Abstract: A brass burner system includes a channel system having a central connection with a first extended element, a second extended element, a third extended element, and a fourth extended element; gas jets engaged with the channel system via a connections, each jet having a top jet portion with an opening; a body portion with a channel connecting to the opening; and a tapered end to engage with one of the connections; the tapered end is to seal within the connection; the brass burner is to produce a decorative flame via the gas jets; and the channel system is to allow gas flow to the gas jets.

Abstract: A quick-disconnect gas pipeline comprises a quick-disconnect device (QDD) which comprises a QDD male end and a QDD female end, and a gas hose. The QDD male end is connected to the gas pipeline inside the heating system and the QDD female end is connected to the gas hose outside the heating system. When the heating system is not used, it is easy to disconnect the QDD to prevent people from tripping over the long gas pipeline.

Abstract: A fuel system includes a fuel supply system. A plurality of fuel nozzles are connected in fluid communication with the fuel supply system to supply fuel from a fuel source to be issued for combustion from the fuel nozzles. A cooling system is included, wherein at least one of the fuel nozzles includes a cooling circuit in addition to a fuel circuit for issuing fuel from the fuel supply system for combustion. The cooling circuit includes an inlet and an outlet. The inlet is in fluid communication with the cooling system for circulation of coolant through the cooling circuit and back to the cooling system out the outlet of the cooling circuit for cooling the fuel circuit with the fuel circuit staged off.

Abstract: A method for burning gas in a burner, including leading the gas through an inner fuel tube and introduction of combustion air through an annular space surrounding the inner fuel tube. This space forms of an outer tube terminated by a conically converging section, wherein the end of the inner fuel tube forms a burner head. The major part of the primary gas is introduced into the upstream end of the burner head, to go into the combustion air that flows past the burner head, whereas a smaller part of a secondary gas is introduced into the free end of the burner head and into the constricted part of the annular channel that surrounds the burner head. The gas flow is accelerated past the burner head due to the reducing cross section and is burned downstream in relation to the burning head.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a full time regenerative type single radiant tube burner. The full time regenerative type single radiant tube burner includes a radiant tube type burner; a regenerating unit that regenerates exhaust gas heat generated from the burner and is used for preheating the intake combustion air; and an intake and exhaust switching device that passes the intake air and the exhaust gas to the regenerating unit and heat-exchanges them and simultaneously progresses the intake and exhaust processes of the burner to perform the full time combustion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a heating device for exhaust gas in an internal-combustion engine, which is driven by using LPG, LNG, a volatile oil, a light oil, biodiesel or oxygenated hydrocarbon being DME, the device consisting of a catalyst reactor reformer, an exhaust gas suction section and the second fuel supply device. The exhaust gas suction section is mounted for using oxygen included in the exhaust gas. When the heating device is driven, air and fuels are supplied to the catalyst reactor and the second fuel supply device via a single tube when the heating device is heated. The present invention provides with a heating device for exhaust gas capable of securing the durability of a heating device for exhaust gas and minimizing the amount of air supplied from the outside to the combustion reforming device by excluding carbon depositions in a tube due to a prolysis of LPG, LNG, a volatile oil, a light oil, biodiesel or oxygenated hydrocarbon being DME, and a method for driving the device.

Abstract: The invention relates to an arrangement for preparation of a fuel for combustion including a burner, a combustion chamber associated with the burner and in which combustion of a fuel is to take place in use of the arrangement as well as means for supplying liquid fuel to the arrangement through an internal passage in the burner for said combustion, solid portions of the burner body being heated by said combustion in use of the arrangement, wherein said internal passage is located inside said solid portions of the burner body for receiving heat energy evaporating said fuel from these body portions, and that it comprises means for conveying vaporized fuel to the combustion chamber to take part in the combustion.

Abstract: An ultralight stove comprises a fuel reservoir having a plurality of jet holes in the top through which vaporized fuel escapes and burns, a portion of which is directed toward a heat conducting heat transfer plug, heat from which being conducted through the heat transfer plug to the reservoir where it heats fuel in the reservoir causing increased fuel vaporization that pressurizes the reservoir which in turn causing pressurized fuel to escape through the jet holes resulting in increased heat to the heat transfer plug, the cycle continuing until a fuel consumption and temperature equilibrium is obtained where the heat transfer plug and reservoir reach maximum operating temperatures. An external fuel absorber on the reservoir top receives fuel which when ignited initially heats the heat transfer plug to initiate stove operation.

Abstract: A novel device is described for combusting a liquid or powdered fuel having an atomizer nozzle (2), which has a valve configuration (41) for the control of the supply of the fuel, a compressed air connection (4), a mixing chamber (38) for mixing the fuel with compressed air, and a nozzle opening (23) for atomizing a mist of fuel in compressed air. A supply line (28) for the fuel and a preheating apparatus (5) are provided, which are attached in a nozzle assembly surrounding the nozzle (2). Furthermore, air channels in a sheath (3) enclosing the preheating apparatus (5) and a fastening sleeve (13) having connection channels adjoining the air channels are provided, the sheath (3) forming a ring gap (21) for the supply and heating of the compressed air with the nozzle assembly (12) of the atomizer nozzle (2). Air supply lines (50) are provided in the nozzle body (20) originating from the ring gap (21) in such a way that the valve configuration (41) is activatable by the compressed air.

Abstract: A generally toroidal counterflow heat exchanger is the main element of a combustor that operates at a micro scale. The combustor includes a central combustion region with openings to a reactant gas channel and an exhaust gas channel. The reactant channel and exhaust channels are coiled around each other in a spiral configuration that reduces heat loss. An electric current microgenerator is similar and also includes a thermoelectric active wall composed of n-type and p-type thermoelectric elements as part of a channel wall of the microcombustor. The thermoelectric active wall includes fins configured to increase the temperature differential across the thermoelectric elements relative to the temperature difference between the thermoelectric elements and the reactant and exhaust gases. A method of monolithically fabricating such microdevices by electrodepositing multiple layers of material is also provided.

Abstract: A fuel pre-heating device for use with gas heaters to increase fuel efficiency including an orifice and a pre-heat tube. Fuel enters the device through the orifice and travels through the pre-heat tube and back to the orifice where it is then expelled and mixed with air to ignite into a flame that envelopes the entire pre-heat tube and heats the fuel within the lube to a very high temperature. Any air mixer known to those skilled in the art can be used with the heating tube. A heat conductor can also be used with the pre-heat tube. The pre-heating device can be easily added to standard heaters, is small in configuration, and inexpensive to manufacture. The small size of the heating tube allows for immediate preheating of the fuel, which is used by the heater in the same heating cycle, thereby yielding a more efficient preheat. This preheating system prevents the fuel from being wasted.

Abstract: A method and device for changing the rate of density between fluid hydrocarbon fuels and combustion air prior to ignition and combustion in residential, commercial and industrial combustion mechanisms, by extracting heat from the mechanism's combustion zone or flue area to reduce the density of the fuel prior to delivery to the mechanism burner at a constant, pre-set operating temperature of between 100 degrees Fahrenheit and the fuel's flash point temperature, while at the same time providing means to control combustion air temperature to a level such as to increase air density and significantly changing the mass ratio of fuel mass versus combustion air mass, hence oxygen mass, without increasing combustion air volume or fuel volume, thereby improving combustion efficiency, heat transfer efficiency and reduction in harmful stack emissions.

Abstract: A superatmospheric combustion apparatus and a method of operating such an apparatus include providing a superatmospheric combustion device having a lean gas chamber, a combustor, a heat recovery section, and an exhaust, feeding lean gas to the lean gas chamber, providing a heat sink/pressure equalization chamber and a preheated air chamber within the combustion device, feeding pressurized ambient air to the heat sink/pressure equalization chamber, feeding preheated air to the preheated air chamber, exchanging heat from the lean gas chamber, the preheated air chamber, and the combustor to the pressurized ambient air in the heat sink/pressure equalization chamber, feeding the lean gas from the lean gas chamber to the combustor, feeding the preheated air from the preheated air chamber to the combustor, and combusting the lean gas and the preheated air in the combustor at superatmospheric pressure.

Abstract: A vaporizer is connected to a liquid propane supply. The vaporizer contains a helical coil immersed in a bath. A pressure regulator at an inlet to the coil reduces the pressure and vaporizes part of the propane. A burner connected to the outlet of the vaporizer is used to heat the bath. Part of the vapor is returned to the supply to pressurize the supply. The main part of the vapor from the outlet is used to power a fuel powered device.

Abstract: A vaporizer is connected to a liquid propane supply. The vaporizer contains a helical coil immersed in a bath. A pressure regulator at an inlet to the coil reduces the pressure and vaporizes part of the propane. A burner connected to the outlet of the vaporizer is used to heat the bath. Part of the vapor is returned to the supply to pressurize the supply. The main part of the vapor from the outlet is used to power a fuel powered device.

Abstract: In a gas burner for introducing a fuel/air mixture into a combustion chamber, a tube is provided for introducing a source of primary air into a core portion of the fuel air mixture. The resulting secondary flame that is produced within the primary flame causes a reduction of NOX gases, which can be attributed to the dispersion of combustion byproducts within the primary flame. In one embodiment, the air supply tube enters the area of the fuel air mixture radially and then turns and extends axially along an extended axis of the burner.

Abstract: A fuel delivery system and burner for a torch. Fuel passes from a regulator into a tube that extends through the path of a flame that is produced by the burner. The tube preferably is shaped into a coil around the area of the flame so that the coil is heated by the flame. The heated coil assures that liquid fuel in the coil is vaporized as it passes through the coil. In addition, the coil may act as a flame spreader. A burner tube includes an internal passage and an outer passage. Fuel vapor flows through each of these passages, and escapes the burner tube at a distal end. The outer flow of gas is slow, and does not aspirate air, causing the flame to remain attached to the burner and to burn yellow. The inner flow of gas adds velocity, helping the burner flame to be wind resistant.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for vaporizing liquid fuel. The apparatus includes at least one capillary flow passage, the at least one capillary flow passage having an inlet end and an outlet end; a fluid control valve for placing the inlet end of the at least one capillary flow passage in fluid communication with the liquid fuel source and introducing the liquid fuel in a substantially liquid state; a heat source arranged along the at least one capillary flow passage, the heat source operable to heat the liquid fuel in the at least one capillary flow passage to a level sufficient to change at least a portion thereof from the liquid state to a vapor state and deliver a stream of substantially vaporized fuel from the outlet end of the at least one capillary flow passage; and means for cleaning deposits formed during operation of the apparatus. The flow passage can be a capillary tube heated by a resistance heater or a section of a tube heated by passing electrical energy therethrough.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process of cooking foods using a hydro-fuel to produce super heated in-situ steam. The hydro-fuel is propelled at a regulated flow rate into a pre-heating tube situated near a burner that is used in cooking, but also heats the tube. The pre-heating hydro-fuel is mixed with air in a mixing chamber to form a fuel-air mixture that is then transported to a burner tip on the burner. The fuel-air mixture is ignited at said burner tip to cause combustion producing the release of hot gases and in-situ steam that rise to cook food supported above said burner.

Abstract: In a gas burner for introducing a fuel/air mixture into a combustion chamber, a tube is provided for introducing a source of primary air into a core portion of the fuel air mixture. The resulting secondary flame that is produced within the primary flame causes a reduction of NOX gases, which can be attributed to the dispersion of combustion byproducts within the primary flame. In one embodiment, the air supply tube enters the area of the fuel air mixture radially and then turns and extends axially along an extended axis of the burner.

Abstract: A reactor is provided which produces a hollow cone flame jet. The reactor is formed from a plurality of concentric casings, the inner casing defining a combustion chamber having a converging-diverging nozzle. A primary air chamber is axially positioned within the combustion chamber and has a second end having a substantially divergent conical shape.

Abstract: A plug connection device has a plug housing having at least one contact and a complementary plug having at least one complementary contact. At least one of the plug housing and the complementary plug is moveable relative to the other one in two directions when the plug housing and the complementary plug are inserted into one another. A plug holder is provided in which the plug housing is received. The plug holder has flexible portions to allow compensation movements of the plug holder together with the plug housing relative to the complementary plug to thereby align the plug holder, the plug housing, and the complementary plug with one another for proper insertion and contacting.

Abstract: The invention concerns a pre-vaporizing and pre-mixing burner for liquid fuels which has a fuel feed line (56), a pump which pressurizes the fuel in the feed line, a mixing region (123) and a fuel valve (119) which opens out into the mixing region and by means of which the fuel is atomized and fed to the air for combustion (127). According to the invention, the fuel is vaporized in an optimum manner in that the fuel valve opens automatically as from a given fuel pressure, and a heating device (128) is associated with the fuel valve.

Abstract: A heating system for a tower mounted wind machine is provided. The heating system includes a burner that is rotatably mounted on the tower, in the air stream of the wind machine. The burner receives a combustible fuel conducted through a rotatable manifold on the central tower. The wind machine is a conventional type, generating the air stream by the rotation of a propeller. The wind machine is received on the top of a central tower. The manifold also mounts to the central tower, proximate the wind machine. The manifold has an inner ring and an outer ring. The inner ring mounts in a fixed position to the central tower, and the outer ring circumferentially mounts on the inner ring. The outer ring is rotatable relative to the inner ring. The inner ring includes a fuel inlet, and the outer ring includes a fuel outlet. The burner combusts the fuel that is conducted through the manifold to heat the air stream.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process of cooking foods using a hydro-fuel to produce super heated in-situ steam. The hydro-fuel is propelled at a regulated flow rate into a pre-heating tube situated near a burner that is used in cooking, but also heats the tube. The pre-heating hydro-fuel is mixed with air in a mixing chamber to form a fuel-air mixture that is then transported to a burner tip on the burner. The fuel-air mixture is ignited at said burner tip to cause combustion producing the release of hot gases and in-situ steam that rise to cook food supported above said burner.

Abstract: A method for providing fuel injection in combustion equipment by increasing the velocity of fuel flow delivered to an appliance incorporating a combustion zone and a burner therein, such as to increase ignition speed and flame speed during the combustion process and to reduce the appliance's harmful stack emissions, by employing a device which increases fuel volume while at the same time reducing fuel density through extracting heat from the appliance's combustion zone in order to pre-heat fuel for delivery to the appliance's burner at a constant, pre-set operating temperature of between 100 degrees Fahrenheit and the fuel's flash point temperature.

Abstract: This invention relates to an apparatus and method for increasing the reactivity of a fuel/air mixture prior to homogenous combustion of the mixture. More specifically, this invention is a pilot for a gas turbine combustor which utilizes the heat of combustion within the pilot to increase the reactivity of a portion of the fuel/air mixture utilized by the pilot.

Abstract: There is provided a burner to be used for a portable gas cooking stove, including (a) a mixture gas pipe having an open end through which a gas mixture of combustible gas and air is exhausted, (b) a burner head connected to the mixture gas pipe in a hermetically sealed condition and having at least one opening at a surface thereof, the gas mixture blowing out through the opening, and (c) an igniter igniting the gas mixture blowing out through the opening of the burner head, the igniter generating a spark in a direction perpendicular to a flow of the gas mixture blowing out through the opening of the burner head. The burner makes it possible for the spark to make contact with the gas mixture flow in a larger contact area than that of a conventional burner. Accordingly, it is possible to stably ignite the gas mixture, even if the gas mixture has a great flow velocity.

Abstract: An open air stove comprises a fuel supply line which can be connected to a fuel source, a fuel nozzle which is connected to one end of said supply line and which extends into a cylindrical inner part of an inner cup. The inner cup is mounted concentrically in a partially cylindrical outer cup, so that the cylindrical part of the inner cup extends at least partially into the cylindrical part of the outer cup. The relationship between the nozzle hole diameter &phgr;m, the inner diameter &phgr; of the cylindrical part of the inner cup, and the inner diameter &phgr;y of the cylindrical part of the outer cup is such that when &phgr;m lies in the range of 0.28-0.37 mm &phgr;i will have the value 24 +/−5 mm and &phgr;y will have the value 60 +5/−10 mm.

Abstract: This invention relates to an apparatus and method for increasing the reactivity of a fuel/air mixture prior to homogenous combustion of the mixture. More specifically, this invention is a pilot for a gas turbine combustor which utilizes the heat of combustion within the pilot to increase the reactivity of a portion of the fuel/air mixture utilized by the pilot.

Abstract: A heater with a fuel vaporizer. The vaporizer has an uptube for carrying fuel and is centrally located within the burner. A cap is located over the uptube. A tubular casing forms an annulus about the uptube and communicates with the cap. Vaporizer fuel is carried upwardly in the uptube and downwardly in the annulus. A zero pressure regulator provides fuel to the burner.

Abstract: An appliance for burning a combustible gas, for example a liquefied petroleum gas. The appliance includes a relatively massive metal body forming a heat sink, in which there is formed a passage for flow of the combustible gas from a feed inlet to a discharge outlet. A control member controls the flow rate of the combustible gas. A mixing member for mixes primary air in with a stream of the combustible gas in a gaseous phase in order to obtained a mixture that can be burned. A burner burns the mixture to be burned, and is in thermal connection with the metal body. The control member includes a pressure reducer, at least partially incorporated into the metal body. The pressure reducer includes a chamber into which the combustible gas is admitted in a liquid phase at high pressure, and a chamber from which the gas is discharged at low pressure, at least partially in the gaseous phase. The chambers are formed in the metal body.

Abstract: A burner assembly includes an outer housing having a generally cylindrical internal bore and a generally cylindrical inner housing within the bore of the outer housing. The inner housing is thermally insulated from the outer housing by a pair of axially spaced flanges on the inner housing and by a generally conical bottom wall on the outer housing. The inner housing has a fuel inlet opening and a fuel outlet which communicates with a burner. A generator tube has a fuel inlet end, an intermediate portion which is positioned adjacent the burner, and a fuel outlet end which extends through the outer housing to the fuel inlet opening of the inner housing.

Abstract: A valved nozzle for spraying fuel oil and method therefor includes an inlet, a discharge chamber downstream of the inlet, and a flow restricting orifice downstream of the discharge chamber. The pressure in both the inlet and the discharge chamber urges the valved spray nozzle to open. The valved spray nozzle abruptly opens by the inlet pressure rising above a predetermined upper pressure limit and abruptly closes upon falling to a lower limit. The span between the upper and lower limits defines a very definite deadband across which leakage is avoided at intermediate pressures.

Abstract: A temperature compensated fuel control valve or regulator has a temperature sensor which senses the temperature of fuel entering the regulator. The temperature sensor controls the area of an orifice through which the fuel must pass in order to enter the burner. When the fuel is at low temperature, its viscosity will be higher and more of the orifice area will be exposed to the fuel. When the fuel is at high temperature, it will flow more easily and less of the orifice will be exposed to the fuel thereby allowing less fuel to pass to the burner.

Abstract: An improved gas pistol with reverse flow heating device including a base, a support device, a piezo electric device, an air control device, a reverse flow heating device, an ejection device and an outer tube. In use, an insert ring is coupled to a gas container so that a conical pin in a neck ring urges against a gas valve of the gas container to release the gas, which flows via an inverted-L shaped hole at one side of the conical pin into a neck channel into a sleeve. By turning a control rod to adjust the flow of gas and to cause it to pass through an insert mount, a heating tube and a nut hole into a securing nut, the gas is vaporized and then passed through a relay tube to be ejected through a gas nozzle. At the instant when the gas is ejected, an air adjustment knob may be turned to adjust the amount of induced air to help combustion. Gas and air are mixed in a mixing tube, and the mixture is pushed to a flame nozzle and ejected through a jet hole and a plurality of primary flame holes.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process and a device for burning oxidizable components in a vehicle gas to be purified, comprising a gas inlet (36), a burner (19) with an attached flame pipe (22) opening into a main combustion chamber (24) comprising a bottom and side walls, an annular chamber leading from the side of the main combustion chamber bottom (21), a heat exchanger (32) around which flows the purified gas and through which flows the gas to be purified, and a gas outlet (38). To obtain good combustion with a compact construction, especially to make the best possible use of the geometric dwell time in the main combustion chamber, it is proposed that the main combustion chamber be constructed in such a way and/or has such guide components (40,42,44) that the gas flowing from the bottom towards the annular chamber is distributed completely or largely uniformly over the cross-section of the main combustion chamber.

Abstract: A fuel control assembly for a campstove includes a valve stem which is rotatable 180.degree. within a valve body between open and closed positions. A pin on the valve body extends into a helical slot in the stem for moving the valve stem axially as the valve stem rotates. The stem includes first and second side surface portions which are engageable with a follower member which extends perpendicularly to the rotational axis of the stem. The second side surface portion extends radially outwardly beyond the first side surface portion. The follower member is engageable with a valve for opening the valve as the follower pin is engaged by the second side surface portion of the stem.

Abstract: A jet type gas burner includes a gas supply device, a control device, a piezo-electric device, a return device, a burning device and a housing. A base of the gas supply device is connected to a gas container such that the gas may pass into the base. An adjust rod of the control device is disposed in a hole of the base for controlling the amount of gas flow into the base, and its displacement may be controlled by means of a control knob. The gas enters an extension tube of the gas supply device through a relay seat and a return tube of the control device and is ejected through a jet gas nozzle into a mixing chamber of the burning device to mix with drawn-in air. The mixture is ejected through a nozzle and a plurality of auxiliary flame holes. By means of pressing a button on the gas burner, the piezo-electric device causes sparks to be generated by a conductive needle adjacent the nozzle to ignite the mixture of gas and air, and the flames are emitted from the nozzle as well as the flame holes.

Abstract: Raw gas burner that maximizes fuel efficiency of the burner, minimizes residence time, and reduces or eliminates flame contact with the process air or gas in order to minimize NOx formation. Process air flow such as from the cold side of a heat exchanger associated with thermal oxidizer apparatus is directed into and around the burner. The amount of process air flowing into the burner is regulated based upon the pressure drop created by the burner assembly. The pressure drop is, in turn, regulated by one or more of an external damper assembly, an internal damper assembly, and movement of the burner relative to the apparatus in which it is mounted. To ensure thorough mixing of the fuel and process air, process air entering the burner is caused to spin by the use of a swirl generator. The fuel/process air mixture proceeds into the combustion section of the burner, where the swirling flow is caused to recirculate to ensure complete combustion of the fuel in the combustion chamber.

Abstract: Diesel fuel is vaporized and then burned on a cylindrical screen flame holder. The fuel is vaporized in a finned, vertical tube vapor generator and directed through a superheater tube past the flame to a flow control valve and nozzle. A flow restriction is provided between a liquid fuel supply and the vapor generator. The flame holder is vertically supported over a mixer and the nozzle. A flame deflector about the flame holder and a reservoir about the nozzle collect fuel condensate during start-up.

Abstract: A burner appliance includes a burner assembly, a separate fuel tank, and a tube connecting the fuel tank and the burner assembly. A restrictor rod is positioned within the tube for minimizing fuel surge, enhancing generation of vaporized fuel, and reducing flame pulsation. The restrictor rod is part of a sealing valve which provides secondary shut-off of fuel in the event that the tube is disconnected from the burner assembly.

Abstract: The incinerator has a closed housing (10) with high temperature insulation (17). A linear gas burner (50) is wholly within the bottom portion of the incineration chamber (22), producing a line of small flames (59). Polluted air, passing downwardly through vertically suspended heat exchanger tubes (47) wholly within the combustion chamber, is preheated and then discharged downwardly against the flames 59 of the linear burner (50), producing products of combustion and air heated to about 1400.degree. F. The products of combustion and air pass upwardly and on opposite outer sides of the tubes (47) and exit the incinerator. The heated air and products of combustion heat the insulation sufficiently that it emits radiant energy inwardly for heating the tubes 47 by radiation, as the products of combustion and air heat the tubes 47 by convective heat transfer.

Abstract: Apparatus and method of combusting crude oil produced during testing of a subterranean well includes a primary nozzle for atomizing and spraying the primary feed of crude oil into a combustion chamber; a combustion chamber for receiving and combusting the atomized primary feed and confining the combustion so that the primary feed is completely combusted in the combustion chamber; and an ignitor for igniting the combustion. A secondary nozzle may be located in the combustion chamber for atomizing and spraying a secondary feed of crude oil into the combustion chamber so that the heat of combustion of the primary feed will vaporize the secondary feed and heat the secondary feed above its ignition temperature so that it will completely combust on contact with air. A heat exchanger may be provided which uses the heat from the combustion chamber for preheating the crude oil before the crude oil is supplied to the primary or secondary nozzle.

Abstract: A burner (1) for feeding solid and liquid or gaseous fuel into a burning zone (8) of a kiln, for instance a rotary kiln, and comprising central duct (2) for liquid or gaseous fuel, a surrounding annular duct (3) for primary air and a further surrounding annular duct (4) for solid fuel is provided with an outer duct system (5) for feeding yet an amount of primary air into the burning zone (8), the duct system (5) being in the form of a heat exchanger for transferring heat from the inner kiln compartment surrounding the burner (1) to the primary air transported in the duct system (5) and thereby increasing the velocity of the air passing through the system without any corresponding increase of the fan power or the energy consumption of the kiln plant, but with a substantial decrease in the amount of primary air fed to the burning zone. The duct system (5) is separated from the remainder parts of the burner (1) by an insulating layer (7).

Abstract: The invention provides a combustion device such as a stove which may include a pressurized fuel mixture, such as an aerosol container containing alcohol and a propellant which may comprise a normally gaseous hydrocarbon, such as a liquified petroleum gas. The propellant and air are fed to a combustion zone as a combustion mixture, which is combusted therein in a cold start period to pre-heat the liquid fuel and vaporize it. When the liquid fuel is vaporized by the heat provided by combusting the propellant gas, combustion is continued by combusting the vaporized liquid, e.g., alcohol, fuel. The pressurized fuel composition may comprise a major proportion of alcohol together with a minor proportion of the hydrocarbon propellant starter fuel. The method therefore includes carrying out an initial, cold-start phase of combustion utilizing the propellant as fuel, and a subsequent stage of combustion utilizing the vaporized liquid fuel.

Abstract: The invention provides a combustion device such as a stove which may include a pressurized fuel mixture, such as an aerosol container containing alcohol and a propellant which may comprise a normally gaseous hydrocarbon, such as a liquified petroleum gas. The propellant and air are fed to a combustion zone as a combustion mixture, which is combusted therein in a cold start period to pre-heat the liquid fuel and vaporize it. When the liquid fuel is vaporized by the heat provided by combusting the propellant gas, combustion is continued by combusting the vaporized liquid, e.g., alcohol, fuel. The pressurized fuel composition may comprise a major proportion of alcohol together with a minor proportion of the hydrocarbon propellant starter fuel. The method therefore includes carrying out an initial, cold-start phase of combustion utilizing the propellant as fuel, and a subsequent stage of combustion utilizing the vaporized liquid fuel.

Abstract: A thermally insulating lining for the housing of the heater system ensures that on the outside of the heater system only low temperatures are reached which are not dangerous to operators in the vicinity of the engine. Combustion air duct means between an air preheater and a burner is formed by a large number of tubes arranged alongside each other in at least one row and along an inside wall of the combustion chamber. These tubes ensure that the flow state remains satisfactory and constant and they are substantially more durable than sheet metal duct means as used hitherto.

Abstract: Production of oxides of nitrogen during combustion of liquid fuel can be reduced by burning at relatively low temperatures of about 1400.degree. C., by first producing a special combustible gaseous mixture of superheated steam, fuel vapor, and combustion air. Water is fed (9) to the apparatus in quantities of about 2 to 4 parts for each part of fuel (10). Then the fuel is vaporized (8) in a stream of the superheated steam. This avoids fuel cracking and formation of long-chain hydrocarbons. Preheated air (13,14,15) is added (17) in slightly over stoichiometric proportions. The resulting mixture is burned (2) and the hot effluent is used to heat the evaporator (6,7,8) and the air preheating chamber (15), with a bypass (20) equipped with a throttle (22) being used for regulation of evaporator temperature. For start-up, an external hot air source (23) or electric heat (24) can be used. The remaining heat in the effluent can be captured in a conventional heat exchanger.

Abstract: There is disclosed an oxygen heater, which uses a part of supplied oxygen as auxiliary combustion oxygen, a hot oxygen lance and a pulverized solid fuel burner, both having oxygen heaters. The oxygen heater (1) has a combustion chamber (4) for both mixing and burning fuel with the part of the supplied oxygen. An oxygen-jetting opening (8) is disposed around the combustion chamber. The oxygen jetted out of the opening forms a gas curtain between an internal wall (2) and a flame (10) produced in the combustion chamber, and is heated by the flame. Both the oxygen lance and the burner includes the above-mentioned oxygen heater.