Abstract: A liquid heating device, comprising a pump for pumping a liquid, a convertor for converting of a flow of the liquid, heat exchange a unit, the convertor being formed as a cyclone connected with the pump and having a main spiral passage for a tangential supply of the liquid, passage a unit from withdrawal of the liquid, and an additional spiral passage which is directed toward a side which is opposite toward the main passage is directed, the spiral passages having outlets which are offset relative to one another along an axis of the cyclone.

Abstract: Specifically configured dual rotor, multi-lobed, rotary gas compressors in a piping system will provide clean gas heating and re-circulation that will quickly and efficiently heat a connected process chamber or process piping section. Substantial heat is quickly generated through mechanical agitation of the gas molecules that pass through the inlet and outlet of a dual rotor, multi-lobed, rotary gas compressor. The invention application of a dual rotor, multi-lobed, rotary gas compressor as a means of imparting heat to a gas stream provides an economical source of convective heat for closed and open loop piping applications.

Abstract: A grain drying apparatus uses the heat of an engine to aid in the evaporative process. The grain drying apparatus provides an engine 20 which is used to power a fan 40. Waste heat generated by the engine is transferred to air driven by fan 40 through air duct 70 by three principle means. Air is initially warmed by contact with the engine and its radiator prior to entering the air duct 60. An exhaust pipe 50 and catalytic converter 52, carried by the engine, extends a part of the length of the elongated air duct 70, warming the air flow within the duct by contact. A finned heat exchanger tube 60, also carried within the elongated air duct, transfers heat to the air flow within the duct. An air intake pipe transfers air under pressure into a fuel tank, where the air mixes with fuel vapors. The air and fuel vapor mix is then transferred to the exhaust pipe, where combustion takes place, thereby increasing the heat flow from the finned heat exchanger.

Abstract: Specifically configured dual rotor, multi-lobed, rotary gas compressors in a piping system will provide clean gas heating and re-circulation that will quickly and efficiently heat a connected process chamber or process piping section. Substantial heat is quickly generated through mechanical agitation of the gas molecules that pass through the inlet and outlet of a dual rotor, multi-lobed, rotary gas compressor. The invention application of a dual rotor, multi-lobed, rotary gas compressor as a means of imparting heat to a gas stream provides an economical source of convective heat for closed and open loop piping applications.

Abstract: Specifically configured dual rotor, multi-lobed, rotary gas compressors in a piping system will provide clean gas heating and re-circulation that will quickly and efficiently heat a connected process chamber or process piping section. Substantial heat is quickly generated through mechanical agitation of the gas molecules that pass through the inlet and outlet of a dual rotor, multi-lobed, rotary gas compressor. The invention application of a dual rotor, multi-lobed, rotary gas compressor as a means of imparting heat to a gas stream provides an economical source of convective heat for closed and open loop piping applications.

Abstract: The present invention improves both the quality and the flow of air delivered by a ceiling fan. Ceiling fans provide limited indoor air flow, but do not function as air quality improvement apparatus. The present invention provides all ceiling fans with an ability to increase indoor air quality where they operate. One or a combination of a physical/chemical filter, an electrostatic particulate matter remover, a heating unit, and a secondary multidirectional fan provide consumers with air quality improvement options for ceiling fans to fulfill their specific needs for a given area.

Abstract: A heat generator for heating a fluid, such as water, in which the fluid is delivered to a turbine chamber having an annular array of fixed buckets, and an annular of rotatable buckets mounted on a drive shaft. The rotatable cups are mounted closely adjacent the fixed cups. Fluid is delivered to the turbine chamber between the opposed buckets to heat the fluid as it moves back and forth between the confronting buckets. The heated fluid then is delivered to a heating zone such as the passenger compartment of a vehicle, and then recycled to the generator.

Abstract: Specifically configured gas compressors in a piping system will provide clean, gas heating and recirculation that will quickly and efficiently heat a connected process chamber or process piping section. Substantial heat is quickly generated through mechanical agitation of the gas molecules that pass through the inlet and outlet of a dual rotor-multiple lobe per rotor, rotary gas compressor. The application of a rotary gas compressor as a means of imparting heat to a gas stream provides an economical source of convective heat for closed and open loop piping applications.

Abstract: A pool heating and circulating system incorporates an internal combustion engine that drives a pump for developing a flow of water. The internal combustion engine has associated therewith an exhaust pipe which is connected to a heat exchanger. An outlet of the pump is also connected to the heat exchanger such that the water extracts the heat generated by operation of the internal combustion engine. The water flowing out of the heat exchanger is then delivered to a filter and a return line. A heat insulating shield is provided about the exhaust pipe to shield the exhaust pipe from excess exposure to cool air. A bypass line can be provided between the outlet of the pump and the heat exchanger so that water can bypass the heat exchanger and flow directly to the return line and filter when it is determined that the pool water temperature is at a desirable temperature. A valve is actually positioned in the bypass line to vary the flow through the heat exchanger.

Abstract: The probe for circulating heated water for thawing frozen ground is a portion of a mobile heating system including a plurality of hose sections. The probe includes a T-connection having a fluid inlet section, a first fluid outlet section, and a second fluid outlet section. An elongate outer tube having an ingress port is affixed to the first fluid outlet section. The elongate outer tube includes a closed penetrating end for insertion into a frozen ground surface. An inner tube is positioned inside the T-connection and the outer tube. The inner tube has an inflow end positioned proximate to the closed penetrating end and an elbow having an outflow opening positioned within the T-connection where the outflow opening is positioned proximate to the second fluid outlet section. The probe defines a perpendicular fluid-flow course which depends downwardly between the outer tube and the inner tube for entry into the inner tube proximate to the penetrating end.

Abstract: A system for the heating of fluids by causing severe turbulence of the fluid within a cavity of a housing. The device utilizes a rotor closely received within a cavity, the rotor mounted upon a rotatable shaft, with the surface of the rotor provided with a plurality of uniformly-spaced recesses oriented at a selected angle to the surface. The shaft is journalled in bearing assemblies and seal units at end walls of the housing, and the shaft is rotated by any suitable motive means. The heated fluid then is stored in any suitable storage facility, or utilized for any desired purpose. The system is specifically described for the purpose of heating water. This heated water is for standard use in a facility and, if desired, to provide heat input to air within that facility. Several embodiments of the conversion unit are given together with system elements to provide desired control of the heating of the water and of the facility. The preferred conversion unit has readily replaceable bearing assemblies.

Abstract: A furnace for burning rubber tires. The furnace has a unique divided and apertured fire box to delay burning so that more complete combustion is complete. Forced air, and afterburner and a converter section also combine to provide for near smokeless discharge from the exhaust of the furnace.

Abstract: A time shared arrangement for delivering spa water and pool water to a water heater is disclosed in which check valves respond to the presence of spa water and pool water pressure. Water drawn from the pool is diverted into two streams, one passes through a check valve to a water heater and the other passes through a check valve to a return line. The flow of pool water to the heater is isolated by a further check valve forced to a close position by the pressure of the pool water. Water drawn from the spa is diverted into two streams, one passes through a check valve to a water heater and the other passes through a check valve to a return line. The flow of spa water to the heater is isolated by a check valve forced is closed by the pressure of spa water.

Abstract: A method and means of heating industrial, residential space, area and objects without heaters, for example, electrical, gas, oil and coal burners, based on the conversion of such a cooling device as centrifugal impeller into a major element of a heat generator built into an insulated enveloped circulating system; the impeller transforms its rotational energy and its losses into heat and circulates and heats air inside the system; air circulating in the insulated closed loop system becomes the source of uniform heat for a space, area and objects.

Abstract: A mobile heating system for thawing frozen ground. The system includes a hot water heater, antifreeze reservoir, and pumps mounted on a mobile apparatus such as a trailer for being towed by a car or truck. A line is connectable to the heater and antifreeze reservoir and includes a plurality of elongate heater probes for being implanted in the ground, adjacent a frozen water or sewer line. Circulation of hot water through the line and probes thaw the ground. Alternatively, the probes may be used to heat building material such as bricks.

Abstract: Usage of a conductive heat source generated by heating compressed air, wherein compressed air obtained by compression by a compressor is sent into a compressed air heater having an electric heater incorporated therein, so as to be heated, and the compressed air thus heated is fed into a steel pipe arranged in a green house for forcing culture of vegetables or in other rooms, a compressed air exhaust port provided at the end of this steel pipe being inserted into a water tank so that, with the pressure of the compressed air inside the steel pipe always kept a little higher than the atmospheric pressure, a heat thus generated is conducted to the entire pipe wall of the steel pipe and radiated to inside of said room from this pipe wall to which the heat is conducted.

Abstract: A single stage energized fluid-flywheel comprises two concentric housings defining a main circulation chamber and an annular recirculation chamber surrounding the main circulation chamber. An axially extending shaft is rotatably mounted in the outer housing and has a series of blades mounted thereon. Upon rotation of the shaft, fluid is drawn by the blades into the inlet end of the main circulation chamber. The fluid is propelled from one series of blades to the next until it is discharged from the outlet end. The fluid is then redirected around the inner housing and recirculated through the recirculation chamber. The fluid, being constantly recirculated within the device will increase in speed or maintain the existing speed with relatively minimal force being applied to rotate the axially extending shaft. Toroidal shaped flow deflectors at opposing ends of the fluid flywheel facilitate smooth transition of fluid from the main circulation chamber to the recirculation chamber and vice versa.

Abstract: A piping apparatus for melting snow and ice, wherein a large number of heat radiation pipes are arranged below or above a surface from which snow or ice is to be melted and removed. One of the ends of each of the heat radiation pipes is communicated with an inlet side header arranged in a direction substantially orthogonal to the heat radiation pipes, and the other end of the pipes being communicated with an outlet side header arranged in a direction substantially orthogonal to the heat radiation pipes, thereby constituting a piping arrangement unit. The inlet side is communicated with a feed supply of a heating medium such as hot water so as to pass the supplied heating medium such as hot water through the heat radiation pipes. Heat retaining members having therein a heat accumulation material are disposed between the heat radiation pipes, whenever necessary.

Abstract: Apparatus for conditioning the air in an enclosure utilizes a primary direct contact air/brine heat exchanger in which enclosure air is contacted with brine from a reservoir for condensing water vapor in the enclosure air onto the brine to form dilute brine. A brine concentrator is provided in the form of a secondary direct contact air/brine heat exchanger in which segregated air, separate from enclosure air, is contacted with heated dilute brine from the reservoir for evaporating water from the heated dilute brine into the segregated air to form concentrated brine. The secondary heat exchanger operates to heat the brine while it is being contacted with the segregated air.

Abstract: Apparatus for conditioning air in an enclosure includes a direct contact air/brine heat exchanger constructed to exchange air in the enclosure with the direct contact heat exchanger, and a reservoir of brine. A first brine loop is established by which brine from the reservoir is exchanged with the direct contact heat exchanger for condensing water vapor in the enclosure air onto the brine to form dilute brine that flow into the reservoir. The apparatus also includes a brine boiler constructed and arranged for establishing a second brine loop in which dilute brine from the first loop is exchanged with the boiler for evaporating water from the dilute brine and producing steam. Finally, a flow control is provided for maintaining a smaller flow rate in the second loop than in the first loop.

Abstract: A fluidized bed combustion system particularly suited for use in a residential or light industrial heating system comprising a fluidized bed combustor housing a combustion chamber wherein fuel is burned to generate hot flue gas, a heat exchanger disposed inside of the combustion chamber, a particulate collector for removing fine particles entrained in the flue gas before the flue gas is vented to the atmosphere, and a fan for supplying air into the combustion chamber. The combustor features an insulated non-adiabatic combustion chamber with a cooling and heat exchange in the combustion zone and in the free-board area above the combustion zone. Electric heating means are disposed within the fluidizing region of the combuston chamber to provide the capability of heating the slumped bed during shut down to maintain bed temperature above the ignition point.

Abstract: Apparatus for conditioning air in an enclosure includes a reservoir of brine, a direct contact air-brine-vapor heat exchanger, a brine evaporator, and a brine circulation system for exchanging brine between the reservoir and heat exchanger, and between the reservoir and the evaporator. The apparatus also includes a condenser operatively associated with the evaporator, a primary air circulation system constructed and arranged to exchange air between the heat exchanger and the enclosure for drying the air in the heat exchanger, and a secondary air circulation system constructed and arranged to exchange air between the evaporator and the condenser for evaporating water from the brine in the evaporator. Water vapor produced by the brine evaporator is condensed in the condenser which is constructed and arranged to transfer the heat released by condensation, which is the same as the latent heat of vaporization of water evaporated from the brine by the vaporizer, to the air in the enclosure.

Abstract: An impeller for frictionally heating liquid is arranged that upon rotation thereof in a liquid reservoir, liquid is forced from the exterior of the impeller through passages having restricted orifices therein to an inner outlet cavity closed on one side and having an axial opening on the other. The impeller not only heats the liquid due to the shear friction of the liquid with its outer surface, but the liquid flowing through these passages is further heated as it is forced through the orifices. The impeller serves both as a friction heater and a pump to circulate heated liquid through an outlet port in the housing to a heat utilization device and back to an inlet port.

Abstract: A boiler has a gas burner assembly and a heat exchanger positioned in a combustion chamber for heating water circulated through the heat exchanger by heat exchange with the combustion products. The performance of the heat exchanger is improved by rotating the heat exchanger to prevent formation of a boundary layer of cooler combustion products and/or a surface film of condensed moisture on the heat exchange surface.

Abstract: This invention utilizes a combustionless heat source wherein a vaned rotor having efficiently designed vanes is rotatably supported within a cavity inside a cylindrically-shaped, cast aluminum block. The vaned rotor is rotated by connection to a power source and thereby imparts mechanical energy of motion to a heat transfer fluid encased within the cavity. Frictional forces developed by agitated molecules of the fluid convert the mechanical energy of motion into heat. The heat thus generated moves uniformly throughout the cylindrically-shaped block and heat transfer fluid is circulated through a circumferential passageway contiguous to substantially all of the outer cylindrical surface of the block and absorbs the heat generated inside the cavity. The heated fluid is then conducted to a remote heat transfer station. An electrical control circuit governs the sequencing of heat demand, heat production and heat transfer cycles.

Abstract: A heat generator comprises a casing in which are mechanical friction members. A shaft driven by a motor rotates the friction members. A modulator device responsive to the speed of the shaft applies to the friction members a clamping force conditioned by the shaft speed. The heat generator further comprises a system for interfacing a heat-exchange fluid to the casing.

Abstract: An insulated reflector for a low-intensity radiant energy heating system. Several embodiments are disclosed. In one embodiment, the reflector forms a chamber which is used to preheat fresh air admitted to the heated area.

Abstract: An improved friction heater with driveshaft that rotates one frictional part relative to another interfitted with it provides, on the driveshaft, screw-and-inertia member to release frictional force between the frictional parts when the frictional parts are being stopped, permitting use of a less powerful drive for start-up and lighter structural support. The interfitted frictional parts are conical in shape and also have automatic-driveshaft release to prevent overheating from wear at the frictional interface after long use. The release provision includes a slot in the lower part of the rotor and a transverse pin in the driveshaft, that engages the slot for normal driving operation. When as result of wear, the relative axial position of rotor and housing changes sufficiently to pass out of the range of normal operation, the slot and pin automatically and correspondingly pass from engagement with each other.

Abstract: Apparatus for humidity and temperature control of the air in an enclosure comprising brine-vapor-air direct heat exchanger apparatus disposed in communication with an enclosure and a brine reservoir arranged to store brine and to be exposed to naturally occuring temperature gradients for desired conditioning of the brine. The temperature gradients may be relatively short term, such as day-night or may be longer term, such as summer-winter.

Abstract: An energy efficient system for controlling the environment in a greenhouse. The system includes an infrared heater, having a burner, a heat disbursement means and an exhaust means, and a layer of reflective and insulative material selectively deployable below the roof and inside the walls of the greenhouse to retain heat within the greenhouse, to prevent excess heat from the sun from entering the greenhouse and to reflect light into the greenhouse from the sun. The system also includes an air-to-water heat exchanger, connected at the exhaust end of the heater, that transfers heat from the heater's exhaust to water used in the greenhouse. The heated water is stored in an underground tank. A series of connected pipes, in communication with the tank, are set into the floor of the greenhouse to circulate the water through the floor to remove excess heat from the water.

Abstract: An electrical control unit has specific application to central heating systems in which a plurality of electrical connections are to be made to the unit. The unit includes a backplate to which electrical connections may be made at a plurality of positions. A housing, containing control circuits and contacts for making connection between the circuit and the backplate connections, is removably attached to the backplate. Access to the electrical connections on the backplate for testing purposes may be achieved with the housing attached and electrically connected to the backplate, but a cover on the backplate may be positioned to prevent such access during normal operation of the unit. The unit also includes two control switches of which one is operable independently of the other or of which both are independently operable upon release of an interlock. The control circuits include a printed circuit board on which one side is printed.

Abstract: An energy efficient system for controlling the environment in a greenhouse. The system includes an infrared heater, having a burner, a heat disbursement means and an exhaust means, and a layer of reflective and insulative material selectively deployable below the roof and inside the walls of the greenhouse to retain heat within the greenhouse, to prevent excess heat from the sun from entering the greenhouse and to reflect light into the greenhouse from the sun. The system also includes an air-to-water heat exchanger, connected at the exhaust end of the heater, that transfers heat from the heater's exhaust to water used in the greenhouse. The heated water is stored in an underground tank. A series of connected pipes, in communication with the tank, are set into the floor of the greenhouse to circulate the water through the floor to remove excess heat from the water.

Abstract: A heat generating unit for heating a liquid comprising a housing, at least one wedge, generally circularly shaped rotor, and means for rotating the rotor. The housing has a rotor cavity formed in a portion thereof with an inlet opening being formed through a portion of the housing intersecting the rotor cavity, and an outlet opening being formed in the housing intersecting the rotor cavity. Each wedge member is generally triangularly shaped in one cross section and includes a wedge base and a forward wedge wall. The rotor has an outer peripheral surface and is rotatingly disposed in the rotor cavity. The rotor has a forward face and a rearward face. Each wedge member is disposed generally between the forward face of the rotor in the forward end wall in the housing and each wedge member is positioned on the forward end wall so the wedge forward wall generally faces one direction of rotation of the rotor, the outlet in the housing is disposed generally near a central portion of the rotor.

Abstract: The instant invention is a major energy saver in the form of a blanket which allows personal heat control, particularly cooling. More specifically, the blanket is provided with internal ducts through which a stable foam is circulated as a cooling fluid in such a way that the inside of the blanket facing the person being cooled is maintained at a temperature slightly below body temperature, while the outside of the blanket is insulated to minimize heat exchange with the environment. Compared to the use of a liquid as the circulating cooling fluid, foam is very light and thus minimizes the weight of the blanket, but it has better heat transfer properties and heat capacity than a gas. Cooling of the recirculating cooling fluid is done separate from the blanket in a refrigeration unit connected to the blanket by a feed and return duct. The refrigeration unit can operate by means of a heat pump, or use a stored refrigerant such as ice, or employ a continuous coolant, such as tap water.

Abstract: A heating system of the portable, installed or other type in which the heat source is an apparatus in which a body of liquid is heated by friction produced in the liquid by a rotating body immersed in the liquid and the heated liquid is supplied to a heat exchanger, the heating system being made efficient and successful by relations between its parts and by reduction of the time spent in the heater exchanger by the heated liquid.

Abstract: An apparatus for converting wind energy into heat in a manner that a wind turbine operates at its optimal tip speed ratio in varying windspeeds. An accelerometer is employed in conjunction with the wind turbine to vary the size of a discharge orifice in relation to the acceleration of the wind turbine. The wind turbine drives a positive displacement pump which is submerged in a fluid to force the fluid through the discharge orifice so that the energy of the pressurized fluid is converted into useful heat.

Abstract: A heat-exchanging system for an enclosed space having wall-forming members, pipes provided on said members, and being adapted for discharging water for flow along the surfaces of the same, a source of water, a pump connecting said source and said pipes, ducts for returning water to said source, and a temperature sensor controlling the operation of said pump whereby said members serve as a heat exchanger for both heating and cooling purposes in response to predetermined temperatures.

Abstract: The system for controlling the temperature of a room, which comprises at least one duct provided in a surface of the room, especially in the floor, and at least one temperature-controlling device extending in this duct whereby the air can be circulated through this duct, provides for at least one baffle (3) in the duct (4) which deflects or diverts the air from its main direction of flow defined by the connection of the intake opening with the discharge opening. The duct (4) can be limited on the side facing the room by a covering made of heat-conducting or heat-retaining material. In a particularly suitable embodiment the temperature-controlling device (1) is disposed in the duct (4) in the form of a cable or hose; its outside diameter--or the outside diameter of a heat-conducting plate (27, 27') which preferably encompasses the device at least partly and which is in particular at least partially black--is slightly larger than the distance between the alignments of the baffles (3).

Abstract: A gas or a fired radiant energy heating system wherein a burner is connected to a long radiator tube. Means are provided for balancing the heat output over the length of the tube thereby lowering the temperature at the burner end. In one embodiment, this entails use of a length of insulator in the tube adjacent the burner and a length of turbulator near the exhaust.

Abstract: A system for heating a hot tub or spa from an existing potable hot water supply is disclosed. The system uses a heat exchanger element which isolates the potable hot water supply from the hot tub water. A failure in the heat exchanger does not cause intermixing of the potable and hot tub water and thus the system meets local plumbing codes. The heat exchanger consists of a center pipe surrounded by two concentric tubular sleeves. The center pipe carries the potable hot water from the hot water system. Surrounding the center pipe is an annular sleeve which has a plurality of longitudinal slots located on the inner surface adjacent to the center pipe. The sleeve is, in turn, surrounded by an outer jacket through which the hot tub water flows. A failure in the center pipe or the sleeve causes water to flow out through the slots, alerting the owner of the heating system that a failure has occurred.

Abstract: A multi-stage heating system comprising two or more heating stage units. Each unit holds a saturated solution of a hygroscopic solute in contact with solid solute and the units are connected in series in such a way that solution from one unit is fed into an evaporator in the next following unit. In each unit, vapour is brought in contact with the saturated solution to be absorbed by the latter, whereby the solution heats up and the so-heated solution is fed to the evaporator of the next following heating stage. The last heating stage unit is designed for the withdrawal of heat for consumption. If desired, the last unit may also be adapted for cooling. To this end this unit is associated with an external water evaporator which by heat exchange cools the solution inside the last heating stage unit to ambient or slightly above ambient temperature.

Abstract: A heating system is provided in which a rotor is rotated within a body of liquid within a chamber to heat the liquid by friction, and the liquid is conveyed to a heat exchanger and then returned to the liquid heater. The rotor chamber of the liquid heater is surrounded by a jacket chamber to which cooled liquid passes from the heat exchanger and in which it is heated by convection from the rotor chamber and from which it passes to the rotor chamber.

Abstract: A boot and foot warming device for skiers and other outdoor sportsmen comprising:a chamber bounded by a top wall having a front and a rear portion, a bottom wall, a back wall and side walls; a leg receiving opening within the front portion of the top wall; a chair structure having a back support mounted upon the top wall rearwardly of the leg receiving opening; a pivoting door hinged to the side walls thereby providing a front wall for the chamber; an air circulating heater mounted within the chamber; the bottom wall being sloped for allowing water run-off; and a drain located in the sloped bottom wall.

Abstract: A heating system using two liquid heaters of the immersed rotor type is provided for supplying heated liquid to a heat exchanger, and the liquid heaters are alternately connected to and disconnected from the heat exchanger so that the disconnected heater will produce superheated liquid.

Abstract: A fluid friction heater is disclosed. The heater includes a housing having a cylindrical inner surface. At least nearly circumferential, closely spaced grooves are formed in the inner surface of the housing, the depth of the grooves being small relative to the diameter of the surface itself. A drum is mounted within the housing and has a cylindrical outer surface in close proximity to the inner surface of the housing. The outer surface of the drum has at least nearly circumferential, closely spaced grooves formed in it as well. The pitch of the grooves in the respective surfaces are different from one another. A liquid is injected into the space between the inner surface of the housing and the outer surface of the drum. The housing and the drum rotate relative to one another so that the liquid passing between their respective surfaces is sheared and agitated by the respective grooves in the surfaces.

Abstract: A method and equipment for increasing the efficiency of a heat pump is the subject of the present invention. The method comprises providing an underground pathway for air travel, forcing a quantity of air through the pathway for operation of the heat pump, and directing air emanating from the underground pathway to the heat pump inlet. The equipment of the invention comprises a heat pump, an underground conduit presenting an elongated path for accommodating the flow of air therethrough for heat exchange purposes with the earth, with the outlet of the underground conduit being disposed for directing air toward the heat pump.

Abstract: A system for heating the operator's cabin of a machine powered by an internal combustion engine includes a primary oil conduit system wholly contained within the oil pan of the machine and having a high-pressure pump for feeding oil under heat and high pressure from the oil reservoir and back thereinto through a throttling element for heating the oil as it passes therethrough. A secondary oil conduit system operating under a pressure less than that of the primary system has an intermediate heat exchanger in heat exchange relationship with the oil heated by the first system, and has a heating heat exchanger located in the operator's cabin for supplying heat thereto. The secondary circuit contains liquid which is circulated by a circulating pump.

Abstract: A liquid heating system includes a high-pressure hydraulic pump for suctioning the liquid from the liquid reservoir and delivering it thereto through a liquid conduit into which the pump is coupled. A drive is provided for the pump, and a pressure-reducing element is coupled into the conduit downstream of the pump for reducing the pressure and elevating the temperature of the liquid. The element has a fixed flow passage, and a heat exchanger is coupled into the conduit downstream thereof. An arrangement for controlling the discharge rate of flow produced by the pump is provided as a function of the calorific heat required to be generated by the system and/or of the temperature of the liquid.

Abstract: A space heating unit comprises a pump forcing a working fluid such as a heavy synthetic oil through a shearing means to effect working and consequent heating thereof. The thus heated working fluid is passed through a heat exchanger to warm air circulating therethrough. The space heater is designed to operate cyclically with the heat exchanger and thus the working fluid being maintained at a minimum operating temperature by means of a heat store in heat exchange contract with at least a portion of the heat exchanger. The heat store contains for example a eutectic mixture of salts which undergo a phase change at about the minimum operating temperature desired for the working fluid. The heat store removes and stores heat energy from the unit when it is operating and returns its heat energy to the unit when the unit is in its at-rest mode, thereby maintaining the temperature of the unit and of the working fluid for the next cycle.

Abstract: A cycle for a heat driven heat pump using two salts CaCl.sub.2.8NH.sub.3 and ZnCl.sub.2.4NH.sub.3 which may reversibly react with ammonia with the addition or evolution of heat. These salts were chosen so that both ammoniation processes occur at the same temperature so that the heat evolved may be used for comfort heating. The heat to drive the system need only be slightly hotter than 122.degree. C. The low temperature source need only be slightly warmer than 0.degree. C.