Abstract: A developing device includes a developer bearer disposed facing a latent image bearer in a developing range to transport developer by rotation, a support to support the developer bearer and including a holder mount, a rod-shaped developer regulator disposed facing a surface of the developer bearer across a gap, and a holder secured to the holder mount of the support to hold the rod-shaped developer regulator. The rod-shaped developer regulator extends in an axial direction of the developer bearer.

Abstract: An intermediate transfer member for electrophotography includes a substrate, a cured static dissipative silicone compliant layer comprising crosslinked silicone polymer formed from a UV light curable siloxane and a UV curing catalyst, and an outermost surface ceramer layer. This intermediate transfer member can be incorporated into a suitable imaging apparatus for forming a toned image on a receiver element.

Abstract: First and second dielectric portions and colored particles have ?polarity, and a regulating portion and an externally added particles have +polarity. In a triboelectric series,(?)<second dielectric portion<first dielectric portion<regulating portion (+) and (?) colored particles<second dielectric portion<first dielectric portion<externally added particles (+). With work functions, the difference between the colored particles and the second dielectric portion<the difference between the second dielectric portion and the externally added particles, the difference between the colored particles and the first dielectric portion<the difference between the first dielectric portion and the externally added particles, and the difference between the colored particles and the regulating portion>the difference between the regulating portion and the externally added particles.

Abstract: The object of the invention is to provide a toner for electrostatic-image development which imparts excellent image quality and a toner cartridge employing the toner. The invention relates to a toner for electrostatic-image development, which satisfies the following requirements (1) and (2): (1) the toner has an average transporting property of 2.9 to 15.1 mg/sec; and (2) the product of the BET specific surface area (m2/g) and volume-average particle diameter (?m) of the toner is 7.7×10?6 to 11.0×10?6 (m3/g).

Abstract: A developing device usable with an image forming apparatus includes a developer carrying member for carrying a developer, a developer accommodating portion for accommodating a developer, and a guiding member having an inclined surface contacting the developer carrying member. The inclined surface guides a developer to a contact portion where the inclined surface contacts the developer carrying member to cause the developer to be carried on the developer carrying member. A regulating member regulates an amount of the developer carried on the developer carrying member. An inclination angle of the inclined surface is in a range not less than an angle of rest of the developer and less than 90 degrees.

Abstract: A developing device includes a developing agent bearing member and a regulating member. The developing agent bearing member bears on a surface thereof a developing agent including colored particles and additive particles disposed on the surface of the colored particles. The surface of the developing agent bearing member includes first and second dielectric portions. The regulating member regulates the thickness of a layer of developing agent borne by the developing agent bearing member. In triboelectric series, the first dielectric portion is between the regulating member and the additive particles, the additive particles are between the first dielectric portion and the second dielectric portion, and the second dielectric portion is between the additive particles and the colored particles. The difference between the work functions of the colored particles and second dielectric portion is smaller than that between the second dielectric portion and additive particles.

Abstract: To obtain a toner which has excellent charge rise and stability, tends to have a sharp charge distribution, has excellent pigment dispersion properties, exhibits no disarray in an image even during a high-speed copying operation, and can stably output high-resolution images. A toner comprising toner particle containing a binder resin, a colorant, resin PA, and resin PB, wherein the resin PA has unit A represented by Formula (1), the resin PB has unit B represented by Formula (2), a content “a” of the unit A in the toner particle is 2.00 ?mol/g or more, and a molar ratio b/a of the content “a” and a content “b” of the unit B in the toner particle is 0.10 or more and 10.00 or less.

Abstract: A radiation-sensitive composition for use in printing plates is described.

Abstract: A toner is formed of toner particles each comprising a binder resin and iron oxide particles dispersed therein. The toner particles are characterized by uniform but non-surface-exposed dispersion of the iron oxide particles within the toner particles as represented by (i) a carbon content (A) and an iron content (B) giving a ratio B/A<0.001 at surfaces of the toner particles as measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, (ii) an average circularity of at least 0.970, and (iii) at least 50% by number of toner particles satisfying D/C≦0.02, wherein C denotes a projection area-equivalent circular diameter of each toner particle and D denotes a minimum distance of iron oxide particles from a surface of the toner particle, based on a sectional view of the toner particle as observed through a transmission electron microscope (TEM).

Abstract: A printer includes a developing roller and a positively charged photosensitive drum. The printer performs impression development by pressing positively charged toner at a nip portion between the photosensitive drum and the developing roller. A developing agent is formed from toner and a charge controlling agent so that a charge amount Q1 of toner on the developing roller before the toner passes through the nip portion is less than the charge amount of toner after the toner passes through the nip portion.

Abstract: A developing apparatus includes a developer container for containing a developer; a developer bearing member for bearing the developer contained in the developer container, the developer bearing member having a surface layer containing substantially spherical particles, wherein a relation between a weight-average particle diameter r (.mu.m) of a toner in the developer and a volume-average particle diameter R (.mu.m) of the spherical particles satisfies an equation 0.5.ltoreq.R/r.ltoreq.1.9.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for developing a image from an electrostatic latent image formed on an image portion of a latent image carrier which is charged to a predetermined potential includes the steps of: supplying to a toner carrier member, toner comprising toner base particles, a first additive constituted by fine particles, and a second additive constituted by fine particles, wherein respective potentials of the toner carrier member, the toner base particles, the first additive and the second additive have a predetermined triboelectric series; using the predetermined triboelectric series to transfer the toner from the toner carrier member to the image portion of the latent image carrier; and developing the image from the transferred toner.

Abstract: An image forming method comprising;a charging step of electrostatically charging a photosensitive member;an exposure step of exposing the charged photosensitive member to form an electrostatic latent image;a developing step of bringing a toner carried on a developer carrying member, into contact with the surface of the photosensitive member to develop the electrostatic latent image to form a toner image on the photosensitive member;a transfer step of transferring the toner image formed on the photosensitive member, to a transfer medium; anda cleaning-at-development step of collecting the toner remaining on the photosensitive member after the transfer step, onto the developer carrying member;a wherein;the surface of said photosensitive member has a contact angle with water of 85.degree. or greater;said toner contains residual monomers in an amount not more than 1,000 ppm; andsaid toner has a shape factor SF-1 of from 100 to 180 and a shape factor SF-2 of from 100 to 140.

Abstract: A method of developing latent electrostatic images and a developer-bearing member for use in the method are disclosed, which method includes the steps of (a) forming numerous micro closed electric fields near the surface of a rotatable developer-bearing member which comprises an electroconductive support and a surface layer formed thereon comprising an electroconductive organic polymeric matrix and numerous minute charge-retainable insulating segments distributed at least one the surface of the surface layer, by electrically charging the surface of the charge-retainable insulating segments; (b) supplying a one-component type developer comprising toner particles to the rotatable developer-bearing member to hold the developer on the rotatable developer-bearing member to hold the developer on the rotatable developer-bearing member by the numerous micro closed electric fields; and (c) bringing the rotatable developer-bearing member near or into contact with a latent-electrostatic-image-bearing member which bears

Abstract: Simulated photographic-quality prints are created using non-photographic imaging such as xerography and ink jet. Reverse or wrong reading toner images are formed on a transparent substrate which is adhered to a coated backing sheet. The backing sheet is coated with a polymer material which serves as an adhesive and has a glass transition temperature less than 55.degree. C. A second coating on the backing sheet which contacts the aforementioned polymer includes a hydrophilic polymer material having a melting point greater than 50.degree. C. and a luminescent material.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for impression development which comprises forming a thin layer of a toner on a surface of a developing roller with a plate-like rigid member, and developing an electrostatic latent image formed on a photoconductor by contacting the thin layer with the electrostatic latent image. The toner comprises toner particles, and prescribed amount of inorganic fine particles (mean particle diameter of 0.1 to 1.0 .mu.m on the volume basis), and/or comprises toner particles which have prescribed distribution of the odd-shape degree of the toner particle (mean value of the odd-shape degree and the proportion of the number of toner particles having the odd-shape degree of not more than 0.2). According to the method for impression development, it becomes possible to form an image having no failures and good image quality.

Abstract: A developing method using negative toner, constituted by a toner carrier 1 and toner so that triboelectric series of the toner carrier 1, a toner base particle 3 and a surface additives 2 have a relationship in which the toner carrier 1, the surface additives 2 and the toner base particle 3 are arranged in this order from the plus side.

Abstract: The improved image forming method reduces the chance of toner particles of adhering or filming on the surfaces of impression members, thereby enabling the formation of high-resolution image in a consistent and reliable manner. The method uses a charging member 4 for contact charging a latent image carrier 1, a developing member 11 for impression development of a pattern of latent electrostatic image, a transfer member 18 for impression transfer of the developed toner 10, and an impression cleaning member 23 for cleaning the latent image carrier 1 after toner transfer. The toner to be used satisfies one of the following conditions: that it should have an external additive added in an amount of 0.4 to 1.2 wt %; that it should have a volume resistivity of at least 10.sup.17 .OMEGA.cm; that it should incorporate a release agent in an amount no more than 5 wt %; or that it should not include large amounts of fine particles with a size of 5 .mu.m and less, or coarse particles with a size of 12.7 .mu.m and more.

Abstract: A developing method using negative toner, constituted by a toner carrier 1 and toner so that triboelectric series of the toner carrier 1, a toner base particle 3 and a surface additives 2 have a relationship in which the toner carrier 1, the surface additives 2 and the toner base particle 3 are arranged in this order from the plus side.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for producing a hardcopy reproduction of image information. A uniform layer of toner particles is applied to a surface. A receiver sheet with a thermoplastic outer layer is placed over the layer of toner particles, the thermoplastic layer contacting the layer of toner particles. An electrostatic attraction is established between the layer of toner particles and the receiver sheet. The thermoplastic layer is imagewise exposed to heat to selectively soften the thermoplastic layer, allowing the toner particles opposite the softened thermoplastic to migrate into the layer. The receiver sheet is then removed from the surface, taking with it the migrated particles in an imagewise pattern.

Abstract: The present invention provides a contact-type developing method for developing a static latent image using a single-component non-magnetic toner wherein a non-magnetic toner fusion is hardly occurred. In the contact-type developing method for developing a static latent image using a single-component non-magnetic toner, a single-component non-magnetic toner essentially consisting of a coloring agent and a binder resin of a styrene copolymer having a number average molecular weight of 8,000 to 30,000 and a weight average molecular weight of 100,000 to 300,000, and having a single peak molecular-weight distribution in a gel partition chromatograph is employed.

Abstract: A method of forming a developer layer on a rotating developing sleeve for developing a latent image on an image carrier, in which the developer layer is formed by conveying the developer on the sleeve below a regulating member which is applied with pressure onto the developer. The developer composed of two-component additionally contains spacer particles having a uniform diameter greater than the maximum diameter of carrier particles in the developer, which maintain a predetermined gap equal to the diameter of the spacer particles between the sleeve and the regulating member.

Abstract: A toning method and member for electrostatography wherein a recording member containing information on its image bearing surface in the form of electrostatic latent images of one polarity is toned by attracting to such latent images toner material of opposite polarity including providing a carrier or toning member according to the invention containing on at least one surface thereof a dry pre-toner coating; activating such pre-toner coating with an insulative solvent to thereby solvate and confer opposite polarity to such pre-toner coating contained thereon while rendering such pre-toner coating releasable from the carrier member; establishing virtual contact between the activated and releasable pre-toner coating on the carrier member and the image bearing surface of the recording member; transferring the pre-toner coating in image configuration onto the recording member by attraction to the latent images to form toner deposits thereon; and separating the carrier member from the recording member.

Abstract: A process for developing a latent image with a developer is provided which comprises(1) forming a layer of a developer comprising a magnetic toner containing magnetic powder having a BET specific surface area of 2 to 20 m.sup.2 /g on a member for supporting the developer,(2) bringing an electrophotographic photosensitive member holding the latent image into contact with said developer layer, said electrophotographic photosensitive member comprising an organic photoconductive material having a surface hardness more than 10 g,(3) forming a toner image on said electrophotographic photosensitive member,(4) transferring the toner image onto the transfer material, and(5) cleaning the electrophotographic photosensitive member having passed through the transferring step with a cleaning member. Said developer may alternatively comprises magnetic particles containing a binder and magnetic powder having a BET specific surface area of 2 to 20 m.sup.

Abstract: An electrostatographic method and apparatus for developing an electrostatic latent image on an imaging surface, comprises a charging doner member which is preferably a rotatably mounted roll closely spaced from the imaging surface at one portion and having a housing means to be filled with toner positioned adjacent the doner member at another portion together with a web screen located in the housing and adapted to contact the donor member on the portion of its surface opposite the imaging member; the donor member having a surface comprising an active polymer having a basic amine moiety whereby when the donor roll is rotated the rubbing contact between the toner, the screen means and the donor member produces negatively charged toner particles. In a preferred embodiment the active polymer having a basic amine moiety is selected from poly(2-vinylpyridine), poly(4-vinylpyridine), polyvinylpyrolidone, poly (dimethyl aminoethyl methacrylate) and the toner includes a minor amount of fumed silica additive.

Abstract: A pressure-fixable capsule toner for electrophotography having characteristics such as good combination of fixability and durability and also a stable charge controlling characteristic is provided. The core materials typically are of polyethylene or paraffin wax. The shell material is a vinyl polymer characterized by low molecular weight distribution represented by a ratio of weight-average molecular weight/number average molecular weight of not larger than 3.5. The vinyl polymer is preferably a copolymer of styrene or a derivative thereof and a tertiary amino-group containing vinyl monomer.

Abstract: Composition of matter for electrostatic image development and a method for developing therewith an electrostatic charge pattern of positive charge, wherein the composition consists of powder particles containing at least 80% by weight of a mixture of at least 30% by weight of:a polyester derived from fumaric acid or a mixture of fumaric acid and isophthalic acid wherein the fumaric acid represents at least 95 mole % of the acids and a polyol blend of propoxylated bisphenol characterized by the formula: ##STR1## wherein m and n are integers with the proviso that the average sum of m and n is from 2 to 7, and either or both ofa copolymer of ethylene, maleic acid and/or maleic anhydride wherein from 50 to 70 mol % of ethylene repeating units are present, anda wax of the group consisting of castor wax and montan wax.

Abstract: Electrostatic latent images are developed by closely positioning a developer carrying member having on a surface a developer composed of fine particles containing an organic semiconductor and being insulating at a normal state adjacent to an electrostatic latent image bearing surface in such a manner that the surface provided with the developer of the developer carrying member facaes the electrostatic latent image bearing surface, and thereby electric charges which are opposite in polarity to the electric charges of the electrostatic latent images being injected into the developer from the developer carrying member by an electric field formed between the electrostatic latent image bearing surface and the developer carrying member and the electrostatic latent images being developed by the developer.