Abstract: The invention relates to a method to derive a medical form body of lithium silicate glass ceramic. To increase its strength it is proposed that in the form body comprising lithium silicate glass or containing lithium silicate glass the lithium ions are replaced by alkali ions of greater diameter to generate a surface compressive stress. To this end the form body is covered with a melt containing an alkali metal for which an aliquoted quantity of salt containing the alkali metal is used.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method to increase the strength of a form body of lithium silicate glass ceramic, which after it has a desired end geometry and after the application of a material which influences its surface to form a coating, is subject to a heat treatment. To create a surface compressive stress through the replacement of lithium ions by alkali ions of greater diameter at least that region not covered by the application layer is covered by a melt or paste consisting of or containing a salt of an alkali metal with ions of greater diameter and the form body is in contact with the melt or paste for a period of time t at a temperature T and the melt or paste is subsequently removed from the form body.

Abstract: Systems and methods for the continuous slip form construction of concrete barriers over support cages. A tube feeder of a slip form construction system can include angled tubes that can direct reinforcing bars into a concrete barrier and also provide space between the tubes for insertion of a support cage through the system and into the concrete barrier.

Abstract: A cementitious mixture for high-volume production of masonry products comprises a hydraulic binder accounting for 20 wt % or more of the cementitious mixture, the hydraulic binder comprising 75 to 100 wt % Class C fly ash with a CaO equivalent content of at least 15% by weight. The cementitious mixture also comprises one or more aggregates, and a set control system.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a carbon nanotube (CNT) extrusion. The method includes providing a carbon source, and extruding the CNT extrusion through an extrusion die. The extruded CNT extrusions can be spun into fibers, strands or the like in order to produce a final product. The carbon source can be mixed with a liquid prior to being extruded.

Abstract: A carbon nanotube (CNT) extrusion system includes a carbon source, an extrusion die having a baseplate having a plurality of die sets, each die set has a plurality of through-holes in fluid communication with the carbon source and a corresponding plurality of template tubes connected at one end to the baseplate and coaxial with the through-holes, each template tube includes a catalyst for forming a CNT structure in combination with the carbon source. An oscillating mechanism operatively associated with the free end of each template tube axially oscillates the template tubes to alternately form and release the CNT structure within each template tube in a continuous manner. The oscillating mechanism can be an alternating electric field or magnetic field applied to the template tubes, the frequency of the electric or magnetic field being synchronized with a formation rate of the CNT within the template tubes.

Abstract: An imprint apparatus molds resin dispensed on a shot region of a substrate with a mold and forms a pattern of resin on the shot region. The apparatus includes a mold stage configured to hold the mold, a substrate stage configured to hold the substrate, a drive mechanism configured to change a relative positional relationship between the mold stage and the substrate stage in an X-Y plane that defines a coordinate of the shot region and a Z-axis direction perpendicular to the X-Y plane, and a controller. The controller is configured to control the drive mechanism so that the mold and the shot region perform relative vibration, in the X-Y plane, with respect to a relative position where the mold and the shot region align, and a distance between the mold and the shot region decreases in the Z-axis direction in parallel with the vibration, and the resin is molded by the mold.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for casting a concrete product with a substantially horizontal slipform casting process, wherein the concrete mix is fed at least in one step through a limited cross-section moving progressively along with the cast, whereby the height of the product forming part (1) is changed during the cast. The invention also comprises a product forming part (1) having an adjustable height.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a fiber composite excellent in lightweight and rigidity.

Abstract: A method for making a utensil includes a first step of placing and stirring a mixture containing a melamine resin of 30-60%, a bamboo fiber powder of 30-60% and an adjuvant of 5% to form an evenly distributed first blank, a second step of cooling the first blank to form a second blank, a third step of pressing and molding the second blank to form a semi-product, and a fourth step of polishing the semi-product to form a final product of the utensil. Thus, all of the melamine resin, the bamboo fiber powder and the adjuvant are made of organic material so that the utensil can be decomposed naturally and will not pollute the environment when it is disposed of to achieve the environmental protection purpose.

Abstract: A vibrating flexible smoothing sheet or shroud disposed transversely of a direction of travel of a formed fiber panel including gypsum-cementitious slurry and embedded chopped fibers. The sheet is used to smooth the surface of the panel as it exits a fiber embedment station of a structural cementitious panel production line to remove grooves and other non-uniform surface imperfections to reduce the need for costly finishing after the panels are cured and cut to size. The flexible sheet is designed to float over the surface of the formed panel without tearing or otherwise damaging the surface of the heavily fiber reinforced surface layers of the panel. The vibrating sheet is pivotally mounted on the side dams of the web production line so it can float over the panel surface during use, but be raised off the line when not in use.

Abstract: The artificial marble with good natural pattern and color in accordance with the present invention is prepared mixing ununiformly at least two liquid resins through a line mixer 1, feeding the ununiformly mixed resin on a moving steel belt 4 at a constant speed through a flexible hose 2 and an exit nozzle 3, and reciprocating the exit nozzle perpendicularly to the steel belt by a predetermined program for the exit nozzle to stop at different positions for different durations. The line mixer used in this invention is a Kenics type and has inner elements of eight or less than eight. A line mixer with four to eight elements can be more preferably used.

Abstract: The present invention relates to screw elements with novel, tightly intermeshing, self-cleaning, co-rotating screw profiles for multishaft screw machines with pairs of co-rotating and fully abrading screw shafts, to the use of these screw elements in multishaft screw machines and to a method of generating these screw elements.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing a profiled semifinished fiber composite (FC) product from a semifinished product (2) that is made of dry fiber or prepreg material and is moved through a shaping device (1) in the longitudinal direction (L) of the semifinished product (2). The semi-finished product (2) is moved through the shaping device (1) on a support film in the longitudinal direction (L) of the shaping device (1), between the facing shaping contours of tool parts (11a, 12a). The shaping contours of the cross-sections of the tool parts (11a, 12a) continuously change from a cross-sectional contour in the feeding zone to a shaping contour in the discharge zone. Furthermore, the support piece in the drawing-in zone of the shaping device (2) is made to oscillate such that the semifinished product is transformed into a shapeable state as a result of the frictional heat generated between the support piece and the semifinished product.

Abstract: A carbon nanotube (CNT) extrusion system includes a carbon source, an extrusion die having a baseplate having a plurality of die sets, each die set has a plurality of through-holes in fluid communication with the carbon source and a corresponding plurality of template tubes connected at one end to the baseplate and coaxial with the through-holes, each template tube includes a catalyst for forming a CNT structure in combination with the carbon source. An oscillating mechanism operatively associated with the free end of each template tube axially oscillates the template tubes to alternately form and release the CNT structure within each template tube in a continuous manner. The oscillating mechanism can be an alternating electric field or magnetic field applied to the template tubes, the frequency of the electric or magnetic field being synchronized with a formation rate of the CNT within the template tubes.

Abstract: Apparatus and process are described for forming projections on a substrate for use as hook-type fasteners in touch fastening systems, wherein vibration energy may be used to soften a substrate which may be positioned between a mold and a source of vibration. The mold may include a plurality of cavities into which the softened substrate may be forced to form the projections. The substrate may comprise a film, sheet, web, composite, laminate, etc. and be useful as an attachment strip for temporary or permanent fastening. The source of vibration may be an ultrasonic horn. The process to form such projections may be operated in a continuous, semi-continuous or intermittent manner.

Abstract: Wrinkles are removed from fiber reinforced resin plies of an uncured composite layup by subjecting the wrinkles to vibration and pressure.

Abstract: A method comprising extrusion compounding a styrenic polymer and a layered compound to produce a composite, and orienting the composite to produce an oriented composite wherein the layered compound comprises natural clay, synthetic clay, natural colloid, synthetic colloid, natural sol, synthetic sol, natural gel, synthetic gel, natural fumes, synthetic fumes, or combinations thereof. A method of preparing an oriented film comprising extrusion compounding a styrenic polymer and a clay to produce a nanocomposite, casting the nanocomposite into a film, and orienting the film in at least one direction.

Abstract: A sheet of conglomerate material is formed with a visible surface having the form of so-called split stone or crocodile skin using a multiple mix consisting of at least two single mixes each formed by a granulated stone material and a hardening binder. At least one of the single mixes comprises a granular material having a hardness less than that of the granular material of the at least one other mix. When the sheet, vacuum vibrocompressed and hardened, is machined using a non-rigid abrasive tool, the surface zones (14) where the mix with the granular material of lesser hardness is present are scored to a greater degree, producing the aforementioned aesthetic effect. If, on the other hand, granules (26) of a material with a very high hardness are added to the mix, a sheet with non-slip properties is obtained.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and an installation for processing thermoplastic synthetic materials. According to the invention, the melt strands or the like are displaced in oscillation or pulsation in order to indent or penetrate the joint lines between at least two injection strands.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are described for coextruding two materials A and B, in which B is extruded on A through a port (3), in which the separating wall between the flows of A and B is formed as a flap closure (4) adapted to act as a non-return valve for the flow of B into A, and further means are provided for extruding B through the port in pulses. The pulses may be effected by opening and closing the closure, by mechanical transmission means or by the effect of imposing pressure difference on the flap (4) by the flows of A and/or B. The pulsing means preferably involves rams (1). The invention is particularly suitable for extruding a low viscosity material B onto a higher viscosity material A, or for making sheets or pipes with alternating segments of differential flexibility, or for coextruding a flow of solid particles with a flow of liquid.

Abstract: The present invention is a method of forming a compressed product. The method includes introducing a material into a press. The material has a flow direction through the press. The press is arranged to have at least one platen oscillating between a compression phase and a release phase. The at least one platen is configured to impart a compressive force onto the material during the compression phase such that the force is applied initially at an acute compression vector angle relative to the material flow direction. As a function of the angled compressive force, the material is transported a distance through the press and then released during the release phase.

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing a transversely aligned web has a spinning device provided with a plurality of nozzles for extruding molten polymer as filaments, and a conveyor on which the filaments spun by the spinning device are piled and traveling in a direction cross to the direction of array of the nozzles. The spinning device is provided with a high-speed fluid blowing unit for blowing a high-speed fluid in a direction parallel with a direction in which the filaments are extruded from the nozzles so as to attenuate the filaments. Further, the apparatus for manufacturing the transversely aligned web has at least one air stream vibrating mechanism for cyclically changing the flowing direction of the high-speed fluid blown from the high-speed fluid blowing unit in a direction cross to the machine direction of the conveyor. The filaments are vibrated in a direction cross to the machine direction of the conveyor, owing to the high-speed fluid by the air stream vibrating unit.

Abstract: A method of constructing a rail track in which a concrete track slab is produced and rail track anchor members are inserted in the track slab by an inserter system mobile along the route of the rail track includes the following steps: using a machine for continuously pouring concrete to produce two concrete walls laterally delimiting the edges of the track slab to be poured; pouring the concrete track slab between the walls; and using the inserter system to insert anchor members in the freshly poured track slab, the tie plate inserter system being adjusted accurately by a measuring station, topographical survey points, a measuring system, and reflectors carried by the inserter system.

Abstract: A method is provided for fabricating a concrete slab in a substantially horizontal slip casting process method, concrete mix is fed into a mold through a delimited cross section moving progressively in the casting process so as to form a concrete product of a desired shape. Onto the surface of the casting bed (1) is placed a core (3, 9, 10, 11) capable of delimiting the cross section of the concrete product (5, 5?) so as to provide an opening or a provision for an opening in the bottom surface of the slab. A core is provided for obtaining an opening or a provision for an opening. The structure and/or material of the core is/are such that the core is capable of yielding in vertical direction. A core may also be a multipart core, the outer part of which becomes detached from the inner part of the core in conjunction with lifting off the concrete slab from the casting bed.

Abstract: A method is provided are for fabricating a concrete product in a substantially horizontal slip-form casting process, in which method concrete mix is fed into a slip-form mold of a defined cross section moving progressively in the casting process so as to give a concrete product of a desired shape. The input power need of the concrete mix feed and compaction is measured, whereupon the travel resistance of the casting machine is controlled based on the value of a measured process variable. Therefore, quality variations in a slip-form cast product that are caused by changes in the density of the concrete mix and the travel resistance of the casting machine are eliminated.

Abstract: A method for the production of prestressed concrete products and a plant for implementing the method. Moulds provided with pretensioned wires are moved through fixed casting machines into a hardening space. In the hardening space, the combination of mould and product is lifted sideways from the casting line before hardening, using synchronised lifting equipment. The combination may be stacked for space economy. After hardening, the product is removed from the mould using the same lifting equipment. The moulds are returned to the beginning of the casting line, during which stage they are cleaned and refurbished. The products are transferred to cutting and finishing stations.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for casting a concrete product, in which method the concrete product is cast in an essentially horizontal slipform casting process during which the top surface height and profile of the concrete product being cast is measured continually. Based on the measurement results, the relative proportion of the concrete mix flowing to the upper layer or lower layer of the concrete product is controlled by way of moving or tilting a feed trough (12) located below the concrete mix feed means (2).

Abstract: Method for making a board based on a binder comprises: a mixing a composition designed to form the board body with water; b) depositing the mixture on a moving support the mixture passing through an extruder forming a board, the extruder being subjected to vibrations; c) cutting the resulting board at least lengthwise. The extruder comprises a transverse extruding die (40) provided with an upper lip and a lower lip (38) which bears on its lower surface at least a vibrator (42). The invention further concerns a board based on a binder produced by the method and the use of such board, wherein the binder is cementitious, or based on gypsum plaster.

Abstract: The present invention is an extruded hollow thermoplastic sheeting, which is made of a pair of flat and parallel sheets spaced apart and interconnected by extending ribs of shifted patterns, e.g. of a sigmoid pattern, is disclosed in this invention. The thermoplastic sheeting of the invention has stronger tear strength and balanced physical properties as compared to hollow thermoplastic sheeting with extending ribs of straight pattern of the same specification. The present invention also provides a method for production thereof, wherein a fixing and cooling assembly is oscillated relative to a die, or vice versa, to create the ribs of shifted patterns.

Abstract: Method for forming an air laid fibrous web, wherein an air born fiber stream is laid on a web shaped forming member, such as a wire, and the air laid fibrous web is bonded together. The air laid fibrous web is fed between two web-shaped forming members and bonding of the fibrous web takes place either when this is located between the two web-shaped forming members or immediately after one forming member has left the fibrous web.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of marble conglomerate slabs, starting from marble sand and/or granulates, additivated with binders, of the kind comprising a step of mixing the raw materials, a step of placing the mixture on a conveyor belt or on moulds, an under vacuum vibro-compaction step and a following step of polymerisation of the binder, further comprising a step of placing a protective sheet on said conveyor belt or on the base of said moulds, before pouring the mixture, and on said mixture, said protective sheet being comprised of hydrosoluble plastic material in such a way to coat the mixture above and at the bottom before the vibro-compaction step, said hydrosoluble material sheet beeing automatically removed, after the binder polymerisation step, from the water of the slab finishing workings.

Abstract: Magnetizable fibers dispersed in a viscous body, particularly reinforcing metal fibers dispersed in a wet cementitious material, is carried out by providing a fiber aligning member (15) having a nonmagnetic wall (17) including a first wall portion (17A) and a second wall portion (17B), moving the aligning member (15) relative to the viscous body with the first wall portion (17A) leading and the second portion (17B) trailing it and with the first and second wall portions (17A, 17B) contacting the viscous body, and directing a magnetic field into the viscous body through the first wall portion (17A) to subject the fibers (F) to a moving magnetic field.

Abstract: A method is provided for manufacturing cement fiber sheets by supplying slurry primarily including fibers and cement as main material components onto a permeable sheet, and suctioning and dewatering the slurry. The method includes a foreign matter removing operation for removing foreign matter in the slurry material before supplying it to the permeable sheet, a thickness control operation for bringing the slurry to a specified thickness after the foreign matter removing process, and a leveling operation for smoothing the slurry surface after the thickness control process. Thus, treatment for foreign matter contained in slurry as well as thickness control, is throughly carried out, so that the product surface quality is ensured.

Abstract: A quantitatively extrusion supplying method of continuously supplying synthetic resin fine particulate matters by the action of ultraviolet vibration, wherein the fine particulate matters are composed of columnar or square column-form small pellets, in which when the longitudinal length, the width, and the height thereof on the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate are x, y, and z respectively, the sum of x, y, and z is in the range of from 0.9 to 4.6 mm, and each value of x, y, and z is at least 20% of the sum x, y, and z. By the method, even the resin fine particulate matters having a diameter of 500 &mgr;m or larger can be stably and continuously supplied in a short time without need of a labor and time for cleaning a ultraviolet feeder at changing the material to be conveyed.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an automotive trim component/article. Extrusion is utilized to provide a colored and/or metallized sheet. The sheet is vacuum-formed into a three-dimensionally shaped preform or base structure. At least one mounting structure (e.g., formed by small-scale injection molding tooling) is vibration welded to a surface of the preform in order to form the automotive trim component. The invention is applicable to trim components such as bodyside molding, body panels, wheel covers, pillars, and the like.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing extruded, cellulosic continuous shaped bodies from an extrusion solution containing cellulose, water and tertiary amino-oxide. In order to improve the textile properties of the extruded continuous shaped bodies with regard to the prior art, the invention provides that the continuous shaped body (5) is conveyed, with essentially no tensile stress, on a conveying device (11) between an extrusion nozzle opening and a take-off unit (24). To this end, the speed of conveyance of the interconnected conveying device (11) is preferably less than the extrusion rate and less than the take-off rate of the take-off unit (24). By employing these measures, the textile properties such as loop strength and tendency to fibrillate can be considerably improved.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and apparatus for method for fabricating a concrete product in a substantially horizontal slip-form casting process, in which method concrete mix is fed into a slip-form mold of a defined cross section moving progressively in the casting process so as to give a concrete product of a desired shape. The method is characterized by the measurement of the input power need of the concrete mix feed and compaction, whereupon the travel resistance of the casting machine is controlled based on the value of a measured process variable. The invention can eliminate quality variations in a slip-form cast product that are caused by changes in the density of the concrete mix and the travel resistance of the casting machine.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of producing a transversely aligned web comprising the steps of extruding melted resin from a spinning nozzle to direct the metal resin downward, blowing off a primary airflow at a high temperature and at high velocity from an annular primary airflow nozzle, blowing off a pair of secondary airflows at a high temperature from a pair of secondary airflow nozzles, colliding with the pair of airflow blown off from the pair of secondary airflow nozzles each other below the spinning nozzle, spreading the colliding secondary airflow at least partly in the width direction of the conveyor, and piling on the conveyor the spun filaments so that transversely aligned web is formed of the filaments which are aligned in the width direction of the conveyor.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for devulcanizing cured or cross-linked elastomers. The method includes subdividing elastomeric raw material into small particle form, confining the particles of elastomer under high force, as in a screw extruder or the like and, as the particles remain confined, imparting ultrasonic energy to the mass to effect devulcanization. Energy is fed to the confined particles transversely of the axis along which they are advancing, and energy from a source is reflected off a portion of the apparatus and back into the treatment zone so as to achieve maximum energy utilization. In particular instances, reflection of energy is achieved by providing opposed, powered ultrasonic horns that resonate in phase with each other. In another embodiment, oppositely directed, resonantly tuned horns are used, with less than all such horns being powered and the remainder being passive or unpowered reflecting horns who resonant frequency is tuned to that of the powered horn.

Abstract: A method for producing shaped bodies of particulate material by introducing an easily flowable slurry of water and particulate material into a mold with perforated walls and by applying a sufficiently high pressure to the slurry in the mold so as to express a sufficient proportion of the liquid to allow physical contact and interengagement between the particles. The method may be carried out continuously in an extrusion process including introducing the slurry under high pressure into a extruder and conveying the slurry through a shaping section of the extruder to a draining and consolidation section of the extruder with drain holes and slits whereby a non-flowable, consolidated, shaped body leaves the extruder through an exit section.

Abstract: Molten resin material is continuously extruded from a first extruding hole extending in a width direction of a first extruding nozzle, and is passed through a second extruding nozzle which is arranged a front surface of the first extruding nozzle and has a second extruding hole at a position corresponding to the first extruding hole. The second extruding hole is a single extruding hole having a plurality of longitudinal rectangular openings arranged at the same pitch in the width direction, and a communicating section with which one end of the respective rectangular openings communicate, and the first extruding hole is a single extruding hole having coupling-element-molding openings arranged corresponding to the rectangular openings and a base-member-molding opening corresponding to the communicating section.

Abstract: Method for forming an air laid fibrous web, wherein an air born fiber stream is laid on a web shaped forming member, such as at wire (12;17), and the air laid fibrous web is bonded together. The air laid fibrous web is fed between two web-shaped forming members (11,12;17,18;19,20) and bonding of the fibrous web takes place either when this is located between the two web-shaped forming members or immediately after one forming member has left the fibrous web.

Abstract: A system for making extruded cement-based articles. The process can include forming a cement-based feed mixture including water, aggregate and binder and directing the feed mixture to a vacuum zone, wherein sufficient vacuum is maintained in the vacuum zone to remove entrained air and, preferably, excess water, from the feed mixture. The feed mixture is held in the vacuum zone at a negative pressure for a time sufficient to form a vacuum-treated or densified mixture. The vacuum-treated or densified mixture is passed through an extruder at an elevated pressure to provide an extruded cement-based article.

Abstract: A pulsed method for creating composite structures employs a pulsed application of compaction force to composite material. During the application of the compaction force, curing energy is intermittently or continually supplied to the composite material. One type of machine employing this process may create a single batch; another such machine incrementally advances the raw or partially cured composite material to create a continuous cured and compacted length of composite material. Preferably, for the single batch machine, the pulsed compaction energy diminishes in amplitude or ceases upon the gelation of the composite material; and, for the continuous manufacturing machine, each increment of composite material is moved, prior to or at gelation of the increment of composite material, into an area of the machine where pressures are continuous.

Abstract: A method for making thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer films with improved transverse direction properties comprises two preferably embossed rollers which oscillate oppositely with respect to each along their respective rotational axes. Film made by passing a liquid crystalline polymer between such rolls has improved transverse direction properties. Such films are useful in multilayer containers and for circuit boards.

Abstract: A ceramic filter containing at least one functional material and method of manufacturing, a ceramic filter whose surface through which a liquid to be purified flows into is densest and the average particle size of the filter continuously increases toward the interior thereof, a method of manufacturing the ceramic filter including ultrasonic vibration, an extrusion molding die used to manufacture the ceramic filter and an extrusion molding apparatus using the die.

Abstract: The method and apparatus for forming a structural member from solid waste which consists of comminuting or shredding solid waste into particles one inch or smaller, adding a small amount of a thermoplastic material such as polyurethane or polyethylene to produce bonding, then heating the mixture and forcing the heated mixture through a restrictive extrusion die under high compression which forms the same in a predetermined transverse cross sectional configuration. Thereupon, the shaped compressed mixture is allowed to cool while maintaining the predetermined shape, and upon cooling, a thermoplastic cover encapsulates the compressed shaped product. The structural member is then cut into the desired lengths.

Abstract: A method for controlling the viscosity of molten polymers, such as polycarbonate, takes place prior to a molding operation such as injection molding, extrusion, thermoforming or blow molding.

Abstract: A martial arts apparatus for mounting a breaking board with respect to a ground surface or another suitable structural member. A backing frame is adjustably mounted with respect to the structural support member. A back plate is adjustably mounted with respect to the backing frame. A front plate is adjustably mounted to rotate with respect to the back plate. A pair of arms are each pivotally attached with respect to the front plate. Each arm preferably has a front portion pivotally attached with respect to a rear portion. A plurality of clamping members mechanically cooperate with the front portions of the arms to clamp the breaking board between the clamping members and the front portions of the arms. The martial arts apparatus according to this invention is capable of rotating a breaking board within a plane, and rotating the breaking board into and out of a plane established by the breaking board which can be generally vertical with respect to a ground surface.