Abstract: A nozzle plate contains nozzles, liquid chambers and connection channels between liquid chambers and supply containers for the liquid. All the function regions are produced integrally as a microstructure body by casting from one or more microstructured mold inserts. The smallest implementable spacing of the nozzles from one another can be considerably smaller than in the previously known plates, which allows increased printing density.

Abstract: Method and continuous casting line for the continuous casting advantageously, but not only, of long products such as billets or blooms, whereby the solidification of the cast product (16) is completed at a position downstream of the outlet of the mould (13) and whereby the cast product (16) leaving a continuous casting machine (11) curving at a speed of at least 4 mts/min.

Abstract: A toolhead assembly for a machine tool generally consisting of a housing supportable on the machine tool and having at least one elongated bore therein, a liner formed of a structural polymer material disposed in the bore, adhesively secured to the housing and having a cylindrical inner wall surface, a spindle shaft journal in the housing and disposed coaxially in the liner for axial displacement therein, the spindle shaft having a head section rigidly mounted on the spindle shaft and engagable in sliding relation to the liner inner wall to provide fluid chambers on either side thereof, means for injecting fluid under pressure selectively into the chambers for axially displacing the spindle shaft, means for spinning the spindle shaft about its axis and means for securing a tool bit to the spindle shaft.

Abstract: Methods of manufacturing fully annealed metal anodes are disclosed. The methods contemplate supplying metal and heating the metal until it has obtained a molten state. The molten metal is permitted to flow into a die and transported therethrough where it is cooled until it solidifies. The flow rate of the metal through the die and the extent of cooling are selected such that a fully annealed metal anode is obtained.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of making coiled plate, sheet in coiled form or discrete plate is shown. The apparatus is an intermediate thickness slab caster and inline hot strip and plate line. The apparatus includes a continuous strip caster forming an intermediate thickness strand; a torch or shear cutoff for cutting the strand into a slab of desired length; a feed and run back table including a slab takeoff operable transverse of the table; a slab collection and storage area adapted to receive slabs from the slab takeoff; a reheat furnace receiving slabs from both the slab takeoff and the slab collection and storage area, with the exit of the reheat furnace at the feed and run back table; a single or twin stand hot reversing mill for reducing the slab to a thickness of 1 inch or less in no more than three flat passes; a pair of coiler furnaces located on opposite sides of the hot reversing mill; and a final processing line downstream of the pair of coiler furnaces.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of making coiled plate, sheet in coiled form or discrete plate. The apparatus is a slab caster and inline surface conditioner, hot strip and plate line. The apparatus includes a continuous strip caster forming a strand; a cutoff for cutting the strand into a slab of desired length; a slab conveyor table; a slab conditioning device inline with the slab conveyor table adapted to selectively receive slabs therefrom; a reheat furnace having an entry inline with the slab conveyor table; a feed and run back table at the exit of the reheat furnace; a single or twin stand hot reversing mill for reducing the slab to a coiling thickness; and a pair of coiler furnaces located on opposite sides of the hot reversing mill.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of making coiled plate, sheet in coiled form or discrete plate. The apparatus includes a continuous strip caster forming a strand of intermediate thickness; a shear for cutting the strand into a slab of desired length; a slab table including a slab takeoff operable transverse of the conveyor table; a slab collection and storage area adjacent to the slab conveyor table adapted to receive slabs from the slab takeoff; one or two reheat furnaces having an entry inline with both the slab conveyor table and the slab collection and storage area for receiving slabs from either; a feed and run back table at the exit of one reheat furnace; a single or twin stand hot reversing mill for reducing the slab to a coiling thickness in a number of flat passes; and a pair of coiler furnaces located on opposite sides of the hot reversing mill.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of making coiled plate, sheet in coiled form or discrete plate. The apparatus is an intermediate thickness slab caster and inline hot strip and plate line. The apparatus includes a continuous strip caster selectively forming a single or a pair of parallel strands of between 3.5 inches (8.9 cm) and 5.5 inches (14 cm) thick, preferably 5 inches (12.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of making coiled plate, sheet in coiled form or discrete plate. The apparatus is an intermediate thickness slab caster and inline hot strip and plate line. The apparatus includes a continuous strip caster forming a strand of between about 3.5 and 5.5 inches thick; a shear for cutting the strand into a slab of desired length; a slab table including a slab takeoff operable transverse of the conveyor table; a slab collection and storage area adjacent to the slab conveyor table adapted to receive slab from the slab takeoff; a reheat furnace having an entry inline with both the slab conveyor table and the slab collection and storage area for receiving slabs from either; a feed and run back table at the exit of the reheat furnace; a hot reversing mill for reducing the slab to a thickness sufficient for coiling in a minimum number of flat passes; a pair of coiler furnaces located on opposite sides of the hot reversing mill; and a finishing line downstream of the pair of coiler furnaces.

Abstract: A process for obtaining steel strip coils with characteristics of a cold-rolled product, directly in a hot-rolling line, comprises subsequently to steps of casting and thickness reduction at a temperature of more than 1100.degree. C. upon solidification, induction heating of the product and a further step of hot rolling, above point Ar.sub.3, a step of cooling and temperature control in a range of between 600.degree. and 250.degree. C., thus lower than said point Ar.sub.3, as well as one or more passes of cold-rolling in series, with final coiling of the obtained product. Also a preferred plant is described for putting into practice such a process.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of making coiled plate, sheet in coiled form or discrete plate. The apparatus is an intermediate thickness slab caster and inline hot strip and plate line. The apparatus includes a continuous strip caster forming a strand of between 3.5 and 5.5 inches thick; a shear for cutting the strand into a slab of desired length; a slab table including a slab takeoff operable transverse of the conveyor table; a slab collection and storage area adjacent to the slab conveyor table adapted to receive slab from the slab takeoff; a reheat furnace having an entry inline with both the slab conveyor table and the slab collection and storage area for receiving slabs from either; a feed and run back table at the exit of the reheat furnace; a hot reversing mill for reducing the slab to a thickness of 1 inch or less in no more than three flat passes; a pair of coiler furnaces located on opposite sides of the hot reversing mill; and a finishing line downstream of the pair of coiler furnaces.

Abstract: A process for producing multipiece complementary tooling castings is disclosed in which hollow internal surfaces are cast in a mold having a soft, low strength sand core piece to define such hollow portions and external surfaces are cast against hard, resin-bonded sand mold surfaces. The castings are removed from their respective molds while still warm and nested and pressed together to bring their working surfaces into conformance with each other. The result of this practice is a set of tool pieces that require little machining and display high accuracy in their as-cast condition.

Abstract: To simplify the manufacture of a cylinder head having at least one port liner surrounding a compression change passage, the port liner, a valve seat ring and a lift valve guide are welded together to make a unitary gas-passage-forming member and the cylinder head is cast around the gas-passage-forming member.

Abstract: A fluid shear coupling apparatus is disclosed herein which includes a driving member comprising a rotor mounted to a shaft and defining several annular ridges and grooves. The apparatus further includes a driven member including a bearing housing mounted to the shaft, a cover secured about a perimetric flange with the bearing housing, and a plate secured to the cover and defining several annualr ridges and grooves positioned complementary with the ridges and grooves of the rotor. In the preferred embodiment, the plate, cover, bearing housing and rotor are as-formed structures.

Abstract: A structural mounting for a heavy machinery with rotating parts being supported between a foundation surface and the heavy machinery is disclosed which includes an impermeable foundation surface supporting spaced apart columns of epoxy or similar grouting material with epoxy or similar grouting material chocks extending from the plurality of columns to the support frame of the heavy machinery or engine which provide a non-adherent support between the columns and the engine mounting frame. The columns surround but do not adhere to anchor bolts secured in the foundation. The epoxy chocks likewise do not adhere to the anchor bolts. The anchor bolts are protected with a shroud or wrapping of suitable material whereby post tensioning of the anchor bolts will not cause the columns or chocks to crack or fracture. Leveling screws threadedly engaged through the mounting flange of the machine may or may not extend through the chocks and seat upon leveling plates. The columns and chocks are formed in situ.

Abstract: A prefinished window unit is provided of the type having a sash member with central glazing area, wherein one side of the sash member is designated as the exterior face and the opposite side is designated as the interior face, the central glazing area is bounded by in inner perimetric face, and the sash member is bounded by an outer perimetric face. Each rail of the sash member is formed as a completely prefinished, molded component, requiring no further processing except assembly. The sash members each are integral components having a cellulosic core; an outer coating of synthetic plastic material substantially covering the core from external exposure; and a metal cladding substantially entirely covering the exterior face of the sash member to protect the synthetic coating from ultraviolet degradation. The sash member include slots that receive the glazing strip and weather strip, the slots being defined at least partially by a channel-shaped contour of the metal cladding.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for making engine cylinders comprising the steps of punching cylindrical tubes with openings from the inside to the outside and then surrounding the thus formed tubes with a different body of material. In accordance with the method, the punching apparatus includes a mandrel that slidably supports the dies and a backup die that includes a slug ejecting punch which serves the dual function of ejecting the slugs from the backup die and also retracting the punches. In one embodiment of the invention, the port openings are formed smaller than the final configuration and the surrounding material is cast in place and extends into the liner opening for interlocking the surrounding material to the liner.

Abstract: Prefabricated insulated pipeline section having a one-piece cast cured and dried insulative liner formed of lightweight aggregate in a foamed portland cement paste binder bonded to the inner surface of a tubular outer casing. The liner composition may be cast in place between the liner and the pipe, and wet cured at elevated temperature. Bonding between the pipe and the liner composition is avoided by employing a cement cure retarder on the outer surface of the pipe or by mechanically debonding the pipe from the liner during curing. After curing, the pipe is withdrawn to expose the inner surface of the liner to permit rapid drying at elevated temperature. The prefabricated insulated sections permit simplified pipeline construction at reduced cost as compared with traditional methods of applying half shells of insulation to the pipeline on site.

Abstract: A heat-insulated port liner arrangement for a device composed of a cast metal which is molded around the arrangement and includes a tubular port liner composed of a material including a ceramic, a first covering layer disposed on the outer surface of the liner and composed of a material including refractory fibers, and a second covering layer disposed on the outer surface of the first covering layer and composed of a material including a metal having a melting point not lower than the melting point of the cast metal.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved method of making nozzles for injection molding. The nozzles are heated by an electrical heating element which is cast in a copper portion between inner and outer stainless steel portions. The method includes making a main rear portion and a steel nose cap portion separately, brazing them together in a vacuum furnace to form an integral unit, and then finishing it by drilling and machining to provide it with a central bore and a particular gating configuration. This method has the advantage that a single inventory of unfinished nozzles can be maintained, from which a requirement for one of several gating configurations can be quickly supplied by finishing the nozzles according to that configuration.

Abstract: A piston is formed in two parts. The main part is formed by gravity die casting from aluminum or aluminum alloy and a second part of the piston is formed by a squeeze casting process to produce a material which is stronger and more resistant than the gravity die cast aluminum or aluminum alloy. At least one piston ring groove is formed in the second part. The two parts are then electron beam welded together to form the complete piston. The squeeze cast portion may be reinforced with whiskers or fibres to further improve its properties. This method of construction has the benefit that only the minimum amount of the piston is formed by the more expensive and time-consuming squeeze casting process so that parts of the piston which do not require the improved properties given by squeeze casting are simply gravity die cast. This is of particular benefit in large diesel pistons.

Abstract: A ceramic to metal joint particularly advantageous in a recuperator tube assembly, includes a ceramic tube and a spaced, circumferentially disposed metal sleeve. A bonding material is cast between the ceramic and metal members. A seal member has sufficient ductility within a predetermined thermal operating range to plastically deform and yet maintain an effective fluid seal between the ceramic and metal members. The present invention is particularly useful in the construction of a modular heat exchanger unit. Both individual tube assemblies and module units can be individually removed for cleaning, inspection, or replacement.

Abstract: A two cycle internal combustion engine may be fabricated by employing an improved method for forming a composite cylinder block. The cylinder block includes liners which are cut from sections of cylindrical pipe and which are positioned in a cylinder block either by an insertion or casting step, the cylinder block is composed of a different material. Prior to the insertion, the port openings are formed by punching.

Abstract: A cylinder unit of a cylinder-piston-combustion engine comprises a cylinder housing and a lining unit inserted into the cylinder housing. The lining unit consists of a cylindrical liner sleeve and a terminal wall and encloses a combustion space. The terminal wall is integral with the liner sleeve. The lining unit is manufactured by a non-cutting manufacturing method like cold impact forming, hot impact forming, deep drawing, tube reshaping, press molding or injection molding.

Abstract: A method for producing a cylinder head having a tubular exhaust port liner made of a ceramic material is disclosed. The method comprises providing a covering layer of refractory fibers around the outer circumference of the exhaust port liner, applying a metal cap over each end of the covered exhaust port liner and setting the covered exhaust port liner into a mold. A cylinder head then is cast around the exhaust port liner so that the portions of the metal caps contacting the cylinder head are fused to the cylinder head. The metal caps are bored out to open up the exhaust port after predetermined treatments are performed on the cylinder head.

Abstract: The reinforcement of the crown of a piston of aluminum or aluminum alloy for an internal combustion engine comprises the preparation of a reinforcement member (10, 13) which is provided with apertures (11, 14), or reentrants. The reinforcement member is placed in a crown-forming part (18) of a piston die in a squeeze casting apparatus and the piston is squeeze cast. The molten metal penetrates the apertures, or enters the reentrants, and these are so shaped that when the molten metal has solidified, keys are formed which connect securely the reinforcement member to the aluminum or aluminum alloy. Further reinforcement members can then be readily brazed or welded to the first reinforcement member.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a process for the fabrication of low cost dual property turbine rotors having blades that are diffusion bonded to a blade ring that is simultaneously diffusion bonded to a central hub.

Abstract: A rotor for a rotary compressor having a metal central portion integral with two opposite end portions that are fiber-reinforced metal matrix composites having a matrix metal common to the central portion. Such rotors may be made by pressing inorganic fibers to form the end portions of the rotor, arranging the end portions in an opposing relationship in a mold to form the central portion between the end portions. Molten metal is placed into the mold such that it infiltrates the porous end portions while forming the central portion. Solidification of the metal forms fiber-reinforced metal-matrix composite end portions integral with the central portion.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a nozzle for a combustor in, for example, a hydrogen producing plant. A mold is prepared from a material forming a nozzle body, and an alloy forming a covering layer is cast into the mold. The resulting combination of the material and the alloy is machined into a predetermined nozzle shape in which the covering layer covers the nose of the nozzle body.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a piston for internal combustion engines which utilize a core molding or casting system for forming a hollow chamber for the passage of cooling oil therethrough. The manufacturing method includes the steps of preparing a core so as to have at least a first and second foot portion extending therefrom; inserting a bar member made of magnetic materials within each of the first and second foot portions; positioning at least one permanent magnet on a core box; and fixing the core to the core box via the bar members due to the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a turbine rotor and method of manufacture thereof. A plurality of blades having dovetails at the radially inner ends thereof are arranged in a circumferentially spaced circular array. A metallic hub is cast about the dovetails of said blades which are metallurgically bonded by the operation. Alternatively, the blades may be joined to the hub thereafter by an electron beam weld that extends axially to the rotor.

Abstract: A process for the production of a fine amorphous metallic wire is described, comprising melt-spinning an iron family element base alloy having an amorphous substance-forming ability to obtain a fine amorphous metallic wire, and passing the thus-formed fine amorphous metallic wire through a die so as to draw within an area reduction percentage range of from about 5 to about 90%. The thus-produced fine amorphous metallic wire of the iron family element base system is excellent in heat resistance, corrosion resistance, electromagnetic characteristics, and has excellent mechanical properties, such as breaking strength and a degree of drawing at break. Thus, it is very useful for various industrial materials such as electric and electronic parts, composite materials, and fibrous materials.

Abstract: Techniques for forming one piece connecting rods for coupling a piston and crankshaft to convert between reciprocating and rotary motion as might be used in an internal combustion engine or piston-type compressor are disclosed wherein the connecting rod is formed of a lightweight material such as aluminum, which material is of an inadequate hardness to form a roller bearing race. The rod includes an elongated arm portion having enlarged annular portions at opposite ends thereof and with one of those annular portions having an inner surface for receiving, in a press fit manner, a hardened steel liner to provide an outer bearing race. Rollers are then interposed between this outer race and an eccentric portion of a crankshaft while the other enlarged annular portion receives a roller bearing assembly for connection to a piston wrist pin.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a process for the fabrication of low cost dual property turbine rotors having blades that are mechanically retained and a blade ring that is permanently bonded to a central hub.

Abstract: A method is described for producing castings and removing burrs produced during the casting at the parting line of the casting mold and in regions where cores are supported in core-supporting holes formed in the mold. The casting mold is so shaped that a well-defined burr, which includes a substantially uninterrupted flange projecting from the casting, is formed in the region of the casting which solidifies opposite the mold parting line. The mold may also be so shaped that a further well-defined burr, which includes a further substantially uninterrupted flange projecting from the casting, is formed in the region of the casting which solidifies where a core of the casting mold enters a core-supporting hole. After removal of the casting from the mold, the or each flange is removed by a mechanical cutting tool or by gas cutting, preferably by employing an industrial robot to effect relative movement between the flange and the flange-removing means.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method of manufacturing a gas turbine rotor or stator using elastomeric rings for the retention of the rotor or stator blades in a core mold. The elastomeric rings are split to facilitate disassembly thereof from the blade core which is thereafter utilized in a cope and drag casting system.

Abstract: The process of making an ingot for use as a feed stock for a coating process in which the ingot is vaporized to produce the coating material; the ingot being made by forming a billet of the alloy minus the reactive element with a rod of the reactive element of the alloy extending centrally through the billet and then shaping the billet to ingot size, the cross-sectional area of the rod having the same relation of the remainder of the area of the billet as the percentage of the reactive element in the alloy.

Abstract: A method for treating investment cast superalloy castings wherein the portions of the castings which solidify directly against the mold walls comprise a substantially continuous or encapsulating skin of a metallic and/or nonmetallic composition. In such castings, defects in the form of material voids, including defects present immediately beneath the skin, are eliminated by the application of heat and pressure. The castings are heated to temperatures sufficient to achieve metal movement in the form of yield or creep, and a pressure of at least about 10,000 psi is applied by means of a surrounding gaseous atmosphere. The heat and pressure application deforms the material in the area of the voids and consolidates this material to substantially remove the voids and to thereby improve the performance characteristics of the castings.