Abstract: Photographic silver halide materials containing an incorporated black-and-white developing agent can be quickly and simply processed using unique processing compositions and methods. In a “two-step” method, the exposed material is contacted with an alkaline activator solution followed by a fixing composition. In a “one-step” method, activation and fixing are combined using a single alkaline activator-fixing composition containing the fixing agent. None of the processing solutions include black-and-white developing agents. The photographic silver halide materials are preferably radiographic silver halide materials that have a reflective support and provide black-and-white images that can be viewed without a light box.

Abstract: A method of processing a silver halide color photographic material comprises the steps of color-developing an image-wise exposed silver halide color photographic material and subjecting the developed material to desilvering in a processing bath having a fixing function and containing a thiosulfate compound and the following compound or analogue thereof in a molar ratio of 1/0.05 to 1/0.30. In this process, the fixing speed is extremely high even when the replenishing rate is low and the processed photosensitive material has an excellent resistance to fading by light.

Abstract: A method of processing a silver halide color photographic material comprises the steps of color-developing an image-wise exposed silver halide color photographic material and subjecting the developed material to desilvering in a processing bath having a fixing function and containing a thiosulfate compound and the following compound or analogue thereof in a molar ratio of 1/0.05 to 1/0.30. In this process, the fixing speed is extremely high even when the replenishing rate is low and the processed photosensitive material has an excellent resistance to fading by light.

Abstract: A litho strip for use as an offset printing plate is described which has a composition of 0.05-0.25% Si, 0.30-0.40% Fe, 0.10-0.30% Mg, max. 0.05% Mn, and max. 0.04% Cu. The strip is produced from a continuous cast ingot of the above composition which is hot rolled to a thickness of up to 2-7 mm. The residual resistance ratio of the hot rolled strip is RR=10-20. The cold rolling is carried out with or without intermediate annealing, wherein the degree of rolling reduction after intermediate annealing is >60%. The further processing up to the EC roughening takes place with the microstructure adjusted in the rolling process at <100° C. The litho strip is characterized by a high thermal stability, a good roughening behavior in the EC processes, and a high reverse bending fatigue strength perpendicular to the rolling direction.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods of making one-part bleach-fix liquid concentrates, packaged in a single unit, wherein the bleaching agent is a polyvalent metal oxidizing agent that is protected from reduction for an extended period of time by incorporating a thiocyanate salt as at least one fixing agent. The thiocyanate salt in added in an amount sufficient to provide one-part bleach-fix liquid concentrates that are homogeneous, essentially free of crystallized components and which retain effective oxidizing potential during extended storage.

Abstract: Color photographic silver halide elements, such as color films, can be rapidly fixed using a fixing composition containing a thiosulfate fixing agent, and certain 1,3-thiazolidine-2-thiones. Each of the components is present in specific amounts to effect rapid and efficient desilvering. The composition also includes predominantly ammonium cations (at least 50 mol %). Besides effective and rapid silver removal (less than 60 seconds), the fixing composition also minimizes residual dye stain from sensitizing dye aggregates within the photographic elements.

Abstract: Provided is a method for making a lithographic printing plate in which the development is carryied out by coating a developer on a photosensitive element comprising a support and at least a silver halide emulsion layer and a physical development nuclei layer, characterized in that coating amount of the developer is 60 ml or less for 1 m.sup.2 of the photosensitive element, and the developer contains at least one thioether compound and at least one alkanolamine compound as silver halide solvents. The resulting lithographic printing plate is high in printing endurance and has no stains in non-image portions. Furthermore, the running development processing can be stably carried out.

Abstract: Color photographic silver halide elements, such as color films, can be rapidly fixed using a fixing composition containing a mixture of thiosulfate and thiocyanate fixing agents in specific amounts and molar ratio. The composition also includes predominantly ammonium cations (at least 55 mol %). Besides effective and rapid silver removal (up to 60 seconds), the fixing composition also minimizes residual dye stain from sensitizing dye aggregates within the photographic elements.

Abstract: Color photographic silver halide elements, such as color films, can be rapidly fixed using a fixing composition containing a thiosulfate fixing agent, and certain aminoalkyl- and sulfur-substituted 1,2,4-triazoles. Each of the components is present in specific amounts to effect rapid and efficient desilvering. The composition also includes predominantly ammonium cations (at least 50 mol %). Besides effective and rapid silver removal (less than 60 seconds), the fixing composition also minimizes residual dye stain from sensitizing dye aggregates within the photographic elements.

Abstract: Color photographic silver halide elements, such as color films, can be rapidly fixed using a fixing composition containing a thiosulfate fixing agent, and certain sulfur-substituted oxadiazoles (that is oxadiazolethiones). Each of the components is present in specific amounts to effect rapid and efficient desilvering. The composition also includes predominantly ammonium cations (at least 50 mol %). Besides effective and rapid silver removal (less than 60 seconds), the fixing composition also minimizes residual dye stain from sensitizing dye aggregates within the photographic elements.

Abstract: Color photographic silver halide elements, such as color films, can be rapidly fixed using a fixing composition containing a mixture of thiosulfate and thiocyanate fixing agents, and certain sulfur-containing 1,2,4-triazoles. Each of the components is present in specific amounts to effect rapid and efficient desilvering. The composition also includes predominantly ammonium cations (at least 50 mol %). Besides effective and rapid silver removal (up to 50 seconds), the fixing composition also minimizes residual dye stain from sensitizing dye aggregates within the photographic elements.

Abstract: There is disclosed a photographic composition having fixing capacity and a method for processing a silver halide photographic material using the same. The photographic composition having fixing capacity comprises at least one compound represented by the following formula (I):RSO.sub.2 M formula (I)wherein R represents a lower alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and M represents a hydrogen atom or a cationic group.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for making a lithographic printing plate according to the silver salt diffusion transfer process comprising the steps of:image-wise exposing an imaging element comprising in the order given on a hydrophilic surface of a support (i) an image receiving layer containing physical development nuclei and (ii) a photosensitive layer comprising one or more silver halide emulsions being in water permeable relationship with said image receiving layer(b) applying an aqueous alkaline solution to the imaging element in the presence of (a) developing agent(s) and (a) silver halide solvent(s) to form a silver image in said image receiving layer, (c) treating the imaging element to remove the layer(s) on top of said image receiving layer, thereby uncovering said silver image formed in said image receiving layer,characterized in that said aqueous alkaline solution contains thiosulphate salts in an amount ranging from 0.000 mole/l to 0.

Abstract: This invention provides a process for removal of silver halide from a silver halide photographic recording material by a processing solution with fixing ability (a fixer) containing thiosulfate as a fixing agent conducted in the presence of a thioether compound incorporated within a fixer formulation. It further provides a fixer formulation for use in said process. The fixer contains a maximum ammonium ion concentration of 0.9M.

Abstract: The present invention provides a fixer composition and a method of processing an exposed photographic silver halide element comprising the steps of developing by means of a developer comprising a silver halide developing agent and treating the developed element with a fixer composition, wherein the fixer composition comprises a silver halide solvent, a sulfite ion source, an aluminum salt hardening agent, a buffering agent, a sequestering agent and an .alpha.-ketocarboxylic acid compound in an amount of more than 2 grams per liter corresponding to the formula:R--CO--COOHwherein R represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group.

Abstract: There is disclosed a photographic composition having fixing capacity and a method for processing a silver halide photographic material using the same. The photographic composition having fixing capacity comprises a photographic composition having fixing capacity, which comprises at least one compound represented by the following formula (I) and at least one compound represented by the following formula (II):RSO.sub.2 SM formula (I)wherein R represents an aliphatic group, an aromatic group, or a heterocyclic group, and M represents a hydrogen atom or a cationic group,R.sup.1 SO.sub.2 M.sup.1 formula (II)wherein R.sup.1 represents an aliphatic group, an aromatic group, or a heterocyclic group, and M.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a cationic group.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for making a lithographic printing plate according to the silver salt diffusion transfer process comprising the steps of exposing and developing an imaging element comprising on a support a silver halide emulsion layer and an image-receiving layer in the presence of a silver halide solvents corresponding to the following formula:Z.sup.1 --(R.sup.1 --X.sup.1).sub.n --(R.sup.2 --X.sup.2)--L--(X.sup.3 --R.sup.3)--(X.sup.4 --R.sup.4).sub.m --Z.sup.2 (I)wherein X.sup.1, X.sup.2, X.sup.3 and X.sup.4 each independently represents --S--, --NH-- or --N(R.sup.5 --Z.sup.3)--, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 each independently represents an alkylene, an alkenylene or an alkynylene, n and m each independently represents an integer from 0 to 4, Z.sup.1, Z.sup.2 and Z.sup.

Abstract: A lithographic printing plate is prepared from a silver halide photosensitive material in accordance with a silver complex diffusion transfer process. The photosensitive material is exposed and developed with a diffusion transfer processing solution containing a mesoionic compound as a silver halide complexing agent. The printing plate has good ink receptivity and minimized plate wear. The processing solution is free from the problems of corrosion and waste solution disposal.

Abstract: A processing method for silver halide photographic material is disclosed, in which at least one hydrophilic colloidal layer containing a dye of a solid fine grain dispersion. The processing method is carried out by processing the photographic material with a solution having a fixing ability containing at least one compound represented by formula (A):RSO.sub.2 SM (A)wherein R represents an aliphatic group, an aryl group or a heterocyclic group, and M represents a hydrogen atom or a cation group.

Abstract: A composition having a fixing ability for photography which is used as a bath having a fixing ability, for processing an exposed silver halide photographic material comprising a support having thereon at least one light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer, said compositian being substantially free of thiosulfate ion and comprising as a fixing agent at least one thioether comcompound having at least one group selected from the group consisting of ##STR1## and a heterocyclic group, wherein M.sub.1, M.sub.2 and M.sub.3 may be the same or different, each represents a hydrogen atom or a counter cation; R.sub.1 to R.sub.19, which may be the same or different, each represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group or an alkenyl group; and X.sup..crclbar. represents a counter anion.

Abstract: A fixing solution having a pH.gtoreq.7 and comprising a fixing amount of sulfite and a fix accelerating amount of a thioether compound; wherein the fixing solution contains less than 0.05 moles/liter of thiosulfate and a method of processing an imagewise exposed and developed silver halide photographic element comprising fixing in said fixing solution a silver halide photographic element containing at least one emulsion or deposit of silver halide comprising greater than 90 mole % silver chloride.

Abstract: A method for processing a silver halide photographic material is disclosed, comprising a support having thereon at least one light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer, which comprises the steps of developing and fixing the image-wise exposed silver halide photographic material, wherein the fixing bath used in the fixing step contains at least one meso-ionic compound other than meso-ionic 1,2,4-triazolium-3-thiolate compounds, wherein said meso-ionic compound is a compound represented by formula (I): ##STR1## wherein M and A.theta. are as defined in the specification as a fixing agent. The fixing bath and subsequent baths have excellent stability against precipitation, and the processed photographic material having improved image stability can be obtained.

Abstract: A method of fixing a photographic element with a fixing solution containing less than 20% ammonium thiosulphate wherein the photographic element has incorporated therein a fix accelerator precursor which is a silver salt of an amino thiol having a solubility of less than 1 g/l (as silver ion) when held for 23.degree. C. for 5 minutes in a colour developer solution at pH 10 having a sulphite concentration of 4.25 g/l and a bromide concentration of 1.2 g/l.

Abstract: There is described a fixing bath for developed silver halide photographic material which comprises as the active silver halide solvent a combination of sodium thiosulphate and potassium thiosulphate, the molar ratio of sodium to potassium being from about 2:3 to about 3:2.

Abstract: A method for making flowable alkaline thiosulfate, flowable alkaline sulfite, or a combination of the two, by blending an alkaline thiosulfate, an alkaline sulfite, or a combination of the two, with an alkali metal arylsulfonate.formaldehyde in an amount effective to render the alkaline thiosulfate, the alkaline sulfite, or the combination freely flowable, and the product of this method. It has been found that the product of this method, such as freely flowable ammonium thiosulfate powder mixture, can be stored in a freely flowable condition for extended periods of time and can be dissolved into solution readily to form a clear non-turbid solution. The freely flowable ammonium thiosulfate powdered mixture of the present invention is particularly useful as a photographic fixative and bleach fixative for processing photographic elements.

Abstract: Disclosed is a powdery bleach-fixing composition which is substantially not caked during storage. The bleach-fixing composition for color photographic materials comprises a thiosulfate, an iron (III) complex compound or a salt thereof, and a sulfite, bisulfite or pyrosulfite, at least 50 molar % (in terms of sulfite ion equivalent) thereof being potassium salt.

Abstract: Silver halide black-and-white photosensitive material is processed with a fixer which contains 0.5 to 2.0 mol/liter of a thiosulfate and 0.003 to 0.3 mol/liter of a meso-ionic compound, the moles of the meso-ionic compound divided by the moles of the thiosulfate being from 0.003 to 0.2. The fixer accelerates fixing speed, enabling rapid processing of photographic material.

Abstract: A method of reducing the environmental impact of ammonium thiosulfate photographic fixers without increasing fixing time is provided. In the method of the invention, up to 60% molar of the total ammonium thiosulfate is replaced by an alkali metal thiosulfate.

Abstract: A method for making flowable alkaline thiosulfate, flowable alkaline sulfite, or a combination of the two, by blending an alkaline thiosulfate, an alkaline sulfite, or a combination of the two, with an alkali metal arylsulfonate.formaldehyde in an amount effective to render the alkaline thiosulfate, the alkaline sulfite, or the combination freely flowable, and the product of this method. It has been found that the product of this method, such as freely flowable ammonium thiosulfate powder mixture, can be stored in a freely flowable condition for extended periods of time and can be dissolved into solution readily to form a clear non-turbid solution. The freely flowable ammonium thiosulfate powdered mixture of the present invention is particularly useful as a photographic fixative and bleach fixative for processing photographic elements.

Abstract: Disclosed is a processing solution used for making lithographic printing plates by silver complex diffusion transfer process which contains at least one thioether derivative represented by the following formulas (I), (II) and (III): ##STR1## wherein n.sub.1 and n.sub.2 each represents 0, 1 or 2 and R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each represents an alkylene group of 1-5 carbon atoms, ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 represents an alkylene group of 1-5 carbon atoms, X represents a hydrogen atom, a carboxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, a carbamoyl group, a hydroxy group, or --OR.sup.2 in which R.sup.2 has the same meaning as --R.sub.1 --S).sub.n CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OH above, and n represents 0, 1 or 2, ##STR3## wherein X' represents an aromatic or heterocyclic group which has a carboxy group, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each represents an alkylene group of 1-5 carbon atoms and n represents 0, 1, 2 or 3.

Abstract: A granulated photographic fixative or bleach fixative composed of grains containing both a thiosulphate and a disulphite is mechanically stable, dust free and freely pourable, will keep indefinitely and is distinguished by its great speed of solution.

Abstract: A method of processing an imagewise exposed silver halide photographic light-sensitive material characterized in that said material is developed and then processed with a first liquid capable of fixing and is, in succession, processed with a second liquid capable of stabilizing, without applying any intervening washing step, and containing at least one of the following compounds:(A) a guanidine compound represented by ##STR1## (B) a morpholine compound; (C) a benzimidazole carbamate compound represented by 2-carbonyl-amino-benzimidazole;(D) a quaternary onium salt compound;(E) a triazine compound represented by the following Formula (1) or (2) ##STR2## wherein R is an alkyl group and R' is a halogen, amino group, alkyl group, or thioether group; or(F) an oxazolone compound containing at least one each of N, O, and C.dbd.O in the five-membered ring thereof;and wherein a ratio of a volume of said first liquid to a volume of said second liquid is not less than 1/2,000.

Abstract: A method for image formation by a diffusion transfer process including developing an imagewise light-exposed light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer in the presence of a developing agent, a silver halide solvent and an alkali, wherein at least two cyclic imide compounds represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein Z represents an atomic group necessary to form a 5- or 6-membered imido ring containing from 1 to 3 nitrogen atoms, are used as the silver halide solvent is disclosed. Images obtained by the method are stable during storage over a long period of time.

Abstract: There are described novel acyclic silver complexing agents which are useful as silver halide solvents in photographic products, processes and compositions. Also disclosed are photographic compositions, products and processes in which the complexing agents are utilized.

Abstract: There are described novel acyclic silver complexing agents which are useful as silver halide solvents in photographic products, processes and compositions. Also disclosed are photographic compositions, products and processes in which the complexing agents are utilized.

Abstract: A litho strip for use as an offset printing plate is described which has a composition of 0.05-0.25% Si, 0.30-0.40% Fe, 0.10-0.30% Mg, max. 0.05% Mn, and max. 0.04% Cu. The strip is produced from a continuous cast ingot of the above composition which is hot rolled to a thickness of up to 2-7 mm. The residual resistance ratio of the hot rolled strip is RR=10-20. The cold rolling is carried out with or without intermediate annealing, wherein the degree of rolling reduction after intermediate annealing is >60%. The further processing up to the EC roughening takes place with the microstructure adjusted in the rolling process at <100° C. The litho strip is characterized by a high thermal stability, a good roughening behavior in the EC processes, and a high reverse bending fatigue strength perpendicular to the rolling direction.

Abstract: A method for making flowable alkaline thiosulfate, flowable alkaline sulfite, or a combination of the two, by blending an alkaline thiosulfate, an alkaline sulfite, or a combination of the two, with an alkali metal .?.arylsulfonate.formaldehyde.!. .Iadd.arylsulfonate.cndot.formaldehyde .Iaddend.in an amount effective to render the alkaline thiosulfate, the alkaline sulfite, or the combination freely flowable, and the product of this method. It has been found that the product of this method, such as freely flowable ammonium thiosulfate powder mixture, can be stored in a freely flowable condition for extended periods of time and can be dissolved into solution readily to form a clear non-turbid solution. The freely flowable ammonium thiosulfate powdered mixture of the present invention is particularly useful as a photographic fixative and bleach fixative for processing photographic elements.