Abstract: Various embodiments disclose a method and a device including: an antenna, a switching regulator, communication chip including an amplifier and a linear regulator operably connected to the amplifier and the switching regulator, the communication chip configured to transmit a radio-frequency signal from the electronic device through the antenna, and control circuitry configured to control the communication chip such that the linear regulator provides the amplifier with a voltage corresponding to an envelope of an input signal input to the amplifier, the input signal corresponding to the radio-frequency signal.

Abstract: A capacitive-coupled chopper instrumentation amplifier includes a first chopper, a first gain stage, a capacitive isolation stage electrically coupled between inputs of the first gain stage and the first chopper, a second gain stage, a second chopper electrically coupled between outputs of the first gain stage and inputs of the second gain stage, clamping circuitry electrically coupled between the inputs of the first gain stage and a reference voltage rail, and a controller. The controller is configured to (a) detect a change in a first common-mode voltage exceeding a threshold value, the first common-mode voltage being a common-mode voltage at the inputs of the amplifier, and (b) in response to detecting the change in the first common-mode voltage exceeding the threshold value, cause the clamping circuitry to clamp the inputs of the first gain stage to the reference voltage rail.

Abstract: The present disclosure in some embodiments relates to a method of calibrating a power amplifier performance and an apparatus therefor, which provide an optimal calibration of the output characteristics of a power amplifier to all possible combinations in the input signal source by enabling individualized calibrations for changes in the output characteristics at room temperature and changing temperatures, thereby improving the performance of the power amplifier.

Abstract: In accordance with a first aspect of the present disclosure, a radio frequency identification (RFID) transponder is provided, comprising a modulator and a controller, wherein: the modulator is configured to generate a modulated signal to be transmitted to an external RFID reader; the controller is configured to regulate an input voltage for the modulator, resulting in a regulated input voltage, and to feed said regulated input voltage to the modulator. In accordance with a second aspect of the present disclosure, a corresponding method of operating a radio frequency identification (RFID) transponder is provided.

Abstract: Various embodiments disclose a method and a device including: an antenna, a switching regulator, communication chip including an amplifier and a linear regulator operably connected to the amplifier and the switching regulator, the communication chip configured to transmit a radio-frequency signal from the electronic device through the antenna, and control circuitry configured to control the communication chip such that the linear regulator provides the amplifier with a voltage corresponding to an envelope of an input signal input to the amplifier, the input signal corresponding to the radio-frequency signal.

Abstract: An apparatus for generating a radio frequency signal is provided. The apparatus includes a modulator configured to generate the radio frequency signal based on an input signal. Further, the apparatus includes a controller configured to control the modulator to generate the radio frequency signal using polar modulation, if the input signal has a first characteristic. The controller is configured to control the modulator to generate the radio frequency signal using quadrature modulation, if the input signal has a different second characteristic.

Abstract: A multi-level capacitive digital-to-analog converter, comprises at least one capacitor switch circuit (100) including a differential operational amplifier (130) having a first input node (E130a) and a second input node (E130b). A first current path (101) is coupled to a first reference input terminal (E100a) to apply a first reference potential (RefP) and the second current path (102) is coupled to a second reference input terminal (E100b) to apply a second reference potential (RefN). The at least one capacitor switch circuit (100) comprises a first controllable switch (111) being arranged between the second input node (E130a) of the differential operational amplifier (130) and the first current path (101). The at least one capacitor switch circuit (100) comprises a second controllable switch (112) being arranged between the first input node (E130a) of the differential operational amplifier (130) and the second current path (102).

Abstract: Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide methods and apparatus for series voltage regulation in an envelope tracking modulated supply. One example of an envelope tracking modulated supply includes a switched-mode power supply (SMPS), a voltage regulator, and a power amplifier having a supply input coupled to an output of the first voltage regulator. In certain aspects, the first voltage regulator is coupled in series between the power amplifier and two or more outputs the SMPS and is configured to generate a voltage at the output of the first voltage regulator based on an envelope of a signal to be amplified by the first power amplifier.

Abstract: Real time cognitive monitoring of correlations between variables including receiving, by a circuit, a first set of data results and a second set of data results, wherein each set of data results comprises binary data points; adding a unit of charge to a collection capacitor on the circuit for each of the first set of data results that indicates a positive data point; removing a unit of charge from the collection capacitor for each of the second set of data results that indicates a positive data point; and triggering a first sense amp on the circuit if the charge on the collection capacitor exceeds a high charge threshold, indicating that the positive data points in the first set of data results is greater than the positive data points in the second set of data results to a first statistical significance.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a terahertz-based high-risk chemical detecting device, which includes a terahertz wave generating unit, a terahertz wave transmitting and receiving unit and an echo analysis unit. The terahertz wave generating unit is configured for generating a terahertz detection signal, a terahertz reference signal and a terahertz local oscillation signal. The terahertz wave transceiver unit is configured to transmit the terahertz detection signal and the terahertz reference signal to a high-risk chemical to be tested, and receive information about carrying a high-risk chemical to be tested. The terahertz echo signal is configured to analyze the terahertz echo signal and the terahertz local oscillation signal to obtain information about a high-risk chemical to be tested. The present disclosure also relates to a terahertz-based high-risk chemical detecting method.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for a radially attachable RF trap attached from a side to a shielded RF cable. In some embodiments, the RF trap creates a high impedance on the outer shield of the RF cable at a frequency of RF signals carried on at least one inner conductor of the cable. In some embodiments, an RF-trap apparatus for blocking stray signals on a shielded RF cable that has a peripheral shield conductor and a inner conductor for carrying RF signals includes: a case; an LC circuit having a resonance frequency equal to RF signals carried on the inner conductor; projections that pierce and connect the LC circuit to the shield conductor; and an attachment device that holds the case to the cable with the LC circuit electrically connected to the shield conductor of the shielded RF cable.

Abstract: A data processing system comprising a transpose system configured to receive video ordered pixel data and to generate bit plane blocks of data. A write buffer configured to receive the bit plane blocks of data and to generate bit plane data frames. A memory controller configured to receive the bit plane data frames and to write a first bit plane data frame to a memory while simultaneously reading a second bit plane data frame from memory. A read buffer configured to receive the second bit plane data frame and to convert the second bit plane data frame to a digital display device format.

Abstract: A transmitting device (20) overlays control information onto information bit stream intended for a receiving device (40) by varying or shifting the modulation index in continuous phase modulation (CPM) waveform. The receiving device (40) detects the modulation index used at the transmitting device (20) to modulate the data burst. The receiving device (40) then determines the control information based on the detected modulation index.

Abstract: The invention refers to switching a physical quantity, wherein the switching is performed by a switching element (SW) according to a control signal received from a control circuit (11), comprising detecting from the control signal (CS) a first number indicative of a time length, and a second number indicative of a point in time, generating a switching signal (S) comprising a switching pulse having a pulse length according to the time length and a pulse position according to the point in time, and providing the switching signal to the switching element (SW). The invention further refers to a power amplifier and to a corresponding computer program.

Abstract: A modulation method is provided. The modulation method includes the steps of receiving multiple sinusoidal signals, obtaining the maximum value of the sinusoidal signals, obtaining the median value of the sinusoidal signals, and obtaining the minimum value of the sinusoidal signals within a period to generate a difference between the maximum value and the minimum value, generating a difference according to an upper limit and a lower limit of a predetermined comparison value, and comparing the two differences to generate an optimized modulation signal.

Abstract: A communications system includes a target receiver having a passband and configured to receive an intended signal within the passband. The communications system also includes a jammer configured to jam the target receiver from receiving the intended signal. The jammer has at least one antenna, a jammer receiver coupled to the at least one antenna, a jammer transmitter coupled to the at least one antenna, and a controller configured to cooperate with the jammer receiver. The controller is configured to detect the intended signal and to generate an interfering signal comprising a continuous phase modulation (CPM) waveform having a constant envelope so that the interfering signal at least partially overlaps the passband of the target receiver.

Abstract: In a method of transmitting a data stream from a transmitter in a multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) wireless communication system, where the transmitter comprises a plurality of transmit antennas, a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) is applied to the data stream to generate a plurality of symbol sequences; symbols of a first symbol sequence from the plurality of symbol sequences are paired with symbols of a second symbol sequence from the plurality of symbol sequences to generate a plurality of symbol pairs, wherein the pairing results in an orphan symbol; a space-time block code (STBC) is applied to the symbol pairs to generate a plurality of sets of STBC symbols, each set of STBC symbols being associated with a corresponding one of the plurality of antennas; a cyclic delay diversity (CDD) operation is applied to the orphan symbol to generate a plurality of CDD symbols, each CDD symbol being associated with a corresponding one of the plurality of antennas; and each one of the antennas transmits the corres

Abstract: An irrigation control device having a modulator that modulates data onto an alternating power signal by distorting amplitude of a first leading portion of selected cycles of the alternating power signal, and permit effectively a full amplitude of the alternating power signal on a following portion of the selected cycles, wherein the first leading portion and the following portion are either both on a high side of a cycle or both on a low side of a cycle of the alternating power signal. The irrigation control device further includes an interface configured to couple the modulator to a multi-wire interface coupled to a plurality of irrigation devices to permit the alternating power signal to be applied to the multi-wire interface.

Abstract: Parallel/serial conversion is performed on an N (where N is a natural number)-bit first parallel data signal with a first converted clock acquired by multiplying a reference clock by N, and parallel/serial conversion is performed on an (N×K)-bit (where K is a natural number) second parallel data signal with a second converted clock acquired by multiplying the reference clock by N×K.

Abstract: The present invention provides an adaptable codec for use in a communication system. The adaptable codec is capable of encoding a digital stream to be transmitted according to any one of a number of encoding schemes. A particular encoding scheme may be selected based on information received from a network entity that is separate from the communication system, a user associated with the communication system, a remote communication system with which communications are established, or a combination thereof. Once a particular encoding scheme is selected, an encoder will encode the digital stream to be transmitted, and a packet processor will create packets from the encoded digital stream. The selection of an encoding scheme will generally correspond to a desired quality of experience level.

Abstract: A system for communicating modulated EHF signals may include a modulation circuit responsive to a bi-level transmit information signal for generating a transmit output signal. The transmit output signal may have an EHF frequency when the transmit information signal is at a first information state and may be suppressed when the transmit information signal is at a second information state. A transmit transducer operatively coupled to the modulation circuit may be responsive to the transmit output signal for converting the transmit output signal into an electromagnetic signal.

Abstract: A rank estimation device in which a load on a rank estimation process can be reduced is provided. The rank estimation device of the exemplary embodiment is characterized by comprising a SNR estimation section which calculates a communication quality value, a channel variation estimation section which calculates a variation value that varies at a receiver, and a simplified rank estimation section which estimates a transmission rank based on the communication quality value calculated by the SNR estimation section and the variation value calculated by the channel variation estimation section.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are disclosed for predistorting an input signal to compensate for non-linear distortions introduced by an electronic device, for example, a power amplifier. The non-linear effects of a power amplifier can be modeled using different behavior models. Coefficients for one behavior model can be converted into coefficients for a different behavior model using a conversion function. A conversion circuit implementing the conversion function can be used in between a predistorter and an adaptation circuit that use different models.

Abstract: Adjusting a Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) or more generally, Layer One parameters, for a data packet based on packet information and priority is disclosed. The packet information can typically be extracted from the packet's header. Considering packet-specific information enables cross-layer optimization that can include consideration of packet error rate (PER) constraints, delay constraints, relative importance of packets within a data stream, beamforming (e.g., off or on, implicit or explicit—longer distances are more likely to merit implicit beamforming) constraints, and aggregation as a function of MCS or channel condition (more aggregation is generally desirable for higher MCS or better channels), to name several examples. It is also possible to differentiate drop probability based on the importance of frames like anchor frames, etc.

Abstract: A method and system are described for adaptively adjusting data communication of a rateless coding system, including adaptively estimating a symbol coding length, determining a symbol threshold, determining if the adaptively estimated symbol coding length is less than the symbol threshold, adjusting a transmission power level based on the second determining act and adaptively adjusting a modulation scheme based on the second determining act. Also described are a method and system for decoding communication of a rateless coding system, including receiving encoded symbols, determining if a length of the received encoded symbols is greater than a threshold number of encoded symbols and decoding the received encoded symbols if the length of the received encoded symbols is greater than the threshold number of encoded symbols.

Abstract: An amplifier circuit includes a modulation signal generating circuit, a driving stage circuit and an output stage circuit. The modulation signal generating circuit generates a pair of modulation signals according to a pair of differential input signals and a pair of clock signals. The pair of clock signals includes a first clock signal and a second clock signal having a phase difference therebetween. The driving stage circuit generates a pair of driving signals according to the pair of modulation signals. The output stage circuit generates a pair of amplified output signals according to the pair of driving signals.

Abstract: A communications system may include a first communications device that may include a transmitter and a modulator cooperating therewith to modulate a coded waveform using a constant phase modulation (CPM) to generate a non-linear CPM waveform, and generate a linear representation of the non-linear CPM waveform, the linear representation including a plurality of pulses. The transmitter and a modulator may further cooperate to remove at least some of the plurality of pulses to define a modified linear representation of the non-linear CPM waveform, and transmit the modified linear representation of the non-linear CPM waveform. The communications system may further include a second communications device that may include a receiver and a single pulse-matched filter linear demodulator cooperating therewith to demodulate the modified linear representation of the non-linear CPM waveform transmitted from the first communications device.

Abstract: The pulse modulated RF power control method includes an output amplitude control step for controlling amplitude of a pulse output, and a duty control step for controlling a duty ratio of the pulse output. The output amplitude control step performs a constant amplitude control to control an amplitude value of the pulse output so that the amplitude value becomes equal to a set amplitude value. The constant amplitude control according to the output amplitude control, for instance, gives a feedback of the amplitude value of the pulse output outputted by the power control, obtains a difference value between the feedback value and the set amplitude value, and controls the amplitude value of the pulse output so that the difference value becomes zero.

Abstract: This invention provides a high speed controller and switching mode power supply. The high speed controller includes PWM control chip, providing high speed PWM function; output circuit: sending out PWM working signal or frequency modulation working signal. FM enhancement network: inducing feedback signals from CFB and VFB circuitry to vary the oscillation frequency of the PWM control chip, and boost up the frequency modulation function. The FM enhancement network is an unique circuitry to alter the operation characteristics of the PWM control chip. In this respect the high speed controller can be regarded as a new PWM/FM controller which can work simultaneously both in PWM mode and in FM mode in accordance to the load conditions of DC/DC converter output. The efficiency of medium to high power supply using the new design as controller IC would increase at least 5% to 8% higher than other power supplies.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide a DPD system where the transmit reference signal is transformed, including sub-sampling, frequency translation, and the like, to match the feedback signal, which goes thru a similar transformation process, to obtain an error signal. The same transformation is applied to a system model, which may be Jacobian, Hessian, Gradient, or the like, in an adaptation algorithm to minimize error.

Abstract: A system for decoding frequency modulated signals includes a glue logic module, a key matrix, and a driver coupled to the key matrix. The glue logic module provides a pre-scaled frequency signal, while the key matrix receives the pre-scaled frequency signal. The driver decodes the pre-scaled frequency signal to generate at least one event update corresponding to a frequency of the pre-scaled frequency signal.

Abstract: The invention provides a multi-phase digital pulse width modulator (MP-DPWM) to implement a distribution scheme which applies the duty cycle in the fastest possible manner with restriction on the number of switching actions per phase and cycle, and additionally takes the number of available phases into account. It modulates switching signals according to a duty cycle input command, their previous switching states, and the current switching cycle. The controller is adapted to additionally take the residue of the previous subcycle into account. In the control scheme: each phase is allowed switch up to twice per cycle; only the next phase in the cycle is additionally turned on, at the start of a subcycle, and if a phase is still on at the end of a subcycle it can be kept on for longer, if required.

Abstract: A modulated impulse generating apparatus includes a source signal generator that generates a source signal, a first oscillation unit that, when activated, a signal having extracts a desired frequency component from the source signal generated by the source signal generator and causes amplitude of the extracted signal to increase, a second oscillation unit that, receives input of a signal caused to increase by the first oscillation unit, and that, when activated, causes amplitude of the input signal to increase together with the first oscillation unit and outputs a modulated impulse modulated wave, and an activation unit that activates the first oscillation unit after the source signal generated by the source signal generator has been input to the first oscillation unit and activates the second oscillation unit after a certain time period has elapsed and oscillation amplitude of the input signal has increased.

Abstract: A signal transmitting apparatus for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system comprises a compandor, a predistortor, a power amplifier and a feedback module. The compandor is configured to compress and expand a transmitted signal. The predistortor is configured to perform a predistortion operation on output signals of the compandor. The power amplifier is configured to amplify output signals of the predistortor. The feedback module is configured to adjust parameters of the compandor and the predistortor based on a feedback signal.

Abstract: The burst oscillation device 20 includes the data generation part 21, the operation part 11, the signal selecting part 40 and the burst generation part 50. The generation part 21 outputs the encoded data encoded based on data for communication. At the signal selecting part 40, the pulse release timing of predetermined repetition period is randomly delayed by the PPM and further delayed randomly by the minimal time by means of the PSK modulation, thereby realizing the decreasing of the peak value of the average power spectral density.

Abstract: Transmitters, receivers and associated methods are disclosed for providing phase and amplitude modulation in a carrier-less communication system (e.g., an ultra-wide band communication system). An approximate quadrature signal is provided by delaying the in-phase signal by an amount determined by various criteria, such as the bandwidths of the component signals, minimizing the mean square error between an approximate quadrature signal and the true quadrature signal, and minimizing the auto-correlation function of the in-phase signal.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for encoding feedback signal is provided. The method includes: encoding feedback signals of three carriers to output a bit sequence; and transmitting the bit sequence on a High Speed-Dedicated Physical Control Channel (HS-DPCCH). The encoding the feedback signals of the three carriers may specifically include: mapping the feedback signals of the three carriers into a codeword, in which the codeword can be selected from a codebook, and codewords in the codebook satisfy a particular code distance relationship. The method for jointly encoding feedback signals of three carriers in a Ternary Cell (TC) mode is provided. Feedback signals are transmitted over a single code channel. Therefore, power overhead is reduced, and system performance is improved.

Abstract: There is provided an information processing apparatus, including a data encoding unit that generates an encoded signal in partial response mode having a transmission speed Fb by encoding input data; a clock signal addition unit that synchronously adds a clock signal at frequency Fb having an amplitude value larger than that of the encoded signal to the encoded signal generated by the data encoding unit; and a signal transmission unit that transmits the encoded signal obtained by the clock signal being added by the clock signal addition unit through a predetermined transmission line.

Abstract: A system and method for communicating information using Layer 1 from a powered device to power source equipment via Ethernet. In one embodiment, Layer 1 information such as power management, classification, temperature, and disconnect information is transmitted from a powered device to power source equipment using an AC signal that has a cycle defining a first time period during which the AC signal is turned on and a second time period during which the AC signal is turned off. A type of information being sent by the powered device can be determined based on characteristic on/off times of the AC signal cycle.

Abstract: A baseband signal generator (102a) provides a polar signal (A, I p) to a processing sub-unit (704p). The processing sub-unit (704p) receives furthermore feedback signals from a down converting unit (704c) which feedback signals are used to determine the magnitude (B) of the amplified output signal and the actual error phase. The magnitude (A) of the polar signal and the determined magnitude (B) are applied to a comparator (710) having its output connected to the input of a predistortion unit (214, 216). The output of the predistortion unit (214, 216) is connected to the input of a pulse width modulating unit (210, 212) which comprises a mapping unit (210) outputting two constant magnitude signals. The actual error phase and the phase component of the polar signal are used to generate a corrected phase component which is applied to a further mapping unit (202) forming part of a phase modulating unit (202, 204).

Abstract: An apparatus and method for amplifying a Transmit (Tx) signal according to an Envelope Tacking (ET) scheme in a wireless communication system are provided. A transmitting end apparatus includes an envelope gain controller for controlling a gain of a digital baseband Tx signal in accordance with power control, a detector for detecting an envelope signal from the digital baseband Tx signal whose gain is controlled, and for shaping on the envelope signal, a first Digital to Analog Converter (DAC) for converting the shaped envelope signal into an analog signal, and an envelope modulator for generating a drain bias of a power amplifier that amplifies a Radio Frequency (RF) Tx signal by using the analog envelope signal. Accordingly, a digital-based ET scheme is implemented, and by using a plurality of shaping tables, efficiency of the ET scheme can be maximized in a transmitting end that uses power control.

Abstract: A radio communication apparatus includes a baseband signal generator to generate digital data; a clock generator to generate 2N pulse signals corresponding to the digital data; a selector to select one of the 2N pulse signals; and a short pulse generator to reduce a pulse width of the signal selected by the selector, wherein the 2N pulse signals include a whole-period non-transmission pulse, a whole-period transmission pulse, and 2N-2 partial-period transmission pulses, when the partial-period transmission pulse is selected, a band pass filter outputs a signal that lasts for part of a period having a 1-symbol length, when the whole-period non-transmission pulse is selected, the band pass filter outputs a signal attenuated by offsetting signals corresponding to the whole-period non-transmission pulse, and when the whole-period transmission pulse is selected, the band pass filter outputs a signal that lasts for a whole of the period having the 1-symbol length.

Abstract: A power amplifier amplifies a radio signal. Negative feedback is applied to a linear amplifier and the linear amplifier receives an envelope signal. A pulse current modulator is connected to a power supply terminal of a power amplifier and an output terminal of the linear amplifier via an inductor, and outputs a pulse current according to a control signal generated from the envelope signal. A diode has an anode connected to an output terminal of a direct current source and a cathode connected to an output terminal of the pulse current modulator. A switching element is disposed between the output terminal of the direct current source and a ground potential, and is controlled by the control signal.

Abstract: A method for generating an UWB pulses based on LC oscillator topology. Fast turn on of the oscillator is achieved by creating large asymmetry in a normally symmetrical topology which is used in a typical differential type oscillator. One method for achieving large asymmetry is activating one branch of a differential pair of branches for a short duration before activating both branches in a normal operation. The bandwidth of the pulse is controlled by modifying the duration of the oscillator activation. Fast turn on and turn off is essential for high bandwidth generation. The method is adaptable for generating binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulation. Selecting the activated branch of a fully symmetrical topology controls the output phase and creates two possibilities which differ exactly by 180 degrees. In a preferred embodiment, all the pulse generator components are on-clip leading to a low cost solution. The circuit can generate high power pulses directly on a load.

Abstract: An amplifier circuit includes a modulation signal generating circuit, a driving stage circuit and an output stage circuit. The modulation signal generating circuit generates a pair of modulation signals according to a pair of differential input signals and a pair of clock signals. The pair of clock signals includes a first clock signal and a second clock signal having a phase difference therebetween. The driving stage circuit generates a pair of driving signals according to the pair of modulation signals. The output stage circuit generates a pair of amplified output signals according to the pair of driving signals.

Abstract: A communication device according to the present invention includes a controller 10 configured to send a PN code (A) to a transmission and reception unit 20-1 and send a PN code (B) to a transmission and reception unit 20-n (n?1), a transmission system characteristic data acquiring unit 40 configured to acquire reference transmission system characteristic data indicating the characteristic of the PN code (A) sent to the transmission and reception unit 20-1 and acquire transmission system characteristic data indicating the characteristic of the PN code (B) sent to the transmission and reception unit 20-n (n?1), a transmission characteristic difference data calculator 41 configured to acquire a transmission characteristic difference data indicating a difference in transmission characteristic between the transmission and reception unit 20-1 and the transmission and reception unit 20-n (n?1) on the basis of the reference transmission system characteristic data and the transmission system characteristic data, and a

Abstract: A pulse width modulation method for controlling the output power of a pulsed gas discharge laser powered by a pulsed RF power supply comprises delivering a train of digital pulses to the RF power supply. Each pulse in the train has an incrementally variable duration. The power supply is arranged to deliver a train of RF pulses corresponding in number and duration to the train of digital pulses received. The average power in the RF-pulse train can be varied by incrementally varying the duration of one or more of the digital pulses in the digital pulse train. The train of RF pulses is used to power a gas discharge laser. The gas discharge laser outputs a pulse train corresponding to the RF pulse train.

Abstract: The present invention efficiently stores a training sequence in a communications system, where the training sequence exhibits certain desirable characteristics when used by a peak to average power constrained modulation format.

Abstract: A method for improving RFID readers includes transmitting an outgoing RF signal to an antenna through a directional device, and generating a demodulated vector signal from an RF signal related to the RF signal received from the receiver. The method also includes setting the impedance of a controllable-variable-reflectance element with control-parameters from a memory circuit. The memory circuit includes a look up table having therein a corresponding relationship between the control-parameters and an error vector related to the demodulated vector signal.

Abstract: A circuit is designed with a matched filter circuit including a plurality of fingers (700, 702, 704) coupled to receive a data symbol. Each finger corresponds to a respective path of the data symbol. Each finger produces a respective output signal. A plurality of decoder circuits (706, 708, 710) receives the respective output signal from a respective finger of the plurality of fingers. Each decoder circuit produces a respective output signal. A joint detector circuit (1310) is coupled to receive each respective output signal from the plurality of decoder circuits. The joint detector circuit produces an output signal corresponding to a predetermined code.