Blouin
  • Patent number: 5419877
    Abstract: High temperature gas emissions from industrial power plant or environmental clean-up processes are subjected to an acoustic waveform having second harmonic content and appropriate second harmonic phase shift to impart a net acoustic Oseen force on particulate matter contained in the gas for removal of said matter. Particulate matter of 1 micron radius is positively excluded, while smaller particles are agglomerated by the sound wave. The acoustic waveform further enhances both sorption of injected sorbent particles for removal of sulfur oxides, and the efficiency of an in-line catalytic converter for removal of nitrogen oxides. The invention improves overall removal efficiency, can operate at very high temperatures, and does not produce any secondary waste, such as filters.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 17, 1993
    Date of Patent: May 30, 1995
    Assignee: General Atomics
    Inventors: Robert R. Goforth, Tihiro Ohkawa
  • Patent number: 5418198
    Abstract: A pelletizable gunning composition is provided which exhibits excellent flow characteristics, minimal release of dust, and excellent adhesion and resistance to slag. The gunning composition includes high density magnesium oxide as the primary component, and lesser quantities of powdered metal, refractory clay, binder and, preferably, graphite. The dry components are mixed together, and the binder is added and mixed, resulting in a composition that can be pelletized. After pelletizing, the composition can be coated with a dusting material to facilitate pellet flow and prevent pellet agglomeration.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 23, 1993
    Date of Patent: May 23, 1995
    Assignee: Magneco/Metrel, Inc.
    Inventors: Charles W. Connors, Sr., Subrata Banerjee
  • Patent number: 5399328
    Abstract: A process is described for preparing peroxyborate agglomerates having an active oxygen content of at least 14% by weight in which amorphous primary particles composed of peroxyborate prepared by a spray drying process are subjected to compacting pressing-agglomeration. Briquettes, compressed strips and tablets can be obtained which can be comminuted, if desired, to peroxyborate granules of desired particle size and bulk density. Advantageous, optionally colored, peroxyborate agglomerates, particularly peroxyborate granules are prepared. Preferred agglomerates and granules are composed of sodium peroxyborates.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 6, 1991
    Date of Patent: March 21, 1995
    Assignee: Peroxid-Chemie GmbH
    Inventors: Werner Doetsch, Richard Roesler, Werner Zeiss, Rudolf Siegel
  • Patent number: 5395602
    Abstract: The invention relates to sodium perborate hydrate granulates and a method for producing sodium perborate hydrate granulates with an available oxygen content of 14 to 18% by weight, especially 15 to 16% by weight; an abrasion index according to ISO test 5937 of not more than 10%; with a rate of dissolution of below 1.5 minutes, preferably below 1.0 minutes (for 1 gram of the granulate in 500 cm.sup.3 water, at 15.degree. C.); and with a bulk weight in the range of 0.6 to 1.2 kg/dm.sup.3. The sodium perborate hydrate granulate can be produced by compacting spray-dried, essentially amorphous sodium perborate hydrate starting material which exhibits a bulk weight below that of the granulate product, and a particle size of 90% less than 100 micrometers. The hydrate starting material is further characterized in that it loses 0.2 to 2.0% of its weight when stored at 60.degree. C. and 100 Pa for 30 minutes. The starting material is compacted between rollers at a contact pressure of 5.times.10 to 2.times.10.sup.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 18, 1990
    Date of Patent: March 7, 1995
    Assignee: Degussa Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Joerg Herzig, Wolfgang Zikofsky, Birgit Bertsch-Frank, Thomas Lieser
  • Patent number: 5364418
    Abstract: A process is disclosed for forming compacted silver nitrate bodies. A feed silver nitrate solution is introduced into an evaporative crystallizer (10). Steam is provided to a steam jacket (30) to heat the solution in the crystallizer (10) and form a slurry comprising silver nitrate crystals. The crystallizer (10) has an agitator (20) to mix the slurry and promote crystal growth. Slurry density is maintained within a desired range by controlling the rate of steam flow to the steam jacket (30) via a control valve (34). Slurry containing silver nitrate crystals is withdrawn from the crystallizer (10) and introduced to a centrifuge separator (78), for separating and drying the crystals. The separated, dried crystals are further dried by contact with an airstream and fall into a hopper (88). The crystals flow from the hopper into a translucent feed tube (96) and then into a roll compactor (100) that compacts the crystals to form the compacted silver nitrate bodies.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 12, 1993
    Date of Patent: November 15, 1994
    Assignee: Eastman Kodak Company
    Inventors: Ralph H. Pelto, Brian L. Simpson, Theodore E. Walker, John W. Crevelling, Kevin M. Logsdon, Paul C. Drake, Jeffrey R. Hennenkamp
  • Patent number: 5362688
    Abstract: A method for preparing granulated alkaline earth metal carbonate, especially barium carbonate and strontium carbonate, by adding a binding agent and optionally water, and granulating the carbonate material by the action of mechanical forces or by accretional granulation in, for example, a flash reactor, with simultaneous drying, and thereafter optionally subjecting the granules to a high-temperature treatment, in which method the material to be granulated and the granulated material do not come in contact with inorganic refractory material either during the granulation or during any subsequent high-temperature treatment.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 11, 1993
    Date of Patent: November 8, 1994
    Assignee: Solvay Barium Strontium GmbH
    Inventors: Jacopo Porta, Guido Riccioli, Pierino Trifoni, Christian Schiffling
  • Patent number: 5362471
    Abstract: This invention relates to an improved process for producing gypsum calcium sulfate dihydrate flakes from powdered gypsum calcium sulfate dihydrate obtained from the desulfurization of flue gas by the wet limestone process. The flakes have sufficient size and strength such that the gypsum calcium sulfate dihydrate can be handled and processed in conventional equipment commonly used by wallboard manufacturers and others in the construction industry, The intermediate calcium sulfate dihydrate from the desulfurization process is dewatered to about 5 to 12% by weight and then compressed into a thin sheet under a compaction or compression load of 4 tons force to 15 tons force per linear inch of sheet width. A linear speed of from 0.5 to 2.5 feet per second is maintained during compaction providing a compaction residence time of from about 0.2 to 1.2 seconds.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 27, 1991
    Date of Patent: November 8, 1994
    Assignee: Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.
    Inventors: Timothy J. Roth, Carmine R. Gagliardi, William R. Welliver
  • Patent number: 5338709
    Abstract: A process for producing granulated strontium carbonate in which strontium oxide, strontium hydroxide or hydrated strontium hydroxide, and optionally water, is added as the binder and is granulated and dried simultaneously or in any desired sequence. In a preferred embodiment, the material to be granulated or the granulated material does not come into contact with any inorganic refractory material during any of the process steps. The resulting strontium carbonate obtained according to the process is free of added foreign ions and, in accordance with a preferred embodiment, also free of inorganic refractory materials, and is suitable for use, for example, as the basic material in the manufacture of glass.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 7, 1993
    Date of Patent: August 16, 1994
    Assignee: Solvay Barium Strontium GmbH
    Inventor: Gilberto M. Planes
  • Patent number: 5330544
    Abstract: The average size of ammonium sulfate crystals is increased by passing undersized ammonium sulfate crystals through a multistage apparatus in which the crystals are contacted with an aqueous ammonium sulfate spray in a first heated chamber to increase the average size of the crystals, the enlarged crystals thereafter passing through a second heated chamber to dry the enlarged crystals.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 27, 1992
    Date of Patent: July 19, 1994
    Assignee: BASF Corporation
    Inventors: Walter G. Thomson, Jonathan K. Kramer
  • Patent number: 5328490
    Abstract: A method of producing calcium chloride granules of a specific size from a calcium chloride and water solution in a completely closed environment by controlling the rate of fall of a specific size of solution droplet through an up-current of hot, dry gas.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 30, 1993
    Date of Patent: July 12, 1994
    Inventor: Lucas James
  • Patent number: 5316554
    Abstract: Ammonium carbamate, in solution with urea, water and ammonia and under high temperature and pressure is cooled to below its crystallization temperature while being subjected to an elevated pressure. The crystallized substance formed is then dried, crushed, and pelletized with the aid of a binding agent to produce pellets having substantial strength and stability, and having particular utility as a deicer for roadways.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 28, 1993
    Date of Patent: May 31, 1994
    Inventor: Charles N. Hansen
  • Patent number: 5306478
    Abstract: A process for preparing granular water soluble alkali metal borate compositions by agitating a finely divided feedstock comprising a water soluble alkali metal borate and optionally boric acid, the molar ratio of alkali metal oxide to boric oxide in the feedstock being from about 0.1 to 0.5:1, optionally heating the agitated feedstock particles, contacting the agitated feedstock particles with an aqueous granulating agent to agglomerate feedstock particles, and recovering a granular borate composition having an average particle size of at least 250 micro meters. The resultant granulated product has a higher bulk density and better water dissolution rate than the feedstock particles.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 9, 1993
    Date of Patent: April 26, 1994
    Assignee: U.S. Borax Inc.
    Inventors: Igan Hayati, Kenneth W. Taylor, John M. Simon
  • Patent number: 5296177
    Abstract: A process for producing agglomerates from dust (especially electrostatic precipitator dust) collected from a process involving the thermal conversion of a material containing gibbsite to sub-alpha alumina and alpha alumina, and the agglomerates so formed. The process involves binding the dust particles together using water and undercalcined alumina taken from an intermediate stage of the same thermal conversion that originally produces the dust. The added undercalcined alumina is ground, in order to create fresh surfaces, to a median particle size of less than 30 microns and a specific surface area of about 130 to 300 m.sup.2 /g. About 1-4 parts by weight of the dust are mixed with every part by weight of the ground undercalcined alumina. A special procedure is employed for mixing the solids and water which makes use of intensive mixing.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 6, 1992
    Date of Patent: March 22, 1994
    Assignee: Alcan International Limited
    Inventors: Kwat I. The, Dirk Noteboom, Robert L. Clegg
  • Patent number: 5292461
    Abstract: Pellets are produced in a mixing vessel. In this process, the material to be pelletized is passed through a propeller-like mixer with a helical centrifugal motion and sprayed with a finely nebulized wetting agent until pellets of the desired size have been formed. High yields of well-rounded pellets can be obtained in this way. The pellets can be coated for the purpose of controlled release of the active ingredient.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 22, 1991
    Date of Patent: March 8, 1994
    Inventors: Rolf-Dieter Juch, Gerd Birenbach
  • Patent number: 5290495
    Abstract: A process for producing granules of a 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-containing light stabilizer, which comprises mixing a 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-containing light stabilizer having a melting point of not less than 60.degree. C. with a lubricant selected from the group consisting of water and an aqueous solution of an alcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and granulating the resultant mixture while pressure is applied thereto. The granular light stabilizer product has low dusting property and excellent free-flowing property.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 12, 1991
    Date of Patent: March 1, 1994
    Assignee: Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited
    Inventors: Norimitsu Numadate, Isao Nakamae, Hiroki Yamamoto, Manji Sasaki