Abstract: Aspects include methods of fabricating antibacterial surfaces for medical implant devices including patterning a photoresist layer on a silicon substrate and etching the silicon to generate a plurality of nanopillars. Aspects also include removing the photoresist layer from the structure and coating the plurality of nanopillars with a biocompatible film. Aspects also include a system for preventing bacterial infection associated with medical implants including a thin silicon film including a plurality of nanopillars.

Abstract: Lithographic printing plates and processes for preparing the lithographic printing plates are provided. The plates have excellent printing durability, staining resistance and staining resistance over time. The lithographic printing plate precursor includes: a substrate; a photosensitive layer provided on the substrate; and an extra layer optionally provided between the substrate and the photosensitive layer. The photosensitive layer or the extra layer adjacent to the substrate contains (A) a copolymer. The copolymer (A) includes: (a1) a repeating unit of formula (a1-1) below in a side chain, and (a2) a repeating unit having at least one of the structures represented by formulae (a2-1) to (a2-6) shown in the specification in a side chain. L1, Z1, R1, and R21, R22 and R23 in formula (a1-1) and the variables in formulae (a2-1) to (a2-6) are as defined in the specification.

Abstract: A lithographic processing solution has a pH of less than 12 and comprises at least 0.001 and up to and including 1 weight % of a water-soluble or water-dispersible, non-IR-sensitive compound that has a heterocyclic moiety with a quaternary nitrogen in the 1-position of the heterocyclic ring, and has one or more electron donating substituents attached to the heterocyclic ring, at least one of which electron donating substituents is attached in the 2-position. This processing solution can be used to develop both single-layer and multi-layer positive-working lithographic printing plate precursors that have been imaged using infrared radiation.

Abstract: A lithographic printing plate precursor comprising a coating provided on a support having a hydrophilic surface, the coating containing thermoplastic polymer particles and an IR-dye characterized in that the IR-dye contains a structural element according to Formula I wherein A represents hydrogen, halogen or a monovalent organic group; Y and Y? independently represent —CH— or —N—; R1 and R2 independently represent hydrogen, an optionally substituted alkyl or aryl group or represent the necessary atoms to form a ring; * represents the linking positions to the rest of the molecule.

Abstract: A lithographic printing plate precursor in a positive-type with an infrared-sensitivity, having a support and an image recording layer provided on the support, the support having a hydrophilic surface, the recording layer having a particular resin, an amphoteric surfactant and/or an anionic surfactant, and an infrared absorbing agent, wherein the particular resin being at least one of resins selected from the group consisting of a polyurethane resin, a poly (vinyl acetal) resin, and maleimide resin A.

Abstract: a method for preparing a lithographic printing plate that includes imagewise exposing a lithographic printing plate precursor comprising a coating provided on a support having a hydrophilic surface, the coating containing thermoplastic polymer particles and an infrared radiation absorbing dye characterized in that the coating further comprises a phenolic stabilizer.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention involve three-layer printing members having a central layer that is non-conductive yet abalatable at commercially realistic fluence levels. In various embodiments, the central layer is polymeric with a dispersion of nonconductive carbon black particles therein at a loading level sufficient to provide at least partial layer ablatability and water compatibility of the resulting ablation debris.

Abstract: Negative-working lithographic printing plate precursor a negative-working imagable layer and an outermost water-soluble overcoat layer that is disposed directly on the negative-working imagable layer. The outermost water-soluble overcoat layer comprises: (1) one or more film-forming water-soluble polymeric binders, and (2) organic wax particles dispersed therein. The organic wax particles have an average largest dimension of at least 0.05 ?m and up to and including 0.7 ?m, as determined from a scanning electron micrographic of the dried outermost water-soluble overcoat layer. Useful organic wax particles include fluorinated or non-fluorinated hydrocarbon wax particles.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention involve printing members that utilize a particle-fusion imaging mechanism but avoid susceptibility to handling damage. In particular, printing plates in accordance with the invention may utilize two phases, and these may originate, during manufacture, as two particle systems. Both systems are initially dispersed in a single coating applied as a layer, or in multiple coatings applied as adjacent layers, on a substrate. The second particle system exhibits a glass-transition or thermal coalescing temperature well above room temperature and also above the temperature at which the coating is dried. The coalescing temperature of the first particle system is below the drying temperature. As a result, when the coating is dried, the first particle system coalesces and forms a binder that entrains the second particle system, which has not coalesced.

Abstract: An infrared sensitive, positive-working, image forming composition and element are disclosed. The image forming composition comprises a 1,1-di[(alkylphenoxy)ethoxy]cyclohexane, an infrared absorbing dye having a maximum absorption peak in the range of from about 700 nm to about 1100 nm, and a novolac polymer. The composition is applied and dried on a planar, hydrophilic substrate to form an image forming element, in particular, a planographic printing plate. Upon imagewise exposure to a near-infrared radiation source, the infrared dye absorbs light in the exposed areas and converts it to heat, which causes a disruption in the matrix of the image forming composition. Upon development with an aqueous alkaline developer, the exposed areas are removed while the nonexposed areas remain, thus forming a positive image.

Abstract: A lithographic printing plate precursor comprises an imageable layer comprising a free radically polymerizable component, an initiator composition capable of generating free radicals upon exposure to imaging infrared radiation, an infrared radiation absorbing dye that is defined by Structure (I) shown in the disclosure, which dyes comprise one or more ethylenically unsaturated polymerizable groups in an organic group that is attached to the methine chain. These infrared radiation absorbing dyes exhibit a reduced tendency to crystallize in the imageable layers in the presence of tetraaryl borate counter anions and therefore provide improved shelf life.

Abstract: A mask blank manufacturing department manufactures a mask blank by forming a thin film to be a mask pattern on a mask blank transparent substrate. When providing the mask blank to a mask manufacturing department, the mask blank manufacturing department provides optical characteristic information (transmittance variation) of the mask blank transparent substrate and optical characteristic information (transmittance variation and/or phase difference variation) of the mask blank to the mask manufacturing department. The optical characteristic information of the mask blank transparent substrate is provided to the mask blank manufacturing department from a materials processing department that manufactures mask blank transparent substrates.

Abstract: An imageable element can be imaged using non-ablative processes. This element has a non-silicone, non-crosslinked layer contiguous to and under an ink-repelling crosslinked silicone rubber layer. These elements can be used for providing lithographic printing plates useful for waterless printing (no fountain solution). Processing after imaging is relatively simple with either water or an aqueous solution consisting essentially of a surfactant or mechanical means to remove the crosslinked silicone rubber layer and a minor portion of the non-silicone, non-crosslinked layer in the imaged regions.

Abstract: A negative-working lithographic printing plate precursor can be imaged with infrared radiation and processed in a single step using a single processing solution having a pH of from about 3 to 11. The precursor has a primary polymeric binder that comprises recurring units derived from one or more N-alkoxymethyl(meth)acrylamides, provided that such recurring units are present in the primary polymeric binder in an amount of at least 10% based on the total dry primary polymeric binder weight. In addition, the primary polymeric binder is present in an amount of from about 12 to about 70% based on total imageable layer dry weight. The imaged precursor can be processed off-press or on-press.

Abstract: Radiation-sensitive element comprising: (a) one or more types of monomers each comprising at least one ethylenically unsaturated group accessible to a free-radical polymerization, (b) at least one sensitizer, (c) at least one coinitiator capable of forming free radicals together with the sensitizer (b) and selected from the following classes of compounds: metallocenes; 1,3,5-triazine derivatives with one to three CX3 groups, wherein X represents chlorine or bromine; peroxides; hexaarylbiimidazoles; oxime ethers; oxime esters; N-aryl glycines and derivatives thereof; thiol compounds; N-aryl, S-aryl and O-aryl polycarboxylic acids with at least 2 carboxyl groups of which at least one is bonded to the N, S or O atom of the aryl unit; alkyltriarylborates; benzoin ethers; benzoin esters; trihalogenomethylarylsulfones; amines; N,N-dialkylaminobenzoic acid esters; aromatic sulfonyl halides; trihalogenomethylsulfones; imides; diazosulfonates; 9,10-dihydroanthracene derivatives; a-hydroxy and a-amino acetophenones; an

Abstract: Disclosed is an image forming method possessing the steps of producing a planographic printing plate via a development treatment of exposing a hydrophilic surface of an aluminum support by removing a thermosensitive image formation layer provided on the hydrophilic surface, that is not imagewise heated on a printing press, after imagewise heating a planographic printing plate material having the thermosensitive image formation layer provided on the hydrophilic surface of the aluminum support, and of treating the planographic printing plate with an ink cleaning agent after printing, wherein the hydrophilic surface is colored by a colorant having a solubility of 5-100 g, based on 1 liter of n-decane, and the colorant on the hydrophilic surface exposed after removing the thermosensitive image formation layer is removed in the above step of treating the planographic printing plate with an ink cleaning agent.

Abstract: Achromatic multilayer diffractive pigment flakes and foils are provided having diffractive structures thereon. The diffractive pigment flakes can have a symmetrical stacked coating structure on opposing sides of a reflective core layer, an asymmetrical stacked coating structure on one side of a reflective layer, or can be formed with one or more encapsulating coatings around the reflective core layer. The diffractive pigment flakes can be interspersed into liquid media such as paints or inks to produce diffractive compositions for subsequent application to a variety of objects. The foils can be laminated to various objects or can be formed on a carrier substrate. The diffractive pigment flakes and foils can be formed with a variety of diffractive structures thereon to produce selected optical effects. The diffractive foils and diffractive compositions applied to an object exhibit an iridescent diffractive effect over an achromatic background.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a photosensitive resin composition or a photosensitive resist for color filters which is superior in heat resistance, water resistance, solvent resistance, chemical resistance, and also transparency, and a method for producing color filters using them. The present invention relates to a photosensitive resin composition comprising a vinyl polymer (A) having at least one cyclocarbonate group and at least one carboxyl group in the molecule and a compound (B) having at least two ethylenically unsaturated double bonds in the molecule as a main component, which can introduce crosslinked structures by photocuring and thermosetting, a photosensitive resist for color filters comprising the photosensitive resin composition and a colorant, and a method for producing a color filter, using the photosensitive resist for color filters.

Abstract: A method of making a printing plate from a heat-sensitive PS plate of a positive-working mode for lithographic printing includes the steps of exposing the heat-sensitive PS plate to light and developing the PS plate using an alkaline developing solution containing at least one surfactant selected from the group consisting of anionic surfactants and ampholytic surfactants, and a salt selected from the group consisting of alkali metal salts and ammonium cation salts. The PS plate has a substrate and an image forming layer formed thereon, the image forming layer including a lower layer which is formed on the substrate and contains a water-insoluble and alkali-soluble resin and an upper heat-sensitive layer which is overlaid on the lower layer and contains a water-insoluble and alkali-soluble resin and an infrared absorption dye and exhibits an elevated solubility with respect to alkaline aqueous solutions when heated.

Abstract: Flexographic printing plates are produced by exposing the photopolymer plates to a light source and washing out (developing) the masked out, non-exposed areas with a solvent. The invention provides methyl ester solvents suitable for use in the development of photopolymer printing plates. The solvents, which include methyl esters alone or mixed with co-solvents and/or non-solvents, are effective in developing a large number of different photopolymer printing plates and can produce images superior to those obtained with commercially available solvents currently used in such applications.

Abstract: Flexographic printing plates are produced by exposing the photopolymer plates to a light source and washing out (developing) the masked out, non-exposed areas with a solvent. The invention provides methyl ester solvents suitable for use in the development of photopolymer printing plates. The solvents, which include methyl esters alone or mixed with co-solvents and/or non-solvents, are effective in developing a large number of different photopolymer printing plates and can produce images superior to those obtained with commercially available solvents currently used in such applications.

Abstract: A high resolution patterning method of a resist layer is disclosed by patternwise irradiation of a resist layer with electron beam utilizing a polysubstituted triphenylene compound as the electron beam resist material, which is graphitized and made insoluble in both polar and non-polar organic solvents for electron doses greater than 2×10−3 C/cm2, and which undergoes cleavage of the adduct chains and extensive de-aromatization of the triphenylene core therefore enhancing the solubility in polar solvents only for electron doses between 3×10−4 and 2×10−3 C/cm2. The thus formed positive or negative tone resist layer is highly resistant against dry etching to ensure the utility of the method in fine patterning work for the manufacture of semiconductor devices.

Abstract: Standard array, programmable image forming process. The process includes the steps of providing or forming a standardized array of pixel sites (16) on a surface of a substrate (12), each pixel site (16) including at least one color element (18, 20, 22) or colored sub-pixel at a predetermined location on the substrate (12), and providing or forming an opaque layer (24) over the pixel sites (16) obscuring the color elements (18,20,22) or sub-pixels thereof, the opaque layer (24) being changeable for rendering selected of the color elements (18,20,22) or sub-pixels visible for forming the image. The substrate (12) can include a paper material or a plastics film such as a transparent film, and the pixels sites (16) can be mass produced thereon by a suitable process, such as ink printing process, a thermal printing process, a laser printing process or the like.

Abstract: A developing treatment apparatus has a spin chuck for supporting a semiconductor wafer on which a photoresist to be developed is formed by suction and rotating it at least two rotating speeds including a low speed and a high speed, a washing liquid supplying nozzle for supplying pure water onto the surface the photoresist, and a developer supplying nozzle for supplying a developer on the same surface. While the semiconductor wafer is supported on the spin chuck by suction and rotated at a low speed, pure water is supplied from the tip of the washing liquid supplying nozzle.

Abstract: Proposed is an aqueous alkaline developer solution used in the development treatment of a photoresist layer, especially, formed on an aluminum surface of a substrate. Different from conventional aqueous alkaline developer solutions which attack the aluminum surface in the development treatment to cause discoloration or corrosion, the inventive developer solution is free from such troubles by virtue of the specific formulation including, besides 2 to 10% by weight of tetramethylammonium hydroxide as the effective developing ingredient, 20 to 50% by weight of a polyhydric alcohol which is preferably glycerin.

Abstract: In a colored image forming material comprising (a) a copolymer containing a carboxyl group, (b) a coloring agent, (c) a monomer containing at least one photopolymerizable unsaturated bond in the molecule, (d) a photoinitiator and, when required, (e) a specific sensitizer, the dispersion stability of pigment and the optical sensitivity can be considerably increased by using a specific copolymer of styrene derivative-maleic acid derivative as component (a) and specific benzoimidazole or benzothiazole as component (e), and a photosensitive element or a color filter with distinguished optical characteristics can be obtained therefrom.

Abstract: A process for forming a colored partial picture element comprises a step of forming a colored light-sensitive resin composition layer on a transparent substrate by transfer so as to cover at least a part of multicolor patterns formed by picture elements each having one of the three primary colors of light which are provided on the transparent substrate, a step of irradiating the colored light-sensitive resin composition layer with an active ray through the transparent substrate to cure it, and a step of developing the above colored light-sensitive resin composition layer to form a colored partial picture element at a part where at least a part of the above multi-color patterns is not present, wherein the picture element of at least one color of the picture elements having the three primary colors of light contains at least one compound selected from the compounds represented by the following formulas (I) to (III) ##STR1## wherein variables in formulas (I)-(III) are defined in the specification.

Abstract: Reactive polymeric dyes are provided comprising a chromophoric moiety derived from at least one free radically polymerizable dye and an azlactone moiety derived from 2-alkenylazlactone such that the free radically polymerizable dye is incorporated into the backbone of the polymer. Alternatively, 2-alkenylazlactone is polymerized and then derivatized with a nucleophilic dye or dyes, such that the chromophoric potion of the dye is pendent to the polymer backbone. Both types of reactive polymeric dyes may also contain additional polymerized monomeric units. The reactive polymeric dyes of the present invention can be used in a photoresist system and in particular in a color proofing construction.

Abstract: An azo dye for use in color filters soluble in alkaline aqueous solutions and organic solvents and having in one molecule at least one sulfonamido group of which one hydrogen atom is substituted; and a method for producing a color filter having a plurality of color filter elements which comprises the steps of a) coating a substrate with an organic solvent solution of a photoresist composition containing said azo dye and drying the coat to form an adhering layer, b) exposing a specific part of said layer to radiation ray, c) developing the exposed or unexposed region with alkali to form a colored pattern, and d) repeating the steps a)-c) on every dye of different color present in said composition.

Abstract: A photosensitive colored material mainly composed of an aromatic polyamide or polyimide resin having a photosensitive group in its molecule, a coloring matter, and a solvent, wherein; said solvent comprises a first solvent component capable of independently dissolving said resin alone and a second solvent component having a smaller surface tension than said first solvent component and incapable of independently solving said resin; and the content of said first solvent component is larger than the content of said second solvent component.

Abstract: A photosensitive colored material mainly composed of an aromatic polyamide or polyimide resin having a photosensitive group in its molecule, a coloring matter, and a solvent, wherein; said solvent comprises a first solvent component capable of independently dissolving said resin alone and a second solvent component having a smaller surface tension than said first solvent component and incapable of independently solving said resin; and the content of said first solvent component is larger than the content of said second solvent component.

Abstract: A process for preparing embossed, finely-divided, thin, bright-metal particles which process comprises forming an embossed release surface to at least one side of a carrier sheet, depositing a metal film onto the release surface so that the metal film conforms to the embossed surface, solubilizing the release surface, removing the metal film from the carrier sheet, and breaking the thin metal film into embossed particles having an average diameter of between 25 to 50 microns. The film may also take the form of an optical stack.

Abstract: A process for the production of a color image is described, in which a photosensitive material that has a temporary support film, a colored photosensitive layer and an adhesion-promoting layer that can be activated by heat is laminated at high temperature and under pressure with an image-receiving material which carries, on a support, a pigment layer containing a white pigment. The photosensitive layer is exposed imagewise and developed to produce an image, the temporary support film is peeled off from the image-receiving material before or after exposure to light and, if required, these steps are repeated with at least one further photosensitive material whose colored layer has another color to produce a multi-colored image. The process gives color images having a smaller dot enlargement compared with a halftone original and is particularly suitable for the color testing of copy for multicolor printing.

Abstract: An aqueous processable element for thermally-induced photoimaging and a photoimaging process using the element are disclosed. The element comprises, in order:(A) a dimensionally stable support, and(B) an active layer comprising:(1) a cationic polymer containing pendant ammonium groups, said cationic polymer being removable from said support by aqueous processing, said pendant groups having the general formula:--N (R.sub.1)(R.sub.2)(R.sub.3)!.sup.+ X.sup.-,(2) an infra-red absorbing material, and(3) optionally, a colorant;wherein:R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, substituted and unsubstituted alkyl, substituted and unsubstituted alkenyl, and substituted and unsubstituted aryl;R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 together contain not more than about thirty carbon atoms; andX is an anion.

Abstract: A method for removing a liquid crystal alignment film from a liquid crystal cell substrate having the alignment film formed by coating a solution containing, as the main component, a polyamic acid having, as the main repeating units, a chemical structure of the following formula (1): ##STR1## wherein each of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R.sub.3 is a bivalent organic group constituting a diamine, and n is from 10 to 1,000, followed by baking, which method comprises irradiating said liquid crystal cell substrate with ultraviolet rays having wavelengths within a range of from 230 to 300 nm and then treating it with an aprotic highly polar organic solvent or an alkaline solvent.

Abstract: A light-shielding light-sensitive resin composition containing at least (1) an alkali soluble binder, (2) a photopolymerization initiator, (3) an addition-polymerizable monomer having an ethylenically unsaturated double bond, and (4) at least two coloring agents, wherein the light-shielding light-sensitive resin composition is characterized in that said resin composition is equivalent or close to a black color in terms of hue and, when formed into a light-shielding light-sensitive resin layer having a layer thickness of 1 to 3 micrometers, has a transmittability in a visible ray region of 2 or less and a ratio of the transmittability in the visible region to the transmittability in the UV region of 1:1 to 20:1.

Abstract: A method for producing a color filter comprising exposing a portion of the color filter corresponding to colored portions through a different pattern mask by colors and in an irradiation dose varying for each mask to effect patterning and successively coloring the pattern portions smaller or larger in the order of light irradiation dose by way of development and electrodeposition.

Abstract: Disclosed is an image forming process employing a light-sensitive image forming material and a developing solution. The image forming material comprises a support and either a light-sensitive resin layer containing a pigment or a colorant layer containing a pigment and a light-sensitive resin layer, superposed in order. The process comprises the steps of imagewise exposing the image forming material to light and developing the material by the use of an alkaline developing solution containing at least one of compounds having the following formula (1): ##STR1## wherein each of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 independently represents hydrogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms which may be substituted or an aryl group which may be substituted, M.sup.1 represents hydrogen, potassium or an ammonium group, Y represents hydrogen or --SO.sub.3 M.sub.2 (in which M.sup.2 represents sodium, potassium or an ammonium group and M.sup.2 may be the same as or different from M.sup.

Abstract: A photochemical method of making a tactile design comprises the steps of exposing to light a selected portion of photo-sensitive layer-supported by a substrate; applying a decorative coating to the photo-sensitive layer; applying a photo-sensitive emulsion over the decorative coating; exposing to light the same selected portion of the photo-sensitive emulsion; and removing the photo-sensitive emulsion, the decorative coating, and the photo-sensitive layer from the non-selected portions. The tactile design comprises a layer of photo-sensitive material fixedly attached to a selected portion of a substrate wherein the layer has been exposed to light and the layer projects away from the surface of the substrate a sufficient distance to be sensitive to the touch. At least one decorative coating is fixedly attached to the photo-sensitive layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a photosensitive resin composition for use in a light-shielding film, comprising a photosensitive resin and a light-shielding coloring material, wherein light transmission properties after formation of the light-shielding film are controlled by the light-shielding coloring material so that (i) the light transmission through the light-shielding film is 1% or more in at least one wavelength of a light wavelength region of from 330 nm to less than 425 nm, and (ii) the light transmission through the light-shielding film is 2% or less in a light wavelength region of from 425 to 650 nm.

Abstract: A process for producing an imaged article with little or no residual dye stain and with a colored image involving the steps of:(a) exposing a positive- or negative-acting photoresist to radiation having a wavelength in the range of from about 300 to 1100 nm, the photoresist containing:(i) a photosensitive composition; and(ii) a dye, capable of sensitizing a photolyzable organic halogen compound, in reactive association with an aromatic iodonium salt or halogenated triazine compound,thereby forming an image in the exposed or unexposed areas of the photoresist;(b) developing the image resulting from step (a); and(c) bleaching the remaining sensitizing dye in the photoresist by simultaneously heating and exposing the sensitizing dye and aromatic iodonium salt or halogenated triazine compound to radiation having a wavelength in the range of about 300 to about 700 nm at a temperature of at least about 40.degree. C.

Abstract: A method for processing a photosensitive copying material comprises the steps of imagewise exposing to light a photosensitive copying material which comprises in order (i) a first photosensitive organic coating layer whose solubility in a developer varies through irradiation with light rays and (ii) a second organic coating layer containing a water-insoluble and organic solvent-soluble polymeric compound having an film-forming ability and then developing the imagewise exposed copying material, wherein the imagewise exposed material is dipped in the developer and then water-washed to remove the first and second organic coating layers on non-image portions. According to this method, the ability of the developer to process photosensitive copying materials is substantially improved, the amount of the waste liquor can substantially be reduced and a problem of environmental pollution can effectively be solved.

Abstract: In forming a resist pattern by forming a resist film containing an acid generator on a spin on glass film or a silicon resin film and subsequent exposure of light, an inhomogeneous distribution of an acid in the resist film caused by the spin on glass film or the silicon resin film is remedied by adding an acid generator beforehand into the spin on glass film or the silicon resin film or by using an organic polymer containing an acid generator. As a result, a profile defect in a cross section of the resist pattern caused by inhomogeneous acid distribution is prevented and the resist pattern has a rectangular cross-sectional shape.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing a multicolored proof, using a radiation-sensitive recording material which comprises a temporary, sheet-shaped layer support, a thermally transferable layer containing a colorant in one primary color and a radiation-sensitive layer. The process comprises the steps of: a) exposing the recording material imagewise b)developing the exposed layer with an aqueous-alkaline solution to uncover the thermally transferable image areas, and c) contacting the coated side of the recording material with an image receptor and transferring the transferable image areas to the image receptor, with the application of heat and pressure, to produce a partial image in the first primary color. The above-described process steps are repeated at least once, using a radiation-sensitive recording material which contains a colorant in another primary color in its thermally transferable layer.

Abstract: An image development method is disclosed. In the method, a photoresist layer on a metal surface is exposed for development. The developer then used is a solution which will both develop the photoresist image and cause any exposed metal surface to change to a predetermined color. The development process then proceeds until the predetermined color is exposed whereupon the process ceases. The preferred metal is copper and the preferred developer is an aqueous solution of sodium sulphide and ammonium polysulfide.

Abstract: A new liquid cleaner composition is provided for the mild and gentle removal of polymeric materials from sufaces without leaving any residues. The said new cleaner composition is an emulsion of the water-in-oil type comprising an aqueous phase finely dispersed in a continuous phase selected from the group consisting of nonflammable, fire-retardant, high-boiling, and fire-retardant and high-boiling organic phases, the volume ratio of the finely dispersed aqueous phase to the continuous organic phase being in the range of from 90:10 to 10:90. The new liquid cleaner composition can contain alcohols, surface-active agents and further useful additives. The new liquid cleaner composition is most preferably used in the process for preparing photopolymerized flexographic relief printing plates as the developer for washing out the non-irradiated and thus non-photopolymerized areas of the imagewise irradiated relief-forming recording layers of the said flexographic relief printing plates.

Abstract: Photochemical and electroless metallization techniques have been combined to create high resolution circuits with line widths and spaces of about one mil on alumina substrates. In this process, small amounts of a xylene-soluble platinum metallo-organic compound are first applied to the surface of the alumina substrate. A mask is then used to selectively expose the platinum metallo-organic compound to ultraviolet light in the areas that are to be metallized, so as to transform the platinum metallo-organic compound into a xylene-insoluble form. After a xylene rinse removes the original soluble platinum compound from the unexposed areas, the substrate is fired in air at about 450.degree. C. for about five minutes, so as to pyrolize the insoluble, irradiated platinum metallo-organic compound into catalytically active platinum. This is followed by electroless deposition of copper onto the ultraviolet-treated regions where the catalytically active platinum resides.

Abstract: A novel color image recording method is provided, which comprises exposing to light a light-sensitive material obtained by dispersing a composition containing at least a photopolymerization initiator, a color image-forming substance and a polymerizable compound in a hydrophilic binder and then coating said dispersion on a support, subjecting said polymerizable compound in the exposed portions to polymerization, and then (a) eluting said color image-forming substance contained in the unpolymerized polymerizable compound in the unexposed portions with an alkaline aqueous solution or (b) subjecting said color image-forming substance contained in the unpolymerized polymerizable compound in the unexposed portions to chemical change so that it is discolored, thereby forming dye images.

Abstract: A method of forming a color filter array which includes forming only a single image mordant layer on a device and then exposing the mordant to a pattern representing an array of filter elements and developing areas of the mordant to provide separated filter elements. These filter elements are then selectively dyed different colors.

Abstract: A developer for PS plates requiring no dampening water which comprise a substrate provided thereon with a primer layer, photopolymerizable light-sensitive layer and a silicone rubber layer in this order, comprises: (i) an organic solvent which can dissolve or swell non-exposed portions of the photopolymerizable light-sensitive layer and whose solubility in water at ordinary temperature is not more than 20% by weight; (ii) a surfactant; and (iii) water. The developer is excellent in developing properties and dot reproduction, shows high stability and does not cause scratches on the silicone rubber layer during development.