Abstract: A method of distributing data to a transducer array of an ultrasonic device, the transducer array including transduction elements arranged in module units, includes generating a data packet using an optical transceiver controlled by a controller, the data packet including activation instructions encoded in a first wavelength, transmitting the data packet from the controller to a target device via a signal in an optical fiber, the target device having a beam divider device, splitting the data signal, using the beam divider device, into a plurality of data streams, where each of the data streams carries the data packet in an identical phase, transmitting the data streams to the module units, and activating the transduction elements based on the received data streams.

Abstract: A memory includes a sequence of memory locations storing a corresponding sequence of state codes that specifying the shape of a waveform. The sequence of state codes is read from the memory and decoded by a long and toggle decoder circuit. The decoding operation generates a sequence of signal codes. When the state code is a long code, the sequence of signal codes includes same signal codes corresponding to a signal level of the waveform. When the state code is a toggle code, the sequence of signal codes includes a first signal code corresponding to one signal level of the waveform and a second signal code corresponding to another signal level of the waveform. A signal decode circuit then decodes the signal codes in the sequence of signal codes to generate the waveform for output which includes the signal levels corresponding to the decoded signal codes.

Abstract: An ultrasonic transceiver system includes a transmitter block, a receiver block, a state machine, and a computing unit. The transmitter block contains circuitry configured to drive an ultrasound transducer. The receiver block contains circuitry configured to receive signals from the ultrasound transducer and convert the signals into digital data. The state machine is coupled to the transmitter and receiver blocks and contains circuitry configured to act as a controller for those blocks. The computing unit is coupled to the transmitter block, the receiver block, and the state machine and is configured to drive the transmitter block and process data received from the receiver block by executing instructions of a program. The program memory is coupled to the computing unit and is configured to store the program. The computing unit is configured to be reprogrammed with one or more additional programs stored in the program memory.

Abstract: Systems and methods for monitoring organisms within an aquatic environment are described. According to one aspect, an injectable acoustic transmission device includes a body configured to be injected inside of an organism, a transducer within the body and configured to convert a plurality of electrical signals into a plurality of data transmissions which are transmitted externally of the body and the organism, a plurality of circuit components within the body and configured to use electrical energy from a power source to generate the electrical signals which are provided to the transducer, and wherein the transducer defines an internal volume and at least one of the circuit components is provided within the internal volume of the transducer.

Abstract: A system may include a processor. The processor may perform operations including receiving multiple light patterns from multiple wireless devices. The operations may also include determining a location for each of the multiple wireless devices based at least in part on the multiple light patterns. Moreover, the operations may include pairing a first wireless device of the multiple wireless devices to the processor based at least in part on the location for each of the multiple wireless devices.

Abstract: The system provides a method and apparatus for patient monitoring. In one embodiment, the system comprises beacons located in the patient environment. The beacons may be part of the Medical Internet of Things (MIOT). The patient has a medical wearable that includes fall detection and non-clinical medical monitoring within a geo-fencing perimeter to assure patient safety. The caregivers wear monitoring badges that identify the location, proximity, time management and resources spent for a patient. A central hub base station in the home coordinates and collects the information from the beacons, badges, and medical wearable to deliver information (e.g., via the cloud) for the management of the patient and the caregiver.

Abstract: A system is provided for imaging an underwater environment. The system includes a transducer assembly with at least one transmit transducer element and an array of receive transducer elements. Each receive transducer element is configured to receive sonar returns and form sonar return data. A sonar signal processor is configured to receive the sonar return data from each receive transducer element and generate sonar image data. The sonar return data from all of the receive transducer elements may be summed and used to form a high-definition 1D (e.g., time-based) sonar image. The sonar return data from only a subgroup may be summed and used to form a lower-definition 1D sonar image. In some systems, an array of series-connected transmit transducer elements can be used. The orientation of the emitting faces of the array may vary slightly to mimic a curved surface for increased beam coverage.

Abstract: An information transmission method, an information transmission apparatus, and a storage medium include encoding information to be transmitted to obtain an ultrasonic encoded signal; obtaining an ultrasonic transmission signal based on the ultrasonic encoded signal and an ultrasonic wake-up signal, the ultrasonic wake-up signal for waking up an ultrasonic receiver to decode the ultrasonic encoded signal; and transmitting the ultrasonic transmission signal to the ultrasonic receiver.

Abstract: Methods and systems for improved detection of audio transmissions are provided. In one embodiment, a method is provided that includes receiving an audio signal containing an audio transmission. The audio transmission may contain a predetermined portion that was initially generated based on an expected sequence of complex-valued signals. A real portion of the expected sequence of complex-valued signals may be compared to the received audio signal to identify a first portion of the received audio signal. A complex portion of the expected sequence may be compared to portions of the received audio signal near the first portion of the received audio signal to identify a second portion of the received audio signal. An arrival time of the audio transmission may be determined based on the second portion of the received audio signal.

Abstract: A system providing various improved perceptions techniques for haptic feedback above interactive surfaces that require no contact with either tools, attachments or the surface itself is described. A range of receptors in a perceiving member which is part of the human body is identified to create substantially uniformly perceivable feedback. A vibration frequency that is in the range of the receptors in the perceiving member is chosen and dynamically altered to create substantially uniformly perceivable feedback throughout the receiving member.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for systems and methods to provide a staggered multichannel transducer in a ranging system configured to perform remote sensing. The staggered multichannel transducer may extend in a first direction and one or more transducer elements of the array may offset from the other transducer elements in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. The staggered arrangement of the transducer elements may improve remote sensing performance to produce accurate remote sensing data and/or imagery. The staggered arrangement also may reduce a number of transducer elements used in the transducer array which reduce the cost and complexity of the transducer array. Further, the staggered arrangement in a linear transducer array also allows for two-dimensional beam forming.

Abstract: An optical connection identification assembly includes first and second connectors for conveying optical signals within and away from the optical connection identification assembly, first and second optical filters configured for conveying optical signals to and from the respective first and second connectors and between each other, and first and second photodiodes. The first photodiode is configured for receiving optical signals from the first optical filter to confirm the optical connection identification assembly is receiving optical signals. The second photodiode is configured for receiving optical signals from the second optical filter to confirm the optical connection identification assembly is receiving optical signals. The first and the second connectors are on opposite sides of each of the first and the second optical filters and each of the first and the second photodiodes.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a localization method for locating a target that is coupled with a locator transponder associated with a permanent identification code permanently assigned to said locator transponder; the localization method comprising: upon reception of a user request for locating the target, transmitting, by a paging system or by a radar-based system, a spread spectrum paging signal carrying the permanent identification code and a temporary identification code temporarily assigned to the locator transponder, wherein said temporary identification code is shorter than said permanent identification code; receiving, by the locator transponder, the spread spectrum paging signal and extracting, by said locator transponder, the temporary identification code carried by said spread spectrum paging signal received; transmitting, by the radar-based system, radar signals towards one or more areas of earth's surface or sky, and receiving, by said radar-based system, echo signals from said one or more area

Abstract: An ultrasonic transmitter system includes a digital controller, bandpass pulse-width modulator (BP-PWM) unit, a digital to analog converter (DAC), and an ultrasound transducer. The controller generates pulse width and phase reference signals. The BP-PWM configured receives these signals generates a pulse width modulation (PWM) output characterized by a pulse width and a phase based on the pulse width and phase reference signals. The DAC) receives the PWM output from the BP-PWM unit and generates an output characterized by the pulse width and phase. The ultrasonic transducer receives the output from the DAC and generates an output sound pressure in response to the output from the DAC. An amplitude of the RMS sound pressure depends on the pulse width of the output from the DAC.

Abstract: An acoustic-electric transducer includes a connection part that has a first connection point able to contact a first contact in a terminal for processing the electrical signal, and a second connection point able to contact a second contact having a potential lower than the potential of the first contact, a microphone that transduces a sound inputted from an external source into an electrical signal, a changeover switch that switches between a non-mute state where the electrical signal is outputted to the terminal and a mute state where the electrical signal is not outputted to the terminal, and a current control circuit that makes a current flow between the first contact and the second contact until a predetermined time passes from the time when the connection part is connected to the terminal and reduces the current flowing between the first contact and the second contact after the predetermined time passes, the current control circuit being provided between the changeover switch and the connection part.

Abstract: Provided is an electronic device for providing somatic senses based on content. The electronic device includes: a processor configured to generate an ultrasound driving signal for evoking somatic senses corresponding to somatosensory data by stimulating a certain region of the brain of a user; and a communication interface configured to transmit the generated ultrasound driving signal to an external device, wherein the somatosensory data corresponds to the content.

Abstract: A resonance tube of a horn according to one aspect of the present invention includes a first resonance tube and a second resonance tube branching from the first resonance tube at a branching portion. The first resonance tube is a resonance tube that resonates with a first sound contained in a chord generated by a diaphragm. The first resonance tube includes: an input opening surface to which the chord is input; and a first opening surface from which the first sound is output. The second resonance tube is a resonance tube that resonates with a second sound contained in the chord. The second resonance tube includes a second opening surface from which the second sound is output. The second opening surface is displaced from the first opening surface in a normal direction K1.

Abstract: The present invention provides a high temperature chemical solution supply system for cleaning substrates. The system includes a solution tank, a buffer tank, a first pump and a second pump. The solution tank contains high temperature chemical solution. The buffer tank has a tank body, a vent line and a needle valve. The tank body contains the high temperature chemical solution. An end of the vent line connects to the tank body, and the other end of the vent line connects to the solution tank. The needle valve is mounted on the vent line, wherein the needle valve is adjusted to reach a flow rate to vent gas bubbles inside of the high temperature chemical solution out of the buffer tank through the vent line. An inlet of the first pump connects to the solution tank, and an outlet of the first pump connects to the buffer tank. An inlet of the second pump connects to the buffer tank, and an outlet of the second pump connects to a cleaning chamber in which a substrate is cleaned.

Abstract: An input device for a vehicle that performs input for operating a user interface (UI) displayed by a display disposed in a vehicle includes: a touch sensor that receives a touch input by a user; and a controller that selects, when the touch input into the touch sensor is a touch with a plurality of fingers or a plurality of taps, a region corresponding to the count of touches with the fingers or the count of taps, from among a plurality of regions displayed by the display.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods are provided for applying ultrasound pulses into tissue or a medium in which the peak negative pressure (P?) of one or more negative half cycle(s) of the ultrasound pulses exceed(s) an intrinsic threshold of the tissue or medium, to directly form a dense bubble cloud in the tissue or medium without shock-scattering. In one embodiment, a microtripsy method of Histotripsy therapy comprises delivering an ultrasound pulse from an ultrasound therapy transducer into tissue, the ultrasound pulse having at least a portion of a peak negative pressure half-cycle that exceeds an intrinsic threshold in the tissue to produce a bubble cloud of at least one bubble in the tissue, and generating a lesion in the tissue with the bubble cloud. The intrinsic threshold can vary depending on the type of tissue to be treated. In some embodiments, the intrinsic threshold in tissue can range from 15-30 MPa.

Abstract: A sound producing apparatus is provided. The sound producing apparatus includes a driving circuit, configured to generate a driving signal according to an input audio signal; and a sound producing device; wherein the sound producing device is driven by the driving signal, such that the sound producing device produces a plurality of air pulses at an air pulse rate, the air pulse rate is higher than a maximum human audible frequency; wherein the plurality of air pulses produces a non-zero offset in terms of sound pressure level, and the non-zero offset is a deviation from a zero sound pressure level; wherein the driving signal driving the sound producing device to produce the plurality of air pulses, is unipolar with respect to a first voltage.

Abstract: A new acoustic tag and process are disclosed for identifying and tracking underwater hosts in up to three dimensions. The acoustic tag has an operation lifetime up to a year or longer at a pulse rate interval of about 15 seconds. The acoustic tag has a signal detection range up to at least about 500 meters that enhances detection probability.

Abstract: Modern living involves using a significant amount of energy, much of which may be wasted or not used efficiently. This apparatus and methodology focuses on potentially wasted energy that is being produced by ambient vibration. Bi-modal broad band energy and/or specific frequency harvester/scavengers utilize the physics of local resonance in acousto-elastic metamaterials (AEMM structures). Frequency selectivity of a harvester depends on the mass of a core resonator, soft material that houses the central mass/resonator, and the base material which is used to manufacture the metamaterial. Piezoelectric materials are known to produce electrical current when they are deformed mechanically. Ambient energy is available in the form of vibration and noise, e.g. car vibration, acoustic noise from heavy machineries, vibration from rails, which is lost, if not otherwise harvested.

Abstract: Systems and methods for monitoring organisms within an aquatic environment are described. According to one aspect, an injectable acoustic transmission device includes a body configured to be injected inside of an organism, a transducer within the body and configured to convert a plurality of electrical signals into a plurality of data transmissions which are transmitted externally of the body and the organism, a plurality of circuit components within the body and configured to use electrical energy from a power source to generate the electrical signals which are provided to the transducer, and wherein the transducer defines an internal volume and at least one of the circuit components is provided within the internal volume of the transducer.

Abstract: A front-end part (12) for a motor vehicle (10) has an inlet opening (14) for the introduction of headwind. An air duct adjoins the inlet opening (14) for supplying the headwind to a radiator and/or to an air conditioning device. An air-directing element (16) directs the headwind into the air duct. A sound generator (18) outputs an acoustic signal along a sound path. The air-directing element (16) at least partially covers the sound generator (18) in the sound path. The air-direction element (16) has a textile material that is sound-permeable for the acoustic signal of the sound generator. The textile material conducts headwind away and also covers the sound generator (18) without significantly affecting the perception of the acoustic signal. Therefore, a simple design of a front-end part (12) for a motor vehicle (10) is provided with a small number of components.

Abstract: An information terminal including circuitry configured to acquire, using a plurality of function modules, identification data unique to each positioning devices, from sound waves output, respectively, from the plurality of positioning devices; acquire site information of a corresponding site being one of a plurality of sites in each of which at least one positioning device is placed, from an information processing apparatus that manages, for each site, the site information that includes specifying information for specifying one of the plurality of function modules capable of executing predetermined processing on the corresponding site corresponding to a position of the information terminal; and cause the function module specified by the specifying information to execute the predetermined processing. The plurality of function modules is configured to acquire the identification data in different schemes from each other and execute the predetermined processing.

Abstract: A device and method is described for electronic human prosthetics, and specifically a skull- and/or spine implantable bi-directional neural-communication/brain-machine interface (BBMI) device where the input, output and on-board computing are combined into a single unit to form a compact neuro-prosthetics device. This invention is also directed to a fully implantable wireless spinal electronic recording and stimulation system using the BBMI in a human. The bi-directional devices (BBMIs) communicate with other bi-directional brain-machine interface devices (BBMI) and/or with external controllers wirelessly. The compact implantable stimulator has ultrasonic secondary battery charging system. One or more BBMI can be wirelessly connected so that a closed loop of BBMIs, or a BBMI and an external controller, can wirelessly send trigger pulses to this fully implanted stimulator over the spinal cord.

Abstract: Aspects of the technology described herein relate to ultrasound device circuitry as may form part of a single substrate ultrasound device having integrated ultrasonic transducers. The ultrasound device circuitry may facilitate the generation of ultrasound waveforms in a manner that is power- and data-efficient.

Abstract: An intracardiac imaging system has an intracardiac echography catheter with an internal volume, a proximal end and a distal end. The catheter includes an atraumatic tip disposed on the distal end of the catheter, a pair of inductively coupled coils proximal the atraumatic tip, at least one CMUT on CMOS volumetric imaging chip disposed between the pair of coils, and a cable lumen disposed within the volume and configured to small number of electrical connections due to significant multiplexing in the CMUT on CMOS chip. The catheter can be made of MRI compatible materials and can include active cooling channels. The CMUT on CMOS chip has a plurality of Tx elements transmitting imaging pulses, a plurality of Rx elements, disposed on the chip to have a large aperture and a plurality of electronics interfacing with the Tx elements for beamforming and the Rx elements to produce radio frequency output signals.

Abstract: The invention provides devices and methods for using acoustics to communicate between a macro-scale transceiver and a micro-device or between multiple micro-devices. The micro-devices may passively scatter sound from a transceiver or actively generate sound. Acoustic waves can also provide power to a micro-device.

Abstract: A Boltzmann machine circuit includes: a plurality of circuits each circuit configured to add one or more first values based on one or more outputs of one or more circuits which are included in the plurality of circuits and are other than the circuit and convert an addition result into an analog signal, compare the analog signal with a second value, and output a comparison result; a plurality of arithmetic circuits configured to multiply the respective comparison results by respective weight values and generate the first values; and a control circuit configured to amplify an amplitude of the analog signal generated by each of the plurality of circuits.

Abstract: A linear-thermal-sensor testing system has a signal generator and a reflection analyzer. The signal generator generates a series of damped sinusoidal impulse signals each of a different frequency, and transmits the damped sinusoidal impulse signals to a first end of the linear thermal sensor. The linear thermal sensor generates a reflection signal corresponding to each of series the damped sinusoidal impulse signals at a plurality of electrical discontinuities in the linear thermal sensing array. The reflection analyzer receives a reflection signal from the first end of the linear thermal sensor. The reflection signal has indicia of electrical properties and locations within the linear thermal sensor for each of the plurality of electrical discontinuities. The reflection analyzer calculates the electrical properties and the locations within the linear thermal sensor based on the indicia of the received reflection signal.

Abstract: An actuator in a HVAC system includes a housing, a mechanical transducer, and an input connection configured to receive a voltage signal having a power supply line voltage. The actuator includes a voltage divider circuit having a capacitor disposed in series between the input connection and the mechanical transducer. The capacitor has a capacitance value based on an electrical impedance of the mechanical transducer. The voltage divider circuit is configured to receive the line voltage from the input connection, to use the capacitor to reduce the line voltage to a reduced voltage, and to provide the reduced voltage to the mechanical transducer.

Abstract: A device voltage shifter includes a first voltage reference node, a second voltage reference node, an output node and a clamp node. A first high-voltage switching transistor of the voltage shifter has a first conduction terminal coupled to the first voltage reference node and a second conduction terminal coupled to the clamp node. A second high-voltage switching transistor of the voltage shifter has a first conduction terminal coupled to the clamp node and a second conduction terminal coupled to the second voltage reference node. A third high-voltage switching transistor of the voltage shifter has a first conduction terminal coupled to the first voltage reference node, a control terminal coupled to the clamp node, and a second conduction terminal coupled to the output node. A voltage regulator of the voltage shifter is coupled between the output node and the clamp node.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention include improved radiofrequency (RF) pulse amplifier systems that incorporate an energy array comprising multiple capacitors connected in parallel. The energy array extends the maximum length of pulses and the maximum achievable peak power output of the amplifier when compared to similar systems. Embodiments also include systems comprising the amplifier configured to drive a load, wherein the load may include one or more ultrasound (e.g., piezoelectric) transducers Related methods of using the amplifier are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an ultrasound probe (60) comprising: an ultrasound transducer (12) having an emission surface (24) for generating ultrasound waves, and an acoustical lens (12) with a first part (64) having an inner surface (66) facing the emission surface (24), wherein the inner surface (64) comprises a plurality of protrusions (74) and/or recesses (76) for scattering reflections of ultrasound waves.

Abstract: The present invention provides an audio-data transmission system including a channel encoder, a data modulator and a speaker. The channel encoder is utilized to receive and encode a bit signal and generates an encoding signal. The data modulator is utilized to receive the encoding signal and modulates it to an audio signal whose frequency is on a frequency band. The audio signal includes at least four different sub-audio signals. The frequency band includes at least four sub-frequency bands with different frequencies. The frequencies of the at least four sub-audio signals are respectively on the at least four sub-frequency bands. The speaker is utilized to transmit the audio signal including the at least four different sub-audio signals.

Abstract: Electronic devices and accessories such as headsets for electronic devices are provided. A microphone may be included in an accessory to capture sound for an associated electronic device. Buttons and other user interfaces may be included in the accessories. An accessory may have an audio plug that connects to a mating audio jack in an electronic device, thereby establishing a wired communications link between the accessory and the electronic device. The electronic device may include power supply circuitry for applying bias voltages to the accessory. The bias voltages may bias a microphone and may adjust settings in the accessory such as settings related to operating modes. User input information may be conveyed between the accessory and the electronic device using ultrasonic tone transmission. The electronic device may also gather input from the accessory using a voltage detector coupled to lines in the communications path.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device and method for generating noise for a motor vehicle, having at least one sensing unit (101), which is designed to measure at least one operating signal (11) of the motor vehicle and to forward a basic signal (12) on the basis thereof to a tuning unit (102), wherein the tuning unit (102) is designed to convert the basic signal (12) by means of filtering and acoustic shaping to form a noise signal (13) and to forward the noise signal (13) to an amplifier unit (103), wherein the amplifier unit (103) is designed to amplify the noise signal (13) and to forward an amplified noise signal (14) to a converter unit (104), and wherein the converter unit (104) is designed to convert the amplified noise signal (14) into corresponding acoustic signals in order to generate noise.

Abstract: A problem is to increase possibility of extracting data from sound in a system which transmits data using the sound as a transmission medium. Frames are transmitted while shifting the transmission timing among a plurality of frequency bands, whereby tolerance for multipath fading, noise mixing, or the like is obtained and improvement of a substantial transmission rate can be expected compared to a case where one frame is transmitted using only one frequency band. When selecting blocks forming a frame, since a block is selected under a condition that a time period necessary for collecting sound, on which the blocks to be selected are superimposed, becomes shorter, even if a phenomenon, in which a substantial rate of data transmission decreases, occurs, it becomes possible to suppress a decrease in rate.

Abstract: A sound focusing mechanism for generating a focused source of sound, which can be used to identify the transmission loss of an object or identify areas of acoustic or thermal leakage is disclosed. The sound focusing mechanism includes a housing having at least one wall formed from a material having high sound insulating properties. A sound generating device for generating a sound is located with a central cavity within the housing. An actuator assembly is operatively connected to the sound generating device for selectively operating the sound generating device for selectively operating the sound generating device. The wall is configured to limit the transmission of the sound there through such that a focused beam or pulse sound is emitted from the mechanism through the opening.

Abstract: Provided are a method, a device and the like for driving a capacitance transducer that enable reduction of transmission sound pressure variation caused by variation in characteristics of a capacitance transducer used for, e.g., an ultrasound conversion element. A method for driving a capacitance transducer including a plurality of elements each including cells each having a structure in which a vibration membrane including one electrode of a pair of electrodes formed with a cavity therebetween is supported in such a manner that the vibration membrane can vibrate is provided.

Abstract: In various implementations, a method for stimulating a downhole rock formation may include propagating pressure waves into the downhole rock formation and deforming the downhole rock formation via the pressure waves. An apparatus for stimulating a downhole rock formation to enhance hydrocarbon recovery may include an acoustic assembly that emits pressure waves, the acoustic assembly having a first end and a second end; a mass coupled with the first end; and a transmission component coupled with the second end. The transmission component may be configured to transmit the emitted pressure waves into the downhole rock formation to deform the downhole rock formation. A system for stimulating a downhole rock formation to enhance hydrocarbon recovery may include at least one acoustic assembly configured to emit pressure waves and transmit the emitted pressure waves into the downhole rock formation to deform the downhole rock formation.

Abstract: in various implementations, a field-deployable system may include an array of two or more acoustic transducers arranged to propagate pressure waves through a hydrocarbon fluid medium. A method of stimulating a hydrocarbon fluid medium may include propagating pressure waves through the hydrocarbon fluid medium. The pressure waves may have an ultrasonic frequency and an amplitude sufficient to induce acoustic cavitation in the hydrocarbon fluid medium. A method of stimulating a solvent fluid medium may include propagating pressure waves through the solvent fluid medium, and inducing acoustic cavitation in the medium via the pressure waves. The acoustic cavitation may form a microjet that impinges a proximate solid surface to substantially remove hydrocarbon residue. An acoustic transducer may be configured to propagate pressure waves through a hydrocarbon fluid medium. The pressure waves may have an ultrasonic frequency and an amplitude sufficient to induce acoustic cavitation in the hydrocarbon fluid medium.

Abstract: Ultrasonic signals are used to transmit sounds from a modulated ultrasonic generator to other locations from which the sounds appear to emanate. In particular, an ultrasonic carrier is modulated with an audio signal and demodulated on passage through the atmosphere. The carrier frequencies are substantially higher than those of prior systems, e.g., at least 60 kHz, and the modulation products thus have frequencies which are well above the audible range of humans; as a result, these signals are likely harmless to individuals who are within the ultrasonic fields of the system. The signals may be steered to moving locations, and various measures are taken to minimize distortion and maximize efficiency.

Abstract: A system and method for resolving and/or mechanically manipulating molecular bonds. A method for resolving molecular bonds includes applying ultrasound to molecules to be manipulated. A magnetic signal associated with the molecules is measured. Whether ultrasound causes dissolution of the bonds of the molecules is determined based on measurements of the magnetic signal.

Abstract: Disclosed are an apparatus for transmitting positioning signals, a method for indoor positioning based on the positioning signals, and an apparatus for performing the same. The method comprises receiving a plurality of acoustic or ultrasonic waves; measuring strengths of the received plurality of acoustic or ultrasonic waves; identifying frequencies of the received plurality of acoustic waves or ultrasonic waves; and performing positioning based on the measured strengths and the identified frequencies of the received plurality of acoustic waves or ultrasonic waves. Accordingly, positioning can be easily performed without additional separate hardware configurations, and positioning accuracy suitable for indoor positioning services can be achieved.

Abstract: An electrical waveform generating circuit has a pair of Pulse Amplitude Controlled Switching Current Sources (PACS). A gate pulse driver circuit is coupled to an input of each of the pair of PACS for sending gate pulses for driving the pair of PACS. A digital-to-analog converter (DAC) circuit is coupled to the gate pulse driver circuit for controlling amplitudes of the gate pulses. A transducer is coupled to the PACS.

Abstract: Electronic devices and accessories such as headsets for electronic devices are provided. A microphone may be included in an accessory to capture sound for an associated electronic device. Buttons and other user interfaces may be included in the accessories. An accessory may have an audio plug that connects to a mating audio jack in an electronic device, thereby establishing a wired communications link between the accessory and the electronic device. The electronic device may include power supply circuitry for applying bias voltages to the accessory. The bias voltages may bias a microphone and may adjust settings in the accessory such as settings related to operating modes. User input information may be conveyed between the accessory and the electronic device using ultrasonic tone transmission. The electronic device may also gather input from the accessory using a voltage detector coupled to lines in the communications path.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a wireless communication system and a method thereof. The wireless communication system comprises a signal encoding module for encoding a preset high-frequency audio signal frequency according to a preset encoding rule, and creating an encoding library for storing the code; a signal sampling module for sampling a high-frequency audio signal produced by a high-frequency audio signal generating device; a signal transformation module for performing Fourier transformation on the sampled audio signal firstly to transform the audio signal into frequencies, acquiring a main frequency from the transformed frequencies, and storing the acquired main frequency; a signal decoding module for decoding the main frequency into a preset code according to the code in the library; and an output module for outputting the decoded code. The wireless communication system and the method of the present invention do not need hardware supports, thereby reducing the cost.