Abstract: The present invention provides a recombinant expression vector comprising a gene encoding canine parvovirus 2a VP2 or 2b VP2 protein, a recombinant plant into which the vector is transformed, a vaccine composition against canine parvovirus, comprising canine parvovirus 2a VP2 or 2b VP2 protein obtained from the recombinant plant, and a composition for diagnosing canine parvovirus. When the recombinant plant of the present invention is used, canine parvovirus 2a VP2 or 2b VP2 antigen protein can be rapidly produced with high efficiency. Since the composition for diagnosing canine parvovirus according to the present invention uses a recombinant antigen protein, there is no possibility of contamination due to live virus handling, and thus the composition is safe, and the presence or absence of canine parvovirus infection can be rapidly diagnosed from a large amount of samples.

Abstract: Kombucha tea faces many challenges concerning its use for its health benefits, such as standardization, as well as the determination of a specific dosage form appropriate to the intended use. Kombucha tea, as a fermented, alcohol-containing beverage that relies on a complex combination of living yeast and bacteria for production, is especially difficult to administer. The present invention provides a consistent, standardized dosage form and novel combinations of a traditional medicinal drink that is otherwise unsuitable for widespread natural medicine. By providing kombucha as a soft, chewable and orally dissolvable and/or disintegrable compositions, such as a gummie, a gummie with probiotics, or a gummy made from tapioca syrup, a unique, desirable flavor and mouthfeel is obtained and which is also alcohol free. This expands the number of people who can enjoy the benefits of the traditional tea.

Abstract: Methods for encasing bodies including smokeless tobacco or a tobacco substitute with a polymeric casing can include coating a compressed body with microfibers, applying tubular casings to compressed bodies, printing netting and webs on compressed bodies, injection molding around compressed bodies, applying a webbing to compressed bodies, placing compressed bodies into a skin forming bath, and including thermoplastic polymers in a compressed body.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an inhalable composition, suitable for use in an electronic cigarette device, comprising at least 1 g/L of nicotine and carbon dioxide dissolved or dispersed in a solvent.

Abstract: A method for preparing a flavor-containing sheet for a smoking article, characterized by comprising a step of extending a raw material slurry on a substrate, wherein the slurry contains polysaccharide consisting of gellan gum and tamarind gum, a flavor, an emulsifier and 70 to 95 wt % of water, has a weight ratio of gellan gum to tamarind gum of 1:1 to 3:1, and has a temperature of 60 to 90° C. in a sol state, a step of cooling the extended raw material slurry to a sample temperature of 0 to 40° C. to form a gel, and a heat-drying step comprising heating the gelled raw material and drying it at a sample temperature of 70 to 100° C.

Abstract: A solid oral sensorial product includes at least one botanical material and at least one phosphate containing stain inhibitor. The botanical material is selected from the group consisting of tobacco, tea, coffee, cocoa, and combinations thereof.

Abstract: Plant metabolism and alkaloid levels can be regulated by transcription factors that regulate the nicotinic alkaloid biosynthetic pathway. In one embodiment, the disclosure provides a transcription factor that negatively regulates alkaloid biosynthesis, such as nicotine biosynthesis.

Abstract: Plant metabolism and alkaloid levels can be regulated by transcription factors that regulate the nicotinic alkaloid biosynthetic pathway. In one embodiment, the disclosure provides a transcription factor that negatively regulates alkaloid biosynthesis, such as nicotine biosynthesis.

Abstract: A portioned moist tobacco product with a super-hydrated membrane coating and method of manufacturing is disclosed. The super-hydrated membrane coating is formed by ionic cross-linking using two polymers. The soluble component of the super-hydrated membrane coating dissolves upon placement in the mouth, while the insoluble component maintains the tobacco within the coating for the duration of the use of the product. The moist tobacco product is soft and flexible so as to fit comfortably in an oral cavity when placed therein.

Abstract: A pocket sized dispenser houses in coiled form a flexible strip of portions of smokeless tobacco sized for placement between a consumer's cheek and gum, where the flexible strip includes a base tape removably attached to the plurality of portions, and wherein the dispenser and strip are adapted to allow a consumer to separate individual portions from the base tape. The individual portions comprise either a collection of tobacco particles at least partially enclosed by a coating comprising a water-soluble non-crosslinked component and a substantially water-insoluble cross-linked component; or pouches attached to the base tape with a food-grade adhesive, the pouches comprising smokeless tobacco enclosed in a water-permeable wrapper with at least one lap-sealed edge. Methods of preparing such are disclosed.

Abstract: A component of a smoking article having tobacco beads. The tobacco beads can be located in a filter and/or a tobacco rod. The filter can be a multi-component filter, wherein an sorbent (preferably upstream) removes at least one constituent from mainstream tobacco smoke passing through the filter and downstream tobacco beads compensates for taste lost to the sorbent. The tobacco beads optionally include flavorants in addition to tobacco particulates. The tobacco beads can be located within a cavity in the filter or within the tow. This component can comprise additional flavors, which are released into the mainstream smoke under ambient conditions. The tobacco beads optionally include binders such as microcrystalline cellulose or other cellulosic material, which can be formed into a paste with tobacco powder and optionally with additional flavors. The paste can be extruded and spheronized to form the tobacco beads.

Abstract: Provided are oral products that provide engaging and flavorful experiences to a user. The oral product includes a plurality of capsules, a powdered component, a viscous component and a binder that create a matrix that is molded into a shape. In a preferred embodiment, the capsules provide functional and flavorful ingredients. In an embodiment, the matrix is enclosed in a porous material that forms a pouch.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition and method useful for creating a class of compounds that provide an emollient effect to the skin. The base formulation includes mixtures of certain oils that have high concentrations of Linoleic Acid, an essential fatty acid. Other oils are chosen which have high concentrations of Gamma-Linolenic Acid, Ricinoleic Acid and Oleic Acid. We have found that the incorporation of dl-alpha-tocopheryl and dl-alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E) improves the formulation and provides an anti-oxidative effect which preserves the end product and provides for a longer shelf life. The method disclosed creates free fatty acids, utilizing base catalyzed trans-esterification, inter-esterification and intra-esterification. The final products are lipid compounds which aid in treating dry skin conditions caused by deficiencies in Linoleic Acid or other fatty acids.

Abstract: Cosmetic compositions are provided that include an extract from a seed of the Nicotiana species, one or more cosmetically acceptable carriers to act as a diluent, dispersant or carrier for the composition, and optionally one or more cosmetic adjuvants. The tobacco seed extract is typically characterized as having a significant lipid content and, thus, finds use as an oil component in a cosmetic composition.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes methods of obtaining and/or deriving proteins from plants of the Nicotiana species and methods for incorporation of such proteins into various products. For example, a method for obtaining a protein-enriched material from a plant of the Nicotiana species or portion thereof is provided, comprising: extracting one or more proteins from the plant material into a solvent to form a liquid protein-containing extract; separating a solid extracted plant material from the liquid protein-containing extract; clarifying the liquid protein-containing extract to form a clarified protein-containing extract and a solids fraction; and treating the clarified protein-containing extract so as to provide a protein-enriched material comprising at least about 60% protein by weight.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes methods of obtaining and/or deriving a sugar-enriched extract from plants of the Nicotiana species and methods for incorporation of such extracts into various tobacco compositions. One exemplary method for preparing a sugar-enriched extract comprises contacting Nicotiana plant material with a solvent and extracting sugars into the solvent to form a liquid sugar-containing extract; separating a solid extracted plant material from the liquid sugar-containing extract; clarifying the liquid sugar-containing extract to form a clarified sugar-containing extract and a solids fraction; and isolating the liquid sugar-containing extract to provide a sugar-enriched extract comprising a combined weight of fructose and glucose of at least about 10% by dry weight. In certain embodiments, the sugars of the extract comprise at least about 50% by weight fructose.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions comprising antimicrobially effective low concentrations of benzyl alcohol, one or more essential oil and one or more botanical extract. The compositions of the application may be used in personal care products including wound care products or in veterinary use. In certain embodiments, compositions are provided having antimicrobial active agents that are substantially or essentially entirely derived from natural sources, thereby allowing the user to avoid harsh and/or toxic chemicals. This may be particularly advantageous in products for use by or on children or pets or for use in households or other environments occupied by children or animals.

Abstract: There is described an herbal hematophagous parasite control composition which comprises Picraena excelsa (Quassia), Foeniculum vulgare (fennel) and Azadirachta indica folium (Neem) provided that the composition is substantially free Juglans nigra folia (black walnut) and/or Allium sativim (garlic). There are also described a method of controlling hematophagous parasites.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of a composition comprising at least one cell membrane fraction or parts thereof, for the reduction of lipolytic activity and/or to retard fat digestion, suppress appetite, body weight and/or lower blood lipids. The invention also relates to the use of said hydrophobic peptide in a pharmaceutical as well as a food composition and methods of treating a mammal with said composition.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for producing hydrogel capsules enveloped with at least one coating layer is disclosed. The coating formulations deposited on the surface of the capsules can improve the physical integrity and the water-retention properties of the alginate beads. The coating formulations can be sequentially applied in various combinations to obtain desirable properties, such as improved physical integrity, mechanical strength, and low permeability, that can extend the shelf-life of the capsules when incorporated into various consumer products.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of a composition comprising at least one cell membrane fraction or parts thereof, for the reduction of lipolytic activity and/or to retard fat digestion, suppress appetite, body weight and/or lower blood lipids. The invention also relates to the use of said hydrophobic peptide in a pharmaceutical as well as a food composition and methods of treating a mammal with said composition.

Abstract: Some embodiments of a tobacco article may include tobacco disposed in a porous matrix. The tobacco article may provide tobacco, tobacco constituents, or both tobacco and tobacco constituents to the consumer's mouth in the form of particles, liquid, or vapor so as to provide tobacco satisfaction to the consumer. In some circumstances, the tobacco may be integrally molded with a plastic material so that at least a portion of the tobacco is disposed in pores of the matrix.

Abstract: A solid oral sensorial product includes at least one botanical material and at least one phosphate containing stain inhibitor. The botanical material is selected from the group consisting of tobacco, tea, coffee, cocoa, and combinations thereof.

Abstract: A nicotine chewing gum composition with improved stability.

Abstract: The present invention relates to soft pastilles for nicotine replacement therapy, said pastille comprises about 0.05% to about 1% of nicotine active; about 5% to about 40% of gelling agent; about 30% to about 70% of plasticizer; about 0.05% to about 10% of sweetener; 0.5% to about 30% of releasing agent; about 0.05% to about 2% of preservative; about 0.01% to 5% of flavoring agent; and about 5% to about 20% of water.

Abstract: Tobacco articles having tobacco disposed in a porous matrix. The tobacco articles can provide tobacco to an adult consumer in the form of particles, liquid, or vapor so as to furnish tobacco satisfaction to the consumer. The tobacco can be integrally molded with a plastic material so that at least a portion of the tobacco is disposed in pores of the matrix.

Abstract: A biocompatible film includes a single layer having a plurality of components, at least one of the plurality of components having a predetermined non-uniform distribution in the thickness direction of the single layer. The at least one of the plurality of components that has a non-uniform distribution in the thickness direction of the single layer may have a substantially uniform distribution in the longitudinal and lateral directions of the single layer. The biocompatible film can be made by depositing a fluid composition including a film forming material and at least one other component immiscible with the film forming material and having a density different than the film forming material into a single layer, and drying the single layer such that the at least one other component has a predetermined non-uniform distribution in the thickness direction of the single layer after drying.

Abstract: A solid oral sensorial product includes at least one botanical material and at least one phosphate containing stain inhibitor. The botanical material is selected from the group consisting of tobacco, tea, coffee, cocoa, and combinations thereof.

Abstract: Nutraceutical compositions containing anatabine and Yerba maté extract are efficacious for temporarily reducing the desire to smoke, reducing nicotine cravings, the treatment of smoking cessation, tobacco withdrawal symptoms, tobacco dependence, weight loss, and/or related disorders.

Abstract: The invention encompasses novel compositions containing a methylation modifying compound isolated from botanical raw materials, including a fruit of the genus Coffea, and microbial raw materials, methods of making such compositions, and methods of treating or preventing human disease using such compositions. The methylation modifying compound in botanical extracts of the present invention can dramatically increase the level of methylation of PP2A, thus increasing cognitive function, particularly in persons suffering from or prone to developing Alzheimer's disease.

Abstract: A method of curing tobacco comprises drying a harvested tobacco plant in a controlled environment for a time sufficient to substantially prevent the formation of at least one nitrosamine. The tobacco is first subjected to the controlled environment while at least a majority of the tobacco is in a green state. The resulting cured tobacco usually has tobacco-specific nitrosamine (TSNA) levels which are undetectable and are similar to levels found in freshly harvested, green tobacco.

Abstract: A bioactive dose for delivering a bioactive agent to a mammal includes a solid bioactive dosage unit containing at least one bioactive agent and a rapid release coating provided on at least one outer surface of the solid bioactive dosage unit. The rapid release coating contains a material having a property of rapidly modulating a pH of bodily fluids in which the material comes in contact in a direction towards a pKa of the at least one bioactive agent and prior to the action of any buffer system internal to the dosage unit. In another embodiment, e.g., to aid oral quick dissolve forms in which it is not desirable to absorb the bioactive in the mouth, the rapid release coating contains a material having a property of rapidly modulating a pH of bodily fluids in which the material comes in contact in a direction away from a pKa of the at least one bioactive agent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to home and personal care compositions comprising a silicone oil-in-water emulsion stabilized by a protein or peptide and at least one home and/or personal care ingredient. Such compositions tend to provide desirable characteristics for the care and conditioning of hair, skin and fabric.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of a composition comprising at least one cell membrane fraction or parts thereof, for the reduction of lipolytic activity and/or to retard fat digestion, suppress appetite, body weight and/or lower blood lipids. The invention also relates to the use of said hydrophobic peptide in a pharmaceutical as well as a food composition and methods of treating a mammal with said composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to soft pastilles for nicotine replacement therapy, said pastille comprises about 0.05% to about 1% of nicotine active; about 5% to about 40% of gelling agent; about 30% to about 70% of plasticizer; about 0.05% to about 10% of sweetener; 0.5% to about 30% of releasing agent; about 0.05% to about 2% of preservative; about 0.01% to 5% of flavouring agent; and about 5% to about 20% of water.

Abstract: A smoking cessation aid is in the form of a lozenge containing powdered tobacco and a therapeutically effective amount of a silver salt. In another embodiment, a lozenge contains nicotine and a therapeutically effective amount of a silver salt. In yet another embodiment, a lozenge contains (i) at least one of anatabine, anabasine, and nornicotine, and (ii) a therapeutically effective amount of a silver salt.

Abstract: A soft, chewable and orally dissolvable and/or disintegrable product includes a biopolymer-sugar based matrix and botanical powder dispersed throughout the biopolymer-sugar based matrix. The biopolymer-sugar based matrix includes at least one biopolymer, at least one sugar and optional additives. Soft, chewable and orally dissolvable and/or disintegrable product can also include flavor beads.

Abstract: The invention relates to a tobacco alkaloid patch (10; 41; 42; 43; 51; 52; 53; 54) for transdermal administration of a tobacco alkaloid, said patch comprising an impermeable backing (11) and a membrane (14) which defines a cavity (12) there between, said membrane being permeable to and in contact with said tobacco alkaloid, said impermeable backing and said membrane being at least partly joined by a sealing and wherein the width (17) of said sealing is at least about 1 mm. According to the invention an improved low-area tobacco alkaloid patch has been obtained.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of an aqueous extract of tobacco leaves for the preparation of a medicament for the treatment of dependence, in particular tobacco dependence, and to a sterile injection solution and a kit which can be used for the treatment of dependence, in particular of tobacco.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel tobacco cultivar designated AOB 176, which has low to intermediate nicotine content. The invention provides seeds of the cultivar AOB 176, plants and parts thereof of the cultivar AOB 176, a tissue culture derived from the cultivar AOB 176, hybrids produced from cultivar AOB 176 and lines derived from cultivar AOB 176, as well as genetically modified forms of the foregoing plants and tissue culture. Also provided are methods of producing cultivar AOB 176 plants, cultivar AOB 176 hybrid plants, and tobacco lines derived from cultivar AOB 176. In addition, products produced from the plants of the present invention are provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions and methods for promoting healing of cutaneous, mucosal and/or mucocutaneous lesions associated with the presence of a mycoplasma and one or more non-mycoplasma microorganisms.

Abstract: Provided are methods of treating patients suffering from or susceptible to at least one symptom of abuse of, dependence on, or withdrawal from at least one substance with Compound A. Also provided are methods of treating at least one phase of substance dependence on at least one substance in patients and certain methods of treating at least one phase of cocaine dependence in patients.

Abstract: MPO1 and MPO2 can be regulated for either decreasing or increasing alkaloid levels in plants, in particular in Nicotiana plants. In particular, suppressing or overexpressing one or more of MPO1 and MPO2 may be used to decrease or increase nicotine and nicotinic alkaloid levels in tobacco plants. Suppression or overexpression of one or more of MPO1 and MPO2 may be used in combination with modification of expression of other genes encoding enzymes on the nicotinic alkaloid biosynthetic pathway such as A622, NBB1, PMT, and QPT.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods of using metaxalone. In one embodiment, the method comprises determining that a patient in need metaxalone therapy is taking a substance that is a n inhibitor or an inducer of a cytochrome p450 isozyme, wherein the cytochrome P450 is CYP1A2, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP2E1, or CYP3A4, and adjusting administration to the patient of metaxalone or the substance to avoid an adverse event associated with metaxalone. In another embodiment, the method comprises informing a user that metaxalone ais metabolized by a cytochrome p450 isozyme, wherein the cytochrome P450 is CYP1A2, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP2E1, or CYP3A4. Also included are articles of manufacture comprising a container containing a dosage form of metaxalone, wherein the container is associated with published material informing that metaxalone affects activity of a cytochrome p450 isozyme. Also disclosed are a method of treatment and a method of manufacturing a metaxalone product.

Abstract: The present application is directed to a method for preparing a solution containing processed nicotine and beverages made according to such method. The beverage produced according to this method does not have the discernible taste, smell or appearance of nicotine.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions for promoting general health and well-being, comprising an extract of a botanical raw material, wherein said extract inhibits the carboxyl demethylating activity of a protein phosphatase, and methods of making and using same.

Abstract: A medicated patch for extracting bee/wasp sting toxins from the human skin includes a flexible substrate layer that has a planar adhesive surface and an annular shape. An annular receptacle is centrally registered on the adhesive surface and is permanently affixed to the substrate layer. A poultice is nested on the receptacle and protrudes upwardly and away from the substrate layer such that the poultice becomes effectively intercalated between the human body surface and the substrate layer when a user affixes the medicated patch onto the human body surface. The poultice is housed in an inactive and dry state during pre-application conditions and is adaptable to an active and hydrated state during application procedures such that the poultice can effectively extract toxins from the human body surface.

Abstract: The invention features a method for inhibiting or reducing the deleterious effects of tobacco smoking including increased incidence of cancers, cardiovascular diseases, various lung disorders and the oxidative effects. The method includes the incorporation of an effective amount of a compound or a standardized plant extract that is that comprises an inhibitor of NF-?B into tobacco or a tobacco product. In particular, it relates to useful NF-?B inhibitor diterpenes and compositions containing them for incorporation into tobacco or a tobacco product.

Abstract: The invention features methods for induction of angiogenesis by administration of nicotine or other nicotine receptor agonist. Induction of angiogenesis by the methods of the invention can be used in therapeutic angiogenesis in, for example, treatment of ischemic syndromes such as coronary or peripheral arterial disease.

Abstract: The invention relates to an herbal composition comprising extract of plant Moringa Oleifera, a member of family Moringaceae, plant Piper Nigrum, a member of family Piperaceae and plant Nicotiana Tabacum, a member of family Solanaceae for treating or alleviating of vascular headaches, neurological conditions and neurodegenerative diseases. The invention also reveals a method of preparing and using the composition.