Abstract: A holographic energy system is operable to generate an output wavefront according to a complex amplitude function. The holographic energy system includes a continuous three-dimensional energy medium, an array of energy devices configured to output energy to interact with the continuous three-dimensional energy medium to define a hologram therein, and an electromagnetic (EM) energy source positioned to output coherent EM energy that is incident on the hologram in the continuous three-dimensional energy medium to generate an output wavefront.

Abstract: An apparatus includes N audio receivers positioned in a pre-defined geometry with respect to P audio sources to receive P audio signals from the P audio sources; N data sets coupled to the N audio receivers to sample the received P audio signals into N data streams; a plurality of storage devices coupled to the N data sets to store the N data streams; and a post processor coupled to the plurality of storage devices to generate output signals corresponding to reconstituted P audio signals using a wavefront demultiplexing transformation, wherein N and P are positive integers and N?P. The post processor has inputs receiving data retrieved from the plurality of storage devices and outputs providing the output signals.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods and systems for bio-printing of three-dimensional organs and organoids. Also provided herein are bio-printed three-dimensional organs and organoids for use in the generation and/or the assessment of immunological products and/or immune responses. Also provided herein are methods and system for bio-printing three-dimensional matrices.

Abstract: An image generation device includes: a spatial light modulator; a source of light; a beam deflector; an illumination waveguide and an image transport waveguide, each waveguide containing at least one switchable grating; and a coupler for directing scanned light into a first set of TIR paths in said illumination waveguide. A switchable grating in the illumination waveguide diffracts light onto said SLM, a switchable grating in said image transport waveguide diffracting image-modulated from the SLM into a waveguide path.

Abstract: A device for detecting at least one object present in a sample, the device including a light source to emit at least one incident wave at a wavelength ?, a detection volume intended to receive the object, and to receive at least one incident wave, an image sensor positioned to receive at least one scattered light wave obtained by diffraction of the incident wave on the object and a reference wave from the source and not diffracted on the object and to generate a holographic image, and a computer data processing device to digitally reconstruct the object based at least on the holographic image and the wavelength ?. The device also comprises a support comprising patterns organized to form at least one diffraction grating, the grating being periodic and having a pitch P, such that ?/2?P?2?.

Abstract: A hologram that includes a formation layer and a reflection layer that are laminated. The formation layer has an optical phase modulation structure on a first interface in contact with the reflection layer. When reference light emitted from a point light source enters through a second interface different from the first interface of the formation layer, the entirety or part of an image to be reconstructed by the optical phase modulation structure is reconstructed as spatial information on the point light source side relative to the second interface.

Abstract: An imaging flow cytometer includes at least one flow channel through which an observation target flows, a light source which irradiates the flow channel with sheet-like excitation light, an imaging unit which images a specific cross-section of the observation target by imaging fluorescence from the observation target having passed through a position irradiated with the excitation light, and a three-dimensional image generation unit which generates a three-dimensional image of the observation target as a captured image on the basis of a plurality of captured images obtained by cross-sectional imaging by the imaging unit.

Abstract: The holographic Christmas tree is a holographic device. The holographic Christmas tree projects a three-dimensional image of a Christmas tree. The holographic Christmas tree includes a pedestal, a holographic projector, a substrate, and an image. The image is the three-dimensional image of a Christmas tree. The holographic substrate projects the image into the substrate. The pedestal contains the holographic projector.

Abstract: Methods and systems are disclosed for a modular weapon sight assembly. A weapon sight may include a base, an optical bench, an adjuster assembly, and/or a housing. The base may be configured to be releasably secured to a weapon. The optical bench may include a plurality of optical elements attached to a unitary component carrier. A relative position of the plurality of optical elements may define an optical path of the weapon sight. The base, the optical bench, the adjuster assembly, and the housing may be configured as separate modules. For example, the optical path of the optical bench may remain constant during adjustment and/or replacement of the base, the adjuster assembly, and/or the housing. A change in position of the base, the adjuster assembly, and/or the housing may not alter the relative position of the plurality of optical elements with respect to one another.

Abstract: One or more aspects of the present disclosure provide components for an article of manufacture, having a film with an optical element that imparts a structural color to the component. The present disclosure also provide methods for making components with the films and optical element, and articles of manufacture including the component.

Abstract: A holographic display method includes calculating a hologram, displaying it on a spatial light modulator (SLM) and illuminating it with coherent light. The hologram includes hologram pixels each having a hologram pixel value. The hologram is calculated using steps including: performing the inverse Fourier transform of the product of an object field and a negative quadratic phase exponential representative of positive optical power; and restricting each calculated hologram pixel value to one of a plurality (greater than two) of allowable pixel values to form a constrained hologram, which is displayed on the SLM. Each light-modulating pixel of the SLM is operable in a plurality of light-modulation levels corresponding to the plurality of allowable pixel values. The SLM is illuminated with coherent light to form a replay field including conjugate images: a real holographic reconstruction and a virtual holographic reconstruction having greater intensity than that of the real holographic reconstruction.

Abstract: An optical device includes a first backlight configured to output first light of a first wavelength through a first output coupler, a first lens disposed to face the first output coupler and having a focal length with respect to the first light, a second backlight including a second output coupler, the second backlight being configured to output second light of a second wavelength through the second output coupler, a second lens disposed to face the second output coupler and having different focal lengths with respect to the first light and the second light, a third backlight including a third output coupler, the third backlight being configured to output third light of a third wavelength through the third output coupler, and a third lens disposed to face the third output coupler and having different focal lengths with respect to the first light, the second light, and the third light.

Abstract: A lamp assembly is provided herein. The lamp assembly includes a panel operably coupled with one or more projectors. A light source is disposed within each of the one or more projectors. An optical member is disposed between each of the light sources and the panel. An image interference is disposed between the optical member and an exterior surface of the panel.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus for performing convolutional computations using an optical system. In some aspects computations for a neural network are performed in a digital domain using electronic circuitry, the neural network including a convolutional layer. Input data for the convolutional layer of the neural network is obtained, and a convolution or correlation computation on the input data in an analog domain using an optical correlator module is performed to generate an optical correlator module output. Based on the optical correlator module output, data is processed through additional layers of the neural network in the digital domain using the electronic circuitry.

Abstract: A reflector sight for a firearm, comprises an adjustment assembly for adjusting the location of a reticule within the field of view. The adjustment assembly comprises: a pair of vertical and horizontal adjustment screws; and a carrier body associated with a reticule generator, the carrier body having a pair of mutually perpendicular channels within which respective substantially cylindrical barrel nuts for the pair of adjustment screws are located. Each channel is configured to allow longitudinal movement of its respective barrel nut along the channel but relative movement perpendicular thereto is constrained, such that rotation of the adjustment screws can move the carrier in the horizontal and vertical directions without requiring any axial movement of the adjustment screws.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus and method for encoding a hologram and evaluating a holographic image quality for an amplitude-modulated hologram. A hologram encoding method may include acquiring three-dimensional (3D) information of a scene or an object; generating hologram information based on the 3D information; deriving a real number hologram function by extracting a real number part and an imaginary number part from the hologram information; determining an intermediate hologram function based on a sign characteristic of the real number hologram function; and determining encoded hologram information based on the intermediate hologram function.

Abstract: A dual-emitter micro-dot sight comprising a sight housing configured to mount to a shooting device, a first and a second light emitter each coupled to the sight housing, a beam combiner, a collimating lens, and a diverging lens. The beam combiner is configured to receive light from each of the first and the second light emitters and to guide the light to an optical path. The collimating lens is in the optical path and is configured to collimate the light from each of the first and the second light emitters. The diverging lens is in the optical path between the beam combiner and the collimating lens, and the diverging lens is configured to spread the light from each of the first and the second light emitters. The dual-emitter micro-dot sight may include windage and elevation adjustment mechanisms that are separate and independent for each of the first and the second light emitters.

Abstract: A optic sight apparatus for a weapon that includes an electro-optical sight unit configured to project a reticle image for a sight setting of the optic sight apparatus, a controller electrically connected to the electro-optical sight unit; and a switching apparatus connected to the controller unit, the switching apparatus configured to transmit a sighting control signal to the controller unit to automatically change a current sight setting of the optic sight apparatus to a predetermined sight setting of the optic sight apparatus corresponding to the sighting control signal.

Abstract: A lamp assembly for a vehicle configured to display a logo or other indicia in the form of a virtual image indicium. The lamp assembly includes a dark chamber having a mirror image indicium with an indicium light source associated with the dark chamber, and a light chamber having an associated primary light source. A transparent divider is configured to reflect the mirror image indicium when the indicium light source is illuminated to create the virtual image indicium that is perceivable by an observer.

Abstract: An integrated optical assembly is provided, with enhancements that are particularly useful when the integrated optical assembly forms part of a laser radar system. The integrated optical assembly produces a reference beam that is related to the optical characteristics of a scanning reflector, or to changes in position or orientation of the scanning reflector relative to a source. Thus, if the scanning reflector orientation were to shift from its intended orientation (due e.g. to thermal expansion) or if characteristics of the scanning reflector (e.g. the index of refraction of the scanning reflector) were to change on account of temperature changes, the reference beam can be used to provide data that can be used to account for such changes. In addition, if the scanning reflector were to be positioned in an orientation other than the orientation desired, the reference beam can be used in identifying and correcting that positioning.

Abstract: A method, computer system, and a computer program product for dynamic billboard advertisements is provided. The present invention may include determining that a vehicle is approaching a display location. The present invention may then include receiving a plurality of data associated with the approaching vehicle. The present invention may then include resolving an advertisement to be displayed based on the received plurality of data. The present invention may then include establishing the display location based on the received plurality of data. The present invention may finally include projecting the resolved advertisement at the established display location.

Abstract: Dual light guide, grating-based backlighting redirects light guided in a first light guide in a first direction into a second light guide in a second direction of a grating-based backlight. A dual light guide, grating-based backlight includes the first light guide, the second light guide and a redirection coupler configured to redirect the guided light beam from the first light guide into the second light guide in the second direction. The dual light guide, grating-based backlight further includes a diffraction grating configured to diffractively couple out a portion of the redirected light beam from the second light guide as a coupled-out light beam directed away from a surface of the second light guide at a predetermined principal angular direction.

Abstract: The invention relates to an insert for a passport booklet data sheet, formed by a multilayer complex having at least a first layer and a second layer having a hinge that has a folding zone where the insert is intended to be sewn or stapled into a passport booklet, said second layer having, in combination, at least one layer of plastics material and at least one metal reinforcing layer that together form an extension which extends a certain distance beyond said folding zone of the hinge, so as to reinforce the resistance of said data sheet to being ripped out and torn with respect to the passport booklet, characterized in that said layer of plastics material and said metal reinforcing layer extend over the entire surface area of the insert.

Abstract: An apparatus for presenting an image on a mirrored display includes an electronic display having backlight and a viewing area. A cover glass has a surface area is positioned in front of and substantially parallel with the electronic display such that the surface area substantially covers the viewing area. A reflective layer located on and substantially coextensive with said cover glass is partially silvered where the reflective layer is located above the viewing area and substantially fully silvered on the remaining surface thereof.

Abstract: An illuminator includes a hologram label and light-emitting diodes. The hologram label includes a reflective face. The light-emitting diodes are located near the hologram label. The light-emitting diodes are used to emit incident light onto the reflective face of the hologram label that reflects the incident light and hence provides reflected light. The incident light is colorless, and the reflected light is in at least one color.

Abstract: A virtual image display device includes a display light guiding unit, and an image forming unit that emits image light to the display light guiding unit, the display light guiding unit includes a first light guiding unit that guides image light corresponding to a first angle of view, and a second light guiding unit that guides image light corresponding to a second angle of view, among angles of view of image light emitted from the image forming unit, and the first light guiding unit and the second light guiding unit respectively include incident side diffraction elements that take the image light beams into the inside, and emission side diffraction elements that emit the image light beams to the outside.

Abstract: An adaptive stop sign including a stop sign plate and at least one light indicator. The stop sign plate is divided into a plurality of sections. The adaptive stop sign is connected to a traffic signal control system (TSCS). In an active mode, the adaptive stop sign works as a traffic control signal and the TSCS switches on the at least one light indicator according to a traffic control signal. In an inactive mode, the adaptive stop sign works as a normal sign and the TSCS switches off the at least one light indicator.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a field of daily articles, especially to a holographic electronic candle including a candle body; at least one image play device arranged inside of the candle body. The holographic electronic candle can even project vivid three-dimensional flames, other three-dimensional pictures, such as humans or cartoons or continuous three-dimensional animation, apart from the advantages of the exiting electronic candles. The users can watch the vivid three-dimensional flames or other pictures or animations, or other different surfaces in the three-dimension, from different perspectives with the resulting fun, which may improve the user's interest. The holographic electronic candles have broad application as the crafts, producing good profits as well.

Abstract: System and method related to photonic computing are provided. A photonic computing system may include an optical interference region and an input waveguide configured to couple an optical input signal to the optical interference region and to create an optical interference pattern in the optical interference region. The interference pattern has an optical power distribution. The photonic computing system may further include a readout unit that is arranged in an inner area of the optical interference region. The readout unit is configured to detect an optical readout signal of the optical power distribution at a readout position of the inner area of the optical interference region. A method is also provided for performing photonic computing.

Abstract: An insulating glazing unit having a first pane, a second pane, a third pane arranged between the first pane and the second pane, an outer pane interspace, an inner pane interspace, and a spacer is described. The spacer having a plastic profile with a first glazing interior surface and a second glazing interior surface, a first pane contact surface, a second pane contact surface, a primary sealing means, and a main member containing a sealing material and a drying material. The plastic profile includes a groove, into which the third pane is inserted and which runs parallel to the first pane contact surface and to the second pane contact surface. The plastic profile separates the outer pane interspace from the inner pane interspace. The main member is arranged in the outer pane interspace between the plastic profile and the primary sealing means, the main member being adjacent the plastic profile and the primary sealing means.

Abstract: A head-up display, in particular for use in a vehicle, includes a light source and a projection screen. An intermediate screen is provided for the orientation of light emitted from a light source and, resulting therefrom, for the shaping of an image to be displayed on the projection screen. The intermediate screen is at least partially reflective.

Abstract: In a near-eye optical display system comprising a waveguide and diffractive optical elements (DOEs) configured for in-coupling, exit pupil expansion, and out-coupling, a rainbow phenomenon manifested in the display may be removed or reduced using a polarizing filter at the front of the system so that real-world/stray light entering the system has a particular polarization state, for example TM-polarized. The polarizing filter is utilized in conjunction with a downstream out-coupling DOE that includes diffractive grating structures that are configured to enable sensitivity to an opposite polarization state, for example TE-polarized. An imager is configured to produce virtual-world images that also have a TE-polarized state. The polarization-sensitive out-coupling DOE diffracts the TE-polarized imaging beam out of the grating for display while the TM-polarized light from the real world and/or stray light passes through the grating without diffraction and thus cannot contribute to rainbows in the display.

Abstract: An optical design system is used to design a light shaping element that directs light from a specified source to a specified light distribution. The process includes designing related faceted optical devices (reflective or refractive) such that light from a common source point is distributed across multiple target points.

Abstract: An optical aperture multiplier includes a first optical waveguide (10) having a rectangular cross-section and including partially reflecting surfaces (40) at an oblique angle to a direction of elongation of the waveguide. A second optical waveguide (20), also including partially reflecting surfaces (45) at an oblique angle, is optically coupled with the first optical waveguide (10). An image coupled into the first optical waveguide with an initial direction of propagation at an oblique coupling angle advances by four-fold internal reflection along the first optical waveguide, with a proportion of intensity of the image reflected at the partially reflecting surfaces so as to be coupled into the second optical waveguide, and then propagates through two-fold reflection within the second optical waveguide, with a proportion of intensity of the image reflected at the partially reflecting surfaces so as to be directed outwards from one of the parallel faces as a visible image.

Abstract: A digital holography device of an embodiment of the present invention includes: an image sensing device which records, in an image sensor and on the basis of an object, a plurality of holograms that correspond to respective different photographic exposure values; and a computer which (i) generates a high dynamic range hologram, which includes pieces of information ranging from low luminance information to high luminance information, by synthesizing the plurality of holograms recorded and (ii) generates a reconstructed image of the object by performing arithmetic processing of phase-shift interferometry, diffraction calculation, and/or the like on the basis of the high dynamic range hologram.

Abstract: Processes and systems are described that can produce images including both three dimensional holographic images and two dimensional variable data, which can provide personalized security features in a document. A photosensitive film can be pressed against a first reflective optical device. A laser beam can be directed through a selected first area of the photosensitive film onto the first reflective optical device to produce a three dimensional holographic image in the photosensitive film. A previously masked second area of the photosensitive film can be pressed against a second reflective optical device. The laser beam can project an image constructed by a spatial light modulator and can be directed through the second area of the photosensitive film onto the second reflective optical device to produce a two dimensional image in the second area. During the process, the web tension of the photosensitive film is controlled.

Abstract: An eyepiece for projecting an image to an eye of a viewer includes a waveguide configured to propagate light therein, and a diffractive optical element optically coupled to the waveguide. The diffractive optical element includes a plurality of first ridges protruding from a surface of the waveguide. Each of the plurality of first ridges has a first height and a first width. The diffractive optical element further includes a plurality of second ridges. Each of the plurality of second ridges protrudes from a respective first ridge and has a second height greater than the first height and a second width less than the first width. The diffractive optical element is configured to diffract a first portion of the light propagating in the waveguide toward the eye, and to diffract a second portion of the light propagating in the waveguide away from the eye.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the field of optical systems. The envisaged multi-scan optical system is compact and stable. The system comprises an excitation source, a hydra fiber cable, a wavelength selector, an optical element, and a detector. The excitation source is configured to emit composite light. The hydra fiber cable has a head and a plurality of tentacles, and is configured to receive the composite light via a second lens. The plurality of tentacles is configured to emit the composite light towards the wavelength selector which includes a plurality of optical slits (s1-s8) and a plurality of shutters. The wavelength selector is configured to selectively collect and filter the composite light directed by a first lens and the plurality of tentacles by means of the plurality of shutters. The detector is configured to detect the plurality of spectral line scans reflected by the optical element for spectrometric analysis.

Abstract: Provided are a method and device for processing a holographic image. The method includes generating a complex array by performing frequency conversion of input image data on a pixel-by-pixel basis, encoding per-pixel amplitude information and per-pixel phase information represented by complex numbers included in the complex array into real number values, sorting the real number values of the per-pixel amplitudes according to a magnitude and setting a prescribed-order number from among the real number values of the per-pixel amplitudes to a reference value, and normalizing the real number values of the per-pixel amplitudes based on the reference value.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to apparatuses and methods for performing in-line lens-free digital holography of objects. At least one embodiment relates to an apparatus for performing in-line lens-free digital holography of an object. The apparatus includes a point light source adapted for emitting coherent light. The apparatus also includes an image sensing device adapted and arranged for recording interference patterns resulting from interference from light waves directly originating from the point light source and object light waves. The object light waves originate from light waves from the point light source that are scattered or reflected by the object. The image sensing device comprises a plurality of pixels. The point light source comprises a broad wavelength spectrum light source and a pinhole structure. The image sensing device comprises a respective narrow band wavelength filter positioned above each pixel that filters within a broad wavelength spectrum of the point light source.

Abstract: The present invention provides a measuring apparatus for measuring a shape of an object to be measured, comprising an emitting unit configured to emit pattern light, an optical system configured to guide the pattern light emitted from the emitting unit to the object, a deflection unit arranged between the optical system and the object and configured to deflect the pattern light emitted from the optical system, an image sensing unit configured to capture the object via the optical system and the deflection unit, and a processing unit configured to determine the shape of the object based on an image of the object captured by the image sensing unit, wherein the deflection unit comprises a diffraction grating configured to diffract the pattern light emitted from the optical system.

Abstract: A light-emitting device including at least a metal layer able to be heated and to propagate surface waves consecutive to the heating of the metal layer, with the metal layer being structured such that it comprises several diffraction patterns able to carry out a diffraction of the surface waves to free-space propagation modes, wherein a synthetic hologram is encoded such that a phase image of a pixel of the hologram is encoded by an offset in the position of one of the diffraction patterns, and a heater of the metal layer.

Abstract: A sight assembly for mounting to a weapon. A holographic optical element and a light source are in a fixed angular configuration with respect to one another, but may be adjusted either together or individually in a horizontal or vertical direction. The sight assembly may have a mirror or lens. An adjustment mechanism is provided where a shaft includes at least two portions wherein the two portions of the shaft of the screw have different pitch directions and/or pitch dimensions allowing for slight adjustment the assembly. The light source may be a vertical-cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL). A temperature sensor may sense a temperature of the VCSEL. A current to the VCSEL may be adjusted based on a change in the temperature such that the output wavelength is approximately the same as a desired wavelength. The assembly may further allow for perceived image distance adjustment using parallax mismatch.

Abstract: A fluorescence receiving apparatus comprises an excitation light source, a spatial light modulator of a phase modulation type for phase-modulating excitation light to obtain phase-modulated light, a focusing optical system configured to focus the phase-modulated light to a specimen, a specimen stage for supporting the specimen, a fluorescence receiver for receiving fluorescence generated by focus of the phase-modulated light to the specimen, a control unit for displaying a first CGH on the spatial light modulator, and a correction unit for correcting the first CGH. The correction unit comprises a receiver-specific sensitivity information storage preliminarily acquiring and storing sensitivity information per reception position specific to the fluorescence receiver, and a second hologram generator for correcting the first CGH, based on intensities of the fluorescence and the sensitivity information, to generate a second CGH. The control unit displays the second CGH on the spatial light modulator.

Abstract: Methods and devices for coherent holographic data channel techniques. Coherent techniques for data detection generally include homodyne and heterodyne detection. Techniques for quadrature homodyne detection, resampling quadrature homodyne detection, n-rature homodyne detection, and spatial wavefront demodulation. Coherent detection techniques in turn enable coherent channel modulation techniques such as phase modulation (including binary phase shift keying, or BPSK; phase quadrature holographic multiplexing, or QPSK; and quadrature amplitude modulation, or QAM). Coherent detection may also enable or improve the performance of other channel techniques such as partial response maximum likelihood (PRML), the various classes of extended PRML, and of noise-predictive maximum likelihood (NPML) detection.

Abstract: Providing information includes identifying documents that are responsive to a query, some of the documents each being associated with a geographic feature, and providing a list of the documents in a sequence that is determined based on rank scores derived from one or more properties of the geographic features associated with the documents.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of a Blazed diffraction grating configured to diffract incident light and made of a CdTe or CdZnTe crystal material includes the step of forming a plurality of grating grooves in a processed surface of a work through machining using a processing machine for the Blazed diffraction grating. The forming step forms the grating grooves so that among surfaces of gratings formed by the forming step, a surface that receives the incident light most is set to a (110) plane as a crystal orientation of the crystal material.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus and method for generating a hologram pattern with a reduced amount of computation. The apparatus may include a reference depth layer setting unit configured or having a capacity to set a reference depth layer using data associated with a three-dimensional (3D) object, a first hologram pattern generating unit configured to generate a first hologram pattern corresponding to the 3D object in the reference depth layer, and a second hologram pattern generating unit configured to generate a second hologram pattern in a hologram plane using the first hologram pattern.

Abstract: A method of printing a holographic 3D image is provided. The method includes forming sub-voxels on a hologram recording material, the sub-voxels including one or more colors.

Abstract: A holographic projection gaming and learning system comprises a holographic projection device, an input unit used to present one or more instruction contents and an electronic device having a screen, wherein the holographic projection device includes at least a placement board configured with an opening, at least a projection refraction board and at least a supportive positioning component; therefore, upon placing the electronic device on the placement board of the holographic projection device, the capture module of the electronic device can capture the instruction contents provided by the input unit and transfer to the application software thereby that the application software determines the received instruction contents to display at least a holograph image on the screen, and the holograph image displayed on the screen of the electronic device can be illuminated onto the projection refraction panel of the projection refraction board via the opening of the placement board and then the projection refraction