Abstract: The invention relates to improvements of a heating means particularly in a vertical flow-wrapper.

Abstract: A request to establish a communication session is received. A clone of a communication system object with configuration information is produced and associated with a session identifier for the communication session. The session identifier for the communication session is sent to a client. When an administrator wants to make updates to re-bootable parameter(s) in the configuration information, the re-bootable parameter(s) are updated in the clone of the communication system object based on the session identifier. A message to save the session information with the session identifier is received. In response to receiving the save session information message, the clone with the updates to the re-bootable parameter(s) is sent to the communication system. This results in the communication system rebooting. By updating multiple re-bootable parameters in the clone of the communication system, a single reboot will occur. This reduces the total number of reboots that would have occurred previously.

Abstract: In order to solve the numerous problems with existing steam, vacuum, and hot water heating systems, presented are novel systems and methods of vapor vacuum heating having several improvements over the prior art, including: condensate return which can operate without steam traps; naturally-induced vacuum; improved vacuum pump operation for sustaining vacuum in such systems; liquid lift apparatus for use with such systems; and other improvements. All innovations presented herein make vapor vacuum heating more efficient and economical for industrial, commercial, and home applications. A field test conducted with these innovations show results of about 26-50% reduced energy usage, implying significant energy savings from the use of the present invention over current heating systems.

Abstract: In the heat utilization installation (1) according to the invention several heat sources (2) are included which are provided each with a jet pump (16), (17), (18), (19). The heat sources (2) are connected to a heat carrier circuit system (7) which includes a single, central circulating pump or circulating pump unit (20). The individual jet pumps (16) to (19) are so controlled for the respective heat sources (2), the required operating temperatures with respect to temperature difference between the outlet and inlet and the flow volume are maintained or achieved. With the possibility of independent control of the flow volumes at the various heat sources (2), uniform fluid temperatures as required for a buffer store (22) or heat consumers can be maintained.

Abstract: In order to solve the numerous problems with existing steam, vacuum, and hot water heating systems, first presented is a novel system and method for a vapor vacuum system having low temperature condensate return which can operate without steam traps in both single-pipe and dual-pipe configurations. Secondly is disclosed systems and methods for integrating the disclosed vapor vacuum system with a condensing boiler. Thirdly is presented several systems and method of operating radiators having low temperature condensate return with the disclosed vapor vacuum system. Finally is presented condensing vacuum boiler designs that can be utilized with the disclosed vapor vacuum system. Also presented are embodiments having naturally-induced vacuum and utilizing district heat as well as combined heat and power. All innovations presented herein make vapor vacuum steam more efficient and economical for industrial, commercial, and home applications.

Abstract: Methods and Systems for controlling boiler systems are disclosed. In one illustrative embodiment, a derivative action control is used reduce the likelihood of overshoot from a newly activated boiler. When a newly activated boiler becomes active, the boiler is held at a low firing rate for a predetermined period of time. The predetermined period of time may be cut short or even entirely eliminated under certain conditions. The methods and devices are further adapted for use in multi-stage boiler systems. In one embodiment, only the first stage of a multi-stage boiler system that becomes active is held at the low firing rate.

Abstract: A system of detection and analysis of gas or fuel oil flames using optical devices, consisting of a sensor that targets the flame's reaction zone through an optical access, a processing and control module, and an actuator, responsible for controlling the damper. The system optimizes combustion equipment operation by controlling the damper, obtaining better performance and reducing polluting emissions.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel tritium distillation device, which includes a container, a radiator covered on top of the container with a protrusion at the bottom, a conduit penetrating the container with an inlet and an outlet, the inlet being arranged in correspondence with the protrusion, and a heating device fixed below the container. The method of operating the tritiated water distillation includes the steps of adding environmental tritiated water in the container, covering the radiator on top of the container closely, heating environmental tritiated water to cause tritiated water steam to be condensed to the bottom of the radiator, and collecting the tritiated water condensation dropped from the protrusion with conduit. The present invention uses a simple structure to ease assembly and reduce the cost of cooling water source.

Abstract: A radio communication system of a water heater comprising a slave set which remotely operates a water heater main body by radio communication, and a master set which continuously communicates with the water heater main body by wired communication and which intermittently communicates with the slave set by radio communication to relay communication between the water heater main body and the slave set, wherein after the slave set instructs to change a hot water supply temperature of the water heater main body to a requested temperature by the salve set, the requested temperature previously instructed by the slave set is maintained as the hot water supply temperature displayed on the display section of the slave set for a particular time until the hot water supply temperature of the water heater main body reaches the temperature requested by the slave set.

Abstract: A method of ventilating a boiler system (10) during boiler system outages includes shifting (64) to the ventilation system (11) by stopping (70) the boiler system induced draft fan (32), closing (71) an internal isolation damper (19) in the boiler system ductwork (14), opening (72) a ventilation isolation damper (18), and starting (73) a ventilation fan (12). At the completion of the outage, before resuming operation of the boiler, the ventilation system (11) is secured (64) by stopping (80) the ventilation fan (12), closing (81) the ventilation isolation damper (18), opening (82) the internal isolation damper (19), and starting (83) the induced draft fan (32).

Abstract: A combination water heating and space heating apparatus includes a water heating unit and a space heating unit. The water heating unit has a water storage tank, a heating device for heating water stored in the tank, and a first temperature sensor for sensing water temperature. The space heating unit includes a heat exchanger for heating air supplied to an indoor space, a blower for blowing air over the heat exchanger, and a second temperature sensor for sensing air temperature in the space. Heated water is supplied from the tank to the heat exchanger by means of a circulation pump when the second temperature sensor indicates a demand for heat in the space. The apparatus is controlled to give priority to domestic hot water use (e.g., potable water) over space heating use.

Abstract: A system of controllers act as nodes on a network. One controller is identified as a supervisory node and the remaining controllers are identified as client nodes with the supervisory node and each client node broadcasting a default identifier, created at the time of manufacture, in a default domain. The default identifiers from the client nodes are received and ranked at the supervisory node according to a characteristic in the identifier. A network address is created at the supervisory node for each client node and broadcast in the default domain to all client nodes. The client nodes receive all network addresses but only recognize and internalize the network address corresponding to a specific client node. Control information is then communicated between nodes utilizing subnet and node addressing.

Abstract: A method of analyzing information from a boiler control system includes providing a series of status modes with each status mode represented as an input condition to be tested. A relative priority structure is established among the status modes and a unique message is associated with each status mode having an input condition that is true. Individual status modes are then tested in an order defined by the priority structure until a status mode in a true condition is found. The unique message associated with the status mode found to be true is displayed.

Abstract: A method for operating a boiler including sensing a demand for heat and generating and ignition request to a flame safety controller. An ordered succession of evaluation modes compares normal operation to actual operation of control devices through the step of controlled ignition and transitions to a failure mode if an evaluation mode is not successfully completed. In addition, a series of status modes with each status mode being represented as an input condition are tested. A relative priority structure is established among the status modes and a unique message is associated with each status mode having an input condition that is true. Testing of the individual status modes proceeds in a predefined order until a status mode in a true condition is found and the unique message is displayed.

Abstract: A method for operating a boiler including sensing a demand for heat and generating and ignition request to a flame safety controller. An ordered succession of evaluation modes compares normal operation to actual operation of control devices through the step of controlled ignition and transitions to a failure mode if an evaluation mode is not successfully completed. In addition, a series of status modes with each status mode being represented as an input condition are tested. A relative priority structure is established among the status modes and a unique message is associated with each status mode having an input condition that is true. Testing of the individual status modes proceeds in a predefined order until a status mode in a true condition is found and the unique message is displayed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a heating installation comprising a closed liquid circuit which is under pressure during operation, in which are incorporated a heating boiler in which heat is supplied to a liquid circulating in the circuit and heat-generating means such as radiators and/or convectors, further comprising a pressureless liquid reservoir connectable by valve means to the circuit, which valve means are mechanical valve means controlled by the pressure in the circuit.

Abstract: A heating system is provided with a closed circuit system for a first liquid, a pass-through system for a second liquid and a controller. The closed circuit system has a primary heater with a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger and a circulating pump. The primary heater has a burner for burning hydrocarbon fuel and has a first heat exchanger for transferring heat from combustion products of hydrocarbon fuel to the first liquid. The second heat exchanger allows transfer of heat from the first liquid heated in the first heat exchanger to the second liquid in the pass-through system. The closed systems also has an outlet pipe connecting an outlet of the first heat exchanger to an inlet of the second heat exchanger, and an inlet pipe connecting an inlet of the first heat exchanger to an outlet of the second heat exchanger. The pass-through system has a storage tank, a recirculating tube system with recirculating pump, a main second liquid supply, a withdrawal tube and a fast response temperature sensor.

Abstract: Domestic hot water heating control circuit is used in conjunction with a furnace control unit of a hot air furnace system which utilizes a hot water heat exchanger. The hot water control circuit has a diverter valve which is electrically connected to a thermostat which monitors a hot water tank and a fan control circuit for controlling the operation of a comfort fan for the hot air system integrated with the furnace control system. The diverter valve controls the circulation of heated water between the heat exchanger of the furnace and the hot water tank. When the hot water tank thermostat calls for heat, the diverter valve switches a relay to start the furnace and to direct heated water from the heat exchanger of the furnace to the heating coil of the hot water tank. The fan control circuit then operates to shut "off" the comfort fan to prevent cold air from being supplied to the living space in the event that the space thermostat calls for heat.

Abstract: A water-tube boiler is disclosed, comprising a body in which are located the furnace and a series of vertical tubes serving as heating and exchange surface between the furnace and the water to be heated flowing through these tubes, two respectively upper and lower manifolds to which the tubes are connected, and further comprising two independent water flows, one through the upper manifold to which the outgoing and return ducts of the heating circuits are connected, the other caused by thermosiphon action inside the tubes and the upper and lower manifolds.

Abstract: A heat unit recycler for the exchange of air in a room includes an enclosed tank containing a liquid to be heated. A heating mechanism is provided for heating the liquid in the tank and a temperature control is provided for controlling the heating device to maintain the liquid in the tank at a predetermined value. A plurality of heat exchange tubes pass through the tank. A fan at the outlet end of the heat exchange tubes draws room air into the tubes and blows heated room air from the tubes back into the room. A speed control is provided for the fan in order to control the rate of flow of the air moved by the fan. Preferably, a small air space is provided at the top of the tank and a radiator-type pressure cap is also provided at the top of the tank for relieving excess pressure in the tank by movement of air out of and into the air space.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for heating a building, room or any like space characterized in that it combines into a unit a hot-water generator constituted by a fan associated with a water-air exchanger with high thermal inertia, a tank for hot water for sanitary purposes and a hot-water generator connected by a feed line and a return line to an exchanger and to a circuit for reheating the hot water stored in the tank.

Abstract: The invention concerns a control device for gas boilers. The overall functions involving control and safety are ensured by a control box (26) with microprocessor which centralizes data collected from the ambient thermostat (27), the temperature sensor (28) on the duct (21) for heating water return, the air output sensor (19), the drawing contact (31), the extraction fan (6) speed sensor (30), and the lighter (24), and it converts them into digital signals that are made to operate the lighter, the circulation pump (19), the gas inlet electrovalve (12) and the extraction fan according to the control data that the microprocessor has memorized. Application for forced draft steamtight gas boilers.

Abstract: A low pressure system for extracting heat from the fire combustion zone within a fireplace, wood or coal burning stove, or the like, and for automatically distributing it within a region adjacent to the fire. Preferably the apparatus includes a first heat exchanger adapted to be disposed within the fire combustion zone, and a remote reservoir containing a volume of a preselected working heat exchange fluid, preferably water. The reservoir is vented to the atmosphere and it is in fluid flow communication with an electrical circulating pump which forwards the heat exchange medium under relatively low pressure to the first heat exchanger within the fire combustion zone. A second heat exchanger preferably remotely disposed from the fire combustion zone and the reservoir is in fluid flow communication with the first heat exchanger, and thus warms up in response to circulation of fluid.

Abstract: A hot water heating system wherein an air-to-water heat exchanger is attached to the outside of a jacketed space heater, and a fan draws hot air through an opening in the jacket and downward through the heat exchanger.

Abstract: A circulating fluid that is heated by a number of gas-fired burner assemblies is used to heat a space either through a hot water system or a forced air heating system. Each burner assembly includes a housing with a heat exchanger mounted therein and a gas burner for heating the fluid which flows through the heat exchanger. The heat exchangers are connected in parallel in a closed loop forced circulation system. A microprocessor based thermostat control compares the temperature in the space heated by the air with a reference temperature. Dependent upon the magnitude of the difference between the temperatures, one or more of the burner assemblies are energized. The burner assemblies are sized such that during most of the heating season only a fraction of the burner assemblies are used.

Abstract: A compact heating and cooling system in which air ducts are connected to a host exchanger system through which a coolant fluid from a condensing unit or a heating fluid from a compact water heater is selectively directed by a control circuit so that the system may be mounted outside a building to be heated and/or cooled.

Abstract: Only a limited number of organic or silicone liquid phase thermal exchange fluid types are suitable for operation over a wide range of hot and cold temperatures and these have an undesirable property of degrading at high temperatures. It is accordingly desirable to subject the thermal exchange fluid to high temperature only to the extent and times required by users. The present invention includes intermittent users which occasionally are required to attain maximum working temperatures at which thermal degradation of thermal exchange fluid occurs at a significant rate and a hot reservoir at the minimum working temperature. A stable heat transfer fluid transfers heat from the hot reservoir to the degradable thermal exchange fluid through a common intermediate heat exchanger. The degradable thermal exchange fluid is heated to a temperature just sufficient to satisfy the maximum current setpoint temperature of the intermittent users by controlling circulation of the stable heat transfer fluid.

Abstract: An orifice plate for metering a mixture of fuel and air to a blower for supply of the mixture to a burner positioned in a central plenum of a heat exchange system, the present plate further provides the sole sealing structure necessary for sealing conduit members which communicate the blower with a fuel regulator. The present orifice plate can be configured with apertures of differing size and number to facilitate field alternation of the heat capacity of the system and to allow rapid conversion of the system to alternate fuels without the need for removing and installing additional sealing structure. The ratio of fuel to air present in the mixture which is burned in the system is controlled by the size and/or number of apertures formed in the orifice plate.

Abstract: A package heat exchange system using an expanded surface gas-fired burner to supply heat via a heat exchange coil in a dome above the extended surface heat exchanger which heats domestic hot water and supplies heat via the dome to a radiator for heating a living area of a home. A control system provides for utilizing steam from the extended surface heat exchanger to heat the coil in the dome and maintains a first pressure for supplying the domestic hot water and a higher pressure when radiator heat is called for. The heat for domestic hot water may be further heat transferred in a fourth heat exchanger which adjusts the temperature of the domestic hot water. The heat supplied to the radiator may be self-pumping by utilizing steam and the heat to the radiator may be cut off by supplying a control to the return pipe of the radiator which allows the radiator to fill with condensate from the steam.