Abstract: An example embodiment of a backlit lamp comprises a housing, a forward facing directional light source and a rear facing directional light source. The housing may comprise a bowl portion comprising a first joining end and a forward emitting end; and a neck portion comprising a second joining end. The bowl and neck portions are joined at the first and second joining ends. The forward facing directional light source is mounted within the housing and configured to emit light in the direction of the forward emitting end. The rear facing directional light source is mounted within the housing and configured to emit light in an opposite direction from the light emitted by the forward facing directional light source. In an example embodiment, the forward facing and rear facing directional light source comprise light emitting diodes (LEDs).

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a display apparatus, including, a panel having a plurality of pixels disposed in a matrix and each including a self-luminous element for emitting light, the panel including first to third conductive layers laminated in order on a supporting substrate, a first contact portion between the first and second conductive layers and a second contact portion between the second and third conductive layers being disposed at the same position in a planar direction.

Abstract: The object of the present disclosure is to provide a light-emitting diode (LED) lighting device capable of suppressing temperature rise in an LED chip and a driver integrated circuit. An LED lighting device includes: a substrate including a base material having a main surface, and wiring patterns configured on the main surface; an LED chip, disposed on the main surface; multiple connection terminals, arranged in an x-direction, respectively connected to the wiring patterns; and a driver integrated circuit, disposed on the main surface, driving the LED chip. The driver integrated circuit is configured in a y-direction on one side opposite to the connection terminals with respect to the LED chip.

Abstract: A vehicular headlight which, by using a fan, can efficiently cool a light source through a heat sink and also efficiently cool a light source drive circuit. The vehicular headlight includes a lamp housing, a lamp lens, a lamp unit, a fan, and a light source drive circuit. The lamp unit includes a light source, a heat sink, and a light control member. An outlet side of the fan faces the heat sink, and an intake side of the fan faces the light source drive circuit. The vehicular headlight can efficiently cool the light source through the heat sink and also efficiently cool the light source drive circuit.

Abstract: An easy-to-assemble integrated LED bulb lamp includes a lampshade, a bulb base, a lamp cap, an LED module, a driver IC, a resistor, a lampshade and a lamp cap that form a sealed cavity. The bulb base is installed to an opening of the lampshade to divide the sealed cavity into an upper compartment and a lower compartment; the LED module is installed in the upper compartment; and the LED module is partially inserted into the bulb base and connected to the driver IC in the bulb base. Since the driver IC and the LED module can be integrally fixed during the injection molding of the bulb base, therefore the actual assembling process only requires the step of soldering the solder point of the resistor, and the assembling process can be simplified significantly to increase productivity.

Abstract: The present invention belongs to the technical field of lighting devices, in particular to an LED filament lamp. The LED filament lamp comprises a transparent hood with an opening at the lower end, and a lamp cap connected to the transparent hood, and a light emitting source is arranged in the transparent hood. The LED filament lamp also comprises a support base; the support base is arranged in a space enclosed by the transparent hood and the lamp cap; the light emitting source is fixed on the support base, and the lower end of the light emitting source is connected with the lamp cap through a current limiting resistor.

Abstract: In an active-matrix display device, each of the plurality of pixels includes a holding capacitor that includes: a gate electrode that is included in a first wiring layer and is connected to a gate of a drive transistor which drives a light-emitting element; a first source electrode that is included in a lower wiring layer disposed lower than the first wiring layer and is connected to a source of the drive transistor; and a second source electrode that is included in an upper wiring layer disposed higher than the first wiring layer and is connected to a source of the drive transistor. At least one of the first source electrode and the second source electrode protrudes toward the data line from the facing region and overlaps the gate electrode in the facing region in the plan view of the pixel matrix.

Abstract: A LED filament comprises a frame, a metal electrode, a fasten member, a second fasten member, at least one LED chip. The frame is a bottomless frame and the metal electrode is disposed on one side of the frame. The first fasten member is formed on the frame and the second fasten member formed on the metal electrode. The metal electrode having the second fasten member is placed on the first fasten member of the frame, thereby fastening the metal electrode on the frame; wherein one of the first fasten member and the second fasten member is a protrusion while the other one is a hole. The at least one LED chip disposed inside the frame and electrically connecting to the metal electrode.

Abstract: This application is directed to a camera that includes a housing, a lens assembly and a plurality of electronic components. The lens assembly is arranged at a front portion of the housing and configured for focusing light received from outside of the camera. The plurality of electronic components is arranged at the front portion of the housing, and further includes an image sensor coupled to receive light through the lens assembly, a memory for storing information, a processor for processing information from the image sensor, and a wireless communication module for wirelessly communicating with an electronic device. The camera further includes a heat dissipation element arranged at a rear portion of the housing and located between the plurality of electronic components and a rear surface of the housing. The heat dissipation element is configured to transfer heat from the plurality of electronic components to the rear portion of the housing.

Abstract: A LED filament includes a frame; two metal electrodes, respectively disposed on two sides of the frame; a LED chip assembly, comprising a plurality of LED chips disposed inside the frame and electrically connecting to the two metal electrodes respectively; and a gel comprising phosphor, wrapping the LED chip assembly and parts of the metal electrodes inside the frame.

Abstract: A light-emitting device that can switch between two modes: single light emission and intermittent light emission is provided. The light-emitting device includes a driver circuit that can supply a control pulse signal, a constant current power supply that is supplied with the control pulse signal and can supply a constant current pulse, and a light-emitting panel that is supplied with the constant current pulse. The driver circuit includes a start switch circuit that can supply a start signal, a pulse-interval modulation circuit that can supply a pulse-interval modulation signal, and a microcomputer that is supplied with the start signal and the pulse-interval modulation signal and can supply the control pulse signal.

Abstract: An elongate tubular lighting assembly having a body with a length between spaced first and second ends. The tubular lighting assembly has a source of illumination and first and second connectors respectively at the first and second body ends. The first connector has cooperating first and second parts having first and second surfaces. The first and second connector parts are configured so that the first and second surfaces are placed in confronting relationship to prevent separation of the first and second connector parts with the body in an operative state as an incident of the first connector part moving relative to the second connector part from a position fully separated from the second connector part in a substantially straight path that is transverse to the length of the body into an engaged position.

Abstract: A lighting device may include a base, a housing, a driver circuit, an optic, a thermally-conductive fluid, a LED filament structure, and a fluid flow generator. The base may have an electrical contact. The housing may be attached to the base at a first end and have an internal cavity. The driver circuit may be positioned within the internal cavity and may be in electrical communication with the electrical contact. The optic may be attached to a second end of the housing and have an inner surface which may define an optical chamber. The thermally-conductive fluid may be positioned within the optical chamber. The LED filament structure may be positioned within the optical chamber and may be in electrical communication with the driver circuit. The fluid flow generator may be positioned in fluid communication with the optical chamber and may be in electrical communication with the driver circuit.

Abstract: Logic devices are provided in multiple sub-collector and sub-emitter microplasma devices formed in thin and flexible, or inflexible, semiconductor materials. Logic operations are provided with one of a plurality of microplasmas forming sub-collectors with a common emitter, or a common collector plasma with a plurality of sub-emitter regions in a solid state semi-conductor pn-junction, and generating a logic output from an electrode, based upon electrode inputs to two other electrodes.

Abstract: Disclosed is a light bulb which utilizes LEDs which replaces an incandescent light bulb in a fixture for incandescent light bulbs. The LED light bulb includes a multi-faceted head on which multiple LEDs are placed, with the multi-faceted head being in contact with heat dissipation structures. The heat dissipation structures include a heat transfer column which extends from the LEDs to the base of the bulb. A removable cover is enclosed which has openings for air circulation within the globe of the light bulb.

Abstract: An apparatus for generating ultraviolet light and irradiating a 450 mm diameter semi-conductor wafer. The apparatus includes a plenum and an array of nine RF irradiator units coupled with the plenum. Each irradiator unit includes a plasma lamp bulb and an RF generator operable to generate a radiation energy field to excite the plasma lamp bulb and emit the ultraviolet light. The nine irradiator units are arranged in three rows with three of the irradiator units in each row.

Abstract: The multi-tubular LED light bulb has a seat having a power plug, multiple glass tubes mounted on the seat, multiple multi-directional lighting LED strips respectively mounted inside the glass tubes and an AC to DC converting circuit board mounted inside the seat and connected to the power plug to obtain AC power and converting the AC power to DC power. The multi-directional lighting LED strips are electronically connected to the DC power source from the AC to DC converting circuit in parallel. Since the LED light bulb has multiple multi-directional lighting LED strips, different directional sightings and even brightness are provided. Further, heat from the LED strip is easily and quickly transmitted to the sidewall of the glass tube to extend the lifetime of the LED light bulb, since the multi-directional lighting LED strips are close to a sidewall of the corresponding glass tube.

Abstract: A lamp including a two-sided source plate, a plurality of light sources, a lens, a diffuser plate, and a driver insulator is disclosed. One set of the light sources generates white light and is attached to one side of the source plate. Another set of the light sources generates colored light and is attached to the source plate's other side. The lens encapsulates the white light-generating set, and redirects that white light. The driver insulator and the diffuser plate are each in contact with the source plate's other side. The driver insulator, diffuser plate, and that side of the source plate define a light box region that contains the colored light-generating set of light sources. The driver insulator acts as a reflector, and the diffuser plate acts as a diffuser, such that colored light is dispersed from the light box region through the diffuser plate.

Abstract: A device for generating microwaves has a plurality of separately controlled microwave generators. Each of the generators includes a resonator, each with a capacitor structure formed with two electrodes that are separated by a spark gap. A high voltage supply charges the individual capacitor structures, which can be discharged by a breakdown of the spark gap. The individual capacitor structures are charged up by way of the high voltage supply device to a voltage that lies below the breakdown voltage of the individual spark gaps. A triggering device for triggering a breakdown of the respective spark gap is associated with each spark gap and the triggering devices are individually controlled by a common control device.

Abstract: A system and method of controlling self powered decorative devices using EMF emanating from, for example, a light string on a Christmas tree. The decorative devices sense the presence of EFM from the light string and actuate in response thereto and turn off when the field disappears, thereby saving energy. In an alternate embodiment, the EMF source is capable of modulation and the slave decorations are coded and tuned to specific EMF characteristics, such as frequency. The master EMF source transmits the EMF of different characteristic thereby causing the coded slave decorations to operate in a synchronized matter. The system may also be responsive to music or other inputs to create special decorative effects.

Abstract: A driving method of a display device having a driving transistor and a display element, one source/drain region of the driving transistor connected to a power supply part, the other source/drain region connected to an anode electrode provided in the display element, the method includes the steps of: setting a potential of the anode electrode by applying a predetermined intermediate voltage to the anode electrode so that a potential difference between the anode electrode of the display element and a cathode electrode at the other end of the display element does not exceed a threshold voltage of the display element; and then holding the driving transistor in OFF-state while a drive voltage is applied from the power supply part to one source/drain region of the driving transistor.

Abstract: A LED light source comprises: a first rectifier with a first and a second input terminal for connection to an AC supply voltage source and a first and a second output terminal connected by a first LED-string, a second rectifier having a first and a second input terminal and output terminals, said first input terminal of said second rectifier being coupled to the first input terminal of the first rectifier and the second input terminal of the second rectifier being coupled to the second input terminal of the first rectifier, and the output terminals being connected by a second LED-string, and means for causing a phase shift between the voltages that are present during operation at the output terminals of the first rectifier and the output terminals of the second rectifier respectively. The LED strings are driven by very simple circuitry that can be supplied by mains supply voltage. Due to the phase shift stroboscopic effects are suppressed.

Abstract: An apparatus and system for incorporating an unshielded antenna into an LED fixture are provided, such that the LED fixture can be individually controlled through RF signals, such as those propagated by a home automation system or other RF-based lighting control systems. An LED fixture is provided that includes an antenna that is coupled to an electronic control board of the LED fixture and extends to a region external to the heat sink of the LED fixture. By extending the antenna in this manner, RF signals can be received and transmitted by the control board of the LED fixture with significantly reduced attenuation. In one embodiment, the antenna is routed from the control board to an optical assembly support frame for the LED fixture. The optical assembly support frame can either provide a structure along which to guide the antenna or can comprise the antenna itself.

Abstract: A light emitting diode (LED) light engine is provided for use in a light fixture to enable improved and efficient dissipation of heat generated in the light fixture. The light engine includes a circuit board that includes multiple LEDs for emitting light. The light engine includes a chassis that has a plurality of upper fins that extend upward from a central flanged portion to dissipate heat generated by the LEDs into the lighting fixture. The circuit board is mounted to a mounting surface on the chassis that is surrounded by a fin wall that depends from the central flanged portion. The chassis also has a plurality of lower fins that extend outward from an outer surface of the fin wall to dissipate heat out of the fixture and into the ambient air environment.

Abstract: Apparatus and method are provided for reducing acoustical noise when cooling a device, such as a lamp system. The apparatus includes at least a set of a first synthetic jet and a second synthetic jet. The first and second synthetic jets are responsive to respective actuating signals having a phase difference (e.g., 180°) between one another chosen to reduce acoustic noise produced by the first and second synthetic jets when cooling the device.

Abstract: LED lighting systems and methods of manufacture, which include one or more of the following: (1) a solid state active heat sink for cooling one or more LED chips; (2) a front end power supply providing high voltage to the active heat sink component; (3) a front end power supply that provides a relatively low voltage load to a plurality of LED chips; (4) a front end hybrid power supply with both a high and low voltage output, wherein the high voltage is at least 2kV higher than the low voltage output; (5) an over-mold encapsulating the front end components, wherein the over-mold is provided by a reaction injection molding process; (6) a digital micro-minor device (DMD) for providing pixilated light, color mixing, and intensity control; and (7) an optic having quantum dots (QDs), wherein the light output of the DMD activates for the QDs.

Abstract: The present invention provides an energy efficient replacement for a standard incandescent lamp using LED devices which direct their light output into a light transmissive medium which is also capable of radiating the transmitted light outwardly in a plurality of directions. More particularly, the present invention provides an incandescent lamp replacement which is virtually identical in external form factor to the standard incandescent lamp.

Abstract: An LED lamp that can take the place of incandescent lamps. An elevated light source is positioned above a screw-type base. A first plurality of LEDs is connected in a series on one side of a flat substrate and a second plurality of LEDs, equal in number to the first, is connected in series on an opposite side of the substrate. Each LED of the first and second plurality of LEDs is mounted proximate a heat sink and a drive circuit is provided for the LEDs, with the drive circuit being located proximate and electrically connected to the screw base.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates generally to a light emitting diode (LED) luminaire. In one embodiment, the LED luminaire includes a base, a heat sink coupled to the base, a power supply coupled to an interior volume of the heat sink, one or more LEDs coupled to the power supply, wherein the one or more LEDs are coupled to a circuit configured to provide a constant input impedance and a lens coupled to the heat sink and enclosing the one or more LEDs.

Abstract: A lamp including a two-sided source plate, a plurality of light sources, a lens, a diffuser plate, and a driver insulator is disclosed. One set of the light sources generates white light and is attached to one side of the source plate. Another set of the light sources generates colored light and is attached to the source plate's other side. The lens encapsulates the white light-generating set, and redirects that white light. The driver insulator and the diffuser plate are each in contact with the source plate's other side. The driver insulator, diffuser plate, and that side of the source plate define a light box region that contains the colored light-generating set of light sources. The driver insulator acts as a reflector, and the diffuser plate acts as a diffuser, such that colored light is dispersed from the light box region through the diffuser plate.

Abstract: A LED light bulb includes a bulb casing, a control circuit, a light reflective heat sink, a supporting member and a plurality of LEDs. The supporting member is mounted in a receiving cavity of the bulb casing at a position having physical contact with the light reflective heat sink. The LEDs are spacedly provided on the supporting member to form a LED matrix thereon, wherein when the LEDs are activated to generate light, the light generated by the LEDs is arranged to be reflected by the supporting member and the light reflective heat sink to form high intensity illumination of the LED light bulb, while heat generated by the LEDs are effectively transferred and dissipated by the light reflective heat sink through the supporting member so as to prevent overheating in the receiving cavity.

Abstract: The LED lamp tube includes a tube, an LED module, a power supply and a terminal connector. The LED module is accommodated in the tube. The power supply is electrically connected to the LED module and includes a first heating element at one side of the LED module. The terminal connector is electrically connected to the power supply and mechanically connected at one end of the tube.

Abstract: An energy-saving lamp with a high-power double spiral energy-saving light tube. The double spiral energy-saving light tube includes two single spiral light tubes having complementary structure. One spiral light tube rotates into the other in the same direction, they geometrically fit into one another, and they complement one another. The two light tubes work independently. Reliability is improved. Short glass tubes can be used for producing the two single spiral light tubes, and the production process is simple and suitable for mass production. The luminous efficiency of the energy-saving lamp of the invention exceeds 80 lm/W. A single spiral light tube of between 14 and 22 mm in diameter corresponds to the power of the lamp of between 100 and 250 W.

Abstract: This invention provides a vapor-tight luminaire that maintains a moisture-proof, sealed lower housing for the light-producing lamps (fluorescent lights, LED arrays, etc.) while isolating the electronic components in a separate, upper housing that is spaced apart from, and largely thermally isolated from, the lamps. The lamp housing comprises a unitary non-penetrated tubular lens with one or more removable end caps, sealed by gaskets. The lamp assembly is slidably mounted within the lower housing so that it is readily removable and replaceable with another assembly of the same or different type. The electronics in the upper housing is readily accessible and replaceable by removing a top cover that encloses a three sided channel member. The upper housing is metal and desirably enhances heat exchange with the environment. The two housings are held together by a pair of opposing end cap structures that include a housing end and a removable end cap.

Abstract: A light-emitting diode lamp includes a light engine, a power assembly, and a heatsink. The light engine includes a plurality of light-emitting diodes, and the power assembly includes a socket disposed at one end of the power assembly and a heat spreader plate disposed at another end of the power assembly opposite the socket. The light engine is mounted to the heat spreader plate. The power assembly further includes a power supply circuit that is electrically coupled to the socket and to the light engine. The socket is configured to electrically couple the power supply circuit to an external electrical source. The heatsink encircles the power assembly and is thermally connected to the light engine. The heatsink also includes a plurality of perforations, which are arranged to facilitate a natural convection airflow over and through the heatsink.

Abstract: The multi-tubular LED light bulb has a seat having a power plug, multiple glass tubes mounted on the seat, multiple multi-directional lighting LED strips respectively mounted inside the glass tubes and an AC to DC converting circuit board mounted inside the seat and connected to the power plug to obtain AC power and converting the AC power to DC power. The multi-directional lighting LED strips are electronically connected to the DC power source from the AC to DC converting circuit in parallel. Since the LED light bulb has multiple multi-directional lighting LED strips, different directional lightings and even brightness are provided. Further, heat from the LED strip is easily and quickly transmitted to the sidewall of the glass tube to expend the lifetime of the LED light bulb since the multi-directional lighting LED strips are close to a sidewall of the corresponding glass tube.

Abstract: LED lighting systems and methods of manufacture, which include one or more of the following: (1) a solid state active heat sink for cooling one or more LED chips; (2) a front end power supply providing high voltage to the active heat sink component; (3) a front end power supply that provides a relatively low voltage load to a plurality of LED chips; (4) a front end hybrid power supply with both a high and low voltage output, wherein the high voltage is at least 2 kV higher than the low voltage output; (5) an over-mold encapsulating the front end components, wherein the over-mold is provided by a reaction injection molding process; (6) a digital micro-minor device (DMD) for providing pixilated light, color mixing, and intensity control; and (7) an optic having quantum dots (QDs), wherein the light output of the DMD activates for the QDs.

Abstract: According to embodiments of the present invention, an LED assembly includes a case that encapsulates a post, an anvil and an integrated circuit. The integrated circuit includes positive and negative power supply inputs. The positive power supply input is electrically connected to the post, whereas the negative power supply input is electrically connected to the anvil. The integrated circuit also includes an oscillator input, and an oscillator output. According to these embodiments, an anode lead connected to the post; and a cathode lead is connected to the anvil. Furthermore, an oscillator input lead is connected to the oscillator input and an oscillator output lead is connected to the oscillator output.

Abstract: An external electrical-control lamp with improved structure includes a light-emitting diode lamp (1), an external power box (2), and a dimmer (4). The light-emitting diode lamp (1) has a circuit board (11), at least one light-emitting diode (12), a thermal module (13), and a rectifying circuit (14). The light-emitting diode (12) is installed on the circuit board (11), the thermal module (13) provides a heat-dissipating function to the light-emitting diode (12), and the rectifying circuit (14) provides a rectified power to the light-emitting diode (12). When a utility power (3) is supplied to the dimmer (4) and the external power box (2), a variable resistor of the dimmer (4) is adjusted and the utility power (3) is controlled by the external power box (2), thus adjusting the brightness of the light-emitting diode (12).

Abstract: The present invention provides an energy efficient replacement for a standard incandescent lamp using LED devices which direct their light output into a light transmissive medium which is also capable of radiating the transmitted light outwardly in a plurality of directions. More particularly, the present invention provides an incandescent lamp replacement which is virtually identical in external form factor to the standard incandescent lamp.

Abstract: An LED illuminating device includes a housing including a first open end and a second open end, and a base including an upper base fixed on the first open end and a bottom base held inside the housing. An LED substrate is mounted on the upper base and includes a number of LEDs. A number of first vents are defined in the upper base, and a number of second vents are defined on the second open end of the housing. A space is formed between the lateral wall of the bottom base and the inside wall of the housing, and communicates with the first vents and the second vents.

Abstract: An LED illuminating device includes a hollow base including a first end and a second end, an LED substrate, a connector, and a driving circuit module accommodated in the base. A plurality of vents are defined in a circumferential wall of the hollow base; a space is formed between a circumferential wall of the driving circuit module and the inner surface of the circumferential wall of the hollow base. The space can communicate with the plurality of vents and serve as a hot air channel, to promote heat exchange between hot air in the base and cool air outside the base.

Abstract: An LED lamp with a high color rendering index (CRI) is disclosed. Example embodiments of the invention provide an LED lamp with a relatively high color rendering index (CRI). In some embodiments, the lamp has other advantageous characteristics, such as good angular uniformity. In some embodiments, the LED lamp is sized and shaped as a replacement for a standard incandescent bulb, and includes an LED assembly with at least first and second LEDs operable to emit light of two different colors. In some embodiments, the lamp can emit light with a color rendering index (CRI) of at least 90 without remote wavelength conversion. In some embodiments, the LED lamp conforms some, most, or all of the product requirements for a 60-watt incandescent replacement for the L prize.

Abstract: An LED lighting device is used with a package body. The package body includes at least a connecting part. The LED lighting device includes a shell, an LED module and a controlling circuit board. The LED module is disposed within the shell. The controlling circuit board is disposed within the shell and electrically connected to the LED module. The controlling circuit board includes a connecting unit. The connecting part of the package body and the connecting unit are connected to provide electrical connection between the package body and the controlling circuit board.

Abstract: A linear LED lamp is disclosed. Embodiments of the invention can provide an LED-based replacement lamp for a linear or “tube-type” bulb or a bulb with a linear filament or element. By filling the void within the lamp with an optically transmissive fluid to cool the LEDs without the use of a traditional heat sink, the light blocking effects of such a heat sink can be avoided. Thus, the LED replacement lamp can emit light in a substantially omnidirectional pattern. In some embodiments, the optically transmissive fluid medium is a liquid. In some embodiments, the optically transmissive fluid medium is a gel. An index matching medium can be used as the optically transmissive fluid medium. A color mixing treatment can optionally be included to eliminate color tints in cases where multiple LEDs of different colors are used to produce white light.

Abstract: Higher power light emitting diode (LED) modules are thermally managed by thermal coupling to a heat sink. An ion wind fan can be used to provide forced convection for the heat sink. In such a light device, in one embodiment the present invention includes electrically connecting the heat sink to the low voltage terminal of the LED driver, thereby controlling the potential of the heat sink.

Abstract: Lighting systems having unique configurations are provided. For instance, the lighting system may include a light source, a thermal management system and driver electronics, each contained within a housing structure. The light source is configured to provide illumination visible through an opening in the housing structure. The thermal management system includes a plurality of synthetic jets. The synthetic jets are arranged within the lighting system such that they are secured at contact points.

Abstract: Lighting systems having a light source and a thermal management system are provided. The thermal management system includes synthetic jet devices, a heat sink and a heat distribution face plate. The synthetic jet devices are arranged in parallel to one and other and are configured to actively cool the lighting system. The heat distribution face plate is configured to radially transfer heat from the light source into the ambient air.

Abstract: A lighting device includes a base, a hollow body, a substrate board, and a cover. The base includes a control unit mounted thereto. The hollow body includes an inside wall and has an end coupled to the base. The substrate board has a surface to which at least one light emission element is mounted and has a circumference engaging and supported by the inside wall of the hollow body to ensure secure and fixed positioning. The cover is set on and covers an opposite end of the hollow body. Further, the substrate board can be of various shape or configuration to increase illumination angle of the light emitted from the light emission element and to expand heat dissipation area.

Abstract: An LED lamp includes at least one LED module, an electrical sleeve configured for electrically connecting with a bulb socket, a heat dissipation element, and an encapsulation covering the at least one LED module. The heat dissipation element is arranged with one end connected to the electrical sleeve and the opposite end exposed. The at least one LED module and the encapsulation encircle the heat dissipation element.