Abstract: A hemostatic material is described, which eliminates the risks of conventional chitosan-derived products, such as the onset of shellfish allergy and endotoxin contamination, can be used safely for more people, and has an antibacterial property and a hemostatic function that widely-used hydrogels lack, and a wound dressing containing the same. A hemostatic material containing cationized cellulose and a wound dressing containing the hemostatic are described. At least one of hydroxyl groups of the cationized cellulose is modified with —R2—N+(R3)(R4)(R5).X?, other hydroxyl groups of the cationized cellulose have —H, or —(CH2CH2O)m—H, R2 represents C1-6 alkylene, C2-6 hydroxyalkylene, —(CH2CH2O)1—, or a combination thereof, 1 represents 1 or 2, m represents 1 or 2, and X? may represent an anionic group.

Abstract: The present invention relates to phage isolates having a strong lytic activity against pathogenic Enterobacteriaceae such as Escherichia coli and/or Salmonella strains and their use in various human or pet food products for the treatment or prevention of bacterial diseases caused by pathogenic Enterobacteriaceae such as Escherichia coli, in particular for phage therapy of pediatric gastroenteritis, or Salmonella infection. It also relates to human or pet food products prepared thereof.

Abstract: A milk protein hydrolysate which is preferably caseinoglycomacropeptide and/or a whey protein in a bioavailable form is used for the manufacture of a composition for the treatment or prevention of diabetes or syndrome X. The invention also relates to a method of treatment or prevention of diabetes or syndrome X utilizing such compositions, a method for assessing proglucagon gene expression and GLP-1 release by a cell line derived from an adenocarcinoma of human caecum.

Abstract: Polynucleotide sequences are provided for the diagnosis of the presence of retroviral infection in a human host associated with lymphadenopathy syndrome and/or acquired immune deficiency syndrome, for expression of polypeptides and use of the polypeptides to prepare antibodies, where both the polypeptides and antibodies may be employed as diagnostic reagents or in therapy, e.g., vaccines and passive immunization. The sequences provide detection of the viral infectious agents associated with the indicated syndromes and can be used for expression of antigenic polypeptides.

Abstract: Polynucleotide sequences are provided for the diagnosis of the presence of retroviral infection in a human host associated with lymphadenopathy syndrome and/or acquired immune deficiency syndrome, for expression of polypeptides and use of the polypeptides to prepare antibodies, where both the polypeptides and antibodies may be employed as diagnostic reagents or in therapy, e.g., vaccines and passive immunization. The sequences provide detection of the viral infectious agents associated with the indicated syndromes and can be used for expression of antigenic polypeptides.

Abstract: The invention relates to a technology by which antibodies directed to sources of infection in body fluids can be assayed with high accuracy, expediency and specificity. More particularly, the invention provides an antibody immunoassay method in which the antigen-antibody reaction between a target antibody in a sample and an assay antigen is conducted in the presence of an E. coli component and an antibody assay method which comprises using a reagent having a specific affinity for the Fc region of an antibody IgG as the antibody assay reagent.

Abstract: Polynucleotide sequences are provided for the diagnosis of the presence of retroviral infection in a human host associated with lymphadenopathy syndrome and/or acquired immune deficiency syndrome, for expression of polypeptides and use of the polypeptides to prepare antibodies, where both the polypeptides and antibodies may be employed as diagnostic reagents or in therapy, e.g., vaccines and passive immunization. The sequences provide detection of the viral infectious agents associated with the indicated syndromes and can be used for expression of antigenic polypeptides.

Abstract: The present invention discloses compositions and methods for the prophylaxis and treatment of bacterial infections by the use of polyvalent bacteriophage having multiple host range.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new genomic nucleotide sequences and amino acid sequences corresponding to the coding region of these genomes. The invention relates to new HCV types and subtypes sequences which are different from the known HCV types and subtypes sequences. More particularly, the present invention relates to new HCV type 7 sequences, new HCV type 9 sequences, new HCV type 10 and new HCV type 11 sequences. Also, the present invention relates to new HCV type 1 sequences of subtypes 1d, 1e, 1f and 1g; new HCV type 2 sequences of subtypes 2e, 2f, 2g, 2h, 2i, 2k and 2l; new HCV type 3 sequences of subtype 3g, new HCV type 4 sequences of subtypes 4k, 4l and 4m; a process for preparing them, and their use for diagnosis, prophylaxis and therapy. More particularly, the present invention provides new type-specific sequences of the Core, the E1 and the NS5 regions of new HCV types 7, 9, 10 and 11, as well as of new variants (subtypes) of HCV types 1, 2, 3 and 4.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to methods for preventing reovirus recognition in the treatment of cellular proliferative disorders, and particularly ras-mediated cellular proliferative disorders, in mammals. The method comprises suppressing or otherwise inhibiting the immune system of the mammal and, concurrently or subsequently, administering to the proliferating cells an effective amount of one or more reoviruses under conditions which result in substantial lysis of the proliferating cells. The methods may include the selective removal of immune constituents that may interfere with the systemic delivery of the virus; preventing reovirus recognition by the host immune system; and removal of the virus from an immune suppressed or immune incompetent host following treatment with reovirus. Alternatively, reovirus may be administered to a mammal with a diminished immune response system under conditions which result in substantial lysis of the proliferating cells.

Abstract: A family of cDNA sequences derived from hepatitis C virus (HCV) are provided. These sequences encode antigens which react immunologically with antibodies present in individuals with non-A non-B hepatitis (NANBH), but which are absent from individuals infected with hepatitis A virus, or hepatitis B virus, and also are absent in control individuals. The HCV cDNA sequences lack substantial homology to the sequences of hepatitis delta virus (HDV) and HBV. A comparison of the sequences of amino acids encoded in the HCV cDNA with the sequences of Flaviviruses indicates that HCV may be related to the Flaviviruses. The HCV cDNA sequences and the polypeptides encoded therein are useful as reagents for the detection and therapy of HCV. The reagents provided in the invention are also useful for the isolation of NANBH agent(s), for the propagation of these agents in tissue culture, and for the screening of antiviral agents for HCV.

Abstract: This invention relates to an isolated nucleic acid fragment encoding a branched-chain biosynthetic enzyme. The invention also relates to the construction of a chimeric gene encoding all or a portion of the branched-chain biosynthetic enzyme, in sense or antisense orientation, wherein expression of the chimeric gene results in production of altered levels of the branched-chain biosynthetic enzyme in a transformed host cell.

Abstract: A biologically-active material comprising a live virus or mycoplasma is preserved by a method of desiccation, without lyophilisation, in a matrix of glassy trehalose having a residual moisture content of not greater than 2%. The method comprises two vacuum drying stages. In a cycle time much shorter than a typical freeze drying process a virus or mycoplasma can be preserved to provide a material that can be rehydrated to give a vaccine having potency.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for the isolation and purification of high-titer recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) compositions. Also disclosed are methods for reducing or eliminating the concentration of helper adenovirus in rAAV samples. Methods are disclosed that provide highly-purified rAAV stocks having titers up to about 1013 particles/ml at particle-to-infectivity ratios of less than 100 in processes that are accomplished about 24 hours or less.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to methods for preventing reovirus recognition in the treatment of cellular proliferative disorders, and particularly ras-mediated cellular proliferative disorders, in mammals. The method comprises suppressing or otherwise inhibiting the immune system of the mammal and, concurrently or subsequently, administering to the proliferating cells an effective amount of one or more reoviruses under conditions which result in substantial lysis of the proliferating cells. The methods may include the selective removal of immune constituents that may interfere with the systemic delivery of the virus; preventing reovirus recognition by the host immune system; and removal of the virus from an immune suppressed or immune incompetent host following treatment with reovirus. Alternatively, reovirus may be administered to a mammal with a diminished immune response system under conditions which result in substantial lysis of the proliferating cells.

Abstract: This invention relates to an isolated nucleic acid fragment encoding a branched-chain biosynthetic enzyme. The invention also relates to the construction of a chimeric gene encoding all or a portion of the branched-chain biosynthetic enzyme, in sense or antisense orientation, wherein expression of the chimeric gene results in production of altered levels of the branched-chain biosynthetic enzyme in a transformed host cell.

Abstract: This invention provides a recombinant feline herpesvirus comprising a foreign DNA inserted into a feline herpesvirus genome, wherein the foreign DNA is inserted into a region of the genome which corresponds to the 3.0 kb EcoRI-SalI fragment within a SalI A fragment of the feline herpesvirus genome and is capable of being expressed in a host cell into which the virus is introduced. Further this invention provides a recombinant feline herpesvirus comprising a feline herpesvirus genome, wherein the feline herpesvirus genome contains a deletion in a SacII site within the 3.0 kb EcoRI-SalI fragment of the SalI A fragment of the feline herpesvirus genome. Lastly, this invention provides vaccines and methods of immunization of animals infected with feline herpesvirus.

Abstract: Three new insect cell lines have been established and characterized. The cloned cell lines are derived from IPLB-Sf-21AE and can grow in serum-free medium. When infected with baculovirus, the cell lines of the invention produce large quantities of baculovirus. Infection with recombinant baculovirus yields large quantities of expressed functional protein. In particular, cell lines deposited in ATCC as PTA-22O7, PTA-2206 and PTA-2205.

Abstract: A diagnostic reagent for hepatitis C virus infection obtained by sensitizing a solid phase with HCV antigen and a conjugated antigen prepared by chemical bonding of HCV antigen and a carrier protein, and a method of diagnosing hepatitis C virus infection, which comprises adding the diagnostic reagent for hepatitis C virus infection to a sample, and measuring the degree of agglutination of carrier particles as the solid phase. The diagnostic reagent and the method of diagnosis enable many samples to be measured with higher sensitivity and rapidity.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to the field of diagnostic microbiology, and, more particularly, to compositions and methods for detecting and differentiating one or more viruses or other intracellular parasites present in a specimen. The present invention also provides compositions and methods to evaluate the susceptibility of a organisms to antimicrobial agents.

Abstract: A method of producing a chimeric protein from ie a plant virus coding for such a protein. The method allows the production of large (ie 25 kDa) proteins which assemble with the virus in infected host cells and are arranged on the outer surface of chimeric viruses. A vector for the production of biologically useful proteins in such a manner is also disclosed.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for the isolation, diagnosis and treatment of microorganisms such as flaviviruses and other hemorrhagic fever viruses are based on the sulfated polyanion-dependent interaction of flaviviruses and hemorrhagic fever viruses, in particular dengue virus, with target cells. The cellular receptors targeted by these viruses have been identified as sulfated polyanionic glycoproteins, that include highly sulfated heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycans for some target cell types, and as a sulfated mucin on vascular endothelium. Compounds such as heparin, highly sulfated heparan sulfate, and synthetic polyanions such as Suramin, inhibit the interaction between the microorganisms and target cells, thereby disrupting the infective process.

Abstract: A cell bioassay is provided for determining the presence in a fluid sample of a sodium channel-activating toxin wherein (a) a fluid sample is incubated in the presence of a culture of cells which express voltage-gated sodium channels and which are responsive in a dose-dependent manner to sodium channel-activating toxins and a medium comprising an agent which causes persistent activation of the voltage-gated sodium channel; (b) the culture is incubated with a medium comprising an indicator which is acted upon by living cells to generate a discernable result, (c) the culture is observed for an incidence of the result, and an observation of the result is correlated with the presence of the toxin in the sample. A simplified assay where steps (a) and (b) are effected together also is provided, as is a cell bioassay for determining the sodium channel affect of a toxin in a fluid sample.

Abstract: The unprocessed polyprotein initially translated from the genome of a positive-stranded RNA virus contains epitopic configurations that are not retained in the processed proteins. The structural protein region, in particular, loses an epitopic configuration upon processing at the cleavage site between the genomic region encoding the core protein and the genomic region encoding the protein adjacent the core protein, such as the envelope protein in HCV. Compositions, methods and assays relating to the diagnosis and detection of the presence of the positive-stranded RNA virus, or antibodies to the positive-stranded RNA virus, in a sample. Compositions and methods for the induction of immune responses in, and vaccination of, an animal. Combination of the unprocessed core region with a non-structural protein (such as an NS5 or an unprocessed NS3-NS4 fusion from HCV).

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) serotype and to attenuated IBV strains derived therefrom, and also to live or inactivated vaccines made using such IB virus. This invention also relates to a method for protecting poultry against IBV using these vaccines.

Abstract: Provided are serum-free, animal protein-free media formulations to be used in conjunction with hematopoietic growth factors for the in vitro growth of human neutrophil and megakaryocyte precursors. The medium contains a base medium, corticosteroid, transferrin, insulin, cholesterol, ethanolamine, and human albumin. Also provided are methods for preparing serum-free, animal protein-free suspensions of human hematopoietic precursor cells wherein the cellular component contains at least about 16% neutrophil precursors and at least about 1% megakaryocyte precursors. Serum-free, animal protein-free suspensions of human hematopoietic cells are provided wherein the cellular component comprises at least about 30%, preferably greater than 60% neutrophil precursors. The neutrophil precursors are comprised of blast cells, promyclocytes, neutrophilic myelocytes, and neutrophilic metamyelocytes.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel recombinant nucleic acid vectors which may be used to produce .alpha.-globin as well as other proteins of interest in quantity in the red blood cells of transgenic animals or cell cultures of erythroid lineage. The present invention also provides for the transgenic animals which contain these recombinant nucleic acid vectors. The vectors of the invention comprise at least one of the major DNase I hypersensitivity sites associated with the .beta.-globin locus together with a gene of interest. According to various embodiments of the invention, the vectors may be used to create transgenic animals or to transfect cells in culture. In a specific embodiment of the invention, a vector which comprises two DNase I hypersensitivity sites together with the human .alpha.-globin gene is used to create transgenic animals which produce human .alpha.-globin protein in erythroid tissues, including red blood cells.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of producing recombinant viral vectors at high titers incorporating a variety of important advancements over the art. The method of the present invention incorporates multiple features which provide enhanced production of viruses, particularly those viruses encoding exogenous transgenes. The specifically illustrated method describes a method for the high titer serum-free media production of recombinant replication defective adenoviruses containing an exogenous transgene. The invention provides methods of preparing microcarriers, methods for seeding bioreactors at high cell density, increasing the infectivity of the producer cells to the virus, methods to increase product yield through synchronization of the cell cycle of the producer cells, and methods to minimize the deleterious effects of exogenous transgenes. The invention further provides producer cells prepared by the process of the invention. The invention further provides viruses produced by the process.

Abstract: A novel cell growth-inhibiting protein is provided. The cell growth-inhibiting protein, obtainable from extract of human uterine endometrial carcinoma, has the amino acid sequence rich in hydrophobic residue at its N-terminal, has a molecular weight of about 68,000 dalton, and is considered to act as a paracrine growth-inhibiting factor in an organism.

Abstract: A method of performing a rapid assay for the simultaneous detection and differentiation of the analytes HIV-1 group M. HIV-1 group O and HIV-2 utilizing a sequence specific polypeptide of each analyte as capture reagents. An analytical. device also is provided for performing the method which includes these capture reagents. Also provided is a test kit which includes the analytical device which further can include a positive and negative control.

Abstract: The present invention is a method for aerobically cultivating yeast or bacteria in a culture medium of fed-batch, continuous or cell-recycling continuous cultures, wherein the carbon source concentration in the culture medium is maintained at a constant low level of under g/l. The carbon source concentration is maintained by measuring the carbon consumption of a culture of the yeast or bacteria in a preliminary experiment. The rate is determined between the time the culture is started and a time when the carbon source is exhausted. A feeding time is then determined wherein the activity of the yeast or bacteria in the presence of the carbon source does not change and a volume of the carbon source to be used in a first feeding (So) is set as So=.nu..times.T. Then, in a main culture, a first feeding of a volume of the carbon source (So) is added for the time (T), and the exhaustion of the carbon source is detected as an increase in pH or an increase in concentration of oxygen dissolved in the culture medium.

Abstract: The invention concerns human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA and more particularly the probes derived from these papillomaviruses, as well as the methods of detecting HPV using these probes. These human papillomaviruses are designated as HPV-2d, HPV-10b, HPV-14a, HPV-14b, HPV-15, HPV-17a, HPV-17b, HPV-19, HPV-20, HPV-21, HPV-22, HPV-23, HPV-24, HPV-28, HPV-29, HPV-31, HPV-32, HPV-IP2 and HPV-IP4.

Abstract: A method of producing active immunity against a viral disease in an animal subject comprises administering to the subject a vaccine conjugate consisting essentially of a live virus and a neutralizing factor bound to the live virus. The neutralizing factor is selected from the group consisting of antibodies and antibody fragments. The live virus is one capable of producing disease in the subject, and the antibody or antibody fragment is one capable of neutralizing the live virus. Preferred subjects are birds, a preferred virus is Infectious Bursal Disease Virus, and a preferred route of administration to birds is by in ovo administration.

Abstract: Human fetal neuro-derived cell lines are implanted into host tissues. The methods allow for treatment of a variety of neurological disorders and other diseases. A preferred cell line is SVG.

Abstract: A cell bioassay is provided for determining the presence in a fluid sample of a sodium channel-activating toxin wherein (a) a fluid sample is incubated in the presence of a culture of cells which express voltage-gated sodium channels and which are responsive in a dose-dependent manner to sodium channel-activating toxins and a medium comprising an agent which causes persistent activation of the voltage-gated sodium channel; (b) the culture is incubated with a medium comprising an indicator which is acted upon by living cells to generate a discernable result, (c) the culture is observed for an incidence of the result, and an observation of the result is correlated with the presence of the toxin in the sample. A simplified assay where steps (a) and (b) are effected together also is provided, as is a cell bioassay for determining the sodium channel affect of a toxin in a fluid sample.

Abstract: Helicoverpa species constitute the most important group of crop pests throughout the world, and scientists have been pursuing the development of biocontrol agents effective for the control of these pests. A virus, the gonad specific virus (GSV), has been discovered which serves this purpose by infecting Helicoverpa species and generally rendering the insects sterile. Those insects which do not become sterile on infection act as carriers of the virus, spreading it among the insect population and producing infected progeny.

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) serotype and to attenuated IBV strains derived therefrom, and also to live or inactivated vaccines made using such IB virus.

Abstract: Process for preparing hepatitis A (HAV) antigens and vaccines.The HAV virus is multiplied on competent cells, the infected cells are lysed, the supernatant is recovered and the purification is carried out by a chromatographic procedure on an anion-exchange support and a gel filtration procedure, the purification procedures being carried out in the presence of a detergent, and the chromatographic procedure being carried out under conditions which retain the virions or viral capsids, which are then eluted.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of classifying an unclassified live poliovirus vaccine as having an acceptable or unacceptable level of neurovirulence, comprising, prior to vaccine administration, the steps of: a) selectively amplifying a region of an unclassified poliovirus vaccine genome containing a nucleotide position predictive for increased neurovirulence using selectively mismatched primers, whereby a restriction endonuclease site in the selectively amplified region is created by introducing a site-specific mutation into the amplified region; b) digesting an amount of the amplified region with a restriction endonuclease that specifically cleaves the amplified sequences in revertant viruses which contain a reversion at the nucleotide position predictive for increased neurovirulence; c) digesting an amount of the amplified region with a restriction endonuclease that specifically cleaves the amplified sequences in nonrevertant viruses which contain the nucleotide position predictive for increased

Abstract: A thermostable varicella zoster virus (tVZV) is useful for the preparation of a vaccine against chickenpox. The tVZV was selected from a population of virus which survived stringent heat inactivation conditions. The surviving virus is used to provide seed virus to produce a new vaccine with enhanced stability.

Abstract: Vaccines comprising a recombinant vaccinia virus expressing at least two heterologous genes encoding pathogen antigens are described. A first antigen gene is inserted into the thymidine kinase gene of the vaccinia virus and a second antigen gene is inserted into the hemagglutinin gene of the vaccinia virus. In particular, the hemagglutinin and fusion genes of the rinderpest virus have been inserted into the thymidine kinase and hemagglutinin genes of the vaccinia virus, respectively. Such double recombinant viruses have been found to be highly attenuated while remaining effective in protecting an inoculated host.

Abstract: A herpes simplex virus (HSV) mutant, UL41NHB, is disclosed which is deficient in the virion host shutoff (vhs) function. This mutant is shown to be profoundly attenuated in its ability to replicate at the periphery and in the nervous system, and in its ability to reactivate from latency.

Abstract: Antigens are produced by self-assembly of polypeptide components. The production of bluetongue virus antigens (BTV) in the form of assembled particles comprising separate polypeptide components, particularly proteins VP2, VP3, VP5 and VP7 is described.

Abstract: Coronaviruses can be a significant factor in bovine shipping fever. A new human rectal tumor cell line, HRT-18G, is suitable as a host cell line for the propagation of these bovine respiratory coronavirus-shipping fever viruses, and also is well suited for the propagation of other bovine coronaviruses.

Abstract: Disclosed is an isolated and purified feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) culture having the identifying characteristics of FIV isolate NCSU.sub.1. A biologically pure culture of host cells containing a FIV having the identifying characteristics of FIV isolate NCSU.sub.1 is also disclosed, along with isolated and purified DNA coding for (a) an FIV having the identifying characteristics of FIV isolate NCSU.sub.1, or (b) an antigenic fragment of an FIV having the identifying characteristics of FIV isolate NCSU.sub.1. Various vaccine formulations containing active agents derived from the foregoing FIV virus, DNA encoding the virus, and DNA encoding antigenic fragments of the virus are also disclosed herein.Also disclosed are immunodeficient mice containing feline tissue, which feline tissue is capable of infection with a feline immunodeficiency virus such as (but not limited to) FIV isolate NCSU.sub.1.

Abstract: Methods of genetically modifying donor cells by gene transfer for grafting into the central nervous system to treat defective, diseased or damaged cells are disclosed. The modified donor cells produce functional molecules that effect the recovery or improved function of cells in the CNS. Methods and vectors for carrying out gene transfer and grafting are described.

Abstract: To deplete viruses in organic material, the material to be purified is conveyed through an ultrafilter or an ultrafiltration unit the depletion rate of which is previously determined. The filter or filtration unit is charged with viruses of the family Leviviridae and the viral count is determined before and after filtration and used to derive the depletion rate. The virus depletion can be monitored during the process by following the depletion of a marker.

Abstract: An immortalized epithelial lens cell line obtained from human lens epithelial cells infected with hybride adenovirus/SV40 (Ad12-SV40), and methods for making and using the cell line are disclosed.

Abstract: Linear or branched oligonucleotide multimers useful as amplifiers in biochemical assays which comprise (1) at least one first single-stranded oligonucleotide unit that is complementary to a single-stranded oligonucleotide sequence of interest, and (2) a multiplicity of second single-stranded oligonucleotide units that are complementary to a single-stranded labeled oligonucleotide. Amplified sandwich nucleic acid hybridizations and immunoassays using the multimers are exemplified.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for transfecting a mammalian cell culture. The process includes incubating a cell culture in the presence of a transfection medium that includes a serum that is of a different type from the serum used in the normal growth medium used to grow the cell culture. It is preferred that the normal growth medium include fetal bovine serum and the transfection medium include a serum such as human, calf, horse, lamb, or pig. The transfection medium may further include an hydryoxylated sterol such as 25-hydroxycholesterol.