Applying Explosive Force To Make Article Patents (Class 264/84)
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Patent number: 10758960Abstract: An electrohydraulic forming device includes a tank having a tank inner wall and inside of which are positioned a mold, a first electrode, and a second electrode. A free first reflector is placed in the tank and surrounds the mold, the first electrode, and the second electrode.Type: GrantFiled: December 29, 2015Date of Patent: September 1, 2020Assignee: ADM28 S.àr.lInventors: Gilles Avrillaud, Samuel Ferreira
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Patent number: 8980148Abstract: Method of manufacturing track membranes by penetration of working substances into and through the membrane matrix of polymer material is disclosed. The matrix is placed into holder that is inserted into one end of a tubular shell, the other end of which contains a cartridge with an explosive material and a working substance in the form of a supersaturated solution of a water-soluble salt. When the explosive material is detonated, the particles of the water-soluble salt interact with the matrix in the form of a high-speed jet with the velocity of particles in the range of 3800 to 4200 m/sec. As a result of penetrating of the particles into and through the material of the matrix, a plurality of holes is formed in the matrix. The track membranes are produced by slicing the membrane matrix after removal of the residue of the particles by washing the pierced membrane with water.Type: GrantFiled: April 9, 2012Date of Patent: March 17, 2015Assignees: Nanotech Industries, Inc., Polymate, Ltd.Inventors: Oleg Figovsky, Elena Gotlib, Dmitry Pashin, Alexander Leykin
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Patent number: 8939743Abstract: With the invention, a device for fluid feed for explosive forming, which has a valve and an activating mechanism to activate the valve, is to be improved, so that the device permits both good filling of a die with fluid and good sealing during the explosive forming process in a technically simple design. This task is solved by a device for fluid feed for explosive forming that has a valve and an activating mechanism to activate the valve, in which the activating mechanism is arranged separate from the valve in an inactivated valve state.Type: GrantFiled: June 2, 2008Date of Patent: January 27, 2015Assignee: Cosma Engineering Europe AGInventors: Andreas Stranz, Alexander Zak
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Patent number: 8770139Abstract: An apparatus and process for depositing slurry upon a moving forming web. The apparatus includes a pivotally mounted headbox for depositing slurry from the inner bottom surface of the headbox down an inclined spillway as a continuous curtain onto a moving web. The headbox is mounted transverse to the direction of travel of the moving web. The headbox also has vertical edge boards, including a headbox back edge board and two opposed headbox side edgeboards, on three respective sides of the headbox to prevent slurry from spilling over the sides and back of the headbox. The headbox is supplied with slurry from a slurry mixer by a feed line mounted on a reciprocating trolley which moves, transverse to the direction of travel of the moving web, back and forth along the length of the headbox.Type: GrantFiled: March 3, 2009Date of Patent: July 8, 2014Assignee: United States Gypsum CompanyInventors: William A. Frank, Alfredas Blyskis
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Patent number: 8668866Abstract: The explosive consolidation of semiconductor powders results in thermoelectric materials having reduced thermal conductivity without a concurrent reduction in electrical conductivity and thereby allows the construction of thermoelectric generators having improved conversion efficiencies of heat energy to electrical energy.Type: GrantFiled: April 6, 2012Date of Patent: March 11, 2014Assignee: TXL Group, Inc.Inventors: Edward S. Rubio, David Charles Nemir
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Publication number: 20130264737Abstract: Method of manufacturing track membranes by penetration of working substances into and through the membrane matrix of polymer material is disclosed. The matrix is placed into holder that is inserted into one end of a tubular shell, the other end of which contains a cartridge with an explosive material and a working substance in the form of a supersaturated solution of a water-soluble salt. When the explosive material is detonated, the particles of the water-soluble salt interact with the matrix in the form of a high-speed jet with the velocity of particles in the range of 3800 to 4200 m/sec. As a result of penetrating of the particles into and through the material of the matrix, a plurality of holes is formed in the matrix. The track membranes are produced by slicing the membrane matrix after removal of the residue of the particles by washing the pierced membrane with water.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 9, 2012Publication date: October 10, 2013Applicants: POLYMATE, LTD., NANOTECH INDUSTRIES, INC.Inventors: Oleg Figovsky, Elena Gotlib, Dmitry Pashin, Alexander Leykin
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Publication number: 20120231159Abstract: A method of producing a reactive powder includes providing a bulk structure of reactive material comprising a first reactant and a second reactant, the bulk structure having a preselected average spacing between the first and the second reactants; and mechanically processing the bulk structure of reactive material to produce a plurality of particles from the bulk structure such that each of the plurality of particles comprises the first and second reactants having an average spacing that is substantially equal to the preselected average spacing of the bulk structure of reactive material. The first and second materials of the plurality of particles react with each other in an exothermic reaction upon being exposed to a threshold energy to initiate the exothermic reaction and remain substantially stable without reacting with each other prior to being exposed to the threshold energy.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 25, 2010Publication date: September 13, 2012Applicant: The Johns Hopkins UniversityInventors: Timothy P. Weihs, Adam Stover
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Publication number: 20120207641Abstract: The explosive consolidation of semiconductor powders results in thermoelectric materials having reduced thermal conductivity without a concurrent reduction in electrical conductivity and thereby allows the construction of thermoelectric generators having improved conversion efficiencies of heat energy to electrical energy.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 6, 2012Publication date: August 16, 2012Applicant: TXL Group, Inc.Inventors: Edward Rubio, David Charles Nemir
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Patent number: 7867467Abstract: The invention relates to carbon chemistry and is embodied in the form of a nanodiamond comprising 90.0-98.0 mass % carbon, 0.1-5.0 mass % hydrogen, 1.5-3.0 mass % nitrogen and 0.1-4.5 mass % oxygen, wherein the carbon is contained in the form a diamond cubic modification and in a roentgen-amorphous phase at a ratio of (82-95):(18-5) in terms of a carbon mass, respectively. The inventive method for producing said material consisting in detonating in a closed space of a carbon-inert gas medium a carbon-containing oxygen-deficient explosive material which is placed in a condensed phase envelop containing a reducing agent at a quantitative ratio between said reducing agent mass in the condensed envelop and the mass of the used carbon-containing explosive material equal to or greater than 0.01:1 and in chemically purifying by treating detonation products with a 2-40% aqua nitric acid jointly with a compressed air oxygen at a temperature ranging from 200 to 280° C. and a pressure of 5-15 MPa.Type: GrantFiled: December 30, 2005Date of Patent: January 11, 2011Assignees: Federal State Institution “Federal Agency for Legal Protection of Military, Special and Dual Use Intellectual Activity Results” Under Ministry of Justics of the Russian Federation, Joint-Stock Company “Diamond Centre”Inventor: Valery Yurievich Dolmatov
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Patent number: 7862792Abstract: The invention relates to carbon chemistry and is embodied in the form of a diamond-carbon material, in which carbon is contained in the form a diamond cubic modification and in a roentgen-amorphous phase at a ratio of (40-80):(60-20) in terms of a carbon mass, respectively, wherein the inventive material comprises 89.1-95.2 mass % carbon, 1.2-5.0 mass % nitrogen, 0.1-4.7 mass % oxygen and 0.1-1.5 mass % fire-resisting impurities. The inventive method for producing said material consisting in detonating, in a closed space of a carbon-inert gas medium, a carbon-containing oxygen-deficient explosive material, which is placed in a condensed phase envelop containing a reducing agent at a quantitative ratio between said reducing agent mass in the condensed phase and the mass of the used carbon-containing explosive material equal to or greater than 0.01:1.Type: GrantFiled: December 30, 2005Date of Patent: January 4, 2011Assignees: Federal State Insitution “Federal Agency for Legal Protection of Military, Special and Dual Use Intellectual Activity Results” Under Ministry of Justics of the Russian Federation, Joint-Stock Company “Diamond Centre”Inventor: Valery Yurievich Dolmatov
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Publication number: 20100254884Abstract: In certain implementations, a method of manufacturing electrically conductive nanodiamond particles involves providing at least one type of carbon-containing explosive material and at least one type of non-explosive material; wherein the non-explosive material contains at least one or more than one element or species other than nitrogen that serve as a nanodiamond dopant; mixing the carbon containing explosive material with the non-explosive material; detonating the mixture under conditions of negative oxygen balance in the presence of a cooling medium; purifying the product of detonation from incombustible impurities; and carrying out additional processing for activation or enhancement of electrical conductance. This abstract is not to be considered limiting, since other embodiments may deviate from the features described in this abstract.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 22, 2010Publication date: October 7, 2010Inventor: Olga Shenderova
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Publication number: 20100237528Abstract: Manufacturing process of a container (2) in a mold (5) having a cavity (8) defining the final shape of the container (2), from a polymer blank (3) heated in advance, this process comprising the following operations: introduction of the blank (3) into the mold (5) heated to a predetermined temperature, introduction into the blank (3) of a pressurized explosive gaseous mixture, ignition of the gaseous mixture.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 6, 2008Publication date: September 23, 2010Applicant: SIDEL PARTICIPATIONSInventors: Mikaël Derrien, Pierrick Protais
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Patent number: 7744790Abstract: A process for simultaneously coating and forming a body. The process includes moving two mold halves into contact with one another; introducing an injection-molding material into the mold halves so that a molding is formed; evacuating the molding; admitting a gas into the molding; igniting a plasma in the molding so that a coating is deposited on the inner side of the molding; and moving the mold halves apart so that the molding drops out.Type: GrantFiled: August 7, 2002Date of Patent: June 29, 2010Assignee: Schott AGInventors: Stephan Behle, Markus Kuhr, Marten Walther, Detlef Wolff, Matthias Bicker
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Publication number: 20090004092Abstract: The invention relates to carbon chemistry and is embodied in the form of a nanodiamond comprising 90.0-98.0 mass % carbon, 0.1-5.0 mass % hydrogen, 1.5-3.0 mass % nitrogen and 0.1-4.5 mass % oxygen, wherein the carbon is contained in the form a diamond cubic modification and in a roentgen-amorphous phase at a ratio of (82-95):(18-5) in terms of a carbon mass, respectively. The inventive method for producing said material consisting in detonating in a closed space of a carbon-inert gas medium a carbon-containing oxygen-deficient explosive material which is placed in a condensed phase envelop containing a reducing agent at a quantitative ratio between said reducing agent mass in the condensed envelop and the mass of the used carbon-containing explosive material equal to or greater than 0.01:1 and in chemically purifying by treating detonation products with a 2-40% aqua nitric acid jointly with a compressed air oxygen at a temperature ranging from 200 to 280° C. and a pressure of 5-15 MPa.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 30, 2005Publication date: January 1, 2009Inventor: Valery Yurievich Dolmatov
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Publication number: 20080317659Abstract: The invention relates to carbon chemistry and is embodied in the form of a diamond-carbon material, in which carbon is contained in the form a diamond cubic modification and in a roentgen-amorphous phase at a ratio of (40-80):(60-20) in terms of a carbon mass, respectively, wherein the inventive material comprises 89.1-95.2 mass % carbon, 1.2-5.0 mass % nitrogen, 0.1-4.7 mass % oxygen and 0.1-1.5 mass % fire-resisting impurities. The inventive method for producing said material consisting in detonating, in a closed space of a carbon-inert gas medium, a carbon-containing oxygen-deficient explosive material, which is placed in a condensed phase envelop containing a reducing agent at a quantitative ratio between said reducing agent mass in the condensed phase and the mass of the used carbon-containing explosive material equal to or greater than 0.01:1.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 30, 2005Publication date: December 25, 2008Inventor: Valery Yurievich Dolmatov
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Patent number: 7244381Abstract: The invention relates to a method for blow forming a container (1) from a parison (2) made of plastic. After heating, said container is preformed by a gas injected into the container (1, 2) at a low pressure of 5 bar and by expanding the inner volume of said container. The final shape of the container can then be achieved by igniting an inflammable gas injected into the container, whereby the combustion generates a higher blowing pressure, or by injecting an additional gas with a higher blowing pressure of approximately 40 bar into the container after pre-blowing. The invention aims at improving known blow forming methods in such a way that a barrier layer impervious to gases, aromatic substances or the like is produced on the inner side of the container without having to use big machines. To this end, a precursor gas is added to and mixed with the inflammable gas, the mixture is then ignited and a coating is formed on the inner surface of the container by the combustion.Type: GrantFiled: February 28, 2002Date of Patent: July 17, 2007Assignee: Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A.Inventors: Dominique Chatard, Heinrich Grunwald, Wilhelm Lothar, Hanno Käss
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Patent number: 6926506Abstract: The invention relates to a device for producing containers from a plastic material that can be shaped by means of stretch blow forming and whose inner space corresponds to the finished container, said container being retained on its open end by a receiving element with gas flow pipes. A moveable stretch die (1) is axially guided through the receiving element and an ignition device is mounted in order to ignite an explosive gas mixture inside the container. In order to produce plastic containers having a better outer appearance, such as a substantially clear, transparent wall, and improve reliability of production, the receiving element can be engaged in a fluidically tight manner with the main distribution block (2) by the end thereof that faces the container, the stretching die (1) being movably guided through said distribution block in the axial extension of the receiving element.Type: GrantFiled: December 14, 2001Date of Patent: August 9, 2005Assignee: Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A.Inventors: Dominique Chatard, Jens Fuchs, Hans Kindinger, Rolf Kuhn, Rudiger Wlach, Lothar Wilhelm
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Patent number: 6796780Abstract: A device for manufacturing containers from a plastic material which can be formed by stretch-blowing with a mold, the internal space of which corresponds to the finished container, which is held by its open end by a receiving portion, wherein lines connected to a metering unit are provided on the receiving portion, a moveable stretching die is guided axially through the receiving portion, and an ignitor is arranged for igniting an explosive gas mixture inside the container, and wherein a heater and cooler are provided.Type: GrantFiled: June 4, 2002Date of Patent: September 28, 2004Assignee: Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A.Inventors: Dominique Chatard, Jens Fuchs, Hans Kindinger, Rolf Kuhn, Thomas Riedel, Eberhard Sendobry, Rudiger Wlach, Lothar Wilhelm
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Publication number: 20040089967Abstract: The invention relates to a method for blow forming a container (1) from a parison (2) made of plastic. After heating, said container is preformed by a gas injected into the container (1, 2) at a low pressure of 5 bar and by expanding the inner volume of said container. The final shape of the container can then be achieved by igniting an inflammable gas injected into the container, whereby the combustion generates a higher blowing pressure, or by injecting an additional gas with a higher blowing pressure of approximately 40 bar into the container after pre-blowing. The invention aims at improving known blow forming methods in such a way that a barrier layer impervious to gases, aromatic substances or the like is produced on the inner side of the container without having to use big machines. To this end, a precursor gas is added to and mixed with the inflammable gas, the mixture is then ignited and a coating is formed on the inner surface of the container by the combustion.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 22, 2003Publication date: May 13, 2004Inventors: Dominique Chatard, Heinrich Grunwald, Wilhelm Lothar, Hanno Kass
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Patent number: 6315939Abstract: Stretch blow molded containers are made from a preform made of a plastic material suitable for stretch blow molding such as, e.g., PET. The preform is heated to a temperature suitable for stretch blow molding and is introduced into a mold. An explosive gas mixture is introduced into the preform with a stretching pressure and the preform is axially stretched with the help of a stretching rod. After stretching, the explosive gas mixture is ignited, the explosion creating a blowing pressure which presses the wall of the preform against the inner wall of the mold so as to impart to the container its definite form. Due to the temperature shock generated by the explosion, the inner surface of the container is simultaneously sterilized.Type: GrantFiled: May 14, 1999Date of Patent: November 13, 2001Assignee: Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance SAInventors: Elmar Mock, Lars Bergholtz
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Patent number: 6264880Abstract: Fluid-forming compositions in a container attached to enclosed adjacent sheets are heated to relatively high temperatures to generate fluids (gases) that effect inflation of the sheets. Fluid rates to the enclosed space between the sheets can be regulated by the canal from the container. Inflated articles can be produced by a continuous, rather than batch-type, process.Type: GrantFiled: July 22, 1998Date of Patent: July 24, 2001Assignee: The Regents of the University of CaliforniaInventors: John W. Elmer, Robert L. Bridges
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Patent number: 6257546Abstract: A method of slip casting wherein reduced pressure is applied to the mold during casting by virtue of a network of piping extending through the mold. The mold has an impermeable outer coating. Heat may also be applied to the mold during casting, by for example a heated fluid passing through piping located in the walls of the mold.Type: GrantFiled: July 21, 1999Date of Patent: July 10, 2001Assignee: British Ceramic Research LimitedInventors: Robert Norman Deakin, Andrew Watson
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Patent number: 6153002Abstract: A method is disclosed for the manufacture of a ceramic material for fillings or dental prostheses, which includes the steps of forming a precipitation product having at least one slightly soluble calcium phosphate compound, which has at least two phases of crystals; the slightly soluble calcium phosphate compound being a replacement for dental tissue. The precipitation product further includes a freely soluble compound dissolvable in the saliva of a patient's mouth and which creates a porous structure within the slightly soluble phase. The pores of this structure are filled by precipitating ions from the patient's saliva. The precipitation product is then sintered and dried, before being explosively compressed to form the ceramic dental filing material.Type: GrantFiled: August 24, 1995Date of Patent: November 28, 2000Inventors: Hans-Werner Gundlach, Wolfgang Wiedemann
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Patent number: 6022505Abstract: A process for manufacturing a ceramic metal composite body in the case of which a dimensionally stable and porous sacrificial body is produced from ceramic initial products and is filled at a filling temperature with a softened metal, particularly under an increased pressure. The filled sacrificial body is heated to a reaction temperature and the metal to be filled in, BMe, is reacted with a metal of the ceramics. KMe, forming the ceramic metal composite body which has a ceramic phase having KMe.sub.m B.sub.x and/or KMe.sub.n C.sub.y and/or KMe.sub.o CN and BMe.sub.p O.sub.3 and has a metallic phase having an intermetallic compound which is formed of KMe and BMe, the filling temperature being lower than the reaction temperature and higher than or equal to the softening temperature of the metal.Type: GrantFiled: February 20, 1998Date of Patent: February 8, 2000Assignee: Daimler-Benz AktiengesellschaftInventors: Steffen Rauscher, Michael Scheydecker, Karl Weisskopf, Tilmann Haug
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Patent number: 5866059Abstract: In order to produce a new substance having a diamond crystal structure, the following steps are taken in order. First, a graphite-like substance is prepared which contains boron (B), carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) as main elements. Then, the graphite-like substance is mixed with a metal powder to produce a mixture. Then, a pressure is applied to the mixture to produce a molded body, and then an explosion pressure is applied to the molded body.Type: GrantFiled: July 17, 1996Date of Patent: February 2, 1999Assignees: Central Glass Company, Limited, Agency of Industrial Science and Technology, Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Shuzo Fujiwara, Masatake Yoshida, Yozo Kakudate, Shu Usuba, Hiroyuki Yokoi, Katsutoshi Aoki, Masayuki Kawaguchi, Tadayuki Kawashima, Katsuharu Kasami, Tamikuni Komatsu
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Patent number: 5549731Abstract: Method and apparatus for compaction of powder of high density boron nitride, having an initial particle diameter of at least two microns, into a high density crystal aggregate of between 1 mm up to about 1 cm in diameter, the resulting crystal aggregate having a zincblende form, the wurtzite form or mixtures of the zincblende and wurtzite forms. High density aggregates of boron nitride, preferably having particle sizes with diameters at least 2 .mu.m, are placed in a hollow, substantially cylindrical first container of metal, and the first container is surrounded by a fluid-like material of metal or metal powder having a shock wave velocity V. The first container and fluid-like material are placed in a substantially cylindrical second container that is purged of substantially all air and sealed. The second container has a rigid side wall and two rigid end walls.Type: GrantFiled: December 21, 1994Date of Patent: August 27, 1996Inventors: Carl F. Cline, Mark W. Wilkins, Alan W. Hare
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Patent number: 5482695Abstract: The present invention relates to production of superhard materials.A carbon composition contains 18-38 wt. % of diamond having particle size of 40-120 .ANG. and graphite to make up 100 wt. % having particle size of 200-1000 .ANG..A process for producing the carbon composition consists in detonating a carbon-containing explosive having a negative oxygen balance, in a cooling medium containing 40-60 vol. % of carbon dioxide gas, not more than 2 vol. % of free oxygen, and a neutral gas to make up 100 vol. %.The present carbon composition will find predominant application as an abrasive for superfinish polishing.Type: GrantFiled: July 22, 1993Date of Patent: January 9, 1996Assignee: Anatoly Mikhailovich StaverInventors: Viktor A. Guschin, Alexandr A. Zakharov, Alexei I. Lyamkin, Anatoly M. Staver
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Patent number: 5425818Abstract: A densified high performance rare earth-iron-nitrogen permanent magnet obtained from a powder of a Th.sub.2 Zn.sub.17 compound containing nitrogen at interlattice sites, without using autogeneous sintering and yet preventing decomposition and/or denitrification from occurring. The process for producing the same need not necessarily use a binder, and it comprises compaction molding, or charging while applying a magnetic field, a powder of a nitrogen intrusion T--R--N compound having a specified composition and a Th.sub.2 Zn.sub.17 crystal structure, and applying thereto shock compression at a drive pressure of from 10 to 25 GPa as reduced to an equivalent drive pressure in an iron capsule.Type: GrantFiled: November 29, 1993Date of Patent: June 20, 1995Assignee: Sumitomo Special Metals Co., Ltd.Inventors: Satoshi Hirosawa, Takashi Ikegami, Ken Makita, Tsutomu Mashimo
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Patent number: 5419862Abstract: An explosion device for use in connection with the explosive disposal of poisons, explosives and the like and a method for operating the device are disclosed. The device comprises an explosion chamber which is anchored in a foundation, a lock chamber including an inner door for transferring an explosive mixture from the lock chamber into the explosion chamber and an outer door for removing material from the lock chamber, a compensating device in the explosion chamber to absorb the explosive energy generated by the explosion of an explosive mixture in the explosion chamber, a vacuum system, and means connecting the vacuum system to the lock chamber and to the explosion chamber for establishing a vacuum condition within the lock chamber and within the explosion chamber. The inner door of the lock chamber is operable, in a closed position, to prevent communication between the explosion chamber and the lock chamber.Type: GrantFiled: May 6, 1994Date of Patent: May 30, 1995Inventor: Heinrich Hampel
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Patent number: 5352429Abstract: Carbonaceous material embedded within an explosive charge, is subjected to ressure and temperature conditions during detonation of the charge at a supervelocity modified to obtain a compaction pressure profile having a peak pressure that is of substantially constant prolonged duration.Type: GrantFiled: July 14, 1992Date of Patent: October 4, 1994Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the NavyInventor: Kibong Kim
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Patent number: 5271726Abstract: Apparatus for shock-induced phase transformations in materials where two opposing shock waves pass coaxially through the material to be shocked from either end of its axial dimension on a converging path to a point where the shock waves collide.Type: GrantFiled: May 26, 1992Date of Patent: December 21, 1993Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventors: Oswald R. Bergmann, Walter J. Simmons
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Patent number: 5162118Abstract: An apparatus for the production of high density, monolithic ceramic maters. A mixed powder, such as Titanium-Boron is first subjected to uniaxial pressure to form a green compact. The compact is positioned in a vented mold between two steel plates and subjected to Self-Propagation High Temperature Synthesis to form a molten ceramic, and then to an explosively generated shockwave by an explosive charge positioned on the upper steel plate so as to compress the molten ceramic between the two plates to form high purity ceramic of more than 90% theoretical density.Type: GrantFiled: July 25, 1991Date of Patent: November 10, 1992Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the ArmyInventors: Andrus Niiler, Gerard L. Moss, Robert J. Eichelberger
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Patent number: 5158930Abstract: Disclosed is a method of improving the physical properties of superconducting materials which comprises:a. applying a high strain rate deformation to said materiThe United States Government has rights in this invention pursuant to Contract No. W-7405-ENG-48 between the U.S. Department of Energy and the University of California, for the operation of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.Type: GrantFiled: December 13, 1989Date of Patent: October 27, 1992Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the United States Department of EnergyInventors: William J. Nellis, M. Brian Maple
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Patent number: 5129801Abstract: An apparatus for synthesizing a composite material such as titanium carbide and alumina from exothermic reaction of a sample followed by explosive induced consolidation of the reacted sample. The apparatus includes a lower base for holding a powdered composite sample, an igniter and igniter powder for igniting the sample to initiate an exothermic reaction and a piston for dynamically compressing the sample utilizing an explosive reaction.Type: GrantFiled: January 16, 1991Date of Patent: July 14, 1992Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the United States Department of EnergyInventors: Barry H. Rabin, Gary E. Korth, Richard N. Wright, Richard L. Williamson
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Patent number: 5114645Abstract: A method and apparatus for the production of high density, monolithic cerc materials. A mixed powder such as Titanium-Carbon is first subjected to uniaxial pressure to form a green compact. The compact is positioned in a vented mould between two steel plates, reacted by a combustion synthesis process called SHS and then subjected to an explosively generated shockwave by an explosive charge positioned on the upper steel plate, which generates high pressures to compress the hot, porous ceramic to form high purity ceramic of more than 90% theoretical densities.Type: GrantFiled: December 6, 1988Date of Patent: May 19, 1992Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the ArmyInventors: Andrus Niiler, Gerald L. Moss, Robert J. Eichelberger
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Patent number: 5049330Abstract: A process and apparatus is provided for explosively forming plastic objects from shredded plastic such as recycled plastic having different compositions. The shredded plastic and an explosive gas mixture is introduced into a mold cavity having the shape of the object to be formed, and the gas mixture is ignited, generating sufficient heat and pressure to force the plastic to conform to the shape of the mold cavity. The temperature and pressure in the mold cavity is controlled during the explosion by releasing combustion gases from the mold cavity.Type: GrantFiled: June 26, 1990Date of Patent: September 17, 1991Assignee: Linde AktiengesellschaftInventor: Dieter Rebhan
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Patent number: 5045525Abstract: A method for the synthesis of an oxide high-temperature superconductor of defined composition by sintering of the starting oxides, wherein sintering is effected in a chemically and phyically closed system by generating a preset oxygen partial pressure through the use of peroxide additives, and the oxidic starting mixture is chemically shielded against the container material and stabilized thermodynamically.Type: GrantFiled: May 23, 1988Date of Patent: September 3, 1991Assignee: Battelle Institut E.V.Inventors: Helmut Heide, Heinrich Winter, Eva Poeschel, Eckhard Hinze
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Patent number: 4925501Abstract: This invention relates to a method of making large, fully dense compacts of substantially amorphous to very finely crystalline rare earth alloys using explosive compaction and hot working.Type: GrantFiled: March 3, 1988Date of Patent: May 15, 1990Assignee: General Motors CorporationInventor: Elizabeth F. Harasek
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Patent number: 4770849Abstract: Solid materials are dynamically loaded by impact with a piston (10) fired at the material (11) in a suitable support (12) wherein a "punch", (22) a body of material introducing an impedance mismatch, is inserted between the piston (10) and the material (11).Type: GrantFiled: October 22, 1986Date of Patent: September 13, 1988Assignee: University of QueenslandInventor: Neil W. Page
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Patent number: 4695321Abstract: This invention relates to high-hardness, high-toughness, high-density composite materials containing diamond, and a process for making such materials comprising applying shock compression to the composite powders and inducing an exothermic chemical reaction. The process is useful in making metal, ceramic and cermet diamond composite materials.Type: GrantFiled: May 1, 1986Date of Patent: September 22, 1987Assignee: New Mexico Tech Research FoundationInventors: Tamotsu Akashi, Akira Sawaoka
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Patent number: 4655830Abstract: This invention relates to the manufacture of compacts of ceramic composition, cermets, and other high hardness materials by applying explosive shock during exothermic sintering of such powders.Type: GrantFiled: June 21, 1985Date of Patent: April 7, 1987Inventors: Tomotsu Akashi, Akira Sawaoka
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Patent number: 4520078Abstract: A number of metal cores especially suitable for use in an electrical induction device such as a transformer are disclosed herein along with respective methods of making these cores. In accordance with each of these methods, the appropriate metal material is initially provided and thereafter formed into an unsolidified, preliminary shape. Thereafter, while the material is in its preliminary shape, it is densified, preferably by means of explosion bonding, whereby to improve its permeability and saturation field characteristics. In one embodiment, a metal material is initially provided as a continuous strip. In another embodiment, the metal material is initially provided as a number of plates and still in another, preferred embodiment, amorphous metal particulate material is utilized. In this latter embodiment, the orientation of the particulate material is controlled to further improve the permeability and saturation field characteristics of the ultimately formed core.Type: GrantFiled: June 8, 1981Date of Patent: May 28, 1985Assignee: Electric Power Research Institute, Inc.Inventors: Mario Rabinowitz, E. Robert Perry
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Patent number: 4384834Abstract: A compaction device for compacting powder in which a compaction chamber (16) is formed by a block (1) having a conical bore (9) and a conical sleeve (2) being movable in the bore to be compressed thereby. The taper of sleeve (2) is somewhat smaller than that of the bore (9). A combined shock absorber and extractor, for the compacted powder, which comprises a movable support (4) extending into the compaction chambers (16) and being provided with an enlarged head portion (13) having passages (14). An accumulator (42) is connected to a chamber (22) of the cylinder (11) in which support (4) is movable. The accumulator (42) improves the shock absorbing characteristics.Type: GrantFiled: February 5, 1981Date of Patent: May 24, 1983Assignee: Institut Cerac S.A.Inventor: Michel Wichoud
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Patent number: 4330568Abstract: A method of bonding at least two types of refractory ceramic materials, a first material being, for example, fireclay and a second material being, for example, alumina, to each other in order to enhance both the abrasion and corrosion resistances of heat resistant plates for valve closures of foundry ladles. The second, thermally more resistive material, which is applied to the first material in the form of relatively small particles, is preheated on at least the outer surface layers of the particles, the entire volume of the particles usually being preheated or even molten. The bonding of the two preheated materials occurs in such a way that minute particles up to drops of the second, thermally more resistive material are thrown at high speed (with high kinetic energy) onto the preheated surface of the first material. The source of such a relatively high kinetic energy can be constituted by either an explosion or a plasma beam ejected at a high outlet velocity out of the mouth of a plasma torch.Type: GrantFiled: January 21, 1980Date of Patent: May 18, 1982Assignee: Vysoka skola chemicko-technologickaInventors: Valter Boehm, Veslav Marosczyk, Antonin Cieslar, Miloslav Bartuska, Karel Rybak, Karel Zverina, Eduard Zelezny
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Patent number: 4231980Abstract: Hard boron nitride particles of wurtzite and zincblende crystal structure of larger than 50 microns particle size are formed by subjecting recrystallized pyrolytic boron nitride to dynamic shock treatment to create pressures and temperatures in which the stable form of boron nitride has a wurtzite or zincblende crystal structure.Type: GrantFiled: January 21, 1977Date of Patent: November 4, 1980Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventor: Francis R. Corrigan
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Patent number: 4201757Abstract: Hard boron nitride particles of wurtzite and zincblende crystal structure of larger than 50 microns particle size are formed by subjecting recrystallized pyrolytic boron nitride to dynamic shock treatment to create pressures and temperatures in which the stable form of boron nitride has a wurtzite or zincblende crystal structure.Type: GrantFiled: September 15, 1978Date of Patent: May 6, 1980Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventor: Francis R. Corrigan
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Patent number: 4155795Abstract: An improved method is described for thermally bonding contacting pieces of a thermoplastic material provided in a variable volume confined space surrounded by a combustible gas. The combustible gas is ignited and explosion diffused externally of the pieces of thermoplastic material and thus heats the pieces without damage sufficiently to produce interbonding when the heated pieces are compacted in the confined space. The heated pieces are compacted isostatically or non-isostatically using various apparatus which reduce the volume of the confined space. Preferably a moveable piston is provided in a cylinder to form the confined space for the pieces. The driving means for the piston can be a combustible gas which is ignited or non-combustible gas under pressure or a resilient means or other mechanical means. The products of the method are in the form of a porous mass composed of the interbonded pieces which are undamaged by the explosion.Type: GrantFiled: December 27, 1977Date of Patent: May 22, 1979Assignee: Chemotronics International, Inc.Inventors: Christopher J. Torbet, Warren A. Rice, Clarence S. Vinton
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Patent number: 4106970Abstract: An improved method is described for thermally bonding contacting pieces of a thermoplastic material provided in a variable volume confined space surrounded by a combustible gas. The combustible gas is ignited and explosion diffused externally of the pieces of thermoplastic material and thus heats the pieces without damage sufficiently to produce interbonding when the heated pieces are compacted in the confined space. The heated pieces are compacted isostatically or non-isostatically using various apparatus which reduce the volume of the confined space. Preferably a moveable piston is provided in a cylinder to form the confined space for the pieces. The driving means for the piston can be a combustible gas which is ignited or non-combustible gas under pressure or a resilient means or other mechanical means. The products of the method are in the form of a porous mass composed of the interbonded pieces which are undamaged by the explosion.Type: GrantFiled: August 29, 1977Date of Patent: August 15, 1978Assignee: Chemotronics International, Inc.Inventors: Christopher J. Torbet, Warren A. Rice, Clarence S. Vinton
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Patent number: 4017570Abstract: The preparation of three dimensional skeletal structures using the step of deforming rounded beads to form a mold or matrix is described. A filler material is introduced and then rigidified to form the skeletal structure. The deformable beads are composed of materials which deform upon compression or expansion due to pressure from adjacent beads and included, for instance, metals, waxes, salts, polymers, and ceramic compositions in their plasticly deformable states. The filler material which rigidifies to form the skeletal structure can be composed of solidifiable materials such as metals, polymers, or ceramic compositions. The solid material volume of the skeletal structure so formed upon removal of the beads is between about 2% to 20% of a corresponding volume of a non-skeletal solid material. The corresponding porosities representing the interconnected void volumes are between about 80% and 98% of a corresponding volume of a non-skeletal solid material.Type: GrantFiled: April 2, 1973Date of Patent: April 12, 1977Assignee: Chemotronics International, Inc.Inventors: Warren A. Rice, Clarence S. Vinton, Hugh Richard Norris