Abstract: Certain aspects relate to drug delivery devices and methods for the treatment of ocular disorders requiring targeted and controlled administration of a drug to an interior portion of the eye. In several embodiments, the devices are capable of controlled release of two or more drugs, the release of each drug into a different ocular space (e.g., an ocular compartment versus an ocular fluid outflow pathway).

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to topical compositions and methods of using the same. A preferred topical pharmaceutical composition comprises a nitric oxide-releasing active pharmaceutical ingredient in admixture with a hydrophilic composition and a hydrophobic composition wherein the nitric oxide-releasing active pharmaceutical ingredient comprises a nitric oxide-releasing compound having a diazeniumdiolate functional group.

Abstract: The invention proposes the photosensitized generation of nitric oxide (NO) from alanosine (3-(hydroxynitrosoamino)-D,L-alanine) by aluminum phthalocyanine tetrasulfonate (AlPcS4). While NO is obtained in nitrogen-saturated solutions, the invention proposes that both NO and peroxynitrite are produced in air-saturated solutions. Enhancement of NO production occurs in the presence of ubiquinone-0. The invention evidence that NO is produced by the photosensitized oxidation of alanosine. Both NO and peroxynitrite are detected during photoirradiation of AlPcS4 in the presence of 2-methyl-2-nitrosopropane (MNP) and hypoxanthine, but not in the absence of hypoxanthine, in air-saturated solutions, where HX is acting as sacrificial electron donor, thus promoting superoxide formation.

Abstract: A microphysiological system (MPS) includes at least one first inlet for receiving a fluid medium. The MPS includes a brain module comprising brain tissue. The MPS includes a blood-brain-barrier (BBB) module comprising BBB tissue, the BBB module configured to receive the fluid medium. The MPS includes a crosstalk channel between the brain module and the BBB module, the crosstalk channel configured to promote a bidirectional crosstalk between the brain tissue and the BBB tissue in response to receiving the fluid medium at the BBB module. The MPS is configured for treating the brain tissue and the BBB tissue with a drug or a combination of drugs to determine a phenotypic effect and a transcriptomic effect of the drug. A drug perturbation is related to the phenotypic effect and the transcriptomic effect based on kinetic optimization.

Abstract: A topical mixture that produces nitric oxide and a method for using the topical mixture to increase the vasodilation of a bloodstream via transdermal absorption of the nitric oxide. The nitric oxide can then affect subcutaneous tissues. The systemic vasodilation of a mammal may be increased via a topical application of an appropriate nitric oxide producing substance.

Abstract: A topical mixture that produces nitric oxide and a method for using the topical mixture to increase the vasodilation of a bloodstream via transdermal absorption of the nitric oxide. The nitric oxide can then affect subcutaneous tissues. The systemic vasodilation of a mammal may be increased via a topical application of an appropriate nitric oxide producing substance.

Abstract: A topical mixture that produces nitric oxide and a method for using the topical mixture to increase the vasodilation of a bloodstream via transdermal absorption of the nitric oxide. The nitric oxide can then affect subcutaneous tissues. The systemic vasodilation of a mammal may be increased via a topical application of an appropriate nitric oxide producing substance.

Abstract: A topical mixture that produces nitric oxide and a method for using the topical mixture to increase the vasodilation of a bloodstream via transdermal absorption of the nitric oxide. The nitric oxide can then affect subcutaneous tissues. The systemic vasodilation of a mammal may be increased via a topical application of an appropriate nitric oxide producing substance.

Abstract: The application is directed to a method of inhibiting or reducing growth of clinical isolate bacteria comprising contacting the clinical isolate with a composition comprising glutathione, a glutathione derivative, a glutathione conjugate, a pharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, or any combination thereof.

Abstract: Compositions for the treatment of some orphan diseases and oral mucosal ulcers, many with similarities in terms of their anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activities, but also multiple differences in their observed abilities that can be combined to challenge the current, underlying pathophysiology. The orphan diseases of interest are Dupuytren's Contracture, Peyronie's Disease, Scleroderma, Raynaud's (or Renaud's) Phenomenon, chemotherapy/radiation induced oral mucosal ulceration, and aphthous ulcers; and more frequent skin issues of skin damage from cuts, abrasions, and burns; aging skin changes, and toe nail fungus. These can be treated with the disclosed compositions with the proper combination and alteration of ingredients inclusive of alpha-pinene, an aloe vera preparation, and a shea butter preparation. A process for preparation of such ingredients in a water-in-oil emulsion is described herein.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods for maintaining physiological levels of nitrite in a subject undergoing hemodialysis. Also provided herein are methods of administering pharmaceutically acceptable sodium nitrite to a subject undergoing hemodialysis.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods for prophylactic treatment of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) comprising administering, by inhalation, an effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one anticoagulant or antiplatelet agent to a subject in need thereof, wherein the anticoagulant or antiplatelet agent first enters the heart via the left atrium.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for improving nitric oxide levels in a subject, comprising administering to a subject, a composition comprising dietary nitrate derived from potassium nitrate, beet root (whole plant, powder, plant extract), and/or nitrate-rich leafy green portions (whole plant, powder, plant extract) that improve functional nitric oxide levels in subjects as shown by increasing salivary bioconversion of nitrate to nitrite, a necessary a required step for nitric oxide mediated health benefits. The disclosed novel compositions improve cardiac health, lowers blood pressure, intraocular pressure, and LDL and restores nitric oxide mediated cardiovascular benefits, including but not limited, restoring endothelium function and improving flow mediated dilation.

Abstract: Combinations of a nitroprusside, such as sodium nitroprusside (SNP; Na2[Fe(CN)5NO].2H2O) and a nitrate, are provided, together with methods for the combined use of the nitroprusside and the nitrate as metabolic inhibitors of microbial cultures. The microbial cultures may include sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) in aqueous culture. This metabolic inhibition may for example be implemented in the presence of a hydrocarbon, for example in an oil reservoir or in oil field systems and facilities. When applied to an SRB culture in the presence of a hydrocarbon, the combination of the nitroprusside and the nitrate may accordingly be used to ameliorate the biological formation of sulfides, particularly hydrogen sulfide.

Abstract: Enteral tube feed for patients in an intensive care unit comprising a lipid component, a carbohydrate component and at least 30 EN % of a protein component based on the total energy content of the enteral tube feed, wherein the protein component comprises a peptide fraction consisting of di-, tri- and oligopeptides with a molecular weight of at most 1 kD, wherein the peptide fraction provides at least 10 EN % of the total energy content of the enteral composition and wherein the carbohydrate component predominantly consists of carbohydrates having a GI of ?35 such as isomaltulose for use in treatment of ICU patients.

Abstract: Decontamination compositions useful to decontaminate potentially toxic materials, such as PAH and others, present on clothing comprise an aqueous solution of a water soluble cerium salt or a dispersion of cerium oxide in water. The decontamination composition may optionally include at least one of an oxidizer, a surfactant, a co-solvent, a chelating agent, and a polymer. Methods of decontaminating clothing involve applying the decontamination composition to the clothing.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods for treating acute or chronic heart failure using inorganic nitrite, such as sodium nitrite. The method includes administering to a subject in need of treatment a therapeutically effective amount of inorganic nitrite. The nitrite may be administered by inhalation and may be nebulized. The nitrite may be administered at an emitted dose or in an escalated titrated dose. The nitrite may be a liquid formulation or a dry powder formulation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the combination of stimulators of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC stimulators) with mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MR antagonists) and to the use of the combination for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of cardiac and cardiovascular disorders, of renal and cardiorenal disorders, of pulmonary and cardiopulmonary disorders and also for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of fibrotic disorders.

Abstract: Methods of treating a subject who has chronic tissue ischemia are disclosed. The methods can include administering to the subject a pharmaceutical composition comprising inorganic nitrite or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for a time and in an amount sufficient to result in blood vessel growth in the ischemic tissue. The subject can be diagnosed as having a medical condition that results in persistent or recurring restriction of blood supply to a tissue, for example, peripheral artery disease, diabetes, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease or defective wound healing. The methods can include the step of identifying a suitable subject.

Abstract: A composition for releasing nitric oxide which provides a rapid release of nitrogen monoxide, and also allows formation of S-nitrosothiol compounds which provide a slower extended release of nitrogen monoxide. A composition kit includes two components that are mixed together to initiate nitric oxide release. The kit includes: a liquid phase comprising a solvent and at least one reducing agent; and a solid phase comprising a nitrate and/or nitrite salt, copper ions and at least one thiol. A method of treating sexual dysfunction involves topically applying the composition to an area of the subject to be treated.

Abstract: Methods and therapeutics for treating nitric oxide (NO) mediated condition comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition containing a therapeutic, wherein the therapeutic one of increases xanthine oxidase (XO) associated nitrite conversion to nitric oxide and increases nitrite conversion to nitric oxide via DADS. Method and devices for measuring an amount of nitrite in a sample comprising obtaining a sample, adding diallyl disulfide (DADS) to the sample, measuring a post DADS amount of nitric oxide (NO) in the sample, and using the post DADS amount of NO in the sample to determine the amount of nitrite in the sample.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for improving nitric oxide levels in a subject, comprising administering to a subject, a composition comprising dietary nitrate derived from potassium nitrate, beet root (whole plant, powder, plant extract), and/or nitrate-rich leafy green portions (whole plant, powder, plant extract) that improve functional nitric oxide levels in subjects as shown by increasing salivary bioconversion of nitrate to nitrite, a necessary a required step for nitric oxide mediated health benefits. The disclosed novel compositions improve cardiac health, lowers blood pressure, intraocular pressure, and LDL and restores nitric oxide mediated cardiovascular benefits, including but not limited, restoring endothelium function and improving flow mediated dilation.

Abstract: Methods for identifying premature infants at risk for developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia and/or most likely to benefit from administration of inhaled nitric oxide for prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Methods for treating premature infants identified as at risk and/or likely to benefit are provided. also provided are methods for identifying premature infants that are not at risk for developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia and/or unlikely to benefit from administration of inhaled nitric oxide for prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and methods for avoiding risks of toxicity and undesirable side effects associated with inhaled nitric oxide therapy comprising administering only non-iNO treatment modalities to these infants.

Abstract: A method of treating neuropathy in a subject, the method comprising identifying a subject who has neuropathy; and administering to the subject a pharmaceutical composition comprising one of inorganic nitrite and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: A variety of methods, devices, systems and arrangements are implemented for stimulation of the peripheral nervous system. Consistent with one embodiment of the present invention, method is implemented in which light-responsive channels or pumps are engineered in a set of motor units that includes motor units of differing physical volumes. Optical stimuli are also provided to the light-responsive channels or pumps at an optical intensity that is a function of the size of motor units to be recruited. In certain implementations, the intensity of the optical stimuli is increased so as to recruit increasingly larger motor units.

Abstract: A method and system for generating and delivering nitric oxide directly to a patient. A reaction chamber is provided that is located at or in close proximity to the patient and reactants within the reaction chamber react together to produce a predetermined amount of nitric oxide. The reaction is controlled by metering at least one of the reactants into the reaction chamber to generate a predetermined quantity of nitric oxide as required by the patient. The reactants can include a nitrite salt, such as sodium nitrite, and a reductant such as ascorbic acid, maleic acid or a mixture thereof. By generating and delivering the nitric oxide directly to the patient in close proximity thereto, the formation of NO2 is minimized. One or both of the reactants may be in liquid form.

Abstract: A topical mixture that produces nitric oxide and a method for using the topical mixture to increase the vasodilation of a bloodstream via transdermal absorption of the nitric oxide. The nitric oxide can then affect subcutaneous tissues. The systemic vasodilation of a mammal may be increased via a topical application of an appropriate nitric oxide producing substance.

Abstract: Probiotic compositions, particularly oral compositions, comprising one or more bacteria that are capable of producing nitrite and/or nitric oxide in a subject are provided. Some compositions further comprise nitrate/nitrate, such as a botanical source of nitrate. Some compositions further comprise botanical sources of nitrate reductase. Also, provided are methods of improving the oral and/or vascular health of a subject by orally administering a composition comprising one or more bacteria capable of producing nitric oxide. Methods of repopulating the nitric oxide producing microflora and bacterial environment in the oral cavity of a subject are also provided.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for treating one or more mammalian cancers, and in particular, methods for treating human melanoma, or a head or neck cancer, that employ therapeutically-effective amounts of one or more iNOS pathway-inhibitory compounds, either alone, or in combination with one or more selected antihypertensive agents (including, for example, calcium channel antagonists), alone, or further in combination with one or more conventional chemotherapeutic agents. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical formulations that comprise these compositions, as well as methods for their use in treating refractory, metastatic, and/or relapsed cancers, or, for use in the management or reversal of treatment resistance in one or more such mammalian cancers.

Abstract: Described are systems and methods for administration of nitric oxide (NO) with use of left ventricular assists devices (LVADs), as well as systems and methods for monitoring the NO delivery devices and/or the LVAD.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel process for preparing (4S)-4-(4-cyano-2-methoxyphenyl)-5-ethoxy-2,8-dimethyl-1,4-dihydro-1,6-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide of the formula (I) and recovering (4S)-4-(4-cyano-2-methoxyphenyl)-5-ethoxy-2,8-dimethyl-1,4-dihydro-1,6-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide of the formula (I) proceeding from (4R)-4-(4-cyano-2-methoxyphenyl)-5-ethoxy-2,8-dimethyl-1,4-dihydro-1,6-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide of the formula ent-(I)

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions and methods for inducing conscious sedation using such compositions are described, the compositions comprising a benzodiazepine-based compound, a NMDA antagonist, and optionally a ?-blocker, antiemetic, an NSAID, and/or an antihistamine medication. Methods for fabricating the compositions and using them for anesthesiological applications are also described.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system and method for delivery of nitric oxide to the upper respiratory tract without resulting in nitric oxide delivery to the lungs. In certain embodiments, the invention comprises the use of a flow sensor to sense the exhalation of the subject, and delivering a nitric oxide containing gas upon sensed exhalation.

Abstract: A sodium nitrite formulation for topical administration is described. The formulation includes an aqueous solution of non-acidified sodium nitrite dispersed in a white petrolatum ointment. The concentration of sodium nitrite in the formulation is about 0.5% to about 3.0% by weight. To prepare the formulation, non-acidified sodium nitrite is completely dissolved in a small quantity of water, sterile filtered and dispersed in white petrolatum ointment.

Abstract: Biofilms are provided which are capable of regulating their own thickness, reducing contamination and preventing biofouling. Constructs are introduced into bacteria that comprise nucleic acid molecules encoding an autoinducer synthase polypeptide, a transcriptional regulator and a biofilm dispersal protein. Nucleic acid molecules may also be introduced which encode a nitric oxide synthase, an epoxide hydrolase, or both. Biofilms of the bacteria may be used to reduce biofouling and contamination of a surface.

Abstract: Disclosed are devices, methods and surgical procedures for detecting, imaging, analyzing, diagnosing and/or treating vascular disorders and related conditions of the human and mammalian body in males and/or females. In particular embodiments, treatments include methods for imaging, analyzing and improving erectile dysfunction and related conditions and potentially increasing angiogenesis in response to specifically diagnosed conditions.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to topical compositions and methods of using the same.

Abstract: A single device to collect, transfer, and measure salivary nitric oxide analyte and metabolite, nitrite, a biomarker for nitric oxide, as well as, a method to assess the effects of diet and exercise on changing an individual's nitric oxide status and health.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to compositions and methods for topical or transdermal delivery, including treatment and prevention of learning and memory disorders, and enhancement of learning or memory. In some cases, the composition may include nitric oxide and/or peptides such as thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) and/or GnRH (gonadotropin-releasing hormone). The nitric oxide and/or peptide may be present within a first phase comprising a lecithin, such as phosphatidylcholine. In certain embodiments, the lecithin is present in liposomes, micelles, or other structures containing nitric oxide and/or peptide. The composition can take the form of a gel, a cream, a lotion, an ointment, a solution, a solid “stick,” etc., that can be rubbed or sprayed onto the skin. Other aspects of the present invention are generally directed to methods of making or using such compositions, methods of promoting such compositions, kits including such compositions, or the like.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to the fields of treating psychiatric disorders, in particular, anxiety disorders including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in subjects, e.g., human subjects, by administering a xenon and/or argon containing composition. Treatments can also employ psychotherapy in combination with administration of xenon and/or argon, alone or in combination with additional psychotherapeutic medications to treat the anxiety disorder and reduce a symptom of the anxiety disorder in the subject.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to compositions and methods for topical or transdermal delivery, and treatment of metabolic conditions. In some cases, the composition may include nitric oxide and/or peptides such as thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) and/or GnRH (gonadotropin-releasing hormone). The nitric oxide and/or peptide may be present within a first phase comprising a lecithin, such as phosphatidylcholine. In certain embodiments, the lecithin is present in liposomes, micelles, or other structures containing nitric oxide, peptides, or both. The composition can take the form of a gel, a cream, a lotion, an ointment, a solution, a solid “stick,” etc., that can be rubbed or sprayed onto the skin. Other aspects of the present invention are generally directed to methods of making or using such compositions, methods of promoting such compositions, kits including such compositions, or the like.

Abstract: Methods of treating a subject who has chronic tissue ischemia are disclosed. The methods can include administering to the subject a pharmaceutical composition comprising inorganic nitrite or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for a time and in an amount sufficient to result in blood vessel growth in the ischemic tissue. The subject can be diagnosed as having a medical condition that results in persistent or recurring restriction of blood supply to a tissue, for example, peripheral artery disease, diabetes, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease or defective wound healing. The methods can include the step of identifying a suitable subject.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to compositions and methods for topical or transdermal delivery, and treatment of metabolic conditions. In some cases, the composition may include nitric oxide and/or peptides such as thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) and/or GnRH (gonadotropin-releasing hormone). The nitric oxide and/or peptide may be present within a first phase comprising a lecithin, such as phosphatidylcholine. In certain embodiments, the lecithin is present in liposomes, micelles, or other structures containing nitric oxide, peptides, or both. The composition can take the form of a gel, a cream, a lotion, an ointment, a solution, a solid “stick,” etc., that can be rubbed or sprayed onto the skin. Other aspects of the present invention are generally directed to methods of making or using such compositions, methods of promoting such compositions, kits including such compositions, or the like.

Abstract: The present invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions of nitrites such as inorganic nitrites, or any pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, or prodrugs thereof, and the medical use of these compositions. The pharmaceutical compositions, which can be formulated for oral administration, can provide immediate release or extended release of the nitrite ion (NO2?). The pharmaceutical compositions of the invention are useful, for example, for modulating brain function, in particular improving mood and/or psychological state, in the treatment of disorders of brain development, and in the treatment and/or reduction of pain.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides neuromodulators, nucleic acid encoding thereof, and compositions thereof for endowing visual processing abilities to neuronal cells. The present disclosure further provides a method of restoring light sensitivity to degenerate retinas.

Abstract: A cosmetic treatment device includes a nitric oxide (NO) eluting polymer, a carrier, and a proton donor enclosed in a container that keeps the proton donor separate from the nitric oxide eluting polymer until the device is used. When the container is opened, proton donor contacts the polymer, causing the elution of nitric oxide from the polymer.

Abstract: A single device to collect, transfer, and measure salivary nitric oxide analyte and metabolite, nitrite, a biomarker for nitric oxide, as well as, a method to assess the effects of diet and exercise on changing an individual's nitric oxide status and health.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to compositions and methods for treatment of subjects in need of muscle growth, muscle repair, improved muscular and neuromuscular control, and treatments for neuromuscular and neurological disorders, including brain disorders. In some cases, the composition may include nitric oxide and/or peptides. The nitric oxide and/or peptides may be present within a first phase comprising a lecithin, such as phosphatidylcholine. In certain embodiments, the lecithin is present in liposomes, micelles, or other vesicles containing nitric oxide and/or peptide. The composition can take the form of a gel, a cream, a lotion, an ointment, a solution, a solid “stick,” etc., that can be rubbed or sprayed onto the skin, e.g., onto a location where muscle growth, muscle repair, or improved muscular and neuromuscular control is desired, or on another suitable portion of the skin.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to compositions and methods for topical or transdermal delivery, and treatment of metabolic conditions. In some cases, the composition may include nitric oxide and/or peptides. The nitric oxide and/or peptide may be present within a first phase comprising a lecithin, such as phosphatidylcholine. In certain embodiments, the lecithin is present in liposomes, micelles, or other vesicles containing nitric oxide, peptides, or both. The composition can take the form of a gel, a cream, a lotion, an ointment, a solution, a solid “stick,” etc., that can be rubbed or sprayed onto the skin. Other aspects of the present invention are generally directed to methods of making or using such compositions, methods of promoting such compositions, kits including such compositions, or the like.

Abstract: A two-part aqueous composition for treating skin ailments, such as acne vulgaris, includes an acidic part having salicylic acid and an ?-hydroxy acid, and an alkaline part having an alkaline nitrite salt. The ?-hydroxy acid is preferably glycolic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, mandelic acid or a combination thereof. The alkaline nitrite salt is preferably sodium nitrite. The acidic part and the alkaline part are an acidic aqueous solution and an alkaline aqueous solution, respectively, which may either be mixed with one another then applied to an affected portion of a patient's skin or, alternatively, may be sequentially applied to the affected portion of the patient's skin, preferably within 15 minutes of one another.