Abstract: A method and system for large scale Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser (VCSEL) binning from wafers to be compatible with a Clock-Data Recovery Unit (CDRU) and/or a VCSEL driver are provided. An illustrative method of binning is provided that includes: for at least a portion of VCSELs on a wafer, measuring a set of representative parameters of the VCSELs, of predetermined DC or small-signal values, and sorting the measured VCSELs into clusters according to the measured set of representative parameters of the VCSELs; further sorting the clusters into sub-groups that comply with specifications of the VCSEL driver; and providing a feedback signal to the CDRU for equalizing control signals provided to the VCSEL driver.

Abstract: A table and flowchart detection method is disclosed. First, based on connected component analysis and the sizes of the connected components, a target connected component that corresponds to possible elements of table or flowchart is detected in the input image. The target connected component is broken into corners and edges that connect the corners. Based on the relationship between the corners and edges, it is determined whether the target connected component is a table or a flowchart. For table detection, the edges and corners are linked into horizontal sets and vertical sets, and based on corner counts in the horizontal sets and vertical sets, it is determined whether the target connected component is a table. For flowchart detection, the boundary boxes and connecting lines between boundary boxes are detected to determine whether the target connected component is a flowchart.

Abstract: A resin molded body comprises a front surface layer disposed on a front surface side, a back surface layer disposed on a back surface side, and an intermediate layer disposed between the front surface layer and the back surface layer, each of the layers has a micro-phase separated structure including lamellar micro domains, each of the micro domains of the layers has a wave-like shape having amplitudes in the opposite direction of the front surface and the back surface, a maximum value of predetermined distances in the micro domains of the front surface layer and a maximum value of predetermined distances in the micro domains of the back surface layer are larger than the wavelength in the visible light range, and predetermined distances in the micro domains of the intermediate layer are equal to or less than the wavelength in the visible light range.

Abstract: A structural color body is film-like and comprises a front surface layer disposed on a front surface side and a back surface layer disposed on a back surface side, the front surface layer and the back surface layer contain block copolymers and have micro-phase separated structures including lamellar micro domains, each of the micro domains has a wave-like shape having amplitudes in the thickness direction of the structural color body, a maximum value of distances predetermined in the micro domains of the front surface layer is larger than the wavelength in the visible light range, and distances predetermined in the micro domains of the back surface layer are equal to or less than the wavelength in the visible light range.

Abstract: A scraper for an optical surface of a device is disclosed. The scraper includes a blade having an edge that is rigid and non-deforming to withstand high shear stresses. The blade is configured to rotate about a first axis parallel to the optical surface and also configured to move in a line with respect to a second axis perpendicular to the optical surface. This allows the rigid, non-deforming blade to maintain contact with the optical surface. Furthermore, the edge is configured to move across the optical surface to remove any materials adhered to the surface. The scraper can be used to clean the optical surface of an instrument, for example.

Abstract: A structural color body is film-like and formed of a resin layer containing a block copolymer, the resin layer has a micro-phase separated structure including lamellar micro domains, each of the micro domains has a wave-like shape having amplitudes in the thickness direction of the structural color body, and in each of the micro domains, a maximum value of distances in the direction between the tops of convexities and the bottoms of concavities is larger than the wavelength in the visible light range.

Abstract: A film-like structural color body comprises a front surface layer disposed on a front surface side, a back surface layer disposed on a back surface side, and an intermediate layer disposed between the front surface layer and the back surface layer, the front surface layer, the back surface layer and the intermediate layer contain block copolymers and have micro-phase separated structures including lamellar micro domains, each of the micro domains has a wave-like shape having amplitudes in the thickness direction of the structural color body, a maximum value of predetermined distances in the micro domains of the front surface layer and a maximum value of predetermined distances in the micro domains of the back surface layer are larger than the wavelength in the visible light range, and predetermined distances in the micro domains of the intermediate layer are equal to or less than the wavelength in the visible light range.

Abstract: An extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography mask is provided. The EUV lithography mask includes a reflective layer and an absorptive layer deposited over the reflective layer. The absorptive layer is patterned so as to define absorptive regions of the mask for absorbing EUV radiation and reflective regions of the mask for reflecting EUV radiation. The EUV lithography mask further includes a protective capping layer which is deposited over both the absorptive regions and the reflective regions of the mask.

Abstract: A method of controlling an optical package is provided where the average power density of the output beam of the semiconductor laser on the input facet of the wavelength conversion device in a relatively high power wavelength conversion mode exceeds the power density of the output beam of the semiconductor laser on the input facet of the wavelength conversion device in a relatively low power contaminant removal mode. In the relatively high power wavelength conversion mode, the adjustable optical components are utilized to correlate an optimum intensity value of a wavelength-converted output of the wavelength conversion device with optimum coordinates representing the position of the output beam of the semiconductor laser on the waveguide portion of the input facet of the wavelength conversion device.

Abstract: A frictional pivot 100 for use in a device measuring gravitational alignment is provided. The frictional pivot 100 comprises a gravity-responsive directional means 200 for indicating a datum direction of alignment with gravity; frictional pivoting means 300, 400 for allowing the gravity-responsive means coarsely to align with gravity; vibration means 303, 403 for vibrating one or more elements of the pivoting means; and portable power means 303a for powering the vibration means 303, 403.

Abstract: A seal assembly for an optical sensor employed in a high temperature environment is disclosed which includes an elongated metal guide tube having a distal end portion defining an open distal end and an inner rear wall, a sapphire window disposed within the distal end portion of the metal guide tube, the sapphire window having a rear end surface abutting the inner rear wall of the distal end portion of the metal guide tube, and a platinum mounting sleeve for securing the sapphire window to the metal guide tube, the platinum mounting sleeve having one portion joined to the metal guide tube and another portion joined to the sapphire window.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for analyzing a light profile of a light source for reducing capacity of a memory which is to store light profile data and device and method for driving local dimming of a liquid crystal display device by using the same. The method for analyzing a light profile of a light source includes driving a light source of one of a plurality of blocks which divide a backlight unit, setting a light analyzing region matched to one light emission region of the light source, dividing the light analyzing region into at least two symmetric regions considering a form of the light emission region and symmetry of the light emission region, and analyzing and storing a light profile of one of the at least two symmetric regions.

Abstract: A method for acquiring information includes the steps of preparing a laser having a micro-cavity, and detecting a light emitted from the laser. An oscillation state of the laser is changed according to a change of an environmental condition around the micro-cavity, and the light emitted from the laser is changed.

Abstract: A polarizing filter includes a portion with a filtering layer having a plurality of openings extending therethrough, where this portion has a maximum physical thickness in a radiation travel direction which is less than approximately one wavelength of the radiation being filtered. A method of making the filter includes: forming a filtering layer over a substrate; creating a plurality of openings through a portion of the filtering layer; and separating the filtering layer from the substrate.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and system for optimizing the time required for scanning a document with any conventional scanner. More specifically, the present invention will utilize calibration information from the initial power-up calibration or any other calibration, and the information from any previous scans to expedite or eliminate the need for future calibration requests. This process will save time for the user to obtain an optimal scan and increase the operable life span of the scanner by eliminating many repetitive scan cycles.

Abstract: A particle detection device and method wherein a bulk sample of particles is selectively collected based on scattering properties of the particles and fluorescence properties of the particles. The bulk sample of particles is then excited to produce an atomic emission from the bulk sample of particles. The atomic emission from the bulk sample of particles is used to determine atomic emission properties of the particles and identify biological particles in the bulk sample.

Abstract: An optical property measuring apparatus and an optical property measuring method of the invention determine a specified optical property of a sample by using a distribution function indicating a distribution of the amounts of reflected light incident on an optical sensor along a coordinate axis defined on a light-sensing surface of the optical sensor. Therefore, even when the optical sensor is a light-sensing device provided with a relatively small number of photosensitive elements, it is possible to measure the specified optical property regardless of a position error of the sample, if any, and reduce errors in measurement values caused by such a sample position error.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a phase compensator and an optical condenser in communication with the phase compensator. The phase compensator provides for phase shifting a portion of an electromagnetic wave. The optical condenser is shaped to direct the electromagnetic wave to a focal region of the optical condenser.

Abstract: A digital spectrophotometer and a spectrologial method for determining spectrum wavelength of an unknown illuminant, and the digital spectrophotometer has a base, an operating assembly and a photographic assembly. The operating assembly is attached to the base and has an operating pedestal, a rotating frame and a spectrometer. The rotating frame is connected rotatably to the operating pedestal. The spectrometer is connected solidly to the rotating frame. The photographic assembly is connected to the operating assembly. The spectrologial method is calculated the diffraction angle ? i and the wavelength of the unknown illuminant by putting the parameters into the into the first and second functions.

Abstract: A frictional pivot 100 for use in a device measuring gravitational alignment is provided. The frictional pivot 100 comprises a gravity-responsive directional means 200 for indicating a datum direction of alignment with gravity; frictional pivoting means 300, 400 for allowing the gravity-responsive means coarsely to align with gravity; vibration means 303, 403 for vibrating one or more elements of the pivoting means; and portable power means 303a for powering the vibration means 303, 403.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for generating a terahertz (THz) wave are provided. The apparatus comprises: an fiber optic probe injecting an optical wave transmitted through an optical fiber into a device under test (DUT); a driving oscillator generating and injecting an electrical wave into the DUT; and the device under test (DUT) generating a THz wave using the produced optical and electrical waves.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a beam analyzing system and a method for analyzing pulsed particle or laser beams. The inventive beam analyzing system comprises a detector unit, a unit for generating a pulsed reference laser beam, a first electro-optical modulator and a first read-out photo detector, wherein the optical input of the first electro-optical modulator is connected with the unit for generating a pulsed reference laser beam, wherein the optical output of the first electro-optical modulator is connected with the first readout photo detector and wherein the signal input of the first electro-optical modulator is connected with the detector unit.

Abstract: Systems and methods for measuring a pulse length (?0) of an ultra-short light pulse (P0) based on processing a number of substantially similar light pulses. The system includes an autocorrelation optical system adapted to receive the light pulses P0 and create from each light pulse two beams having an associated optical path length difference ?OPL. Providing a different ?OPL for each light pulse creates an autocorrelation interference pattern representative of an autocorrelation of the light pulse P0. An LED detector detects the autocorrelation interference pattern and generates therefrom an autocorrelation signal. A signal-processing unit forms from the autocorrelation signal a digital count signal representative of a number of counted peaks in the autocorrelation signal above the full-width half maximum. Control electronics unit causes the varying ?OPL and provides a difference signal (S?) representative of the ?OPL to the signal-processing unit.

Abstract: Nonlinear optically active compounds having film-forming properties, films including the compounds, methods for making the compounds and films, and electro-optic devices including the films and compounds.

Abstract: A cylindrical model eye comprises a plano-cylindrical portion having a plano surface and a first cylindrical surface opposite to the plano surface, a sphero-cylindrical portion having a convex spherical surface and a second cylindrical surface opposite to the convex spherical surface. The second cylindrical surface mates with the first cylindrical surface, and the first cylindrical surface has substantially the same radius curvature radius as the second cylindrical surface.

Abstract: A fiber quality transducer includes an inlet mixing probe, a rotating valve sleeve, a camera and a sampling cell. Slurry from a pulp tube flow enters a mixing chamber in the inlet mixing probe. The amount of slurry entering the mixing chamber is controlled by the rotating valve sleeve. The sampling cell includes a first sampling lens and a second sampling lens retained in a sampling bore. The first and second sampling lens are spaced apart to form a sampling space to facilitate the flow of diluted slurry. The camera is retained behind the first sampling lens and a LED back light is retained behind the second sampling lens. The diluted slurry flows past the sampling space. The camera photographs the fibers in the diluted slurry flow. The images from the camera are sent to analyzing software, which determine the characteristics of the fibers in the diluted slurry.

Abstract: Detecting a pulse of a signal includes receiving the signal and a light beam. The signal drives a spatial light modulator to modulate the light beam, where the complex amplitude of the modulated light beam is proportional to the signal current. The modulated light beam passes through an optical system and is detected by an optical detector array. A processor identifies a portion of the signal comprising the pulse.

Abstract: Systems and methods for spectral imaging are disclosed. Such spectral imaging can be used to determine properties of a subject material at different locations upon the surface and/or within the material. For example, strain and/or stress within an imaged area of the material can be determined. A system for spectral imaging can include a light source, a two-dimensional sensor array configured to image light from a two-dimensional area of a subject material, a filter configured to filter light from the subject material before the light is imaged and a processor in communication with the two-dimensional sensor array. The processor can be configured to determine a property of the subject material at a plurality of locations within the two-dimensional area of the subject material. Such spectral imaging systems can facilitate the performance of piezospectroscopic measurements of two-dimensional surfaces in a rapid manner while preserving accuracy.

Abstract: A system and method for measuring a parameter of a target in accordance with embodiments of the present invention includes transmitting at least one signal towards a target and receiving at least a portion of the transmitted signal back from the target. The measured parameter is one of distance velocity, or reflectivity. The transmitted signal is of the coherent burst waveform, and upon reception is processed with equivalent time sampling, AGC with minimal, if any, error, and a discrete Fourier transform.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an optical measuring device and optical measuring method capable of locally irradiating a measuring object with light and efficiently receiving reflection, scattered light, fluorescence, etc. from the measuring object. An optical measuring device according to the present invention has a light emitting portion; an irradiation waveguide for guiding light from the light emitting portion toward an object; a receiving waveguide for guiding light from the object; and a light receiving portion for receiving the light having been guided through the receiving waveguide; and is characterized in that a numerical aperture at a receiving end of the receiving waveguide is larger than a numerical aperture at an emission end of the irradiation waveguide.

Abstract: A device for determining a physical quantity of a sample, in particular for determining the density of a fluid, is implemented as an optical measuring device which allows an evaluation the reliability of the measured value in the measurement of the physical quantity of the sample.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for determining the triacetin content in cigarette filter plugs during the manufacture of the filter plugs from a filter tow. The apparatus including a filter tow storage container, a filter tow stretching device, a device for feeding triacetin, to the filter tow, a plug-forming device, a device for dividing the plug into portions, a first microwave sensor disposed downstream of the plug-forming device, and a second microwave sensor disposed upstream of the feed device for the triacetin. The triacetin content is determined by transmitting a high frequency electromagnetic field through the filter plug both before and after the triacetin is added and measuring the frequency shift and spread of the electromagnetic field to determine mass signals At and A0, respectivley. A0 is compared to At to calculate the triacetin content of the filter plug.

Abstract: According to the invention, the system automatically locates effective visibility zones from which an element to be viewed is visible. For this purpose, for this purpose, the inventive system makes use of the location of potential visibility zones (obtained from data such as sitting, morphology and orientation of the element to be viewed, potential visibility distance assigned to said element, etc.) and the morphology of the region in which the effective visibility zones are to be located. Said system avails of means of appraising the degree of visibility of different visibility zones according to the level of compliance achieved in relation to the criteria for locating visibility zones.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and software for guiding users during optical inspection and measurement of coated and noncoated substrates with an optical measurement system is provided. The optical measurement system incorporates an integrated recipe and data browser with sortable features to facilitate the optical inspection and measurement by the user.

Abstract: An optical/analog/digital pulse detector receives an input signal and drives a Bragg cell illuminated by a collimated light beam. The Bragg cell spatially modulates the collimated light beam and upon exiting the Bragg cell is imaged by lenses of an optics network to the plane of an opaque plate. A binary optical plate replicates the image of the Bragg cell on the opaque plate. The opaque plate contains slits of various lengths located where the images of the Bragg cell are replicated. To obtain the power spectrum of each of the images on the opaque plate an anamorphic lens is positioned in the path of light passing through the opaque plate. Light passing through the anamorphic lens is sensed by a detector array having outputs coupled to a focal plane processor that processes the analog outputs from the detector array into initial tuning commands for detection and characterization of pulses in the input signal.

Abstract: A method of determining the ignition characteristics of an optical source emitting optical power into a hazardous environment includes providing a chamber and a tapered optical fiber having an input end and an output end, wherein the output end has a smaller diameter than the input end. The output end of the tapered fiber is disposed within the chamber and the input end of the tapered fiber is optically coupled to the optical source for receiving optical power therefrom. Power is first applied to the tapered fiber and the power output at the tapered fiber output end measured. Then a target is applied to the tapered fiber output end, and the chamber is filled with the desired gas/air mixture and the same power applied to the tapered fiber. After power is applied for a period of time, a determination is made whether or not the gas/air mixture ignited.

Abstract: An optical sight for a photocamera viewfinder or for an aiming device of a firearm comprises a combination of a light emitting diode (LED) with a plurality of reticle patterns applied onto the surface of the LED and selectively illuminated by connecting various portions of the reticle patterns to the source of electric power supply. The switching from one reticle pattern to another is carried out electrically without the use of moving parts of the reticles or reticle images. This ensures high accuracy in positioning of reticle elements with regard to each other, e.g., with regard to the front sight center of the partially transparent mirror, and hence, with regard to the ballistic trajectory of the bullet.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and software for guiding users during optical inspection and measurement of coated and noncoated substrates with an optical measurement system is provided. The optical measurement system incorporates an integrated recipe and data browser with sortable features to facilitate the optical inspection and measurement by the user.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, there is provided an edge adapter for use with a spherically mounted retroreflector device for measuring the location of a measurement point on a first object surface of an object. The object has a second object surface with an edge interposed between the first and second object surfaces. The measurement point is positioned an offset distance from the edge. The retroreflector device has a spherical outer surface. The edge adapter is provided with an adapter body having at least two engagement points. The engagement points and the measurement point are cooperatively sized and configured to define a sphere of substantially the same radius as the spherical outer surface. The edge adapter is further provided with an adapter base attached to the adapter body. The adapter base has a base surface formed to engage the first object surface for supporting the edge adapter thereat.

Abstract: Zones of a passive infrared (PIR) motion detector lens are staggered at close range to provide for pet immunity. In a dual sensor, dual lens configuration, the sensor signal is acted on to generate an alarm only when the sensor signal is simultaneous, indicating that an infrared emitting object big enough to cross both staggered zones of a zone pair has been detected. To further enhance sensitivity and immunity to noise, two dual element PIR sensors are arranged in opposite polarity with their elements vertically parallel. The sensor output is simultaneous and of opposite polarity, and noise can be suppressed by blocking like-polarity signals.

Abstract: A device for taking aerial motion pictures, includes a camera (3) disposed at the upper end of a vertical periscopic tube (2) whose lower end (1) projects below a carrying airplane. An optical device is provided, adapted to effect vertical sweeping by pivoting about a horizontal axis. The periscopic tube (2) can pivot about its vertical axis and the camera (3) can pivot coaxially relative to the periscopic tube (2). The periscopic tube (2) is carried by a first turning plate (41) mounted rotatably on a fixed plate (40) and driven in rotation by a motor (43), whilst the camera (3) is carried by a second turning plate (51) mounted for rotation on a second fixed plate (50) and driven in rotation by a second motor (53).

Abstract: Method for a visual measurement, in which an image sector of an image with a target object is presented to an eye of an operative by a display unit, and in which the fovea of the eye is placed into such a reference position relative to the display unit, or the image sector is shifted in such a way towards the periphery relative to the fovea of the eye in a reference position, that the target object lies outside the fovea and the operative decides whether the target object is still visible, and the extent to which the target object is situated outside the reference position is determined.

Abstract: This invention pertains to fluorophoric compositions of a 7-amino-coumarin derivative and methods of their use for enhancing visualization of various constituents of ion selective electrodes.

Abstract: The device assists those who are visually handicapped and, in particular, warns blind or visually impaired travellers that they have entered a potentially dangerous area proximal to the edge of boarding platforms of the type typically found in public railway transit systems. An InfraRed Integrated Information System consists of an array of infrared transmitters and a portable detector/warning device to be held by the blind traveller. The transmitters create a beam of infrared light which bathes the section of the platform proximal to the platform edge. As the traveller moves into the region of the platform covered by the emission, the sensors in the warning device are activated and by audio, tactile or other stimuli alert the traveller of entry into the danger zone.

Abstract: A hologram recording plate, which has a plastic layer (a rosin derivative) that undergoes frost deformation by being acted upon by a solvent vapor, is set in a developing box supplied with a solvent vapor (cyclohexane) from a solvent vapor reservoir. The solvent vapor is exhausted from the developing box by a suction device. This is followed by subjecting the hologram recording plate to a high voltage from a high-voltage power supply and irradiating the plate with laser light, which represents a hologram to be formed, by opening a light shutter. This makes it possible to reduce the size of and to automate the hologram producing apparatus. The developing box and optical elements inclusive of a light source are secured to respective ones of individual carriers, and the carriers are provided so as to be free to be moved along an optical system aligning rail and fixed to the rail.

Abstract: A rotation speed measuring machine for a flying globe is formed of a light projecting device 10 projecting light on a measurement conducting area A which is a space including an expected flying route of a flying globe B after the globe has been hit at a hitting position, a light receiving device 20 which receives reflection light from the flying globe flying in the measurement conducting area A and which outputs a signal according to the fluctuation of the amount of reflected light, and a rotational speed detecting means 30 detecting the rotational speed of the flying globe B based on the output signal from the light receiving device 20 in order to measure the rotational speed of the flying globe B by putting a mark M having a light reflectance rate different from the reflectance rate of the surface texture on a part of the surface of the flying globe B and by detecting the amount of reflected light from the mark.

Abstract: An opto-acoustic detector includes a fiber laser having a cavity which includes an optical fiber having an active medium portion doped with a gain material so that the detector may be used in high frequency, high density arrays. The cavity is bounded by a frequency selective reflector and a broadband or frequency selective reflector adapted to be acoustically coupled to a medium supporting ultrasound radiation (i.e. acoustic waves). In one embodiment, the frequency selective reflector is a diffraction grating placed external to the optical fiber. In another embodiment, the frequency selective reflector is a narrowband reflector placed directly in the optical fiber. An acoustic signal enhancing feature which increases sensitivity of the detector is provided by utilizing a reflective membrane having a thickness substantially less than the acoustic wavelength, .lambda., as the broadband optical reflector.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for testing materials for use in a laser resonator includes selecting a test fixture apparatus having a housing with an internal chamber volume selected to approximate the internal volume of a predetermined laser resonator and having a pair of sealed windows therein which are removably attached to the housing and having optical coatings selected to match the coating on the optics of a laser. The housing has a removable cover and a gas purging opening. A laser of a predetermined wavelength and power is mounted adjacent the test fixture and is aligned for directing the laser beam through both of the windows of the test fixture. A material is placed in the test fixture and a laser beam directed through the coated windows for a predetermined period of time and thereafter the coated windows are examined for damage or contamination. The test fixtures are also cleaned and certified prior to testing so that a preselected test fixture can determine damage for selective materials used therein.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for monitoring the de-watering performance of a forming section of a papermaking machine is disclosed which includes a laser instrument having a laser displacement meter laterally spaced and supported above an upper run of a paper forming fabric having a paper stock deposited thereon. A head box deposits paper stock consisting of a water/fiber mixture on top of the upper run. An adjustable C-shaped carrier stand has an upper leg that supports the laser instrument above the upper run of the forming fabric. The carrier stand has a lower leg to support a baseline contact device below the upper run of the forming fabric. The laser displacement meter is disposed at a laser reference position above the forming fabric so that a laser beam is reflected off of the paper stock which is deposited on top of the forming fabric.

Abstract: A lamp unit is provided with a projecting portion on the inner wall of the lamphouse in the vicinity of the arc portion. The lamphouse is ventilated by the van provided at one end of the lamphouse and the vent provided at the other end. The inner diameter of the lamphouse at the arc portion provided with the projecting portion is smaller than that of both end portions, so that the flow velocity of the air passing through the lamphouse is higher in the vicinity of the arc portion, which produces a heat of a high temperature. Even if the lamp is horizontally installed, which lowers the heat dissipation efficiency, since the lamp is adequately air-cooled, an extreme temperature rise is prevented. The lamphouse is removeably mounted, and the lamp is mounted in a cartridge. The cartridge may be inserted into the lamphouse for replacement of the lamp.