Abstract: An objective lens (OL) comprises, disposed in order from an object: a positive lens (L11); a negative meniscus lens (L12) cemented to the positive lens (L11) and having a concave surface facing the object; and a positive meniscus lens (L13) having a concave surface facing the object; wherein the objective lens satisfies following conditional expressions 2.03?n1m?2.30 and 20??1m, where, n1m: a refractive index of the negative meniscus lens (L12) with respect to a d-line, and ?1m: an Abbe number of the negative meniscus lens (L12).

Abstract: Microscope imaging system and method for bolus formation and detection. In an exemplary method, immersion fluid may be delivered onto a front end of an objective of the imaging system to form one or more boluses. Each bolus may have a rounded outer surface intersected by an optical axis defined by the objective. At least a portion of each bolus may be illuminated. Light may be detected from each illuminated bolus to create detection data. A value representing a size of each bolus may be determined using the detection data. Delivery of the immersion fluid may be adjusted, if needed, based on the value(s) determined.

Abstract: [Problem to be Solved] There are provided an optical system having good imaging performance, an optical apparatus, and a method for manufacturing the optical system. [Solution] An optical system OL used in an optical apparatus, such as a camera 1, includes a diffractive optical element GD and at least one specific lens Lp, which is a lens made of crystalline glass. The specific lens Lp satisfies the condition expressed by the following expression: ?gFp+0.0017×?dp<0.730, where ?gFp represents partial dispersion ratio of a medium of the specific lens Lp, and ?dp represents the Abbe number of the medium of the specific lens Lp at a d line.

Abstract: An optical system having a viewing angle ? relative to a longitudinal axis including: a prism group to deflect incident light by reflection at first and second surfaces including prisms with mutually adjacent boundary surfaces arranged in pairs and separated by a gap, a total reflection of incident light from outside a field of view takes place at a boundary surface between a prism and a corresponding gap, the prism group has a cylindrical envelope (D), and an input-side prism is configured to have a wedge-shape with angle ? and an optical path length ?; an entry surface of the prism has a length L, which is a length of a line of intersection of the entry surface with a plane that is spanned by a central beam path; and the first prism meets the conditions: ?<cos ?·tan ?·D/2 and L<D/cos ?.

Abstract: An immersion microscope objective includes a first lens group that consists of a first cemented lens consisting of a planoconvex lens and a first meniscus lens, the first meniscus lens having a thickness that is greater than a radius of curvature of a lens surface on an image side of the first meniscus lens, a second lens group that includes a plurality of second cemented lenses, a third lens group that consists of a third cemented lens, and a fourth lens group that includes a fourth cemented lens consisting of a plurality of meniscus lenses. The objective satisfies the relationship 2?h1/h2?4, where h1 indicates an axial marginal ray height at a lens surface of the third cemented lens that is closest to an object, and h2 indicates an axial marginal ray height at a lens surface of the third cemented lens that is closest to an image.

Abstract: An immersion microscope objective includes: a first lens group that includes a meniscus lens component that is closest to an image among the components of the first lens group, the meniscus lens component having a convex surface facing an object; and a second lens group that includes at least one lens component. The first lens group includes a first cemented lens that is closest to the object. The first cemented lens consists of a planoconvex lens that includes a plane surface facing the object and a meniscus lens that has a negative refractive power. The objective satisfies the following conditional expressions: 2.4?f1/fob??(1) 1.8?n12?1.85??(2) where f1 indicates a focal length that the first cemented lens has for an e line, fob indicates a focal length that the objective has for the e line, and n12 indicates a refractive index that the meniscus lens has for the e line.

Abstract: An observation apparatus, an observation method, and an observation program capable of capturing an image by appropriately adjusting a focus regardless of a size of an effective range in which a distance to a cultivation container can be measured within a field of view are provided.

Abstract: A feed device for an immersion medium for use with an objective enabling a specimen to be imaged microscopically includes a cap fitted releasably or fixedly to the objective and delimiting a receptacle space for the immersion medium. The cap has an exit opening aligned with an optical element of the objective facing the specimen. The immersion medium held in the receptacle space is feedable through the exit opening to a target space situated between the optical element of the objective and the specimen. A sensor is integrated in the cap and has an electrode structure configured to detect an amount of the immersion medium fed through the exit opening to the target space. The electrode structure at least partly encloses the exit opening and has a spatial detection region extending away from the exit opening in a radial direction.

Abstract: This invention relates to an optical article comprising a transparent substrate coated with an antireflective coating comprising at least two layers having a low refractive index, and at least two layers having a high refractive index, one layer having a high refractive index being the nearest from said substrate, characterized in that the total physical thickness of said antireflective coating is equal to or lower than 600 nm, and such that: —the mean reflection factor in the near infrared region is higher than or equal to 20% at an angle of incidence lower than 35°, and —the mean reflection factor RmB of blue light at a wavelength ranging from 420 to 450 nm is higher than or equal to 7.0% at an angle of incidence lower than 15°.

Abstract: A camera head for an endoscope includes: a casing grasped by a user and detachably connected to an insertion unit inserted into a subject, the insertion unit taking an object image from the subject; an optical element having translucency and configured to seal the casing by being provided in the casing; an imaging element provided in the casing and configured to capture the object image taken into the casing through the optical element; and a dew condensation forming unit provided in the casing and having a smaller thermal resistance value than the optical element, the dew condensation forming unit functioning as a transmission path of heat between inside and outside of the casing.

Abstract: An immersion microscope objective includes: a first lens group that has a positive refractive power and includes a first cemented lens consisting of a planoconvex lens having a plane surface facing an object and a meniscus lens having a concave surface facing the object; a second lens group that includes a first cemented triplet lens; a third lens group that includes a second cemented triplet lens; a fourth lens group that includes a second cemented lens with a meniscus shape having a concave surface facing an image; and a fifth lens group that includes a lens having a concave surface facing the object, wherein the immersion microscope objective has a numerical aperture within a range from 1.35 to 1.5. The first and second cemented triplet lenses each consist of a positive lens, a negative lens, and a positive lens.

Abstract: A dry microscope objective with a 20-fold magnification or lower that includes a first lens group having a positive refractive power and a second lens group having a positive refractive power, wherein the first and second lens groups have concave surfaces adjacent to each other and facing each other, and the microscope objective satisfies the following conditional expressions: 1.4?(Wz(1)?Wz(0))/DOFd?2.3??(1) 0?WCRMS(Fiy)?0.1?d (0?Fiy?0.7)??(2) where Wz indicates a function of a d-line optimization position that is an longitudinal position at which an RMS wavefront aberration in a d line at the object height ratio is minimized; DOFd indicates a depth of focus for the d line; WCRMS indicates a function of an RMS wavefront aberration in a C line that occurs at the d-line optimization position; Fiy indicates the object height ratio; and ?d indicates the wavelength of the d line.

Abstract: An imaging system consisting of a cell-phone with camera as the detection part of an optical train which includes other components. Optionally, an illumination system to create controlled contrast in the sample. Uses include but are not limited to disease diagnosis, symptom analysis, and post-procedure monitoring, and other applications to humans, animals, and plants.

Abstract: An immersion objective having a highly refractive single front lens and, immediately adjacent a beam waist, a cemented triplet group with a focal length less than or equal to ?1.5 times the focal length of the immersion objective.

Abstract: The invention discloses a wide-field multi-scale high-resolution microscopic imaging system, which includes a light source, a sample, a microscope imaging objective system, an acquisition system, and a workstation. The microscope imaging objective system is used for forming an image after a light beam emitted by the light source illuminates the sample. To obtain a wide-field curved image plane, the acquisition system includes an acquisition lens array for subfield acquisition of the curved image plane, and a camera array for secondary imaging. The workstation is used for analyzing the acquired image in overlapping fields of view, and performing image splicing based on the fields of view, to finally obtain a wide-field high-resolution image. Because of the desire for an improvement to an imaging method, this invention realizes multi-scale high-resolution observation from cells, tissues, to organs while ensuring a wide field of view.

Abstract: An objective optical system for endoscope includes a first lens group having a positive refractive power, a second lens group having a negative refractive power, and a third lens group having a positive refractive power. At a time of focusing, the first lens group and the third lens group are fixed, and the second lens group moves. The third lens group consists of a front group having a positive refractive power and a rear group having a positive refractive power. The front group includes one cemented lens and the rear group includes one single lens, and the following conditional expressions are satisfied: 1?fG3f/fG3r?5, 0.1?dG3fr/dG3r?1, ?8?fc/rc??2, and ?7?fG2/fG3??2.

Abstract: An immersion objective lens for a microscope includes a first lens group having positive refractive power, a second lens group having positive refractive power, a third lens group having negative refractive power and a fourth lens group having positive refractive power disposed in this sequence from the object side. The second lens group is moveable along an optical axis so as to achieve a corrective effect with respect to a spherical aberration, such that a sum of a distance between the second lens group and the first lens group and of a distance between the second lens group and the third lens group is constant. The corrective effect of the second lens group is predetermined such that the spherical aberration is minimized for a light incidence that corresponds to a mean numerical aperture that lies between zero and a nominal aperture of the immersion objective lens.

Abstract: A device for contactless optical distance measurement includes a polychromatic light source, a light analysis unit and a measurement head. The measurement head has an aperture opening and an optical lens system, which has a chromatic longitudinal aberration. The optical lens system includes a first refractive lens element and a second refractive lens element. At least one of the refractive lens elements has at least one aspherical lens surface, and the first refractive lens element and/or the second refractive lens element has an optical material with an Abbe number 20<=Vd<=41. The optical lens system has such a chromatic longitudinal aberration that a measurement region, which equals an axial focal shift of the optical lens system between the wavelengths of 450 nm and 700 nm, is between 0.2 mm inclusive and 10 mm inclusive.

Abstract: An immersion objective includes a first lens group, with a positive refractive power, that converts divergent light from an object point into convergent light and a second lens group, with a negative refractive power, that is arranged closer to the image than is the first lens group. The immersion objective satisfies the conditional expression below where WD is a working distance of the immersion objective and D is a distance on an optical axis of the immersion objective from the observation target plane to the lens surface closest to the image in the immersion objective. 0.11?WD/D?0.

Abstract: An immersion objective has a numerical aperture of 1.42 or higher, and includes in order from the object side a positive first lens group, a positive second lens group, and a negative third lens group. The first lens group includes a first cemented lens that includes a plano-convex lens and a first meniscus lens, and a positive lens. The second lens group includes a plurality of cemented lenses. The third lens group includes in order from the object side a second cemented lens that includes a positive lens and a negative lens, a negative lens that has a concave surface facing the object side, and a positive lens. When H is a maximum height of an axial marginal ray, f is a focal length of the objective, and NAob is the numerical aperture, the objective satisfies a conditional expression below 3.5?(H/f)×NAob?5.2??(1).

Abstract: An image pickup apparatus includes an image pickup element and an optical system. The image pickup element includes a plurality of pixels, and the plurality of pixels is arranged in rows two-dimensionally. The optical system includes in order from an object side, a first lens unit which includes a plurality of lenses, a stop, and a second lens unit which includes a plurality of lenses. The first lens unit includes a first object-side lens which is disposed nearest to an object, and the second lens unit includes a second image-side lens which is disposed nearest to an image. The following conditional expressions (1), (2), (3), (4), and (5) are satisfied: 3250<2Y/p??(1), ?1.0<???(2), CRAobj<10 deg??(3), 2.0<LL/?(Y×Yobj)<15.0??(4), and 0.5<LTL/Doi<0.95??(5).

Abstract: An optical image capturing system includes, along the optical axis in order from an object side to an image side, a first lens, a second lens, a third lens, a fourth lens, a fifth lens, a sixth lens, and a seventh lens. At least one lens among the first to the sixth lenses has positive refractive force. The seventh lens has negative refractive force, wherein both surfaces thereof can be aspheric, and at least one surface thereof has an inflection point. The lenses in the optical image capturing system which have refractive power include the first to the seventh lenses. The optical image capturing system can increase aperture value and improve the imaging quality for use in compact cameras.

Abstract: An immersion microscope objective includes a first lens group having a positive refractive power, a second lens group having a positive refractive power, and a third lens group having a negative refractive power. The first lens group includes a first lens surface and a second lens surface. The first lens surface is positioned nearest to the object side, and the second lens surface is positioned on an image side of the first lens surface and nearest to the first lens surface. The conditional expression ?3?(rG12/f)×(NAob/ndimm)2??1.7 is satisfied, in which rG12 denotes a radius of curvature at the second lens surface, f denotes a focal length of an entire system of the immersion microscope objective, NAob denotes an object-side numerical aperture of the immersion microscope objective, and ndimm denotes a refractive index of an immersion liquid for a d-line.

Abstract: In an image pickup apparatus including an optical system and an image pickup element, the optical system includes, in order from an object side to an image side, lens(es), an aperture stop, and lens(es). The lens arranged at the most image side in the optical system is a negative lens, and an infrared cut film is formed on at least one lens surface in the optical system. An optical axial distance from the exit pupil of the optical system to the image plane when focusing on an infinite object, an optical axial distance from the lens surface provided with the infrared cut film to the image plane when focusing on the infinite distance object, the curvature radius of the lens surface provided with the infrared cut film, and a radius of a circle circumscribed about an effective imaging area of the image pickup element are appropriately set.

Abstract: Provided is an objective optical system composed of, in order from an object side, a first and a second groups, the first group including: a positive and single lens having a flat surface on an object side and a convex surface directed toward an image plane; a positive and single lens having a convex surface directed toward an object; a positive lens in which a convex lens having a flat surface directed toward the object and a negative lens are cemented, and the second group including: a lens in which a negative lens and a double-convex lens are cemented; a lens in which a lens having a concave surface directed toward the object and a lens having a convex surface directed toward the object are cemented; a negative lens in which a negative lens, a positive lens, and a negative lens are cemented; and a positive and compound lens.

Abstract: A microscope optical system includes a first lens group having a positive power, a second lens group, and a third lens group including a positive lens. The first lens group includes: a first lens component arranged closest to an object, the first lens component including a first meniscus lens that has a meniscus shape with a concave surface facing the object side; a second lens component having a positive power that has a meniscus lens shape with the concave surface facing the object side; and a cemented lens including a positive lens and a negative lens that is made of a higher-dispersion material than a material of the positive lens. When NA, ?G3, DG3i, DG23 represent a numerical aperture of the microscope optical system, a lateral magnification of the third lens group, a spacing between the third lens group and an image plane, a spacing between the second lens group and the third lens group, the microscope optical system satisfies the following conditional expressions: 0.25<NA?1.51 ??(1); 0.

Abstract: An image forming lens is formed by sequentially arranging, from an object side to an image side, a first lens group having positive refractive power, an aperture stop, a second lens group having positive refractive power, and a third lens group having positive or negative refractive power. When focusing is performed from a long distance to a short distance, the third lens group is fixed relative to an image surface, and the first lens group, the aperture stop, and the second lens group are moved integrally to the object side. In the image forming lens, the third lens group is formed by sequentially arranging, from the object side to the image side, two lenses in order of a negative lens and a positive lens, and a conditional expression is satisfied: 0.20<D/L3F-I<0.60, where D is an air space between the negative lens and the positive lens which form the third lens group, and L3F-I is a distance from an object-side surface of the negative lens of the third lens group to the image surface.

Abstract: An oblique-viewing objective optical system includes in order from an object side, a front-side lens group which includes a negative lens, an optical path converting element, an aperture stop, and a rear-side lens group having a positive refractive power, wherein the rear-side lens group includes a positive lens and a cemented lens having a positive refractive power, and the cemented lens includes in order from the object side a positive lens and a negative lens.

Abstract: An immersion microscope objective includes, a first lens group, a second lens group, and a third lens group, wherein the first lens group has a positive refractive power and includes a first cemented lens disposed nearest to the object side in the first lens group, the second lens group includes a second cemented lens, the third lens group includes a lens component that has a positive refractive power and changes a divergent light beam incident from the second lens group to a convergent light beam, two lens components that change the convergent light beam to a divergent light beam, and a lens component that has a positive refractive power and changes the divergent light beam to a parallel light beam and emits the parallel light beam, and the following conditional expressions (1) is satisfied: 60 mm2?d0×f×NAo?500 mm2??(1).

Abstract: An illumination module for a coordinate measuring machine for measuring a workpiece by means of an optical sensor, wherein the illumination module comprises a main body having a sensor side and a workpiece side, wherein the sensor side has a first interface device at least for the sensor-side coupling of the illumination module in a defined position, and wherein the illumination module comprises at least one illumination arrangement for illuminating the workpiece. Furthermore, the main body has the form of a ring having a free central region and an edge region, wherein the at least one illumination arrangement and the first interface device are arranged in the edge region.

Abstract: The invention relates to a high aperture immersion objective particularly for uses in confocal microscopes where oil is the immersion fluid, which objective is composed of three lenses and/or subsystems comprising lens groups. An apochromatic correction in a range from 365 to 900 nm is achieved at high resolving numeric apertures of 1.3 to 1.4 and an object field from 0.4 to 0.625 mm by the specification of the optical components. Additionally, the immersion objective has sufficiently good transparency up to a wavelength of 340 nm.

Abstract: A microscopy optoelectronic device for reconstructing a three-dimensional model of a sample, which can be connected to any PC in order to obtain three-dimensional surface micro-reliefs, includes a portable device body, having a casing and a frame supporting: a digital optical sensor; an optical group, coupled to the sensor including an objective lens directed towards a distal end of the device body, faceable towards the sample; a motor that translates the optical group and sensor with respect to said frame; a connector to connect the device body to an energy source and to a device that controls the position of the optical group and to transmit the digitalized images; and a light source that provides diffused lighting at the objective lens arranged to surround a front region with respect to the objective lens and also includes a luminescent and diffusing surface having a tubular portion coaxial to the optical group.

Abstract: An imaging system consisting of a cell-phone with camera as the detection part of an optical train which includes other components. Optionally, an illumination system to create controlled contrast in the sample. Uses include but are not limited to disease diagnosis, symptom analysis, and post-procedure monitoring, and other applications to humans, animals, and plants.

Abstract: An immersion objective for a light microscope with a first lens group including a first and second lenses, with a third lens arranged behind the first lens group, a first air gap between the first lens group and the third lens, with a second lens group behind the third lens and including fourth, fifth and sixth lenses, a second air gap formed the third lens and the second lens group, and a third lens group behind the second lens group including seventh, eighth and ninth lenses. Tenth, eleventh and twelfth lens are provided behind the third lens group. For correction of aberrations a fourth air gap is formed between the third lens group and the tenth lens, a fifth air gap is formed between the tenth lens and the eleventh lens and a sixth air gap is formed between the eleventh lens and the twelfth lens.

Abstract: A tube lens unit for microscopes with achromatically corrective effect for the use with objectives that image an object to infinity and that have achromatic residual errors. The tube lens unit includes of at least two lenses with the properties: nP<1.50 and vP<71 nN<1.66 and vN<37, wherein nP and nN signify the refractive index (ne) at a wavelength of 546 nm for a positive and negative lens respectively, and vP and vN signify the Abbe number (ve) at a wavelength of 546 nm for a positive and negative lens respectively, and the beam paths are characterized by the conditions: |?A|<0.60 and |?B|<0.30, wherein ?A signifies the variation of the aperture ray and ?B signifies the variation of the main ray while passing through the surfaces of the lenses.

Abstract: The invention relates to a ring illumination device (07) for a microscope objective (01), and a microscope objective (01) provided with such a ring illumination device (07). The ring illumination device (07) has at least two LED units (11) which are accommodated in an illumination ring (17) which can be connected to the microscope objective (01). According to the invention, the ring illumination device (07) has at least one lower entrance opening (08) and at least one upper outlet opening (09) for cooling air, for cooling the LED units (11).

Abstract: The adapter correcting for glass thickness includes an adapter main body, a plane parallel plate, and a retainer. The adapter main body includes an attacher/detacher capable of attaching and detaching with respect to an adapter connecter on the lens barrel; a tubular accommodator extending from the attacher/detacher toward the objective along an optical axis of the field lens; and a tongue provided on the attacher/detacher side of the accommodator. The plane parallel plate includes two mutually parallel flat surfaces and is inserted into the accommodator such that the two flat surfaces are orthogonal to the optical axis of the field lens. The retainer is attached to an end of the accommodator closest to the objective and holds the plane parallel plate between the retainer and the tongue. The accommodator is formed to have a tubular length sufficient to insert at least two plane parallel plates.

Abstract: An optical lens includes a lens member and two shade layers on opposite sides of the lens member. The lens member respectively has a lens portion on each side thereof. Each shade layer has an aperture above the corresponding lens portion of the lens member to serve the function of aperture. A method uses optical lithography technique to make such optical lens in a fast way, and the shade layers will have a strong bonding strength with the lens member.

Abstract: The invention is directed to correcting compound lens forms for 3rd and 5th order ray aberrations. All lens design forms have limiting aberrations. The proposed classes of lenses can be corrected for all 3rd and 5th order ray aberrations. The limiting aberrations are seventh order or higher. A variety of these lenses are disclosed here for the sake of example. These lens design forms can be used in various applications including the objective lens for an endoscope or other optical instrument.

Abstract: An immersion microscope objective includes, a first lens group having a positive refractive power, a second lens group having a positive refractive power, and a third lens group having a negative refractive power, wherein the first lens group includes a first lens surface and a second lens surface, the first lens surface is positioned nearest to the object side and the second lens surface is positioned on an image side of the first lens surface and nearest to the first lens surface, and the following conditional expression (1) is satisfied: ?3?(rG12/f)×(NAob/ndimm)2?1.7??(1) where rG12 denotes a radius of curvature at the second lens surface, f denotes a focal length of an entire system of the immersion microscope objective, NAob denotes an object-side numerical aperture of the immersion microscope objective, and ndimm denotes a refractive index of an immersion liquid for a d-line.

Abstract: An objective lens OL comprises: a first lens group G1 disposed on an object side, having positive refractive power as a whole and having a positive lens (plano-convex lens L1) which is disposed closest to the object and of which lens surface closest to the object is a plane or a surface having a low curvature, and at least one cemented lens (cemented lens CL12 or the like); a second lens group G2 disposed on an image side, having negative refractive power as a whole, and having a concave surface facing the image and a concave surface facing the object, which face each other; and a diffractive optical element GD in which two diffractive element constituents made from different optical materials are cemented, which has a diffractive optical surface D formed with diffraction grating grooves on the cemented surface, and which is disposed closer to the object than a position where a principal ray crosses the optical axis.

Abstract: An immersion microscope objective includes, a first lens group, a second lens group, and a third lens group, wherein the first lens group has a positive refractive power and includes a first cemented lens disposed nearest to the object side in the first lens group, the second lens group includes a second cemented lens, the third lens group includes a lens component that has a positive refractive power and changes a divergent light beam incident from the second lens group to a convergent light beam, two lens components that change the convergent light beam to a divergent light beam, and a lens component that has a positive refractive power and changes the divergent light beam to a parallel light beam and emits the parallel light beam, and the following conditional expressions (1) is satisfied: 60 mm2?d0×f×NAo?500 mm2??(1)

Abstract: An immersion microscope objective includes, in order from an object side, a first lens group having a positive refractive power, a second lens group, and a third lens group, wherein the first lens group changes a light beam from an object to a convergent light beam, the second lens group has a refractive power smaller than that of the first lens group, and the following conditional expression (1-1) is satisfied: 7.5 mm?NAo×d0??(1-1) where NAo denotes an object-side numerical aperture of the immersion microscope objective, and d0 denotes a working distance of the immersion microscope objective.

Abstract: The invention relates to a planapochromatically-corrected immersion microscope objective for high-resolution microscopy applications with changing dispersive immersion conditions, having a plurality of lenses and/or subsystems (T1, T2, T3) comprising lens groups and a corrective function (LA2) for eliminating spherical aberrations. According to the invention, the microscope objective has an additional corrective function (LA1) for eliminating longitudinal chromatic aberrations caused by dispersive changes in the immersion by changing the air gaps between the lenses or gap combinations, wherein the influence on the longitudinal chromatic aberration corresponds to a rotation of the curve s(?), which describes the color point (s) as a function of the wavelength (?).

Abstract: A microscope objective lens OL includes, in order from the object side: a first lens group G1 having a positive refractive power, a second lens group G2, and a third lens group G3 having a negative refractive power, wherein the first lens group G1 includes a positive lens component L1 having a lens surface with a negative refractive power and at least one cemented lens component CL11 having a positive refractive power, the second lens group G2 includes a diffractive optical element GD that joins two diffractive element components L6 and L7 respectively made from different optical materials and which has a diffractive optical surface D on which diffractive grating grooves are formed on the bonded surface of the two diffractive element components, and at least one cemented lens component CL21, and the third lens group G3 includes at least one achromatic lens component CL31.

Abstract: An imaging optical system includes a plurality of mirrors configured to image an object field in an object plane of the imaging optical system into an image field in an image plane of the imaging optical system. An illumination system includes such an imaging optical system. The transmission losses of the illumination system are relatively low.

Abstract: A microscope objective lens satisfies the following conditional expressions (1) and (2). 0.05<NA<0.4??(1) 3 mm<D/NA<50 mm??(2) where, NA denotes a numerical aperture on an object side of the microscope objective lens, and D denotes a total thickness of the microscope objective lens.

Abstract: An optical system includes a first optical group configured to form, at a first intermediate image plane, a first intermediate image of an object disposed at an object plane; a second optical group and a third optical group configured to form, at an image plane, a final image of the object based on the first intermediate image. The first optical group consists of a solid lens having a first surface and a concave second surface facing the first surface; the solid lens is configured to collect light originated at the object and to reflect thereinside at least twice the collected light. The second optical group includes at least one mangin mirror and the third optical group includes a plurality of lenses. The first, second and third optical groups can appropriately control axial chromatic aberration and Petzval curvature, so that imaging with high NA illumination may be performed.

Abstract: An immersion microscope objective includes a first lens group having a positive refractive power, a second lens group having a positive refractive power, and a third lens group having a negative refractive power. The first lens group includes a cemented lens of a positive lens and a meniscus lens, and at least one positive single lens, the second lens group changes a divergent light beam to a convergent light beam, and the third lens group includes an object-side lens group and an image-side lens group disposed concave surfaces are face-to-face sandwiching one air space. There is a plurality of lenses having a positive refractive power, and at least one lens having a positive refractive power out of the plurality of lenses having a positive refractive power has a cemented surface which is cemented to a lens having a negative refractive power.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for using in an imaging scanner. The apparatus includes a solid-state imager, an imaging lens assembly comprising a base lens and a MEMS lens, and an electric circuitry operative to transfer the image captured by the solid-state imager to a decoding circuitry. The imaging lens assembly is configured to focus light reflected from the target object onto the array of photosensitive elements in the solid-state imager by passing the light reflected from the target object through the base lens followed by the MEMS lens.