Abstract: The present invention relates to a cyclic amine surface modifier. In addition the present invention also relates to organic electronic devices comprising such cyclic amine surface modifier.

Abstract: The present invention aims to provide a sheet of microfiber assembly having a high filtering performance suitable as an oil-mist filter. A sheet of microfiber assembly 2 comprises microfibers 1 each having a fiber diameter of 3,000 nm or less and is formed of a mixture of water-insoluble but alcohol-soluble acetalized polyvinyl alcohol resin and water-insoluble but alcohol-soluble fluorine resin.

Abstract: The toner is a low-environmental load toner for electrostatic image development. The toner includes toner particles containing a resin. The resin contains a vinyl polymer having a structural unit represented by the following general formula (1). In the formula, R1 to R5 are each a hydrogen atom, an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or —OCOR6 (R6 is an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms), at least two of R1 to R5 are hydrogen atoms, and at least one thereof is an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or —OCOR6.

Abstract: An apparatus configured to create a resistive pathway for an electronic assembly is disclosed. In one embodiment, the pathway can be formed with a resistive film in conjunction with a conductive adhesive and a coverlay. In another embodiment, the resistive film, the conductive adhesive and the coverlay can be relatively transparent. In yet another embodiment, the resistive pathway can couple directly with traces on an electronic assembly saving space and easing assembly.

Abstract: The oxide sintered body mainly consists of gallium, indium, and oxygen, and a content of the gallium is more than 65 at. % and less than 100 at. % with respect to all metallic elements, and the density of the sintered body is 5.0 g/cm3 or more. The oxide film is obtained using the oxide sintered body as a sputtering target, and the shortest wavelength of the light where the light transmittance of the film itself except the substrate becomes 50% is 320 nm or less. The transparent base material is obtained by forming the oxide film on one surface or both surfaces of a glass plate, a quartz plate, a resin plate or resin film where one surface or both surfaces are covered by a gas barrier film, or on one surface or both surfaces of a transparent plate selected from a resin plate or a resin film where the gas barrier film is inserted in the inside.

Abstract: A laser patterning apparatus for handling a donor film and improving compression uniformity between the donor film and an acceptor substrate is provided. The laser patterning apparatus includes: a stage that supports an acceptor substrate; a shielding mask that is placed on the acceptor substrate to form a pattern and is attached to a donor film on one surface thereof; a laser gun that is disposed at an upper part of the stage to radiate laser light to a portion of the donor film through the pattern of the shielding mask; a pressing member that corresponds to a portion of the shielding mask; and an actuator that is connected to one side of the pressing member to press the pressing member.

Abstract: Embodiments of an electrophotography device are disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a reversible image display medium which can be repeatedly used and can display high quality images, in which cells between the two substrates accommodate a dry developer containing at least two kinds of frictionally chargeable dry developing particles having different chargeable polarities and different optical reflection densities; images are displayed by forming an electrostatic latent image corresponding to the image to be formed on one of the two substrates to drive the developing particles in an electrostatic field based on the electrostatic latent image; a developer-facing surface of one of the substrates has a surface resistivity of at least 1×1012 ohm/square; a developer-facing surface of the opposite substrate has a surface resistivity from 1×106 ohm/square to 1×1012 ohm/square; a developer-facing surface of one of the substrates has a surface average median roughness Ra of 0.2 ?m to 0.

Abstract: An image receiving sheet includes a substrate and a receptor layer. The substrate has at least one face, the receptor layer has a binder resin, and the receptor layer is provided on the face of the substrate. The binder resin of the receptor layer has storage elasticity moduli of 104 Pa or more at 130° C. and 102 Pa or more at 200° C.

Abstract: A process for forming an abrasion-resistant antistatic layer for an imaging element comprises: adjusting the pH of an aqueous composition of an electronically-conductive polymer to a pH of about 3 to about 10, and combining the pH-adjusted aqueous composition of the electronically-conductive polymer with an aqueous composition at a pH greater than 7 of a polyurethane film-forming binder having a tensile elongation to break of at least 50% and a Young's modulus measured at 2% elongation of at least 50000 psi. The process further comprises applying the resulting coating composition to the imaging element, thereby forming an abrasion-resistant antistatic layer on the element. The antistatic layer coating composition of the present invention can be applied to a wide variety of imaging elements, including, for example, photographic, electrostatographic, photothermographic, migration, electrothermographic, dielectric recording and thermal-dye-transfer imaging elements.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process which comprises (a) providing a migration imaging member comprising (1) a substrate, (2) an infrared or red light radiation sensitive layer comprising a pigment predominantly sensitive to infrared or red light radiation, and (3) a softenable layer comprising a softenable material, a charge transport material, and a photosensitive migration marking material predominantly sensitive to radiation at a wavelength other than that to which the infrared or red light sensitive pigment is predominantly sensitive; (b) uniformly charging the imaging member; (c) subsequent to step (b), uniformly exposing the charged imaging member to a source of activating radiation with a wavelength to which the migration marking material is sensitive, wherein a filter comprising the infrared or red light radiation sensitive pigment is situated between the radiation source and the imaging member; (d) subsequent to step (b), exposing the imaging member to infrared or red light radiation at a wavelength to which the

Abstract: A migration imaging member includes a support substrate, a relatively thick dielectric spacer layer situated on the support substrate, and a softenable layer situated on the dielectric spacer layer, with the softenable layer including a softenable material, and a migration marking material situated at or near the surface of the softenable layer farthest spaced from the support substrate.

Abstract: The present invention is an imaging element including a support, at least one image-forming layer and an auxiliary layer. The auxilary layer is formed by providing a coating composition of fluoroolefin-vinyl ether copolymer latex in an aqueous medium, coating the coating composition of the support and drying the coating composition. The present invention also includes a coating composition for use in an imaging element including a fluoroolefin-vinyl ether copolymer latex dispersed in an aqueous medium.

Abstract: A hologram recording plate, which has a plastic layer (a rosin derivative) that undergoes frost deformation by being acted upon by a solvent vapor, is set in a developing box supplied with a solvent vapor (cyclohexane) from a solvent vapor reservoir. The solvent vapor is exhausted from the developing box by a suction device. This is followed by subjecting the hologram recording plate to a high voltage from a high-voltage power supply and irradiating the plate with laser light, which represents a hologram to be formed, by opening a light shutter. This makes it possible to reduce the size of and to automate the hologram producing apparatus. The developing box and optical elements inclusive of a light source are secured to respective ones of individual carriers, and the carriers are provided so as to be free to be moved along an optical system aligning rail and fixed to the rail.

Abstract: The present invention is an imaging element including a support, at least one image-forming layer and an auxiliary layer. The auxilary layer is formed by providing a coating composition of a fluoroolefin-vinyl ether copolymer dissolved in an organic medium, coating the coating composition on the support and drying the coating composition. The present invention also includes a coating composition for use in an imaging element including a fluoroolefin-vinyl ether copolymer dissolved in an organic medium.

Abstract: Disclosed is a migration imaging member comprising (1) a substrate, (2) a softenable layer situated on the substrate, said softenable layer comprising a softenable material and a photosensitive migration marking material, and (3) an overcoating layer situated on the surface of the softenable layer spaced from the substrate, said overcoating layer comprising a material selected from the group consisting of: (a) polyacrylic acids, (b) poly (hydroxyalkyl methacrylates), (c) poly (hydroxyalkylacrylates), (d) vinyl alcohol-vinyl acetate copolymers, (e) vinyl alcohol-vinyl butyral copolymers, (f) alkyl celluloses, (g) aryl celluloses, (h) hydroxyalkyl cellulose acrylates, (i) hydroxyaryl cellulose acrylates, (j) hydroxyalkyl cellulose methacrylates, (k) hydroxyaryl cellulose methacrylates, (l) cellulose-acrylamide adducts, (m) poly (vinyl butyrals), (n) cyanoethylated celluloses, (o) cellulose acetate hydrogen phthalates, (p) hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose phthalates, (q) hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose succinates, (

Abstract: Methods and techniques of electrically biasing and providing a ground for migration imaging members are disclosed. An electrically conductive contact is fixed to the migration imaging member, the electrically conductive contact connecting at least an electrically conductive layer of the migration imaging member to a ground to insure proper imaging. The contacts are fixed to the migration imaging member without having to remove a portion of the softenable layer along its edge to expose the electrically conductive layer of the migration imaging member as is the current practice.

Abstract: Imaging element, such as photographic electrostatographic thermal imaging elements are comprised of a support, an imaging-forming layer, and a transparent electrically-conductive layer which includes an effective amount of polypyrrole/poly(styrene sulfonic acid). In a preferred embodiment, the polypyrrole/poly(styrene sulfonic acid) is dispersed in a binder.

Abstract: Disclosed is a migration imaging member which comprises (a) a substrate, (b) a conductive layer comprising indium tin oxide dispersed in a polymeric binder, (c) a siloxane film charge blocking layer comprising a hydrolysis reaction product of a silane of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is an alkylidene group, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are each, independent of the other, a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a phenyl group, or a poly(ethyleneamino) group, and R.sub.4, R.sub.5, and R.sub.6 are each, independent of the others, alkyl groups, said siloxane having reactive hydroxyl and ammonium groups attached to silicon atoms, and (d) a softenable layer comprising a softenable material and a photosensitive migration marking material. Optionally an antistatic layer comprising indium tin oxide dispersed in a polymeric binder is situated on the surface of the substrate spaced from the softenable layer.

Abstract: An imaging element such as a photographic, electrostatic, or thermal imaging element is comprised of a support, an image-forming layer, and a transparent electrically conductive layer which includes an effective amount of poly(3,4-ethylene dioxypyrrole/styrene sulfonate). In a preferred embodiment, the poly(3,4-ethylene dioxypyrrole/styrene sulfonate) is dispersed in a polymeric binder.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process which comprises (1) providing a migration imaging member comprising a substrate and a softenable layer comprising a softenable material and a photosensitive migration marking material; (2) uniformly charging the imaging member; (3) subsequent to step (2), exposing the charged imaging member to activating radiation at a wavelength to which the migration marking material is sensitive; (4) subsequent to step (3), applying to the surface of the migration imaging member spaced from the substrate a substantially transparent overcoating layer and applying heat and pressure to the migration imaging member and overcoating layer, thereby causing the softenable material to soften and enabling the migration marking material to migrate through the softenable material toward the substrate in an imagewise pattern, while substantially simultaneously causing the overcoating layer to adhere to the imaging member surface.

Abstract: A bleachable composition, including an acid photogenerator and a near-infrared radiation-absorbing dye or pigment, is utilized in a method of migration imaging to prevent unwanted absorptions. This composition can be incorporated either in the thermoplastic imaging surface layer of the imaging element, in the marking particles applied to the element, or both. Alternatively, the components of the bleachable composition can be separated with one in the thermoplastic imaging surface layer and the other in the marking particles. After the imaging element is marked and exposed with near-infrared radiation, the bleachable composition caused exposed portions of the imaging element to be bleached. If further bleaching is needed, the element can subsequently be exposed with near-ultraviolet radiation. A migration imaging method, which does not employ the bleachable composition of the present invention, wherein marking particles are magnetically attracted to the imaging element, is also provided.

Abstract: Disclosed is a migration imaging member comprising a substrate and a softenable layer, said softenable layer comprising a softenable material, a pigment predominantly sensitive to infrared or red light radiation, and a migration marking material predominantly sensitive radiation at a wavelength other than that to which the infrared or red light radiation sensitive pigment is sensitive contained at least at or near the surface of the softenable layer spaced from the substrate.

Abstract: Disclosed is a migration imaging member comprising a substrate, a first softenable layer comprising a first softenable material and a first migration marking material contained at or near the surface of the first softenable layer spaced from the substrate, and a second softenable layer comprising a second softenable material and a second migration marking material. Also disclosed is a migration imaging process employing the aforesaid imaging member.

Abstract: A bleachable composition, including an acid photogenerator and a near-infrared radiation-absorbing dye or pigment, is utilized in a method of migration imaging to prevent unwanted absorptions. This composition can be incorporated either in the thermoplastic imaging surface layer of the imaging element, in the marking particles applied to the element, or both. Alternatively, the components of the bleachable composition can be separated with one in the thermoplastic imaging surface layer and the other in the marking particles. After the imaging element is marked and exposed with near-infrared radiation, the bleachable composition causes exposed portions of the imaging element to be bleached. If further bleaching is needed, the element can subsequently be exposed with near-ultraviolet radiation.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process which comprises (1) providing a migration imaging member comprising a substrate, an infrared or red light radiation sensitive layer comprising a pigment predominantly sensitive to infrared or red light radiation, and a softenable layer comprising a softenable material, a charge transport material, and migration marking material predominantly sensitive to radiation at a wavelength other than that to which the infrared or red light sensitive pigment is predominantly sensitive contained at or near the surface of the softenable layer, said infrared or red light radiation sensitive layer being situated between the substrate and the softenable layer; (2) uniformly charging the imaging member; (3) subsequent to step (2), uniformly exposing the imaging member to activating radiation at a wavelength to which the migration marking material is sensitive; (4) subsequent to step (3), neutralizing charge on the surface of the imaging member spaced from the substrate; (5) subsequent to step (4), expos

Abstract: Disclosed is a migration imaging member comprising (a) a substrate, (b) a softenable layer comprising a softenable material and a photosensitive migration marking material, and (c) a transparentizing agent which transparentizes migration marking material in contact therewith contained in at least one layer of the migration imaging member.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for preparing migration imaging members are disclosed. Two substrates with softenable layers applied to them travel through a vacuum chamber where they are simultaneously exposed to vapor deposition of the migration marking material. After the migration marking material is deposited, the two softenable layers are laminated together in the same vacuum chamber to form the migration imaging member. In one of the embodiments, the softenable layers are applied to the substrates in the same sweep of the substrate through the vacuum chamber vapor deposition and lamination steps.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process which comprises (a) providing a migration imaging member which comprises a substrate and a softenable layer comprising a softenable material and a photosensitive migration marking material; (b) providing a printing plate precursor which comprises a base layer and a layer of photosensitive material selected from the group consisting of photohardenable materials and photosoftenable materials; (c) placing the softenable layer of the migration imaging member in contact with the layer of photosensitive material of the printing plate precursor and applying heat and pressure to the migration imaging member and printing plate precursor, thereby causing the softenable layer of the migration imaging member to adhere to the layer of photosensitive material of the printing plate precursor; (d) uniformly charging the migration imaging member; (e) subsequent to step (d), exposing the charged imaging member to activating radiation at a wavelength to which the migration marking material is sensitive; (

Abstract: Disclosed is a migration imaging member comprising (a) a substrate, (b) a softenable layer situated on one surface of the substrate, said softenable layer comprising a softenable material and a photosensitive migration marking material, and (c) an antistatic layer situated on the surface of the substrate opposite to the surface in contact with the softenable layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process which comprises (a) providing a migration imaging member comprising (1) a substrate and (2) a softenable layer comprising a softenable material and a photosensitive migration marking material present in the softenable layer as a monolayer of particles situated at or near the surface of the softenable layer spaced from the substrate; (b) uniformly charging the imaging member; (3) imagewise exposing the charged imaging member to activating radiation at a wavelength to which the migration marking material is sensitive; (d) subsequent to step (c), causing the softenable material to soften and enabling a first portion of the migration marking material to migrate through the softenable material toward the substrate in an imagewise pattern while a second portion of the migration marking material remains substantially unmigrated within the softenable layer; and (e) contacting the second portion of the migration marking material with a transparentizing agent which transparentizes migration marki

Abstract: An image holding member is disclosed, which comprises a substrate having an electrically conductive surface, a charge generating layer formed on said electrically conductive substrate, and a heat softening layer formed on said charge generating layer and containing a charge transporting material, electrically conductive particles, and a heat softening resin, said electrically conductive particles existing in the inside of the heat softening layer and in the vicinity of the surface thereof. The image holding member is capable of writing with laser light having a wavelength of 780 nm and is capable of copying many copies with one image exposure. A method of producing the image-holding member, a method and an apparatus for forming an image-forming master using the image-holding member, and an image-forming method by the image-forming master using the image-holding member are also disclosed.

Abstract: An image holding member is disclosed, which comprises a substrate having an electrically conductive surface, a charge generating layer formed on said electrically conductive substrate, and a heat softening layer formed on said charge generating layer and containing a charge transporting material, electrically conductive particles, and a heat softening resin, said electrically conductive particles existing in the inside of the heat softening layer and in the vicinity of the surface thereof. The image holding member is capable of writing with laser light having a wavelength of 780 nm and is capable of copying many copies with one image exposure. A method of producing the image-holding member, a method and an apparatus for forming an image-forming master using the image-holding member, and an image-forming method by the image-forming master using the image-holding member are also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for heat development of a migration imaging member containing migration marking material and a softenable material capable of softening upon exposure to heat at a development temperature, which apparatus comprises a heating source, a conveyance means for conveying the migration imaging member past the heating source, a first pinch roller in contact with the conveyance means, and a second pinch roller in contact with the conveyance means, wherein the imaging member passes through a nip between the conveyance means and the first pinch roller subsequent to entering the apparatus and prior to exposure to the heating source and passes through a nip between the conveyance means and the second pinch roller subsequent to exposure to the heating source and prior to exiting the apparatus, wherein the surface temperature of the first pinch roller is maintained at a temperature at least 20.degree. C.

Abstract: A migration imaging system using a laser-addressable thermoplastic imaging member 10. The imaging member 10 comprises a supporting section 15 and a thermoplastic imaging surface layer 14. A charged, uniform layer of marking particles 24 is deposited on the imaging surface layer 14. An imagewise-modulated laser beam 24 transforms selected volumes of the imaging surface layer 14 in an imagewise pattern to a permeable state. Charged marking particles 42 that overlay a transformed volume then migrate into the imaging surface layer 14, due to an electrostatic attraction to the imaging member 10, so as to be retained. Unaddressed marking particles 56 are cleaned away by particle removing device 20B comprised of a magnetic brush utilizing hard magnetic carrier particles. The imaging member 10, or solely the imaging surface layer 14, may be transferred and bonded to a receiver member such as a drum for use as an exposure mask in a xeroprinting process, or to a receiver sheet 64 to provide a hard copy reproduction.

Abstract: An image holding member is disclosed, which comprises a substrate having an electrically conductive surface, a charge generating layer formed on said electrically conductive substrate, and a heat softening layer formed on said charge generating layer and containing a charge transporting material, electrically conductive particles, and a heat softening resin, said electrically conductive particles existing in the inside of the heat softening layer and in the vicinity of the surface thereof. The image holding member is capable of writing with laser light having a wavelength of 780 nm and is capable of copying many copies with one image exposure A method of producing the image-holding member, a method and an apparatus for forming an image-forming master using the image-holding member, and an image-forming method by the image-forming master using the image-holding member are also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a migration imaging member comprising a first conductive layer, a layer of softenable material containing migration marking material, and a conductive overlayer on the surface of the imaging member spaced from the first conductive layer. The imaging member also contains a charge transport material either in the layer of softenable material or in a separate layer situated between the first conductive layer and the conductive overlayer. In a specific embodiment, the conductive overlayer is coated on the surface of the imaging member in separate, distinct frames separated from each other by uncoated areas of the imaging member. Also disclosed are apparatuses and processes for preparing the above imaging members and apparatuses and processes for exposing and developing the above imaging members.

Abstract: A migration imaging system using a laser-addressable thermoplastic imaging member. The imaging member comprises a supporting section and a thermoplastic imaging surface layer. A charged, uniform layer of marking particles is deposited on the imaging surface layer. An imagewise-modulated laser beam transforms selected volumes of the imaging surface layer in an imagewise pattern to a permeable state. Charged marking particles that superpose a transformed volume then migrate into the imaging surface layer so as to be retained. Unaddressed marking particles are cleaned away. The imaging member, or solely the imaging surface layer, may be transferred and bonded to a receiver such as a drum for use as an exposure mask, or to a receiver sheet to provide a hard copy reproduction. The processed imaging member is usable as a master in a xeroprinting system.

Abstract: Disclosed is a migration imaging member comprising a substrate, an infrared or red light radiation sensitive layer comprising a pigment predominantly sensitive to infrared or red light radiation, and a softenable layer comprising a softenable material, a charge transport material, and migration marking material predominantly sensitive to radiation at a wavelength other than that to which the infrared or red light radiation sensitive pigment is sensitive contained at or near the surface of the softenable layer. When the migration imaging member is imaged and developed, it is particularly suitable for use as a xeroprinting master and can also be used for viewing or for storing data.

Abstract: Disclosed is an imaging process for simultaneous printing of fixed and variable data which comprises, in the order states, (1) providing a migration imaging member comprising a substrate, a softenable layer comprising a softenable material and migration marking material contained at or near the surface of the softenable layer, and a charge transport material capable of transporting charges of one polarity; (2) uniformly charging the imaging member; (3) exposing the charged imaging member to activating radiation in an imagewise pattern corresponding to the fixed data, thereby forming an electrostatic latent image on the imaging member; (4) thereafter causing the softenable material to soften by the application of heat, thereby enabling the migration marking material exposed to radiation to migrate through the softenable material toward the substrate in an imagewise pattern corresponding to the fixed data; (5) uniformly charging the imaging member to the same polarity as the polarity of the charges that the cha

Abstract: Disclosed is a printing plate precursor which comprises a base layer, a layer of photohardenable material, and a layer of softenable material containing photosensitive migration marking material. Alternatively, the precursor can comprise a base layer and a layer of softenable photohardenable material containing photosensitive migration marking material. Also disclosed are processes for preparing printing plates from the disclosed precursors.

Abstract: Disclosed is a xeroprinting process which comprises(1) providing a xeroprinting master comprising(a) a substrate; and(b) a softenable layer comprising a softenable material, a charge transport material capable of transporting charges of one polarity, and migration marking material situated contiguous to the surface of the softenable layer spaced from the substrate, wherein a portion of the migration marking material has migrated through the softenable layer toward the substrate in imagewise fashion;(2) uniformly charging the xeroprinting master to a polarity opposite to the polarity of the charges that the charge transport material in the softenable layer is capable of transporting;(3) uniformly exposing the charged master to activating radiation, thereby discharging those areas of the master wherein the migration marking material has migrated toward the substrate and forming an electrostatic latent image;(4) developing the electrostatic latent image; and(5) transferring the developed image to a receiver shee

Abstract: An imaging member comprised of an ionically conductive film forming polymer, such as sulfonated polystyrene, and an electrically insulating softenable layer comprising a fracturable layer containing electrically photosensitive migration marking particles.

Abstract: An imaging system in which an imaging member comprising a substrate and an electrically insulating softenable layer on the substrate, the softenable layer comprising migration marking material locked at least at or near the surface of the softenable layer spaced from the substrate, and a charge transport material in the softenable layer is imaged by electrostatically charging the member, exposing the member to activating radiation in an imagewise pattern, and decreasing the resistance to migration of marking material in the softenable layer sufficiently to allow the migration marking material struck by activating radiation to substantially migrate in depth towards the substrate in image configuration.

Abstract: An imaging system in which an imaging member comprising a substrate and an electrically insulating softenable layer on the substrate, the softenable layer comprising migration marking material located at least at or near the surface of the softenable layer spaced from the substrate, and a charge transport material in the softenable layer is imaged by eletrostatically charging the member, exposing the member to activating radiation in an imagewise pattern, decreasing the resistance to migration of marking material in the softenable layer sufficiently to allow the migration marking material struck by said activating radiation to retain a slight net charge which allows only slight agglomeration, slight coalescence, slight migration in depth of marking material towards said substrate or combination thereof in image configuration during a further decreasing of the resistance to migration towards the substrate in image configuration, and further decreasing the resistance to migration of marking material in the soft

Abstract: An imaging system including a migration imaging member comprising a substrate and an electrically insulating softening layer adjacent the substrate, the softenable layer comprising a fracturable layer of electrically photosensitive migration marking material located substantially at or near the surface of the softenable layer spaced from the substrate, and a copolymer of styrene and ethyl acrylate in at least one layer adjacent the substrate, the copolymer comprising between about 40 and about 80 mole percent styrene, between about 20 and about 60 mole percent ethyl acrylate, the copolymer having a M.sub.n between about 4,000 and about 35,000, a M.sub.w between about 10,000 and about 80,000, a T.sub.g between about 30.degree. C. and about 75.degree. C., and a melt viscosity between about 1.times.10.sup.2 poise and about 1.times.10.sup.6 poise at 115.degree. C.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method of producing a transition metal pattern on a glass or glass-ceramic substrate by selective exudation of a transition metal from a glass substrate containing the metal as an oxide. The selective exudation is effected by applying an intense, well-focused source of energy to a glass in a pattern corresponding to the desired metal pattern. This develops localized heating, and thereby causes corresponding localized metal exudation from the glass. The metal pattern may be rendered electroconductive, and may constitute a pattern of interconnecting lines for microcircuitry.

Abstract: Circuit writing on a substrate is achieved by selectively exposing to a laser portion of a very thin film of a medium comprising electrically isolated conducting clusters in a dielectric matrix material. The preferred materials are gold in highly crosslinked polytetrafluoroethylene.

Abstract: In the recording for a mass memory system by means of a plurality of electrostatic electron beam charges on an insulator storage medium comprising a dielectric material having a maximum secondary electron emission coefficient (.delta..sub.max) greater than one as a surface layer disposed on a conductive support the process of recording the individual transmission of charges at three distinguishable energy levels which provide uncharged spots and alternating negative and positive electrostatic charges in the pixels of the dielectric layer which alternating charges are effected by employing a primary beam energy greater than the lowest energy and less than the highest energy at which the secondary electron emission coefficient (.delta.) is unity for a positive charge and employing a primary beam energy less than the lowest energy or greater than the highest energy at which .delta. is unity for a negative charge.

Abstract: This invention relates to a migration imaging member comprising a substrate and an electrically insulating softenable layer on said substrate, said softenable layer comprising migration marking material located at least at or near the surface of said softenable layer spaced from said substrate and a charge transport molecule.