Nitrogen Attached Indirectly To The -c(=o)o- Group By Acyclic Nonionic Bonding Patents (Class 44/405)
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Patent number: 11866641Abstract: A surfactant of formula (I) wherein each of R1 and R2 are independently a hydrogen, an optionally substituted alkyl, an optionally substituted cycloalkyl, or an optionally substituted arylalkyl, R3 and R4 are independently an optionally substituted alkyl, an optionally substituted cycloalkyl, or an optionally substituted arylalkyl, x is an integer in a range of 2-8, y is an integer in a range of 1-15, z is an integer in a range of 4-10, n is an integer in a range of 2-5, and A is one of a carboxybetaine group, a sulfobetaine group, or a hydroxy sulfobetaine group. An oil and gas well servicing fluid containing the surfactant and methods of servicing an oil and gas well are also described.Type: GrantFiled: December 23, 2022Date of Patent: January 9, 2024Assignee: KING FAHD UNIVERSITY OF PETROLEUM AND MINERALSInventors: S. M. Shakil Hussain, Muhammad Shahzad Kamal
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Patent number: 11332657Abstract: Dual cation hydrate inhibitor compositions and methods of using such compositions to, for example, inhibit the formation of gas hydrate agglomerates are provided. In some embodiments, such methods include introducing a hydrate inhibitor composition into a fluid, wherein the hydrate inhibitor composition includes at least one compound having the structural formula: wherein each of R1, R2, and R3 is independently a C1 to C6 hydrocarbon chain, wherein R4 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and any C1 to C50 hydrocarbon chain, wherein each of R5 and R6 is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and a C1 to C50 hydrocarbon chain, wherein X? and Y? are counter anions, and wherein each of a and b is independently an integer from 1 to 10.Type: GrantFiled: May 23, 2019Date of Patent: May 17, 2022Assignee: Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.Inventors: Loan Vo, Deepak S. Monteiro, Qiang Lan, Philippe Prince
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Patent number: 11214744Abstract: Methods are provided to prepare a low sulfur fuel from hydrocarbon sources, such as light tight oil and high sulfur fuel oil, often less desired by conventional refiners, who split crude into a wide range of differing products and may prefer presence of wide ranges (C3 or C5 to C20 or higher) of hydrocarbons. These fuels can be produced by separating feeds into untreated and treated streams, and then recombining them. Such fuels can also be formulated by combinations of light, middle and heavy range constituents in a selected manner as claimed. Not only low in sulfur, the fuels of this invention are also low in nitrogen and essentially metals free. Fuel use applications include on-board large marine transport vessels but also on-shore for large land based combustion gas turbines, boilers, fired heaters and transport vehicles and trains.Type: GrantFiled: September 29, 2020Date of Patent: January 4, 2022Assignee: Mawetal, Inc.Inventors: Mohammed Wohaibi, Tom F. Pruitt
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Patent number: 11066562Abstract: The present disclosure is drawn to an acrylamide-containing photo active co-solvent, including a bis-tris propane co-solvent or a polypropylene oxide amine co-solvent modified with an acryloyl group to form the acrylamide-containing photo active co-solvent.Type: GrantFiled: January 31, 2017Date of Patent: July 20, 2021Assignee: Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.Inventors: Zhang-Lin Zhou, Mazi Bar, Gregg A. Lane
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Patent number: 10808163Abstract: Compositions and methods of using of such compositions to, for example, inhibit of the formation of gas hydrate agglomerates are provided. In one embodiment, the methods comprise: introducing a hydrate inhibitor composition comprising a compound into a fluid, wherein the compound comprises two hydrophobic cation moieties, a lipophilic tail, and two linking moieties.Type: GrantFiled: September 5, 2018Date of Patent: October 20, 2020Assignee: Multi-Chem Group, LLCInventors: Qiang Lan, Deepak Steven Monteiro, Mark Paul Ceglio, II, Pushkala Krishnamurthy, Erick J. Acosta
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Patent number: 10351791Abstract: A quaternary ammonium compound of formula (X), wherein R0, R, R2 and R3 is each individually an optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl or aryl group and R includes an optionally substituted hydrocarbyl moiety having at least 5 carbon atoms.Type: GrantFiled: July 28, 2014Date of Patent: July 16, 2019Assignee: Innospec LimitedInventors: Jacqueline Reid, Stephen L. Cook
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Patent number: 10100241Abstract: Compositions and methods of using of such compositions to, for example, inhibit of the formation of gas hydrate agglomerates are provided. In one embodiment, the methods comprise: introducing a hydrate inhibitor composition comprising a compound into a fluid, wherein the compound comprises two hydrophobic cation moieties, a lipophilic tail, and two linking moieties.Type: GrantFiled: April 19, 2016Date of Patent: October 16, 2018Assignee: Multi-Chem Group, LLCInventors: Qiang Lan, Deepak Steven Monteiro, Mark Paul Ceglio, II, Pushkala Krishnamurthy, Erick J. Acosta
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Patent number: 10011756Abstract: Compositions and methods of using of such compositions to, for example, inhibit of the formation of gas hydrate agglomerates are provided. In one embodiment, the methods comprise: introducing hydrate inhibitor composition comprising a compound into a fluid, wherein the compound comprises a hydrophobic cation moiety, one or more lipophilic tails, and a linking moiety.Type: GrantFiled: April 19, 2016Date of Patent: July 3, 2018Assignee: Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.Inventors: Qiang Lan, Deepak Steven Monteiro, Mark Paul Ceglio, II, Pushkala Krishnamurthy, Erick J. Acosta
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Publication number: 20150089861Abstract: N-alkyl, N-alkenyl, N-cycloalkyl, N-aryl amino or imino propionic acids with an alkyl chain ranging from 6 to 18 carbons, or alkenyl chain from 8 to 30 carbons, are obtained from a reaction process in the absence of solvent at a temperature range from 30 to 180° C. and a time of 1 to 10 hours at atmospheric pressure. Formulations composed of N-alkyl or N-alkenyl or N-cycloalkyl or N-aryl amino or imino propionic acids, polyethers derived from propylene oxide or ethylene oxide or copolymer thereof and a solvent consisting of aromatic compounds such as toluene or xylene, diesel or gasoline or alcohols such as isopropanol and ethanol, or mixtures thereof, are obtained inhibit ferrous metal corrosion of pipelines and storage tanks and transport crude oil and liquid fuels. A method inhibiting corrosion of ferrous metals adds an effective amount of the corrosion inhibitor to a petroleum based material such as crude oil and liquid fuels such as gasoline, diesel fuel, and aviation fuel.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 8, 2014Publication date: April 2, 2015Inventors: Raul Hernandez Altamirano, Luis Silvestre Zamudio Rivera, Violeta Yasmin Mena Cervantes, Hiram Isaac Beltran Conde, Marco Antonio Dominguez Aguilar, Jaquelin Martinez Viramontes, Aristeo Estrada Buendia
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Patent number: 8992636Abstract: A fuel additive and its preparation for a engine, a fuel containing the additive, a fuel additive concentrate, a method for improving performance of fuel injectors and a method for cleaning fuel injectors for an engine. The fuel additive includes a quaternary ammonium salt derived from a reaction of a hydrocarbyl substituted anhydride, a tertiary amine and a hydroxyl-containing epoxide, wherein the tertiary amine is devoid of primary and secondary amino groups.Type: GrantFiled: October 8, 2013Date of Patent: March 31, 2015Assignee: Afton Chemical CorporationInventors: Xinngao Fang, Scott D. Schwab
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Publication number: 20140173972Abstract: A liquid fuel composition containing (a) a gasoline base fuel suitable for use in an internal combustion engine; and (b) one or more organic sunscreen compounds. The liquid fuel composition of the present invention provides benefits in terms of improved acceleration and/or power output of an internal combustion engine fuelled by said fuel as well as an increase in flame speed.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 19, 2013Publication date: June 26, 2014Applicant: SHELL OIL COMPANYInventors: Mark Lawrence BREWER, Michael William HOWE
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Publication number: 20140173973Abstract: A liquid fuel composition containing (a) a diesel base fuel suitable for use in an internal combustion engine; and (b) one or more organic sunscreen compounds. The liquid fuel composition of the present invention provides benefits in terms of power output of a diesel engine, and modifying the ignition delay and/or modifying the burn period and/or increasing the cetane number of the liquid fuel composition.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 19, 2013Publication date: June 26, 2014Applicant: SHELL OIL COMPANYInventor: Mark Lawrence BREWER
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Publication number: 20140130401Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices are disclosed for producing, storing and using alcohol fuels. In one aspect of the disclosed technology, a method to provide a fuel for an engine includes mixing an alcohol with water to produce a wet alcohol, adding a fuel constituent in the wet alcohol to form a liquid fuel, the fuel constituent being soluble in the wet alcohol, and converting, in a container having an interior formed of an armored material, the liquid fuel into a gaseous fuel substance using at least one of heat energy or electrical energy to pressurize the liquid fuel, the gaseous fuel substance exhibiting a higher pressure and lower density than that of the liquid fuel.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 15, 2013Publication date: May 15, 2014Applicant: MCALISTER TECHNOLOGIES, LLCInventor: Roy Edward McAlister
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Publication number: 20140051133Abstract: Provided herein are polypeptides having ketol-aid reductoisomerase activity as well as microbial host cells comprising such polypeptides. Polypeptides provided herein may be used in biosynthetic pathways, including, but not limited to, isobutanol biosynthetic pathways.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 10, 2013Publication date: February 20, 2014Applicant: BUTAMAX ADVANCED BIOFUELS, LLCInventors: Sridhar Govindarajan, Yougen Li, Der-Ing Liao, Daniel P. O'Keefe, Jeremy Stephen Minshull, Steven Cary Rothman, Alexander Vincent Tobias
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Publication number: 20130298451Abstract: The present invention is directed to Mannich condensation product sequestering agents or mixtures of Mannich condensation product sequestering agents for use in fuels and lubricating oils. The present invention is also directed to a process for preparing the Mannich condensation product sequestering agents. The present invention is also directed to a product formed by combining, under reaction conditions, a polyisobutyl-substituted hydroxyaromatic compound, an aldehyde, an amino acid or ester thereof, and an alkali metal base to form the Mannich condensation product sequestering agent. The present invention is also directed to a lubricating oil composition, a lubricating oil concentrate, a fuel composition, and a fuel concentrate having the Mannich condensation product sequestering agents of the present invention.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 12, 2013Publication date: November 14, 2013Applicant: Chevron Oronite Company LLCInventors: James J. Harrison, Kenneth D. Nelson
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Publication number: 20130118062Abstract: A fuel composition for a direct fuel injected diesel engine, a method for improving performance of fuel injectors and a method for cleaning fuel injectors for a diesel engine. The fuel composition includes a major amount of fuel and a minor, effective amount of a quaternary ammonium salt having a thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) weight loss of greater than 50 wt. % at 350° C. The amount of quaternary ammonium salt present in the fuel is sufficient to improve performance of the direct fuel injected diesel engine having combusted the composition compared to the performance of such engine having combusted a fuel composition that does not contain the quaternary ammonium salt.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 11, 2011Publication date: May 16, 2013Applicant: AFTON CHEMICAL CORPORATIONInventors: Xinggao FANG, Julienne M. GALANTE-FOX
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Patent number: 8100988Abstract: The invention concerns a multifunctional additive enabling fuels to be operable in cold conditions, consisting of copolymers of at least a dicarboxylic compound with at least an olefin, and whereon are grafted nitrogenous functions and/or esters of general formula (1) wherein: R1 and R2, and R4 and R5, R3 and R6 are hydrogen or alkyl radicals, and x is selected among the amine salts and N-alkylpolyalkylenepolyamines and their monohydroxylated and polyhydroxylated derivatives, N-alkylpolyalkylenepolyamine alkylesters and esters, and alkylamines and N-alkylpolyalkylenepolyamines.Type: GrantFiled: February 4, 2008Date of Patent: January 24, 2012Assignee: Elf Antar FranceInventors: Frank G Eydoux, Philippe Pu. F. Flores, Dominique Vichard, Laurent Germanaud
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Patent number: 8070837Abstract: The use of alkoxylates and nitrogen containing detergents in a fuel additive composition to prevent intake valve sticking and reduce intake valve deposits.Type: GrantFiled: May 10, 2006Date of Patent: December 6, 2011Assignee: The Lubrizol CorporationInventors: Jonathan S. Vilardo, Mark Davies, Malcolm MacDuff, Mitchell M. Jackson
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Patent number: 8038740Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of at least one hydrophobin or of a derivative thereof as a defoamer in additive compositions or fuels, to a process for defoaming fuels, to an additive and fuel composition comprising at least one hydrophobin or derivative thereof and at least one further fuel additive, and to a process for preparing at least one fuel composition.Type: GrantFiled: October 9, 2006Date of Patent: October 18, 2011Assignee: BASF SEInventors: Thomas Subkowski, Hans-Georg Lemaire, Marvin Karos, Susan Hammer, Joern Karl, Dietmar Posselt
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Publication number: 20100154294Abstract: A fuel oil composition comprising a major amount of a fuel oil and a minor amount of a compound being the product of the reaction between (i) a primary or secondary hydrocarbyl-substituted amine or a mixture thereof and (ii) a species containing two or more epoxy groups being: a glycidyl ether (a) or (b), a glycidyl amine (c), a glycidyl ester (d) or a poly-epoxy alkane (e).Type: ApplicationFiled: December 4, 2009Publication date: June 24, 2010Inventor: Robert D. Tack
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Publication number: 20090311169Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing inorganic oxide particles from a precursor material or mixture under combustion synthesis and compositions thereof. The combustion synthesis method is low-cost, low tech, and energy efficient. The combustion synthesized inorganic oxide particles of the method are smaller and exhibits a lower band gap than commercially available specimen of the same chemical composition.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 12, 2009Publication date: December 17, 2009Inventors: Krishnan Rajeshwar, Walter Morales, Norma Tacconi
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Publication number: 20090241413Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of at least one hydrophobin or of a derivative thereof as a defoamer in additive compositions or fuels, to a process for defoaming fuels, to an additive and fuel composition comprising at least one hydrophobin or derivative thereof and at least one further fuel additive, and to a process for preparing at least one fuel composition.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 9, 2006Publication date: October 1, 2009Applicant: Basf AktiengsellschaftInventors: Thomas Subkowski, Hans-Georg Lemaire, Marvin Karos, Susan Hammer, Jörn Karl, Dietmar Posselt
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Publication number: 20080141582Abstract: An additive composition is disclosed. The additive composition includes a lubricity enhancer and a conductivity-improving additive. The lubricity enhancer comprises a salt formed by the reaction of a carboxylic acid with di-n-butylamine and the conductivity improving additive is the combination of: (a) a polymeric condensation product formed by the reaction of an aliphatic aldehyde or ketone, or a reactive equivalent, with at least one ester of p-hydroxybenzoic acid with, (b) a copolymer, terpolymer or polymer of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid or a derivative thereof.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 28, 2007Publication date: June 19, 2008Inventor: Angela Priscilla Breakspear
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Publication number: 20080085845Abstract: In accordance with the disclosure, one aspect of the present application is directed to a dispersant compound comprising the reaction product of (i) a hydrocarbyl carbonyl compound, (ii) a polycarbonyl compound having at least three carbonyl acylating functions, and (iii) a primary amine moiety of a polyamine. Methods of making and methods of using the dispersant compound are also disclosed.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 10, 2006Publication date: April 10, 2008Inventor: John T. Loper
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Corrosion and gas hydrate inhibitors having improved water solubility and increased biodegradability
Publication number: 20040163307Abstract: The invention provides the use of compounds of the formula (1) 1Type: ApplicationFiled: February 20, 2004Publication date: August 26, 2004Applicant: Clariant GmbHInventors: Uwe Dahlmann, Michael Feustel -
Publication number: 20040163306Abstract: The invention provides the use of compounds of the formula (1) 1Type: ApplicationFiled: February 20, 2004Publication date: August 26, 2004Applicant: Clariant GmbHInventors: Uwe Dahlmann, Michael Feustel
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Publication number: 20010037598Abstract: Cetane improvers based on triglycerides and petroleum fractions are disclosed that are at least one half as effective as commercially sold cetane improvers. In each case, the cetane improvers are nitrates produced through the nitration of medium to long chain compounds containing a double bond. Applications include use with diesel and alcohol fuels intended for use in diesel engines. The nitrates have advantages due to their good performance relative to their nitrogen content. Observed properties of some products indicate they also have lubricity and/or detergency enhancing capabilities when used with diesel fuel.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 13, 2000Publication date: November 8, 2001Inventors: Galen J. Suppes, Joseph A. Heppert, Mark H. Mason
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Patent number: 6284008Abstract: The lubricity of low sulfur fuels is enhanced by incorporation of a cold flow improver.Type: GrantFiled: January 14, 2000Date of Patent: September 4, 2001Assignee: Exxon Chemical Patents Inc.Inventor: Rinaldo Caprotti
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Patent number: 6277159Abstract: Specific substituted aromatic amine salt compounds are useful as lubricity additives for middle distillate fuel oils.Type: GrantFiled: July 15, 1999Date of Patent: August 21, 2001Assignee: Exxon Chemical Patents INCInventors: Rinaldo Caprotti, Christophe Le Deore
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Patent number: 6254651Abstract: Reaction products of long chain esters with amines improve the cold flow properties of oils.Type: GrantFiled: December 16, 1998Date of Patent: July 3, 2001Assignee: Exxon Chemical Patents Inc.Inventors: Barbara Catherine Brooke, Robert Dryden Tack
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Patent number: 6096105Abstract: The lubricity of low sulphur fuels is enhanced by incorporation of a cold flow improver.Type: GrantFiled: April 20, 1998Date of Patent: August 1, 2000Assignee: Exxon Chemical Patents IncInventor: Rinaldo Caprotti
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Patent number: 6017370Abstract: The low temperature flow properties of wax-containing liquids are improved by adding a composition comprising (i) a polymer of a C.sub.8-20 alkyl ester of an ethyleneically unsaturated 1,2-diacid, and (ii) the reaction product of an alkanolamine with a C.sub.8-50 hydrocarbyl-substituted acylating agent.Type: GrantFiled: September 25, 1998Date of Patent: January 25, 2000Assignee: The Lubrizol CorporationInventors: John S. Manka, Kim L. Ziegler, Daniel R. Nelson
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Patent number: 5830244Abstract: A fuel additive having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently hydrogen or lower alkyl; R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are independently hydrogen or lower alkyl and each R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 is independently selected in each --O--CHR.sub.3 --CHR.sub.4 -- unit; R.sub.5 is hydrogen, alkyl having 1 to 100 carbon atoms, phenyl, aralkyl having 7 to 100 carbon atoms or alkaryl having 7 to 100 carbon atoms, or an acyl group of the formula: ##STR2## where R.sub.6 is alkyl having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, phenyl, aralkyl having 7 to 36 carbon atoms or alkaryl having 7 to 36 carbon atoms; n is an integer from 5 to 100; and x is an integer from 0 to 10.Type: GrantFiled: December 30, 1996Date of Patent: November 3, 1998Assignee: Chevron Chemical CompanyInventor: Richard E. Cherpeck
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Patent number: 5814110Abstract: Distillate fuel is treated with additives whose structure match the crystal planes of the wax which crystallizes from the fuel to produce crystals below 4000 nanometres in size, suitable additive include novel sulpho-carboxylic materials particularly their esters and amine derivatives such as the amine salts and/or amides of ortho-sulpho benzoic acid.Type: GrantFiled: November 23, 1994Date of Patent: September 29, 1998Assignee: Exxon Chemical Patents Inc.Inventors: Kenneth William Bartz, Jacqueline Dawn Bland, David Paul Gillingham, Richard Dix Kerwood, Edwin William Lehmann, Kenneth Lewtas, John Edward Maddox, Albert Rossi, Robert Dryden Tack
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Patent number: 5772705Abstract: The lubricity of low sulphur fuels is enhanced by incorporation of a cold flow improver.Type: GrantFiled: December 5, 1996Date of Patent: June 30, 1998Assignee: Exxon Chemical Patents Inc.Inventor: Rinaldo Caprotti
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Patent number: 5628803Abstract: Compounds having the formula: ##STR1## and fuel soluble salts thereof; wherein R.sup.1 is nitro or --(CH.sub.2).sub.x --NR.sup.4 R.sup.5, wherein R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are independently hydrogen or lower alkyl and x is 0 or 1; R.sup.2 is hydrogen, hydroxy, nitro, or --NR.sup.6 R.sup.7 wherein R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 are independently hydrogen or lower alkyl and R is a polyalkyl or polyalkyloxycarbonyl group. The compounds of formula I are useful as fuel additives for the prevention and control of engine deposits.Type: GrantFiled: December 29, 1995Date of Patent: May 13, 1997Assignee: Chevron Chemical CompanyInventor: Richard E. Cherpeck
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Patent number: 5441653Abstract: Two-stroke cycle engine lubricant and lubricant fuel composition comprise a composition prepared by reacting an aromatic compound of the formula ##STR1## with a carboxylic reactantR.sup.1 CO(CR.sup.2 R.sup.3).sub.x COOR.sup.10and optionally, ammonia or amines.In another embodiment the 2-stroke cycle lubricants contain a carboxylic composition of the formula ##STR2## wherein the various groups are defined herein.Type: GrantFiled: August 9, 1994Date of Patent: August 15, 1995Assignee: The Lubrizol CorporationInventors: William K. S. Cleveland, Paul E. Adams, Marvin B. De Tar
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Patent number: 5284493Abstract: The reaction products of (1) anhydrides and/or poly-acids and (2) aminoalcohols or aminoalcohols/amides with long chain hydrocarbyl groups attached improve the low-temperature properties of distillate fuel when added thereto.Type: GrantFiled: November 16, 1992Date of Patent: February 8, 1994Assignee: Mobil Oil CorporationInventors: David J. Baillargeon, Angeline B. Cardis, Dale B. Heck, Susan W. Johnson
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Patent number: 5282872Abstract: An Otto-cycle engine fuel containing a small amount of an amide, amide/ammonium salt and/or ammonium salt of an aminoalkylene polycarboxylic acid and a long-chain secondary amine as additive for cleaning the carburetor and valves.Type: GrantFiled: November 3, 1992Date of Patent: February 1, 1994Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Knut Oppenlaender, Brigitte Wegner, Juergen Mohr, Roland Schwen, Klaus Barthold, Juergen Thomas
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Patent number: 5281346Abstract: This invention relates to lubricants for two-cycle engines comprising a major amount of at least one oil of lubricating viscosity and a minor amount of at least one compound of the general formulaA.sup.y- M.sup.y+ (I)wherein M represents one or more metal ions, y is the total valence of all M and A represents one or more anion containing groups having a total of about y individual anionic moieties and each anion containing group is a group of the formula ##STR1## wherein T is selected from the group consisting of ##STR2## Additive concentrates and lubricant-fuel mixtures for two cycle engines are also disclosed as well as methods for operating two-cycle engines.Type: GrantFiled: April 16, 1992Date of Patent: January 25, 1994Assignee: The Lubrizol CorporationInventors: Paul E. Adams, William K. S. Cleveland
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Patent number: 5167671Abstract: The low-temperature properties of distillate fuels are improved when reaction products of pyromellitic dianhydride and amonoalcohols and/or amines with long chain hydrocarbyl groups are incorporated therein.Type: GrantFiled: December 3, 1990Date of Patent: December 1, 1992Assignee: Mobil Oil CorporationInventors: David J. Baillargeon, Angeline B. Cardis, Dale B. Heck
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Patent number: 5156655Abstract: The reaction products of benzophenone tetracarboxylic dianhydride and aminoalcohols and/or amines with long chain hydrocarbyl groups attached improve the low-temperature properties of distillate fuels when added thereto in minor amounts.Type: GrantFiled: December 3, 1990Date of Patent: October 20, 1992Assignee: Mobil Oil Corp.Inventors: David J. Baillargeon, Angeline B. Cardis, Dale B. Heck
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Patent number: 5100438Abstract: Coal-water slurries containing a rheological additive are provided. Rheological additives employed for preparation of the coal-water slurries are ester-amide products obtained by reaction of a polycarboxylic acid with a polyether glycol and aliphatic amine. Salts of the ester-amides may also be advantageously employed as dispersants. The ester-amide additives are employed in an amount from about 0.1 to about 4 percent by weight of the slurry. Stable aqueous slurries containing from 60 to 80 percent by weight coal solids are produced.Type: GrantFiled: July 26, 1988Date of Patent: March 31, 1992Assignee: Henkel CorporationInventors: William S. Kain, Donald D. Staker