Abstract: In various implementations, a method of managing transactions in a distributed ledger is performed by a first network node that is configured to maintain a distributed ledger in coordination with a plurality of network nodes. In various implementations, the first network node includes a processor, a non-transitory memory, and a network interface. In various implementations, the method includes synchronizing a first clock of the first network node with respective clocks maintained by one or more of the plurality of network nodes. In various implementations, the method includes obtaining a transaction indicator including respective transaction data. For example, in some implementations, the method includes receiving a transaction request from a client device. In various implementations, the method includes synthesizing, by the first network node, a timestamp for the transaction based on the first clock.

Abstract: Methods and systems for communicating in a wireless network may distinguish different types of packet structures by modifying the phase of a modulation constellation, such as a binary phase shift keying (BPSK) constellation, in a signal field. Receiving devices may identify the type of packet structure associated with a transmission or whether the signal field is present by the phase of the modulation constellation used for mapping for the signal field. In one embodiment, the phase of the modulation constellation may be determined by examining the energy of the I and Q components after Fast Fourier Transform. Various specific embodiments and variations are also disclosed.

Abstract: A time synchronization method in a wireless sensor network, a low power routing method using a reservation scheme, and an apparatus for performing the method are provided. The time synchronization method in the wireless sensor network may include: receiving a first synchronization request command packet from a parent node that manages time synchronization for a predetermined synchronization region; receiving, from the parent node, a second synchronization request command packet that has a transmission timestamp value of the first synchronization request command packet; and performing time synchronization for a child node based on a reception time of the first synchronization request command packet, a reception time of the second synchronization request command packet, and the transmission timestamp value of the first synchronization request command packet.

Abstract: Multi-bit data signals are digitally switched between input and output endpoints for simultaneously interconnecting various sets of inputs and output endpoints. Single input may send data to single endpoint, or single input may send data to multiple output endpoints. Multiple bitwidth (b) data is serialized to single bitwidth at high data rate using N-by-1 multiplexer. Loadable barrel shifters shift serial data, so same data is used by multiple output endpoints at different times.

Abstract: The inventive control logic provides the selection signals for a bi-endian rotator MUX. The logic determines the starting point for the data transfer by determining which input register byte is going to Byte 0 of the output register. The control logic passes the starting point to single decoder. The decoded value is then sent to a plurality of MUXs, one for each of the output register bytes. Each of the MUXs is prewired to receive a portion of bits of the decoded value, and the portion is arranged in a particular order. The MUXs then send their respective outputs to the rotator MUX as selection control signals.

Abstract: A distributed system with an architecture based on synchronized clocks that provides accurate coordination of control functions. The distributed system includes a set of nodes coupled to a communication link. Each node has a clock which holds a real-world time. The nodes participate in a synchronization protocol on the communication link for synchronizing the real-world time in each clock. The architecture of the distributed system is such that the synchronization of control functionality in the distributed system is based upon the real-world time in the clocks. A variety of examples of applications for this architecture are set forth.

Abstract: A method and corresponding apparatus (10) for generating a pseudo-random number. The method has steps of generating a first bit stream from a number generator (16, 35), combining a predetermined number with the first bit stream to provide a second bit stream and feeding the second bit stream into a feedback port (32) of the number generator (16, 35).