Abstract: Provided are a device control method and apparatus. The method is applied to an audio device, and includes: receiving an acoustic signal set, determining a propagation characteristic of an acoustic signal in the acoustic signal set, determining, according to the propagation characteristic, a device parameter associated with audio play quality to be used by the audio device, and controlling the audio device to play audio with the device parameter.

Abstract: A voice activation system for a vehicle. The voice activation system for a vehicle which has at least one sound panel capable of providing vibrations of a user's voice from the outside of the vehicle into an inside area of the vehicle. A laser listening device is operably connected to the panel for receiving vibrations from a user's voice. A controller receives a pre-identified command of the user from the laser listener and operates an action in the vehicle in response thereto.

Abstract: A wireless power-transmission apparatus includes at least one antenna element disposed at a specific position in a three-dimensional space having a predetermined shape and size, to transmit a power transmission beam, an acquirer to acquire an inclination angle of the antenna element to a plane direction of a reference plane and a height of the antenna element to the reference plane, and a controller to control at least one of antenna power and a power transmission direction of the power transmission beam so that interference power of the power transmission beam toward an outside of the three-dimensional space becomes equal to or smaller than a predetermined allowable value when the antenna element is disposed at the acquired inclination angle and height.

Abstract: A device for generating wideband signals in a local coil and a magnetic resonance tomography system with the device are provided. The device has a first analog-digital converter for digitizing a magnetic resonance signal, a signal conditioner, a pulse filter, and a transmit antenna. The signal conditioner is configured to increase a harmonic component in an output signal of the first analog-digital converter, and the pulse filter is configured to restrict an output signal of the signal conditioner to a predetermined frequency band before the output signal of the signal conditioner is emitted via the transmit antenna. The receiver is configured to receive and digitize the signal via a receive antenna, and regain a digital representation of the magnetic resonance signal by a signal processor.

Abstract: A flexible frame element has a receiving curved surface which is concave to mate with and receive the curved surface of an object upon which it is to be applied. The frame element is substantially transparent and includes a phosphorescent layer along the concave curved surface. The frame element may include a flexible wire to provide structural integrity. The frame element is disposed along the phone body with the concave surface receiving the convex surface and the phosphorescent layer being disposed between the convex surface of the phone body and the concave surface of the frame element.

Abstract: According to an embodiment of the present invention, a protective film package includes a tray including a recess for seating an electronic device including a front plate exposing the display, a protective film, attached to the front plate of the electronic device, including a photo-curing layer, and a photo-curing support structure detachably coupled to the electronic device wherein the protective film is disposed at a predetermined position on the front plate when the tray on which the electronic device is seated and the protective film are aligned, and at least a portion of the edge of the protective film is pressed to the front plate by the photo-curing support structure when the photo-curing support structure is coupled with the electronic device on which the protective film is disposed. Various other embodiments are possible.

Abstract: A communication system utilizing reconfigurable antenna systems is described where beam steering and null forming techniques are incorporated to limit the region or volume available for communication with client devices. The communication system described restricts communication to defined or desired area and degrades signal strength coverage outside of a prescribed region. An algorithm is used to control the antenna system to monitor and control antenna system performance across the service area. This antenna system technique is applicable for use in communication systems such as a Local Area Network (LAN), cellular communication network, and Machine to Machine (M2M).

Abstract: A phased array radar system includes a first input signal source configured to generate a first input signal (e.g., a clock signal), and a second input signal source configured to generate a second input signal (e.g., a local oscillator signal). A multiplexer is operatively connected to the first and second input signal sources, and is configured to selectively route the first and second input signals onto a single output channel. At least one signal dividing device is operatively connected to the single output channel, and is configured to generate a plurality of output signals from a signal received from the signal multiplexer. A plurality of signal demultiplexers are also provided, with each demultiplexer responsive to one of the plurality of output signals for routing the output signal to one of a plurality of output channels. A plurality of radar receivers and/or exciters are operatively connected to the plurality of output channels of the plurality of multiplexers.

Abstract: A system for vector network analysis of a device under test, comprising at least two measurement receivers, at least one signal generator device formed separately from the at least two measurement receivers, and at least one data processing unit connected with the measurement receivers. The connection between the data processing unit and at least one of the measurement receivers is flexible so that the position of the measurement receiver is adjustable. Further, a method for vector network analysis of a device under test is described.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for wireless transmission and reception of power in a wireless power network are disclosed. The wireless power network comprises a wireless power transmitter configured to transmit RF power to at least one wireless power receiver. A method of transmitting power in a wireless power network is disclosed, wherein the wireless power network comprises a wireless power transmitter in bidirectional communication with at least one wireless power receiver. A wireless power transmitter capable of transmitting power to at least one wireless power receiver is also disclosed. In some embodiments, the wireless power transmitter comprises an application processor operably coupled to a plurality of wireless power transmitter channels. A wireless power receiver is also disclosed. The wireless power receiver may be configured to convert an RF power signal to direct current (DC).

Abstract: A technology capable of sampling sensor signals in a plurality of channels simultaneously is realized. An input unit is capable of inputting sensor signals from a plurality of sensors, and includes an analog-to-digital (AD) conversion unit which is disposed with respect to each of the plurality of sensors and acquires the sensor signal from each of the sensors and converts the sensor signal into a digital signal, and a timing control unit which controls timing at which a plurality of the AD conversion units acquire the sensor signal for each of the AD conversion units according to a sampling period of each of the plurality of sensors.

Abstract: A second touch area provided on the back side of the mobile phone in a location such that an index finger can be used to provide input when while the mobile phone is being held in that one hand. A second hand is not required for the various types of input that are provided using this second touch area. This allows the mobile phone to be used in single-handed operation in many circumstances.

Abstract: A sequence-based signal processing method and apparatus are provided. A sequence meeting a requirement for sending a signal by using a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) is determined, where the sequence is a sequence {fn} consisting of N elements, fn is an element in the sequence {fn}, and the determined sequence {fn} is a sequence meeting a preset condition; then, the N elements in the sequence {fn} are respectively mapped to N subcarriers to generate a first signal; and the first signal is sent. By using the determined sequence, when a signal is sent by using a PUCCH, a low sequence correlation can be maintained, and a relatively small peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) value and cubic metric (CM) value can also be maintained, thereby meeting a requirement of a communication application environment in which a signal is sent by using a PUCCH.

Abstract: A communication system using adaptive sample rate reduction (ASRR) is disclosed. The system includes a digital front end (DFE) and a radio frequency (RF) interface. The DFE is configured to receive a baseband signal, identify reduced performance parameters for the baseband signal, reduce a sampling rate for the baseband signal based on the reduced performance parameters and generate a digital interface signal using the reduced sampling rate. The RF interface is configured to generate an analog TX signal from the digital interface signal.

Abstract: Systems and methodologies are described that facilitate efficient cell acquisition in a wireless communication system. In one aspect, a reference signal for use in cell acquisition can be constructed in a bandwidth-agnostic manner such that it contains a common central portion in a predetermined frequency band that is independent of a bandwidth utilized by an associated wireless communication system. The central portion can be constructed as a two-dimensional block in time and frequency that spans a default cell search bandwidth, a predetermined bandwidth specified by synchronization codes or other signals, or another suitable bandwidth. A reference signal can then be constructed form the central portion by tiling or expanding the central portion such that it spans the entire system bandwidth.

Abstract: A multi-mode media system operable at a given time in one of a first or a second mode, selectively, the first mode comprising operation to access a media source co-housed with or connected to and operationally integrated with the media system and configured to stream media content to the multi-mode media system for playing by the media system, and the second mode comprising operation of the media system for controlling over a network a media source remote from the multi-mode media system for outputting media content on an output device separate from the multi-mode media system, the media system not being operable in both modes simultaneously nor operable exclusively only in a single one of such modes.

Abstract: A device and method for signal separation in an orthogonal time frequency space communication system using MIMO antenna arrays. The communication device includes an antenna arrangement and a receiver. The receiver is configured to receive, from the antenna arrangement, a plurality of pilot signals associated with respective locations in a time-frequency plane wherein the plurality of pilot signals were transmitted from a corresponding plurality of transmit antenna elements. The receiver is further configured to receive signal energy transmitted by the plurality of transmit antenna elements and to measure, based upon the plurality of pilot signals, a plurality of two-dimensional time-frequency coupling channels between the plurality of transmit antenna elements and the antenna arrangement. The receiver is also operative to invert a representation of each of the plurality of two-dimensional time-frequency coupling channels to provide a plurality of inverted channel representations.

Abstract: The disclosure provides an electronic device, a method and computer-readable medium. The electronic device includes a circuitry. The circuitry is configured to receive a radio communication signal for another device. The circuitry is also configured to determine, based on the radio communication signal, one or more features that can reflect the difference between uplink transmission mode and downlink transmission mode. The circuitry is further configured to judge whether the radio communication signal is for uplink transmission or downlink transmission according to the feature(s).

Abstract: A fingerprint detection apparatus and a fingerprint detection method employ a collection module and a processing module. The collection module is configured to collect fingerprint information and generate a fingerprint detection signal. The processing module is configured to process the fingerprint detection signal and generate fingerprint image data, and includes a frequency mixer. The frequency mixer is configured to perform quadrature mixing and low pass filtering on the fingerprint detection signal, and to convert an alternating current signal of the fingerprint detection signal into a direct current signal. Therefore, the bandwidth of the fingerprint detection signal can be decreased, noises in the fingerprint detection signal can be filtered out, the signal to noise ratio can be improved, the fingerprint detection sensitivity can be enhanced, and the anti-interference capacity can be increased, so that the adaptability of the fingerprint detecting apparatus to an application environment can be improved.

Abstract: A method for modifying the execution sequence of tests for testing an object on a test system. The tests include a group of tests that is a candidate for replacement. The method includes: while executing the tests according to the execution sequence and before executing the group of tests, modifying, in real time, the execution sequence including: executing a delay instead of the group of tests, wherein the delay is related to the group of tests.

Abstract: First and second receivers are used to receive respective first and second signals, to process said first and second signals and provide respective first and second measures thereof to respective first and second transmitters. The first and second transmitters are configured to launch the first and second measures, respectively, each comprising a desired component that has originated at a desired source, and an interference component that has originated at an interfering source. The first and/or second transmitters are configured to process and launch the respective first and second measures, properly conditioned, so that upon interception thereof by a receiving element the interference components thereof add destructively and substantially cancel (or at least partially cancel) each other, whereas the desired components avoid substantial cancellation owing to a phase relationship therebetween that differs relative to a phase relationship between the interference components.

Abstract: A desktop USB-charger related product has space to receive an AC power-wire, USB-charger wire, or another charging related wire(s). The USB-charger related product is arranged to be installed on a desk top at a hand-reachable distance from a user by attachment means so that there is no need for the user to bend body or knee in order to charge a device using the charger. The USB-charger related product has at least one USB-port that can supply a desired output-current in the range of from 1.0 A to 12 A and 3.5VDC to 8.5VDC by converting input AC power ranging from 110VAC to 250VAC. The USB-charger product may also incorporate at least one additional device such as an AC outlets, sensor, motion sensor, remote control, time display, LEDs, other lights, a power fail device, a smell device, an audio device, a video device, or other electric or electronic devices.

Abstract: A frequency synthesizing circuit comprising a first mixer configured to receive a first input signal at a first input thereof, a first filter configured to receive an output signal of the first mixer and remove undesired signal frequencies from the output signal of the first mixer, and a feedback loop. The feedback loop includes a second mixer having a first input connected to the output of the first filter and a second input for receiving a second input signal. The second mixer is configured to mix a signal received at the first input with the second input signal. The feedback loop further includes a third mixer having a first input connected to an output of the second mixer and a second input for receiving a third input signal. The third mixer is configured to mix a signal received at the first input with the third input signal.

Abstract: A transmitter for transmitting information has a mapper for generating a plurality of mapped symbols, each mapped symbol having a first component and a second component, one of the first and second components being an in-phase component and the other of the first and second components being a quadrature component from a codeword; and a component interleaver for generating a plurality of interleaving units to be transmitted in a time sequence, the plurality of interleaving units consisting of at least three different interleaving units, wherein an interleaving unit has a plurality of pairs of first and second components, wherein the component interleaver is configured for assigning all first components and all second components of a codeword to the plurality of interleaving units in accordance with an interleaving rule, so that an I component of an mapped symbol and the Q component of the same mapped symbol are never assigned to one and the same interleaving unit, but to two different interleaving units.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods and apparatuses for demodulating discrete-time desired signals in a period-Td bandpass desired signal in the presence of interference that results from a period-T bandpass interference signal that has been nonlinear distorted. Estimation of the nonlinear-distorted interference and subsequent cancellation from a received signal, that includes the interference and desired signal, produces residual-interference signals. The demodulation of the residual-interference signals uses an equalization technique when Td is not equal to T. The estimation, cancellation, and demodulation are adapted for changing nonlinear distortion effects.

Abstract: A near field communications (NFC) device is disclosed that detects a presence of another NFC capable device within its magnetic field. The NFC device observes signal metrics of an observed detection signal at various intervals. The NFC device determines a statistical relationship based upon at least two first signal metrics from among the signal metrics to determine an estimate of at least one second signal metric from among the signal metrics. The NFC device compares a difference between the estimate of the signal metric of the at least one second signal metric and the at least one second signal metric. The NFC capable device makes a first determination that another NFC device is present within its magnetic field when the difference indicates that the at least one second signal metric is non-linearly related to the at least two first signal metrics.

Abstract: A system includes a plurality of stations capable of communicating with each other. A station of the system may comprise multiple antenna subassemblies and a receiver coupled to the subassemblies. The station is operable to activate one or more of the subassemblies to determine a direction of a first incoming signal, and to then activate another one or more of the subassemblies to receive a second incoming signal from substantially the same direction. Alternatively, the station may comprise multiple antenna subassemblies and a receiver coupled to the subassemblies and operable to activate each of the subassemblies for a respective interval to service at least one respective transmitting station covered by the activated subassembly during the interval.

Abstract: Various embodiments are directed to systems and methods for combining a plurality of codes. The plurality of codes may be binary codes having possible logical values of ?1 and +1 and may comprise an even number of codes. An output of the combining v0,k may be given by: v0=sgn(vi), where vi is the sum of the first plurality of codes at the first time. Embodiments for allocating different power levels among various codes are presented.

Abstract: Methods and systems for transmitting a spectrally efficient signal. The method includes frequency modulating an input signal in a transmitter to generate a first frequency modulated (FM) signal and generating in the transmitter an amplitude modulated (AM) component based at least on the input signal. The method may then include generating a second FM signal based at least on the AM component and the first FM signal and sending the second FM signal to a receiver.

Abstract: A medical device communication system transmitter may include a resonator coupled to a local oscillator for stabilizing an operating frequency of the local oscillator. A control device of the transmitter receives an open-loop control signal, and the local oscillator and the control device are configured to generate a direct modulated radio frequency transmission signal in response to the open-loop control signal.

Abstract: A new coded continuous phase modulation (CPM) scheme is proposed to enhance physical layer performance of the current DVB-RCS standard for a satellite communication system. The proposed CPM scheme uses a phase pulse design and combination of modulation parameters to shape the power spectrum of CPM signal in order to improve resilience to adjacent channel interference (ACI). Additionally, it uses a low complexity binary convolutional codes and S-random bit interleaving. Phase response using the proposed CPM scheme is a weighted average of the conventional rectangular and raised-cosine responses and provides optimum response to minimize frame error rate for a given data rate.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and system for transmitting and controlling uplink diversity signals in a mobile communication device. While in a soft handoff situation, a mobile communications device may receive a phase feedback signal from a non-serving base station. The mobile device may calculate a modified phase parameter based on the phase feedback signal from the non-serving base station in order to minimize interference with the non-serving base station, for example, by calculating a modified value of a phase difference in a direction opposite to the direction desired by the non-serving base station. In some embodiments of the invention, the mobile device may determine whether to calculate the modified phase parameter in a direction opposite to the direction indicated by the phase feedback signal of the non-serving base station based on a comparison of power feedback signals received from the non-serving and serving base stations.

Abstract: In various embodiments, a method for determining whether a signal includes a wanted signal may be provided. The method may include determining a frequency at which the signal has a signal energy above a first pre-defined signal energy threshold and determining whether the signal includes a wanted signal, based on whether the signal has a signal energy above a second pre-defined signal energy threshold in a pre-defined frequency range in a frequency neighborhood of the determined frequency.

Abstract: An RFID system using an M pulse amplitude modulation (M-PAM) or M quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM) scheme using a plurality of load-modulators, a plurality of antennas, and a communication method thereof are provided. The RFID system includes: an RFID tag; and a reader device communicating with the RFID device, wherein the RFID tag includes: N load-modulators an N antennas communicating with the reader device in any one scheme of M-pulse amplitude modulation (M-PAM) and M-quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM) in which modulation of an M level is performed and operated corresponding to the M level.

Abstract: A remote device powering module, system and method for providing RF power to an electronic device located in a bounded area. The remote device powering module comprises a phased array antenna and is connected to a source to convert the power to an electric signal and to apply a phase reference to the electrical signal. The electrical signal is shifted with a shifting module and phased array antenna that comprises a plurality of radiating elements generates and transmits RF power via RF waves using the phase reference and the shifted phase. The RF power is then converted by the receiver to direct-voltage to be provided to the electronic device.

Abstract: A multi-standards transceiver includes: a first synthesizer arranged to generate a first oscillating signal; a second synthesizer arranged to generate a second oscillating signal; a first transceiver; a second transceiver; and a multiplexer coupled to the first synthesizer and the second synthesizer; wherein when the multi-standards transceiver operates under a first frequency mode, the first transceiver is arranged to use the first oscillating signal to modulate a first analog signal and the multiplexer is arranged to output the second oscillating signal to the second transceiver so that the second transceiver uses the second oscillating signal to modulate a second analog signal.

Abstract: Methods and devices for phase shifting an RF signal for a base station antenna are provided. The device includes a transmission line that has a stationary ground plane coupled to the top of a substrate and a signal line on the bottom of the substrate. The signal line has an input port and an output port. The input port receives the RF signal with a certain phase and travels across the bottom of the substrate to the output port. The RF signal has a different phase at the output port because defected ground structures etched on the stationary ground plane shift the phase of the RF signal. In addition, the device includes a movable ground plane that may cover a portion of the defected ground structures, the substrate, and the stationary ground plane such that the moveable ground plane further adjusts the phase of the RF signal.

Abstract: An integrated circuit is described. The integrated circuit includes a global positioning system core that generates a GPS clock signal using an inductor-capacitor voltage controlled oscillator. The integrated circuit also includes a transceiver core configured to use the GPS clock signal. The transceiver core may not include a voltage controlled oscillator.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for processing a terahertz frequency electromagnetic beam are disclosed. For example, the method receives the terahertz frequency electromagnetic beam via a metamaterial having a plurality of addressable magnetic elements, where a resonant frequency of each of the plurality of addressable magnetic elements is capable of being programmably changed via an adjustment, and activates selectively a subset of the plurality of addressable magnetic elements to manipulate the terahertz frequency electromagnetic beam.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and equipment for use in the management of network topology and bandwidth for computing networks are provided. In an illustrative implementation of a device acting as a patch panel is provided. The patch panel works on both the physical wire and on the frequencies of the wire to route data to appropriate destination points. For example, both ADSL and telephony could be bridged among copper wires, using several independent busses. Home Phone Network Alliance Association (HPNA) standardized data could either be bridged among wires, or connected to an internal switching device, that would store and forward the native Ethernet packets used by HomePNA in a way similar to that done by Ethernet switches today. Additionally, an Ethernet uplink could attach the HPNA ports to a larger network or to a DSL Modem, and HPNA/ADSL could be removed from wires that might have privacy concerns or otherwise need filters to perform properly.

Abstract: A system and method for a radio controlled clock receiver adapted to extract timing and time information from a phase modulated signal. The official time signal is broadcast from a central location using a modified modulation scheme, which adds phase modulation over the legacy amplitude modulation, such as the legacy WWVB pulse width modulated (PWM)/amplitude shift keying (ASK) modulation, thereby allowing for improved performance. The information modulated onto the phase contains a known synchronization sequence having good autocorrelation properties, error-correcting coding for the time information and notifications of daylight-saving-time (DST) transitions that are provided months in advance. The modulation scheme is based on a form of phase modulation, such as binary-phase-shift-keying (BPSK) or phase reversal keying (PRK).

Abstract: A low noise detection system is disclosed in which a modulator located in a transmitter or a receiver is configured to convert a voltage data signal to a frequency signal, to modulate a baseband signal with the voltage data, and to output the modulated data signal. The receiver further includes a log detection amplifier configured to receive the modulated data signal and to regeneratively demodulate the modulated data signal to extract the data in an amplified analog data signal while not significantly amplifying any noise in the modulated data signal. The receiver further includes a digital conversion circuit for converting the amplified analog signal into a digital data signal.

Abstract: In a wireless 802.15.4 communication system (300), a high-speed data frame structure (340) is provided which uses the 802.15.4 SHR structure that is spread modulated to obtain the synchronization benefits of the 802.15.4 protocol, but which uses a modified data frame structure for the payload portion without using spreading to thereby improve its transmission efficiency. The transmission efficiency can be further increased by increasing the size of the data payload (and correspondingly, the frame length size).

Abstract: In a single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) system that utilizes interleaved FDMA (IFDMA) or localized FDMA, multiple transmitters may transmit their pilots using time division multiplexing (TDM), code division multiplexing (CDM), interleaved frequency division multiplexing (IFDM), or localized frequency division multiplexing (LFDM). The pilots from these transmitters are then orthogonal to one another. A receiver performs the complementary demultiplexing for the pilots sent by the transmitters. The receiver may derive a channel estimate for each transmitter using an MMSE technique or a least-squares technique. The receiver may receive overlapping data transmissions sent on the same time-frequency block by the multiple transmitters and may perform receiver spatial processing with spatial filter matrices to separate these data transmissions.

Abstract: A user equipment (UE) is provided which reduces uplink signaling overhead in the process of reporting inter-frequency measurement results over a RACH. For measurement reporting, the UE receives an SIB including a cell information list for non-used frequency cells and a threshold from an RNC, compares signal strengths of signals received from the non-used frequency cells with the threshold, and acquires at least one inter-frequency cell ID indicating at least one non-used frequency cell having signal strength exceeding the threshold from the cell information list. The at least one inter-frequency cell ID is included in a RACH message as measurement result information for the at least one non-used frequency cell, and transmitted to the RNC. The RNC determines that the cell corresponding to the inter-frequency cell ID has signal strength exceeding the threshold.

Abstract: A communications system may include a first communications device that may include a transmitter and a modulator cooperating therewith to modulate a coded waveform using a constant phase modulation (CPM) to generate a non-linear CPM waveform, and generate a linear representation of the non-linear CPM waveform, the linear representation including a plurality of pulses. The transmitter and a modulator may further cooperate to remove at least some of the plurality of pulses to define a modified linear representation of the non-linear CPM waveform, and transmit the modified linear representation of the non-linear CPM waveform. The communications system may further include a second communications device that may include a receiver and a single pulse-matched filter linear demodulator cooperating therewith to demodulate the modified linear representation of the non-linear CPM waveform transmitted from the first communications device.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling transmission and reception of dedicated pilots according to an MCS level in a wireless communication system are provided, in which an MCS level is determined for a data channel, the amount of resources for sending dedicated pilots is determined in inverse proportion to the MCS level, a pilot channel signal including basic pilots mapped to resources allocated to a pilot channel, a control channel signal including control information mapped to resources allocated to a control channel, and a data channel signal including the dedicated pilots mapped to the determined amount of resources being part of resources allocated to the data channel and data mapped to the remaining of the resources allocated to the data channel are generated, and the pilot channel signal, the control channel signal, and the data channel signal are multiplexed and sent in the mapped resources.

Abstract: A radio frequency communication device has data transmission means and data receiving means. The data transmission means comprise load modulating means being adapted to receive a radio frequency carrier signal emitted by another RF communication device and to modulate the RF carrier signal by means of load modulation in accordance with data to be sent. The data receiving means comprise a RF frequency carrier signal generator being adapted to emit a radio frequency carrier signal and load demodulating means being connected to an emission path of the radio frequency carrier signal and demodulating the radio frequency carrier signal when it has been load modulated by another RF communication device.

Abstract: The invention relates to the establishment of a radio link using at least two spatial modes (in other words at least horizontal and vertical or right and left circular modes) by means of corresponding antennae or a line link using at least three conductors and the use of at least one transmission oscillator and no oscillator on the reception side, wherein the transmitter has amplitude and/or phase and/or frequency modulation and the at least two different polarized modes are received by means of at least two antennae and processed by one or more multipliers, mixers, phase comparators, frequency comparators, or power detectors.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments include a frequency modulation (FM) transmitter and a non-FM receiver, which may be implemented on the same IC chip. The FM transmitter may include a digital FM modulator, a lowpass filter, an amplifier, and an LC tank circuit. The digital FM modulator may receive a digital input signal, perform FM modulation with the digital input signal, and provide a digital FM signal. The lowpass filter may filter the digital FM signal and provide a filtered FM signal. The amplifier may amplify the filtered FM signal and provide an output FM signal. The LC tank circuit may filter the output FM signal. The digital FM modulator may perform FM modulation by changing a variable divider ratio of a multi-modulus divider within a PLL. A delta-sigma modulator may receive the digital input signal and generate a modulator output signal used to obtain the variable divider ratio.