Abstract: A burner includes a main flange, an oxidant inlet coupled to the main flange, a combustion fuel inlet coupled to the main flange, a nozzle pipe coupled to the main flange, an outer pipe coupled to the main flange, and a diffuser coupled to the nozzle pipe and the outer pipe. The nozzle pipe has an inner volume in fluid communication with the oxidant inlet. The outer pipe is around the nozzle pipe. An annular volume is at least partially defined by the main flange, the nozzle pipe, the outer pipe, and the diffuser. The annular volume is in fluid communication with the combustion fuel inlet. The diffuser may be flat.

Abstract: A system for enhancing performance of a carburetor engine and peripherals of an all-terrain vehicle.

Abstract: A fuel bowl is disclosed. The fuel bowl comprises a body having an interior opposite an exterior, four sides, and a bottom opposite an opening. The opening is configured to be in fluid communication with a carburetor or an adaptor. The fuel bowl also comprises a fuel inlet port disposed in at least one of the four sides and configured to receive a gaseous fuel from a fuel regulator. The gaseous fuel expands and contracts within the body. A carburetor system is also disclosed. The carburetor system comprises a gaseous fuel, a fuel regulator configured to receive and deliver the gaseous fuel, a fuel bowl in fluid communication with the fuel regulator and a carburetor, a final fuel metering restriction disposed in an inlet supply port of a cylinder of the carburetor, and a venturi disposed in the carburetor.

Abstract: High turndown ratio gaseous fuel burner nozzles and the control thereof are provided. High turndown ratio gaseous fuel burner nozzles include a mechanically adjustable nozzle port, such as in the form of an iris port, for expanded turndown control. A nozzle extension longitudinally extending from the mechanical adjustable nozzle port can be included to assist in shaping the flow of combustible gas from the nozzle port. A laminar flow insert can be housed within the nozzle extension to assist in producing laminar flow of the combustible gas flowing therethrough. A burner nozzle controller in control communication with the mechanically adjustable nozzle port can adjust the size of the nozzle port to selectively maintain exit velocity of the gaseous fuel from the nozzle port for one or more of combustion stability and flame stability.

Abstract: A mixture formation device for an internal combustion engine operated with a burnable gas, preferably compressed natural gas CNG, comprises a combination of a quantity regulator, a gas mixer, a flow-guiding element for pressure recovery, and a connection possibility for exhaust gas recirculation of the internal combustion engine. The mixture formation device according to the invention can empty a gas tank to a comparatively low pressure of approx. 2 bar, an excellent mixture formation being achieved over the entire range of speed and load range of the internal combustion engine. According to the invention, such a mixture formation device can reduce production costs as well as space requirements compared to known solutions. An internal combustion engine operated with a burnable gas, particularly compressed natural gas (CNG), may also comprise such a mixture formation device in the intake tract thereof.

Abstract: A portable gas heater includes a heater body, a gas burner mounted on a front panel of the heater body, a gas supply arrangement connected between the gas burner inside the heater body and the gas bottle for providing a gas passage including a safety valve, a control button and a connecting tube, a gas bottle positioning arrangement, and a pilot flame arrangement mounted on the heater body near the gas burner and connected to the safety valve through a gas inlet. The pilot flame arrangement includes a thermocouple, a pilot flame unit, and an electrode rod connected to an ignition wire of the safety valve. The pilot flame unit includes a pilot fire nozzle, a mixing tube and a connector connected with each others. The heater is compact, small and light-weighted while ready for immediate use without assembly and disassembly requirements, thereby convenience for indoor and outdoor use.

Abstract: The present subject matter provides a gas burner assembly for an appliance. The gas burner assembly includes a burner tube and a shutter slidably mounted to an end portion of the burner tube. The shutter defines a slot with an axially extending portion. A boss is mounted to the tubular burner and is received within the slot of the shutter. The boss is movable within the axially extending portion of the slot in order to permit the shutter to slide along an axial direction on the burner tube. Such features can facilitate access to an orifice of the gas burner assembly.

Abstract: A fluid flow control device has an inlet, an outlet and an exhaust port all for an operating fluid. A pilot inlet receives a pilot pressure signal which operates a valve stem actuator via a piston. The valve stem is operable to open a supply valve between the inlet and outlet and, to open an exhaust valve disposed between the outlet and the exhaust. In a further position both the valves are closed. A first fluid leak path is provided between the valve stem and the supply valve for allowing fluid to leak through the supply valve chamber when the supply valve is open and a second fluid leak path is defined by the exhaust valve for allowing fluid to leak through the exhaust valve chamber. The leak paths provide for a force balancing arrangement. A quick exhaust feature allows exhaust flow through the device.

Abstract: Various embodiments include engine carburetors. Various embodiments provide for methods of cylinder manufacturing engines. Various embodiments provide for methods of cylinder manufacturing four-stroke engines. Various embodiments provide for methods of cylinder manufacturing two-stroke engines.

Abstract: A system, method, and apparatus for the creation of parahydrogen and atomic hydrogen, and for mixing of atomic hydrogen with gas for fuel are disclosed.

Abstract: A dual fuel heating system can be used in a gas appliance. The system can have an air shutter to regulate an amount of air that can mix with the fuel for combustion. The air shutter can be configured to have different positions depending on the type of fuel to be used.

Abstract: In a plant having integrated CO2 removal, for pig iron production or synthesizing gas, at least part of the offgas or synthesis gas is discharged as export gas from the plant, optionally collected in an export gas container and subsequently thermally utilized in a gas turbine. The offgas from the gas turbine is fed to a waste heat boiler for generation of steam. To reduce the addition of high-grade fuel gases, at least part of the tailgas from the CO2 removal plant is mixed into the export gas upstream of the gas turbine as a function of the joule value of the export gas after addition of the tailgas. The proportion of tailgas is increased when the joule value of the export gas goes above a predefined maximum joule value and the proportion of tailgas is reduced when the joule value of the export gas drops below a predefined minimum joule value.

Abstract: A method and system for cost effectively converting a feedstock using thermal plasma or other styles of gassifiers, into an energy transfer medium using a blended gaseous fuel. The feedstock can be any organic material or inorganic combination to generate a syngas. The syngas is blended with any fuel of a higher thermal content (BTU) than the syngas. The resulting blended high thermal content fuel is used on site or reinjected into the fuel supply pipe line. Rock wool and accessory heat are produced to increase the efficiency of the plant.

Abstract: The invention relates to a mixing system for inerting a gas volume. A first exhaust gas that is provided by a fuel cell, and a second exhaust gas that is provided by a hydrogen reformer, can be mixed to form an inert gas mixture. The mixture can be fed into the gas volume for inerting.

Abstract: Embodiments of a nozzle reactor of the type useable to inject a first material feed stock and a second material feed stock to cause interaction between the first material feed stock and second material feed stock are described herein. According to some embodiments, the nozzle reactor may crack residual oil produced by other processing units in a refinery process. Furthermore, nozzle reactors may replace traditional processing units of a refinery process, such as cokers, hydrocrackers and deasphalting units.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a reforming apparatus and the like capable of uniformly mixing water (steam) and a raw material together, of preventing the precipitation of carbon without using a temperature controller, and of efficiently heating the water and the mixture by heating gas. Accordingly, the reforming apparatus has the following configuration. The reforming apparatus includes: a first vaporizer (05) that is cylindrically shaped and includes a first flow passage; a second vaporizer (06) that is cylindrically shaped and includes a second flow passage; a duct (027) that connects an outlet of the first flow passage to an inlet of the second flow passage; a raw-material mixing portion (028) formed at a certain point of the duct. The first vaporizer and the second vaporizer are concentrically disposed. An interstice between the first vaporizer and the second vaporizer serves as a heating-gas flow passage (024).

Abstract: Certain embodiments of the invention may include systems, methods, and apparatus for gasification. According to an example embodiment of the invention, an apparatus can include a container operable to facilitate mixing a fuel and at least one gas inside the container. The apparatus can also include an inlet operable to receive the fuel and the at least one gas into the container, wherein an inlet flow path is defined by at least one trajectory of the fuel and the at least one gas entering the container. Further, the apparatus can include an outlet operable to permit a fuel-gas mixture to exit the container, wherein an outlet flow path is defined by an exit trajectory of the fuel-gas mixture exiting the container, wherein the inlet flow path not is aligned with the outlet flow path to facilitate increased operability for at least a portion of the fuel-gas mixture.

Abstract: A process and system for cooling syngas provides effective syngas cooling and results in reduced levels of fouling in syngas cooling equipment. A process for cooling syngas includes blending syngas with cooled recycled syngas in an amount effective for providing a blended syngas with a temperature at an inlet of a syngas cooler of about 600° F. to about 1400° F. The blended syngas changes direction of flow at least once prior to the inlet of the syngas cooler.

Abstract: A mixer (10) for mixing a combustible gas and a combustion supporting gas comprises a tubular mixing section (1) which extends between one end (1a) having a combustible gas supply port (2) and the other end (1b) having a mixed gas discharge port (3); and a combustion supporting gas supply tube (4) which is inserted into the tubular mixing section (1) between the one end (1a) and the other end (1b) of the tubular mixing section (1) and has a combustion supporting gas supply port (5) at its tip (4a) to open towards the other end (1b) of the tubular mixing section (1). A juxta-tip part (4b) of the combustion supporting gas supply tube (4) has an outer shape tapered towards the combustion supporting gas supply port (5) at the tip (4a).

Abstract: A device, system and method of mixing two fluids are described herein. A gaseous first fluid is distributed through a distribution zone to a mixing zone by a bundle of pipes parallel to an axis inside which the first fluid is uniformly distributed. A second fluid is uniformly distributed outside the pipes in the distribution zone. The mixing zone is separated from the distribution zone by a pipe-plate supporting the pipes. The pipe-plate has slits or openings to uniformly discharge the second fluid in an axial flow direction into the mixing zone. The pipes extend beyond the pipe-plate into the mixing zone to partialize an outlet flow of the first fluid. In one aspect, the pipes have different lengths to partialize the outlet flow. In another aspect, a terminal portion of the pipes partializes the outlet flow axially, radially, transversally or a combination thereof in the mixing zone.

Abstract: A method may include preparing a coke slurry, preparing a lignite slurry separate from the coke slurry, and combining the coke slurry with the lignite slurry to form a coke/lignite slurry.

Abstract: A home fuel gas refining system has a modifier for modifying a hydrogen-containing fuel to produce a modified gas. The modifier includes a hydrogen-containing fuel supply mechanism for supplying the hydrogen-containing fuel and a modifying air supply mechanism for supplying modifying air. The hydrogen-containing fuel delivered from the hydrogen-containing fuel supply mechanism and the modifying air delivered from the modifying air supply mechanism are mixed with each other by a modification fuel ejector, and then delivered to a reactor.

Abstract: A monitor for monitoring the concentration of oxygen in a fuel or in an ullage over a fuel comprises (i) a sensing element comprising a luminescent substance comprising a luminophore and a support in which the luminophore is covalently bound to the support, (ii) a light source arranged to irradiate the sensing element with light, and (iii) a photosensor arranged to detect light emitted from the luminescent substance. The luminescent substance may be, for example, a platinum porphyrin covalently bound to silica.

Abstract: A fluid mixing device (1) includes a chamber (3) and a bluff body (4) defining one end of the chamber (3). A first fluid inlet (5) is located toward an opposite end of the chamber (3) from the bluff body (4) and arranged to direct fluid toward the bluff body (4). A region substantially surrounding the bluff body (4) has a flow divider (8) defining second fluid inlet(s) (11) to the chamber (3) and mixed fluid outlets (12) from the chamber (3). A fluid flow from the first fluid inlet (5) and/or from the second fluid inlet (11) establishes a recirculating vortex system (14) within the chamber and results in a mixture of fluids from the first fluid inlet (5) and the second fluid inlet(s) (11) being directed through the mixed fluid outlets (12).

Abstract: A fuel control device for a combustion engine capable of running on any one of a plurality of fuels has a fuel selection module with a plurality of fuel type settings for selecting a specific fuel type whereupon the fuel control device controls the outlet pressure of the chosen fuel to a desired fuel pressure corresponding to the calorific properties of the chosen fuel. The fuel selection module preferably operates a plurality of fuel flow circuits each designated for a specific fuel type, and each having a biased closed inlet valve and a biased closed outlet valve. Located preferably between each inlet and outlet valve is a pressure regulator designated for the specific fuel type and controlling the outlet fuel pressure. The device preferably includes a fuel metering apparatus and a shutoff valve that communicate with, and control in part, fuel flow through the fuel flow circuits.

Abstract: A static mixer includes a plurality of mixing elements disposed parallel to each other and arrayed annularly to define an inner cylindrical space surrounded by these mixing elements. Each mixing element has stationary vanes disposed in a circular passage. A blower supplying the air to the static mixer is entirely or partly accommodated and fixed in the inner cylindrical space of the static mixer. The static mixer and the blower are disposed parallel to each other. The overall length of the fuel mixture generating apparatus can be shortened.

Abstract: A mixture formation means for the reformer of a fuel cell system or for a heater. The fuel feed includes a pressure impulse injection means and the mixture formation area is a swirl chamber having a discharge nozzle connected to the pressure impulse injection device. Also included is a fuel heater for preheating the fuel before injection in order to achieve complete vaporization of the fuel, such as diesel fuel.

Abstract: A thermal mixer reduces the temperature of flue gas supplied to a fabric filter. Two spray dry absorbers are operable to cool flue gas. A housing of the mixer has first and second inlet passages for gas from the absorbers, an outlet passage for gas to the fabric filter, and a mixing passage. A set of damper vanes extends in the mixing passage and has a mixing position for mixing the flue gases from the inlet passages to supply mixed gas to the outlet passage at relatively high pressure drop but lower temperature if one of the absorbers in not operating. They have a non-mixing position for passage of gases without mixing and at low pressure drop when both absorbers are operating. The invention can also be used to improve mixing of combined gas streams initially having different chemical compositions or amounts of particle loading.

Abstract: A thermal mixer reduces the temperature of flue gas supplied to a fabric filter. Two spray dry absorbers are operable to cool flue gas. A housing of the mixer has first and second inlet passages for gas from the absorbers, an outlet passage for gas to the fabric filter, and a mixing passage. A set of damper vanes extends in the mixing passage and has a mixing position for mixing the flue gases from the inlet passages to supply mixed gas to the outlet passage at relatively high pressure drop but lower temperature if one of the absorbers in not operating. They have a non-mixing position for passage of gases without mixing and at low pressure drop when both absorbers are operating. The invention can also be used to improve mixing of combined gas streams initially having different chemical compositions or amounts of particle loading.

Abstract: A small apparatus for the production of mixtures of LPG vapor and air, also called synthetic natural gas, with properties that allow these mixtures to be used in place of natural gas in mostly temporary installations for residential and industrial or commercial installations. The entire apparatus is designed to produce synthetic natural gas without permanent presence of operating personnel. Noise, typically associated with the operation of venturi-type vapor/air mixing devices, is suppressed by a combination of an air-intake filter and a noise-reducing device to a level that make the apparatus suitable for installations close to residential developments. A second vapor/air mixing apparatus, identical to the main system, is installed on the same support frame, acting as a backup device for the main system in situations of equipment malfunctions or temporary system overload. Equipment malfunctions are reported to centralized monitoring stations by means of a telephone-based signaling device.

Abstract: An evaporator device for generating a hydrocarbon-air mixture which can be decomposed in a reformer for producing hydrogen comprises a burner/evaporator area, which has a combustion/mixing chamber (14), into which air enters via an inlet opening device (16), a hydrocarbon evaporating means (24, 34), comprising a porous evaporator medium (24) and, associated with same, a first heating means (34) and a glow-type igniting member (28) for igniting the hydrocarbon-air mixture present in the combustion/mixing chamber (14).

Abstract: A reformer (5) which generates hydrogen-rich reformate gas by causing a catalytic reaction of fuel and air comprises a premixing chamber (12) for premixing the fuel with the air. High temperature air is supplied to the premixing chamber (12) from an air intake tube (13) via an orifice (14). A fuel injector (16) injects the fuel into the flow of the high temperature air in the premixing chamber (12) to generate fuel-air mixture. A homogenizing filter (17) homogenizes the composition of the fuel-air mixture in the premixing chamber (12) and supplies a uniform fuel-air mixture to a reforming catalyst (11).

Abstract: A fuel gas-steam reformer assembly, preferably an autothermal reformer assembly, for use in a fuel cell power plant, includes a mixing station for intermixing a relatively high molecular weight fuel and an air-steam stream so as to form a homogeneous fuel-air-steam mixture for admission into a catalyst bed. The catalyst bed can include catalyzed alumina pellets, or a monolith such as a foam or honeycomb body which is preferably formed from a high temperature material such as a steel alloy, or from a ceramic material. The air-steam stream is fed into a manifold in the mixing station. The mixing station also comprises a plurality of tubes which open into the catalyst bed, and which pass through the manifold. The tubes extend through the manifold and include tangential openings which interconnect the interior of the tubes with the manifold. The openings have axes which are tangential to the circumference of each of the tubes.

Abstract: A fuel reforming apparatus includes a vaporizing device, a vapor mixing device and a reforming device. The vaporizing device produces a vapor by vaporizing at least a portion of a first one of a hydrocarbon fuel and water, without mixing with a second one of the hydrocarbon fuel and the water, so as to produce a vapor gas containing the vapor and air. The vapor mixing device receives the vapor gas from the vaporizing device, and creates a vapor mixture by spraying at least a portion of at least one of the hydrocarbon fuel and the water, which was not vaporized by the vaporizing device, toward the supplied vapor gas. Thr reforming device receives the vapor mixture from the vapor mixing device and reforms the hydrocarbon fuel to a reformate gas containing hydrogen.