Abstract: A method of lubricating the contact between a first surface coated with a hydrogenous carbon film or coating of type a-C:H, ta-C:H, a-C:H:Me or a-C:H:X, as classified by VDI-Standard VDI 2840 and a second ferrous, preferably steel surface. The method comprises supplying to said contact a lubricating oil composition comprising a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity and (a) an oil-soluble or oil-dispersible molybdenum compound in an amount such as to provide between 150 and 1000 ppm by weight of molybdenum to the lubricating oil composition, and (b) between 0.1 and 5% by weight with respect to the weight of the lubricating oil composition of a polymeric organic friction modifier, the organic friction modifier being the reaction product of (i) a functionalised polyolefin, (ii) a polyether, (iii) a polyol and (iv) a monocarboxylic acid chain terminating group.

Abstract: The sliding member according to the present invention includes: a base material; and a sliding film that covers a surface of the base material and constitutes a sliding surface, and is used under a wet condition where lubricant oil exists. The sliding film according to the present invention is a laminated film that includes: an underlying layer formed on the surface of the base material; and an outermost layer formed at least on a part of the underlying layer. This outermost layer is characterized by including specific boron-containing amorphous carbon (specific B-DLC) that contains 4-50% B and 5-50% H when the outermost layer as a whole is 100 at %. This specific B-DLC itself wears away during the sliding to smooth the sliding surface, and an excellent low friction property is exhibited. The underlying layer of the specific B-DLC contributes to improvement in the wear resistance property of the sliding film.

Abstract: Exemplary pistons and oil control ring assemblies are disclosed, along with methods of making and using the same. An exemplary piston assembly includes a main body defining an outer circumferentially disposed groove, and an oil control ring assembly selectively disposed within the outer circumferentially disposed groove. The oil control ring assembly may include upper and lower oil control rails selectively disposed within the piston groove, each having a respective seal surface configured to seal against a piston bore surface of an engine. The oil control ring assembly may further an expander selectively disposed in the groove. The expander may be configured to push the upper and lower oil control rails radially outward to contact the piston bore surface. The upper and lower oil control rings may define different radial widths.

Abstract: An improved oil and gas seal assembly for an internal combustion engine that includes a scraper ring retained within an annular containment groove that, in several embodiments, is formed in the side wall of the cylinder and sized to allow the scraper ring to be fitted therein. The depth of the annular containment groove is sufficient to allow the scraper ring to be expanded during assembly with the piston and during engine operation when the assembly is exposed to vibration and heat variations. A resilient element surrounds the scraper ring within the annular containment groove in order to apply inward forces to the scraper ring and keep it in contact with the movable piston skirt side wall, and also in contact with at least one wall of the groove to prevent an alternative migration path for oil or combustion gases.

Abstract: An insertion apparatus supplies malleable material into a piston ring groove. An arcuate nozzle is supplied with malleable material under pressure created by a plunger urged by an actuator driven by an electric motor. A rotatable piston nest made of resilient material receives and snuggly secures a piston therein. The rotatable piston nest and piston are movable between a first, retracted position and a second, extended position. In the extended position the groove of the piston ring is spaced in proximity to the arcuate nozzle where malleable material is metered into the groove. Rotational indexing of the piston enables placement of the malleable material in circumferential locations within the piston ring groove.

Abstract: A piston ring (6) which is arranged with radial and axial play in an associated piston ring groove (5) in a piston (1) of a reciprocating internal combustion engine can be stabilized to prevent tilting on and contact with the radially outer edge of the piston ring groove (5) by the cross section of the piston ring (6) and/or the piston ring groove (5) being designed in such a manner that a gap is formed between the lower side of the piston ring (6) and the lower supporting surface of the associated piston ring groove (5), said gap opening vertically radially outwards in the radial direction and, when the piston ring (6) is not subjected to a load, remaining open to the outside irrespective of the temperature of the piston (1) for as long as the piston ring (6) is not loaded by pressure on the top side.

Abstract: The invention relates to an adjusting shaft arrangement (1) of a variable turbine geometry turbocharger or waste gate turbocharger having an adjusting shaft (2) which has a fastening section (3); having a lever (4) which is connected to the adjusting shaft (2) via the fastening section (3); having a sleeve (5) which is arranged on a base body (6) of the adjusting shaft (2); and having a seal (7) which is arranged in the region of the base body (6) between the sleeve (5) and the adjusting shaft (2); the main body (6) of the adjusting shaft (2) having a stepped outer contour; and the sleeve (5) having an inner contour with a stepped inner contour which complements the design of the base body (6).

Abstract: This invention relates to sealing rings for sealing between relatively moveable parts of an engine. A sealing ring can is typically located in the groove 11 of a piston 12 to seal between the piston 12 and the cylinder wall 13. In a typical embodiment one end 18 of the ring in 10 is formed with a projecting tongue 19, whilst the other end 20 has a groove 21. In use, the tongue 19, lies within the groove 20 and the length of the tongue 19 and groove 21 are selected so that a part of the tongue 19 will remain within the groove 21 throughout any design thermal expansions or contraction of the ring 10.

Abstract: There is provided a sliding member including a base body and a hard carbon coating formed on the base body to define a sliding surface for sliding contact with an opposing member under lubrication according to one embodiment of the present invention. The hard carbon coating has an outermost surface portion lower in hydrogen content than a remaining portion thereof, or an outermost coating layer lower in hydrogen content than at least one other coating layer.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a housing wheel engine that has one wheel shaped combustion housing, the housing wheel engine can hold several pistons which's both sides working inside the combustion housing. The housing wheel engine transmits its rotating movement directly to the driveshaft by planetary gearsets. A four strokes time mechanism provided by planetary gearsets.

Abstract: An insert for a cylinder sleeve or a cylinder of an internal combustion engine is provided for narrowing the diameter of the cylinder sleeve or cylinder in the region of the upper dead center of a piston guided in the cylinder sleeve or cylinder. The insert is formed as an open, biased ring having a ring joint, which ring is held radially by means of its radial forces, which act outward, and axially by a recess in the cylinder sleeve or cylinder, in such a manner that the radial surface pressure is approximately the same on the circumference, whereby its ratio of ring wall thickness (d) to inside diameter (D) of the cylinder sleeve or the cylinder amounts to between 0.001 and 0.02.

Abstract: A piston ring 1 for internal combustion engines comprises a hard film 2 formed on at least an outer circumferential sliding surface of the piston ring 1. The hard film 2 includes chromium, nitrogen and silicon as structural elements and the same crystal structure as CrN, and is composed of a crystal phase where silicon is contained in a solid solution state in a crystal lattice at an atomic ratio between 1 and 9.5 percent. The hard film may be the following film. Namely, a hard film is composed of a mixed phase of a crystal phase and an amorphous phase; the crystal phase includes chromium, nitrogen and silicon as structural elements and the same crystal structure as CrN and moreover includes silicon contained in a solid solution state in a crystal lattice; the amorphous phase includes silicon, nitrogen and chromium as structural elements; the ratio of the amorphous phase in the hard film is 4.5 percent or less; and the silicon content in the hard film is between 1 and 9.5 percent at an atomic ratio.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a wiping and/or sealing element for sealing a piston (11) guided movably in a housing (10) with a seal held in a groove (21, 30). The present invention pertains, furthermore, to a process for sealing a movable piston (11) by means of a seal inserted into a groove (21, 30) and a clamping and/or support element with a piston (21), which is guided in a housing (10) such that it can be withdrawn and extended, wherein the piston (11) is sealed by means of a seal arranged in a groove (21). To achieve sealing of the piston (11) with a high sealing force for high liquid pressures at low friction, the wiping and/or sealing element according to the present invention as well as the clamping and/or support element according to the present invention are wherein the seal is a quad ring (22) with a square cross section.

Abstract: A piston ring assembly includes a piston, and at least one piston ring positioned within a piston groove. Stabilization and support of the piston is provided by a support arrangement, including at least one support member positioned radially between a back wall of the ring groove and the piston ring. The support arrangement desirably acts to accommodate transverse loads exerted upon the piston during normal operation, and can optionally be configured for enhanced sealing of gasses.

Abstract: Finishing a seal assembly as a unit is proposed, which prevents alignment of the end gaps of the annular body and the annular ring of the seal assembly, provides the ability to manufacture the seal assembly to very low tolerances, and establishes virtually perfect parallelism between the upper and lower surfaces of the seal assembly. A finishing process is characterized by lapping a seal assembly as an assembled unit with a lapper using gritted oil as a polishing medium.

Abstract: A seal for the selective sealing of a rod which is reciprocatable within an opening through the wall of an enclosure such as the filling station of a packaging machine, the seal being actuatable to selectively provide a fluid-tight seal between the rod and the wall and release of the seal for free non-sealed movement of the rod within the opening. A method is disclosed.

Abstract: In an annular groove carried by one of a pair of reciprocally movable members, a pin extending into the annular groove and a sidewall of the other one of the pair of reciprocally movable members, a seal assembly comprising a ring carried by an annular body mounted in the annular groove for sealing the reciprocally movable members for minimizing fluid leakage between the members, wherein the pin extends into and through a notch carried by the annular body and an end gap of the ring for retarding rotation of and between the annular body and the ring.