Abstract: An embodiment optical body is provided in a propagation path of light between a Si waveguide and an optical fiber. The optical body changes a course of some of radiation mode light, which is emitted from the Si waveguide and propagates in a direction away from an optical axis thereof, to obtain waveguide mode light passing through itself. Thus, the amount of waveguide mode light incident on the optical fiber increases, and the coupling efficiency between the Si waveguide and the optical fiber is improved.

Abstract: An augmented reality or virtual reality display device is disclosed. A first input grating (6; 106; 306; 406; 506) is provided on a waveguide assembly to receive light from a first projector (2; 102; 202; 302; 402; 502) and to couple the light into the at least one waveguide. A second input grating (116; 316; 416; 516) is provided to receive light from a second projector (12; 112; 212; 312; 412; 512) and couple the light into the at least one waveguide. An output diffractive optical element couples light out of the at least one waveguide towards a notional viewing position. The first projector provides light to the first input diffractive optical element in a direction that is at a first angle to a waveguide normal vector, and the second projector is configured to provide light to the second input diffractive optical element in a direction that is at a second angle to the waveguide normal vector.

Abstract: Virtual reality (VR) displays are computer displays that present images or video in a manner that simulates a real experience for the viewer. In many cases, VR displays are implemented as head-mounted displays (HMDs) which provide a display in the line of sight of the user. Because current HMDs are composed of a display panel and magnifying lens with a gap therebetween, proper functioning of the HMDs limits their design to a box-like form factor, thereby negatively impacting both comfort and aesthetics. The present disclosure provides a different configuration for a VR display which allows for improved comfort and aesthetics, including specifically at least one coherent light source, at least one pupil replicating waveguide coupled to the at least one coherent light source to receive light therefrom, and at least one spatial light modulator coupled to the at least one pupil replicating waveguide to modulate the light.

Abstract: In various embodiments, the beam parameter product and/or beam shape of a laser beam is adjusted by coupling the laser beam into an optical fiber of a fiber bundle and directing the laser beam onto one or more in-coupling locations on the input end of the optical fiber. The beam emitted at the output end of the optical fiber may be utilized to process a workpiece.

Abstract: Optical structures, including thin film designs and components with topography, are provided that achieve significantly improved laser damage thresholds and/or ultra-low-loss. These advances may be achieved by utilizing a bulk window including a material having a band gap that is at least 5.0 eV and a thickness. The bulk window can be configured to increase the laser induced damage threshold of the underlying optical structure.

Abstract: There is provided an optical signal processing device capable of RC in a complex space using optical intensity and phase information. An optical modulator controlled by an electric signal processing circuit modulates laser light, which is emitted from a laser light source, at a modulation period either or both of the intensity and phase values of the optical electric field. On the other hand, an input signal is also modulated by the optical modulator at a modulation period in the time domain so as to be an input signal. The converted input signal passes through an optical transmission path and enters an optical circulation circuit via an optical coupler. Part of the circulating light is branched into two by an optical coupler, and the branched light is converted into a complex intermediate signal at a coherent optical receiver. This complex intermediate signal demodulated at the coherent optical receiver is computed at an electric signal processing circuit, and thereby the operation as RC can be performed.

Abstract: A structure for coupling an optical signal between an integrated circuit photonic structure and an external optical fiber is disclosed as in a method of formation. The coupling structure is sloped relative to a horizontal surface of the photonic structure such that light entering or leaving the photonic structure is substantially normal to its upper surface.

Abstract: A display device including a display panel has a folding portion, a metal layer disposed on one surface of the display panel, and including a first metal layer and a second metal layer spaced apart from each other in the folding portion, a first adhesive layer disposed at edges of the first metal layer and the second metal layer, and a first compressible member disposed on the first metal layer and a second compressible member disposed on the second metal layer, the first and second compressible members being disposed closer to the folding portion than the first adhesive layer, in which the first and second compressible members each have a thickness greater than a thickness of the first adhesive layer.

Abstract: A light coupling unit for use in an optical connector includes a waveguide alignment member that receives and aligns at least one optical waveguide. The light coupling unit includes a light redirecting member that has an input surface configured to receive input light from the end face of the optical wave guide. A curved reflective surface of the light redirecting member receives light from the input surface propagating along an input axis and redirects the light such that the redirected light propagates along a different redirected axis. An output surface of the light redirecting member receives the redirected light and transmits the redirected light as output light propagating along an output axis and exiting the light redirecting member. A curved intersection of the curved reflective surface and a first plane formed by the input and redirected axes has a radius of curvature. The curved reflective surface has an axis of revolution disposed in the first plane.

Abstract: The concentration measurement device 100 includes an electric unit 20 having a light source 22 and a photodetector 24, a fluid unit 10 having a measurement cell 1, optical fibers 11 and 12 for connecting the electric unit 20 and the fluid unit 10 and is configured to measure the concentration of the fluid in the measurement cell by detecting the light incident from the light source 22 to the measurement cell and then emitted from the measurement cell by the photodetector 24, where optical connection parts 32 and 34 connected to the optical fibers 11, 12 and the light source 22 or the photodetector 24 are integrally provided in the electric unit 20.

Abstract: Variable optical attenuator assisted control of optical devices is provided. A device comprises: an uncooled laser and ring resonator modulator, an optical waveguide configured convey an optical signal of the laser from an input to an output, a heater that heats the ring resonator modulator, a variable optical attenuator that attenuates the optical signal on the optical waveguide, one or more power monitors and a controller. The controller is configured to: in response to determining that one or more of: heater power overhead is unavailable to reduce heater power for laser wavelength tracking; and the heater power is at or below a given lower heater power; and determining that that laser current is increased to assist with ring resonator modulator control for the laser wavelength tracking: control, using the one or more power monitors, attenuation of the VOA to control the output power into a target output power range.

Abstract: Systems and method for eye tracking are provided. In some embodiments, the eye tracking system includes a light source configured to generate light and project the light toward an object in a field of view, a detector configured to receive reflected portions of the light from the field of view in order to image the object, and a combiner including a volume grating configured to direct light reflected from different points in a field of view to the light detector. The volume grating includes a plurality of portions along a first area and each of the portions comprising a unique k-vector that is dependent on a respective portion of the field of view.

Abstract: An optical waveguide substrate includes: a substrate; a clad disposed on a plane of the substrate and made of a transparent material; and a plurality of cores that are surrounded by the clad, extend in parallel with the plane of the substrate and are made of a transparent material having a refractive index different from a refractive index of the clad, the cores including at least a pair of cores with diameters different from each other. The cores are provided at positions where centers of sections of the cores are all positioned in a straight line.

Abstract: A light source with a linear appearance is provided. The light source has a flexible light guide that has a homogeneous light emission with high luminance and a emitting light guide. The light emitting guide has a core, in which at least one soul extends, and a transparent cladding that surrounds the core. The core and the cladding are formed from transparent plastic. The core has a higher index of refraction than the cladding. The soul is light-deflecting, light-reflecting, or light-scattering so as to scatter light guided in the light guide and to emit the light through the cladding toward the outside. The soul has a scattering length that is at most twice as large as a maximum cross-sectional dimension of the soul.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to systems and methods relating to the fabrication of light guide elements. An example system includes an optical component configured to direct light emitted by a light source to illuminate a photoresist material at one or more desired angles so as to expose an angled structure in the photoresist material. The photoresist material overlays at least a portion of a first surface of a substrate. The optical component includes a container containing a light-coupling material that is selected based in part on the one or more desired angles. The system also includes a reflective surface arranged to reflect at least a first portion of the emitted light to illuminate the photoresist material at the one or more desired angles.

Abstract: A cart or man-portable system and method for performing endoscopic procedures is provided. A portable display device, such as a laptop computer, is coupled to a handle comprising a miniature camera and fiber optic illumination subsystem. A sterile disposable portion is fitted over the illumination subsystem and inserted into a target area on a patient. Images of the target area are conveyed from the camera to the display device while an endoscopic procedure is performed, thus facilitating real-time diagnosis during the procedure.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the optoelectronic component comprises a first emission zone, which emits electromagnetic radiation during operation. Furthermore, the component comprises an optical waveguide with an entrance side facing the first emission zone, a distribution element and with output coupling structures on a side of the distribution element facing away from the first emission zone. The optical waveguide is a simply connected solid body. In a top view of the side of the optical waveguide facing away from the first emission zone, the distribution element completely covers the first emission zone. The output coupling structures are individual, spaced-apart elevations, each of which extends away from the distribution element and comprises an output coupling surface at an end facing away from the distribution element. A structure that is nontransmissive to the radiation of the first emission zone is arranged on the optical waveguide in the region between the output coupling structures.

Abstract: One piece, multifunctional window assemblies for use in vehicles, equipment, or structures and methods for making them is provided. The disclosed window assembly can include a protection panel and a structural panel each formed of a plurality of nanolaminated layers. The nanolaminated window assembly is self-supporting and does not need a frame. For particular applications, such as in an aircraft, the one piece, multifunctional, nanolaminated window can be directly attached to the fuselage to provide load bearing capability, a larger window area, impact protection, ice buildup prevention, and/or electromagnetic effect protection.

Abstract: A photovoltaic (“PV”) module may comprise an array of freeform micro-optics and an array of PV cells. The PV module may be a flat panel with a nominal thickness smaller than the length and width of the flat panel. An array of lenses may be embedded in an array substrate. The lenses may be coupled to light pipes. The lenses may concentrate light through the light pipes to multi-junction cells. Diffuse light may be transferred through the array substrate to a silicon cell. The lenses and light pipes may be manufactured using a molding and drawing process.

Abstract: An adapter to add optical stimulation to a stimulation system includes an adapter body and a connector disposed on the distal end of the adapter body. The connector includes a connector body defining a port and a connector lumen; connector contacts disposed in the connector body and arranged along the connector lumen; and a light source disposed in the connector body. The adapter also includes terminals disposed along the proximal end of the adapter body and conductors extending along the adapter body and electrically coupling the connector contacts and the light source to the terminals. The adapter may be used with an optical stylet that fits into a stimulation lead which is, in turn, coupled to the connector of the adapter. Alternatively, the adapter can include a fiber optic coupled to the light source and configured to extend into the stimulation lead.

Abstract: A semiconductor package includes electric integrated circuit dies, photoelectric integrated circuit dies, and an inter-chip waveguide. The electric integrated circuit dies are laterally encapsulated by a first insulating encapsulant. The photoelectric integrated circuit dies are laterally encapsulated by a second insulating encapsulant. Each one of photoelectric integrated circuit dies includes an optical input/output terminal. The inter-chip waveguide is disposed over the second insulating encapsulant, wherein the photoelectric integrated circuit dies are optically communicated with each other through the inter-chip waveguide.

Abstract: Provided is an optical transceiver module, comprising a housing, a substrate, an optical receiving device and a plurality of optical transmitting devices. The substrate is disposed in the housing. The optical receiving device is disposed on the substrate. The plurality of optical transmitting devices are connected to the substrate, and the optical transmitting devices are arranged in an alternating manner. The optical transceiver module effectively utilizes the internal space thereof for a compact design and can have a simple structure for manufacturing.

Abstract: The apertures typically used for hologram recording create unwanted secondary holograms by diffracting light. Aperture-free hologram recording eliminates these unwanted secondary holograms. Aperture-free hologram recording includes applying a mask to the holographic recording medium. The mask controls the size of the recorded hologram like an aperture but does not create unwanted secondary holograms. Hologram fringes are only present in the desired recording area and a thin boundary region. The mask may be present during recording, or the mask may be used to pre-bleach the holographic recording medium. Pre-bleaching the holographic recording medium renders a portion of the holographic recording medium insensitive to light, the hologram is recorded in the light-sensitive portions of the holographic recording medium.

Abstract: A light coupling unit for use in an optical connector includes a waveguide alignment member that receives and aligns at least one optical waveguide. The light coupling unit includes a light redirecting member that has an input surface configured to receive input light from the end face of the optical waveguide. A curved reflective surface of the light redirecting member receives light from the input surface propagating along an input axis and redirects the light such that the redirected light propagates along a different redirected axis. An output surface of the light redirecting member receives the redirected light and transmits the redirected light as output light propagating along an output axis and exiting the light redirecting member. A curved intersection of the curved reflective surface and a first plane formed by the input and redirected axes has a radius of curvature. The curved reflective surface has an axis of revolution disposed in the first plane.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to semiconductor structures and, more particularly, to waveguide attenuators and methods of manufacture. The structure includes: a main bus waveguide structure; a first hybrid waveguide structure evanescently coupled to the main bus waveguide structure and comprising a first geometry of material; and a second hybrid waveguide structure evanescently coupled to the main bus waveguide structure and comprising a second geometry of the material.

Abstract: An optical waveguide is formed on a support member. A second cladding layer is formed on a surface of a first cladding layer so as to cover a core layer. An opening is opened at the second cladding layer-side, penetrates the second cladding layer and the core layer, and closed at the first cladding layer-side. The opening has a first surface and a second surface ranging from the opened side to the closed side. In a vertical section taken along a longitudinal direction of the core layer, a first angle between a perpendicular line drawn from an opening end of the first surface to the surface of the first cladding layer and the first surface, and a second angle between a perpendicular line drawn from an opening end of the second surface to the surface of the first cladding layer and the second surface are all acute angles.

Abstract: A large-scale single-photonics-based optical switching system that occupies an area larger than the maximum area of a standard step-and-repeat lithography reticle is disclosed. The system includes a plurality of identical switch blocks, each of is formed in a different reticle field that no larger than the maximum reticle size. Bus waveguides of laterally adjacent switch blocks are stitched together at lateral interfaces that include a second arrangement of waveguide ports that is common to all lateral interfaces. Bus waveguides of vertically adjacent switch blocks are stitched together at vertical interfaces that include a first arrangement of waveguide ports that is common to all vertical interfaces. In some embodiments, the lateral and vertical interfaces include waveguide ports having waveguide coupling regions that are configured to mitigate optical loss due to stitching error.

Abstract: A grating-coupled light guide concentrates light and diffractively redirects the concentrated light at a non-zero propagation angle as guided light having a predetermined spread angle. The grating-coupled light guide includes a light guide, an optical concentrator, and a grating coupler. The optical concentrator is configured to concentrate light from a light source as concentrated light and the grating coupler is configured to diffractively redirect the concentrated light into the light guide as the guided light. Characteristics of the optical concentrator and grating coupler are configured in combination to determine the non-zero propagation angle and predetermined spread angle. A grating-coupled display system further includes an array of light valves configured to modulate emitted light as a displayed image.

Abstract: A Super System on Chip (SSoC) coupled with a photonic neural learning processor (PNLP), one or more quantum bits (qubits) and a machine learning algorithm for ultrafast data processing, image processing/recognition, deep learning/meta-learning and self-learning is disclosed. The Super System on Chip (SSoC) is interconnected/coupled electrically and/or optically in two-dimension (2-D) or in three-dimension (3-D).

Abstract: A device for generating a virtual image with stray light suppression comprises at least one light source for producing light with a specified wavelength, a display element for producing an image, and an optical waveguide for expanding an exit pupil. An aperture mask that has holes and non-transparent regions is arranged above an upper boundary surface of the optical waveguide.

Abstract: An optical connection apparatus comprising a prism that extracts N×M beams of outgoing light from an optical circuit, a two-dimensional GRIN lens array of N×M GRIN lenses, a spacer, having a thickness according to the optical path length in the prism, that transmits N×M outgoing beams from the two-dimensional GRIN lens array, and a two-dimensional fiber array that causes the N×M beams to be incident on optical fibers, the ends of optical fibers being disposed at the focal point of each of the beams transmitted through the spacer.

Abstract: An optical film, a manufacturing method thereof and a display device are provided. The optical film includes a photonic crystal film substrate and a plurality of linear defective portions penetrating the photonic crystal film substrate in a thickness direction in the photonic crystal film substrate. A lattice period of each of the linear defective portions is different from a lattice period of the photonic crystal film substrate, and the photonic crystal film substrate includes a plurality of first regions and a plurality of second regions. The first regions and the second regions are alternately distributed along at least one direction in a plane where the photonic crystal thin film is located. The linear defective portion located in each of the first regions has a first light exiting direction. The linear defective portion in each of the second regions has a second light exiting direction.

Abstract: A display panel includes a plurality of sub-pixels. At least one sub-pixel of the plurality of sub-pixels includes a first electrode, a light modulation structure disposed on a side of the first electrode, and a second electrode disposed at a side of the light modulation structure away from the first electrode. The light modulation structure includes a refractive index adjustment layer, and a light modulation layer disposed between the refractive index adjustment layer and the first electrode. A refractive index of the refractive index adjustment layer is changed under action of an electric field between the first electrode and the second electrode. The light modulation layer is in contact with the refractive index adjustment layer, and at least a part of a surface of the light modulation layer that is in contact with the refractive index adjustment layer is a curved face.

Abstract: Systems and methods for the detection of calculi in the biliary system are disclosed. The systems include an illumination source, one or more filters that filter a first set of illumination photons and a second set of illumination photons, as well as associated processors and detectors. The system is also designed to generates image data sets and generated information related to the location of the calculi.

Abstract: A system 1 for remote sensing of information to be transmitted, said system 1 comprising; an optical time-domain reflectometer, OTDR, 2 adapted to transmit an optical probe signal OPS into an optical fiber 3 and to measure a backscattered signal power; and at least one electro-optical signaling unit 4 connected to said optical fiber 3, wherein the electro-optical signaling unit 4 is configured to change an attenuation and/or a reflection of the optical probe signal OPS depending on at least one signal provided by one or more signal sources 5 in response to the information to be transmitted.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for characterizing mode group properties of multimodal light traveling through an optical component, comprising: launching a reference pulse of light with a wavelength ?t from a light source into said optical component, collecting light signal output by said optical component into a Mode Group Separating optical fiber; detecting light signal output by said Mode Group Separating optical fiber. The Mode Group Separating optical fiber is a multimode fiber with an ?-profile graded index core with an ?-value chosen such that said fiber satisfies the following criterion at the wavelength ?t: ? ?? ? . L ? ? ? T REF > 4 where: ?? is a time delay difference between consecutive mode groups; L is a length of said fiber; ?TREF is a Full Width at Quarter Maximum of said reference pulse.

Abstract: Systems and methods for providing multicast group (MCG) membership relative to partition membership in a high performance computing environment. In accordance with an embodiment, by allowing a subnet manager of a local subnet to be instructed that all ports that are members of the relevant partition should be set up as members for a specific multicast group, the SM can perform a more efficient multicast-routing process. It is also possible to limit the IB client interaction with subnet administration conventionally required to handle join and leave operations. Additionally, subnet manager overhead can be reduced by creating a spanning tree for the routing of multicast packets that includes each of the partition members added to the multicast group, instead of creating a spanning tree after each multicast group join request is received, as conventionally required.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to quantum electronic devices for storing qubits. In particular, this disclosure relates to a quantum electronic device comprising a carbon nanosphere adapted to store a qubit represented by an electron spin and a control and readout device to set the qubit and read the qubit stored on the carbon nanosphere. Qubits stored on carbon nanospheres have a long electron spin lifetime at room temperature. This disclosure further relates to a method for quantum computing. The method comprises storing a qubit represented by an electron spin on a carbon nanosphere, performing a quantum operation on the qubit to generate a resulting qubit and reading the resulting qubit from the nanosphere. There is further provided a spintronic device comprising multiple carbon nanospheres adapted to provide a qubit represented by an electron spin in that carbon nanosphere and a control device to facilitate interaction between the qubits to perform a quantum operation.

Abstract: The method of transmitting data includes encoding, at an optical line terminal, data to be transmitted over a plurality of wavelength channels; providing the encoded data to corresponding lasers as modulation inputs, to enable the lasers to generate optical signals representing the data; multiplexing the optical signals; and equalizing the multiplexed optical signals for transmission via an optical transmission link. The method of receiving data includes de-multiplexing, at an optical network unit, optical signals received from an optical transmission link; selecting, from the de-multiplexed optical signals, an optical signal corresponding to a particular wavelength channel; converting the selected optical signal into electric signals; and decoding the electric signal to determine the data.

Abstract: An image display device projecting an image to a user includes: an image generation unit that generates image light; a projection optical unit that projects the image light generated by the image generation unit; an image light duplication unit that duplicates and emits the image light projected by the projection optical unit; and a light-guiding unit that projects the image light duplicated by the image light duplication unit to a user, in which the projection optical unit includes at least one projection lens, and in which an interval at which the image light duplication unit duplicates the image light is smaller than an outer diameter of the projection lens.

Abstract: Detachable optical connectors for optical chips and methods of their fabrication are disclosed. In one embodiment, an optical connector includes a ferrule that supports ferrule waveguides. The optical connector further includes a waveguide support coupled to the ferrule and that supports transition waveguides that are optically coupled to the ferrule waveguides. Ends of the ferrule waveguides are exposed at one end of the ferrule to define a first pitch while ends of the second waveguides are exposed at a chip coupling surface of the waveguide support. The transition waveguides provide at least one type of transition for the guided light traveling within the ferrule waveguides to enable either edge coupling, surface coupling or evanescent coupling to chip waveguides of an optical chip. The transition can include a change in mode-field diameter, direction of the guided light, and/or pitch.

Abstract: A light guide element is adapted to be used in an electronic device including a light emitting unit that has at least one light emitting element. The light guide element includes a base portion and a plurality of light guide bodies. The base portion includes a light entry surface for incidence of light emitted by the light emitting unit and at least one side surface connected to the light entry surface. The light guide bodies are disposed on the at least one side surface. Each of the light guide bodies is formed with at least three light exit surfaces. Each of the light exit surfaces has an extension direction. The extension direction and the at least one side surface of the base portion form therebetween an angle being between 10° and 85°.

Abstract: A one-way see-through illumination device includes a light guide, a light source at an edge of the light guide and a pattern of pixels on a surface of the light guide. The light guide has an illumination surface and a non-illumination surface opposite to the illumination surface. The light source is configured to inject light into the edge of the light guide. The pattern of pixels and the light guide are arranged to generate transparent illumination by the frustration of total internal reflection of light injected into the light guide such that light from the light source is emitted through the illumination surface. The pixels are arranged to prevent the generation of a diffraction grating in the light guide.

Abstract: [Problem] To propose a head-mounted display capable of restraining deformation or breakage of a connection member caused by concentration of an external force on the connection member. [Solution] A head-mounted display includes a frame worn on the head of a viewer and having a front part disposed in front of the viewer, and an image display device connected to a central part of the front part. The image display device includes two right and left optical modules each including an image generation device and a light guide member that is connected to the image generation device and is disposed closer as a whole to a center of the face of the viewer than the image generation device, and includes a connection member connecting the image display device to the front part. A part of the image display device is disposed so as to face a part of the front part in a front-rear direction with a predetermined gap interposed therebetween.

Abstract: A structured light generator includes a light source configured to emit light, and a first meta optical device including a first metasurface including nanostructures having sub-wavelength dimensions that are less than a wavelength of the light emitted from the light source, the first metasurface being configured to form a distribution of light rays from the light emitted from the light source to thereby radiate structured light.

Abstract: A dual-lenslet array photonic integrated circuit (PIC) imager includes a PIC and top and bottom substrate spacers. A first optical prism couples a first lenslet array to a first-side edge of the PIC. A second optical prism couples a second lenslet array to a second-side edge of the PIC. Lenslets of the first lenslet array and respective lenslets of the second lenslet array are coupled to respective waveguides embedded in the in the PIC.

Abstract: An optical module includes a circuit board, an optical fiber, an optical fiber monitoring chip, a laser chip, a laser driving chip and a lens assembly. A bottom surface of the lens assembly is covered above the laser chip and the optical monitoring chip. A groove is on a top surface of the lens assembly. A bottom of the groove protrudes to form a first interface and a second interface. The laser chip is configured to emit light. The first interface is configured to reflect the emitted light to obtain first reflected light. The second interface is configured to reflect a portion of the first reflected light to obtain a second reflected light and refract another portion of the first reflected light to obtain a first refracted light. The second reflected light is transmitted to the optical monitoring chip. The first refracted light is transmitted to the optical fiber.

Abstract: An optical system includes optical fibers, a decoupling surface, an intersecting surface and a connecting portion. The optical fibers are arranged in at least one row. Each of the optical fibers includes a coupling surface onto which light from a light source is received. Light is directed through the optical fibers along an optical main axis. Light emitted from the optical fibers is directed onto a decoupling surface. The connecting portion is planar and is disposed between the decoupling surface and the optical fibers. The intersecting surface bounds the decoupling surface and is parallel to the optical main axis. Each of the optical fibers has an intersecting face oriented parallel to the optical main axis and parallel to the intersecting surface. The intersecting surface and the intersecting faces of the optical fibers generate a sharp outer edge of a light pattern formed by light emitted from the optical system.

Abstract: Devices and systems to perform optical alignment by using one or more liquid crystal layers to actively steer a light beam from an optical fiber to an optical waveguide integrated on a chip. An on-chip feedback mechanism can steer the beam between the fiber and a grating based waveguide to minimize the insertion loss of the system.

Abstract: An optical fiber mounting method that mounts a plurality of optical fibers on a substrate includes: bundling the optical fibers together with a bundling member; adjusting a height of the bundling member from a surface of the substrate or an angle of inclination of the bundling member relative to the surface of the substrate; bringing end faces of the optical fibers bundled with the bundling member into contact with end faces of optical waveguides on the substrate, the optical waveguides respectively corresponding to the optical fibers; and bonding the optical fibers to the substrate, in a state where the end faces of the optical fibers are in contact with the end faces of the optical waveguides.