Abstract: To provide a process for safely producing a perfluoroacyl peroxide with good productivity. By supplying a perfluoroacyl halide-containing organic solvent solution, an aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide or a metal peroxide, and an aqueous basic alkali metal compound solution to a tubular reactor to allow them to react with one another, in a flow rate ratio of, as represented by molar ratio of the compounds in the solutions, from 1.00 to 1.35 of the basic alkali metal compound and from 0.60 to 40 of hydrogen peroxide or the metal peroxide per 1 of the perfluoroacyl halide, the yield of a perfluoroacyl peroxide based on the material perfluoroacyl halide can be remarkably improved as compared with conventional technique.

Abstract: Agents of formula: where R1 and R2 vary independently and are acyl, sulfonyl, phosphoryl, alkyl, substituted alkyl, halogen, aryl, arylalkyl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycle, or heteroatoms; and R3 is H or a member of a ring structure which includes R2, are provided; as are agents of formula: where R1, R2 and R3 vary independently and: R1=OH, OR?, NHR?, NR?R? (with R? R?=alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, etc); R2=acyl, alkyl, aryl, sulfonyl, etc; R3=alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, etc; and R4 and R5 are (independently) H, methyl or alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, etc. Methods of using the agents to treat e.g. cardiovascular disease, stroke, shock, injuries caused by hypoxia, male erectile dysfunction, and Alzheimer's are provided.

Abstract: To provide a process for safely producing a perfluoroacyl peroxide with good productivity. By supplying a perfluoroacyl halide-containing organic solvent solution, an aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide or a metal peroxide, and an aqueous basic alkali metal compound solution to a tubular reactor to allow them to react with one another, in a flow rate ratio of, as represented by molar ratio of the compounds in the solutions, from 1.00 to 1.35 of the basic alkali metal compound and from 0.60 to 40 of hydrogen peroxide or the metal peroxide per 1 of the perfluoroacyl halide, the yield of a perfluoroacyl peroxide based on the material perfluoroacyl halide can be remarkably improved as compared with conventional technique.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing acyl peroxides. According to the method, an acyl compound is reacted with an organic hydroperoxide and a base, to generate a two-phase mixture. The pH of the two-phase mixture is adjusted to 6 to 13. The obtained organic phase is extracted with an aqueous solution of a base and the aqueous extract is recirculated to the reaction step. The method according to the invention allows the recirculation of unreacted hydroperoxide to the reaction step.

Abstract: The present application relates to a method for manufacturing tert-butyl hydroperoxide that includes the following steps: a) fermenting renewable raw materials and optionally purifying the same to produce a mixture containing at least butanol; b) dehydrating the butanol into butane; c) converting the butane into isobutene and optionally hydrating the isobutene to produce tert-butanol; d) reacting the product of step c) with hydrogen peroxide so as to produce tert-butyl hydroperoxide; and e) isolating the tert-butyl hydroperoxide. The invention also relates to tert-butyl hydroperoxide containing carbon atoms from renewable resources, to the compositions containing said tert-butyl hydroperoxide, and also relates to the use thereof as a polymerization initiator.

Abstract: This application refers to Organic Peroxides of the Dialcyl, Perester, Perketal, and Dialkyl classes, which were modified to resist to oxygen, destined to be used in the process of production of Power Wires and Cables, Shapes, flocculated, compact and spongeous, used for the assembly of sealing of doors, trunks and windows in the automobile industry and civil construction, and also in the process of continuous vulcanization in hot air tunnel, in presence of oxygen, with the application of modified Organic Peroxides.

Abstract: There are provided methods of inhibiting growth and metastasis of melanoma, methods of sensitizing melanoma cells to apoptosis, and methods of treating a subject having melanoma using acetyl isogambogic acid, celastrol, or a derivative thereof. There are further provided derivatives of celastrol and compositions comprising acetyl isogambogic acid, celastrol, or a derivative thereof.

Abstract: Thiocarbonate compounds which, in one embodiment, are utilized as a rheology modifier or associative thickener. The thiocarbonate compounds thicken or increase the viscosity of a composition, preferably an aqueous composition when used in an effective amount. In one preferred embodiment, the thiocarbonate compounds include at least one hydrophilic group containing repeat unit such as derived from acrylic acid, and at least one hydrophobic group to enhance association with other compounds and thus increase viscosity of a composition. Aqueous composition comprising a latex and thiocarbonate associative thickeners are described.

Abstract: The invention relates to peroxides derivable from The invention further relates to the process to make these peroxides as well as to their use in polymerization, curing, and modification reactions.

Abstract: The invention relates to peroxides derivable from 1

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of a peracid, perester or diacylperoxide and is characterized in that a mixed anhydride of formula R1[C(O)OC(O)OR2]n or [R3C(O)OC(O)O]pR4 is contacted with a hydroperoxide of formula R5[OOH]m in the presence of a base, wherein R1 represents a mono-, di-, tri- or tetravalent C1-C19 hydrocarbon group, optionally containing one or more hetero atoms, n is 1-4, R2 represents a C1-C20 hydrocarbon group, optionally containing one or more hetero atoms, R3 represents a C1-C19 hydrocarbon group, optionally containing one or more hetero atoms, R4 represents a di-, tri- or tetravalent C1-C20 hydrocarbon group, optionally containing one or more hetero atoms, p is 2-4, R5 represents hydrogen or a mono- or divalent C3-C18 tertiary alkyl or C2-C20 acyl group, in which the tertiary alkyl or acyl group may optionally contain one or more hetero atoms, m is 1 or 2, and if R5 represents hydrogen, m is 1, provided that if the hydroperoxide is an &

Abstract: In a fluorosilicone rubber composition comprising (A) an organopolysiloxane having trifluoropropyl and (B) a silica filler, there are included (C) an organic peroxide of percarbonate type as a crosslinking agent and (D) a compound having a molecular weight of up to 10,000 and bearing in a molecule at least two substituents selected from among allyl, acryloyl, methacryloyl, epoxy and alkoxy groups as a co-crosslinking agent, whereby the vulcanization molding time is substantially reduced without detracting from physical properties.

Abstract: The invention relates to curing process wherein specific unsaturated diacyl-peroxides and/or unsaturated acylperoxycarbonates are used. These peroxides were found to be pre-eminently suited to the curing of silicone rubbers and polyester resins. Their use does not lead to blooming, bad smell and/or discoloration of the cured product, while allowing low residual monomer levels to be obtained at processing temperatures below the temperature used in conventional processes wherein peroxyesters are used.

Abstract: This invention is an improved process for the selective oxidation of lower alkane starting materials (such as methane) into esters and, optionally, into various derivatives (such as methanol) in oxidizing acidic media using a stable platinum group metal ligand catalyst complex at elevated temperatures and to a class of novel platinum group metal ligand complexes employed bidiazine ligands, which are sufficiently stable in the oxidizing acidic media at elevated temperatures to be effective catalysts in the alkane conversion reaction.

Abstract: Methods of preparing bis-protected guanidino groups of formula (IX) comprising the steps of reacting a compound of formula (VIII) with an amine, wherein R′ is a thiopseudourea protecting group. Guanidino (IX) may then be used to add a guanidino functionality to other compounds, in particular those with a reactive hydroxyl group to give a protected functional group —NH—C(NH)—NH—CO—O—(CR5R6)N—CR3R4—Y—R2.

Abstract: Process for the production of an aqueous monoester peroxycarboxylic acid solution by reaction of a peroxygen compound with at least one dicarboxylic acid and with at least one alcohol optionally in the presence of an acid catalyst. Aqueous monoester peroxycarboxylic acid solution obtainable by this process. Use of the aqueous monoester peroxycarboxylic acid solution as disinfectant.

Abstract: The new compound t-butylperoxycyclododecyl oxalate is described, as well as a method of preparing it and use of the compound as a polymerization initiator.

Abstract: Provided is a photopolymerization initiator which has a high sensitivity and is inexpensive and which does not cause precipitation of crystals when kept in cold storage after diluted and dissolved in an organic solvent.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of a tertiary perester by contacting an acyl compound with a tertiary hydroperoxide in the presence of an enzyme catalyst. The acyl compound has the formula R1[C(O)OR2]n, wherein R1 is a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated C1-C22 group, optionally containing one or more hetero atoms, R2 represents hydrogen or has the same meaning as described for R1, and n is 1-5, or a polyalcohol ester of R1C(O)OH, wherein R1 has the same meaning as described above. The tertiary hydroperoxide has the formula [HOOCR3R3]mR4, wherein R3 represents either a methyl or an ethyl group, R4 has the same meaning as described for R1, and m is 1-5.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a class of compounds that are made by neutralizing the amino group in an amphoteric surfactant with the carboxylic acid group. The complex has (a) lower irritation, (b) better foaming properties and (c) improved substantivity to a variety of substrates.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel 2-aryl-3-hydroxy-&Dgr;2-cyclopentene-1-one derivatives of the formula (I) in which A, B, D1, D2, G, W, X, Y and Z are each as defined in the description, to processes for their preparation and to their use as herbicides and pesticides.

Abstract: A method of using a compound of formula (I) wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, X and n have any of the meanings defined in the specification, to antagonize glutamate binding, or to treat glutamate-related disorders is provided. Novel compounds, intermediates and pharmaceutical compositions are also provided.

Abstract: This invention relates to cycloalkylcarboxanilides of the formula ##STR1## which are used to combat pests.

Abstract: A cure-accelerator for an epoxy resin, which comprises a compound of the formula (I),R.sub.1 R.sub.2 NCONH--Ar--NECONR.sub.3 R.sub.4 (I)wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 lower alkyl groups which may be the same or different, and Ar is a substituted tolylene group of the formula (II) ##STR1## (wherein R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 are C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 lower alkyl groups which may be the same or different) or a 1,5-naphthylene group.

Abstract: The present invention discloses polycarbodiimides containing two terminal hydrophilic groups, which differ from conventional polycarbodiimde crosslinkers that contain a hydrophilic portion on one side and a hydrophobic portion on the other. The polycarbodiimides have superior hydrophilic properties and crosslinking properties as well. A method for producing such polycarbodiimides is also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel 2-aryl-3-hydroxy-cyclopent-2-en-1-one derivatives of the formula (I) ##STR1## in which X represents halogen, nitro, cyano, alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyloxy, alkylthio, alkylsulphinyl, alkylsulphonyl, halogenoalkyl or halogenoalkoxy,Y represents hydrogen, halogen, nitro, cyano, alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyloxy, alkylthio, alkylsulphinyl, alkylsulphonyl, halogenoalkyl or halogenoalkoxy,Z represents halogen, nitro, cyano, alkyl, alkoxy or halogenoalkoxy andA, B, D.sup.1, D.sup.2, G and n have the meaning given in the description,several processes for their preparation and their use as compositions for controlling pests and as herbicides.

Abstract: A novel bis(mono- or diperoxyoxalate) composition of Structure A, ##STR1## and use of the novel bis(mono- or diperoxyoxalate) composition as an initiators for curing of unsaturated polyester resins and for polymerizing ethylenically unsaturated monomers are disclosed.

Abstract: Sulfonylalkanoylamino hydroxyethylamino sulfonyl urea derivative compounds are effective as retroviral protease inhibitors, and in particular as inhibitors of HIV protease.In accordance with the present invention, compounds of Formula (I) are disclosed ##STR1## wherein the substituents are as defined in the specification.

Abstract: A cure-accelerator for an epoxy resin, which comprises a compound of the formula (I),R.sub.1 R.sub.2 NCONH--Ar--NHCONR.sub.3 R.sub.4 (I)wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 lower alkyl groups which may be the same or different, and Ar is a substituted tolylene group of the formula (II) ##STR1## wherein R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 are C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 lower alkyl groups which may be the same or different) or a 1,5-naphthylene group.

Abstract: Novel functionalized peroxides which may be used as crosslinking, grafting and curing agents, initiators for polymerization reactions and as monomers for condensation polymerizations to form peroxy-containing polymers, which in turn can be used to prepare block and graft copolymers, have the following Formula I: ##STR1## R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7, X, Y.sup.1, Y.sup.2, Y.sup.3, Z.sup.1, Z.sup.2, x, y and z are as defined in the Summary of the Invention.

Abstract: Polysulfide compounds and vulcanization compositions containing the polysulfide compounds, for use in vulcanizing rubbers, are disclosed, with the polysulfide compounds being of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 -R.sup.4 are each, independently, hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl and n is 2 to 10wherein the polysulfide compounds can be used alone or in a vulcanization composition containing the polysulfide compound, sulfur, one or more additional accelerators, one or more basic compounds and, optionally, conventional rubber additives, to provide vulcanized products with improved reversion stability and ageing stability.

Abstract: Oligomeric thiocarbonates such as hexathiodicarbonate salts and thioesters are used as pesticides and preservatives. Certain oligomeric thiocarbonate salts, notably quaternary ammonium hexathiodicarbonates, are prepared. The compounds are stabilized with added base and/or sulfide.

Abstract: Peroxy perfluoropolyoxyalkylenes are prepared with high yields by carrying out the photo-oxidation of tetrafluoroethylene with molecular oxygen, by means of ultraviolet radiations, operating in the presence of pentafluorochloroethane as a solvent for tetrafluoroethylene.Thus, it is possible to obtain peroxy perfluoropolyoxyalkylenes having a viscosity at 20.degree. C. ranging from 300,000 to 8,000,000 cSt and endowed with a peroxide content not higher than 4.Such perfluoropolyoxyalkylenes provide, through chemical reduction, perfluoropolyoxyalkylenes endowed with a functionality higher than 1.9 and at the same time with a high molecular weight.

Abstract: This invention is a process for converting lower alkanes into their corresponding esters and optionally into various intermediates (such as alcohols) and other liquid hydrocarbons. The alkanes are oxidatively converted to oxy-esters at high selectivity and conversion and at practical reaction rates using at least catalytic amounts of certain class "B" metals and/or metal ions defined by the Pearson definition as "soft" or "borderline". Desirable catalysts comprise such metals as Pd, Tl, Pt, Hg, and Au. If so desired, the alkyl oxy-esters may be converted to alcohols or other intermediates such as alkyl halides. The oxy-esters, alcohols, and other intermediates may optionally be converted to liquid hydrocarbons such as gasoline.

Abstract: Novel hydroxy peroxides of the Structure AHO--R.sub.11 --X--OO--R (A)[wherein R--, --R.sub.11 -- and --X-- are as defined in the Summary of the Invention Section], having 10 hour half-life temperatures of 85.degree.-100.degree. C., the processes for their preparation, and the use of these novel compositions in curing of unsaturated polyester resins and in initiating polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers.

Abstract: Oligomeric thiocarbonates such as hexathiodicarbonate salts and thioesters are used as pesticides and preservatives. Certain oligomeric thiocarbonate salts, notably quaternary ammonium hexathiodicarbonates, are prepared. The compounds are stabilized with added base and/or sulfide.

Abstract: An ester type polymeric peroxide; has a peroxide group of the formula (I): ##STR1## a group of the formula (I') ##STR2## a group of the formula (II) ##STR3## wherein X stands for one member selected from the group consisting of --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --, --C.tbd.C-- and ##STR4## continuously bound such that I and I' occur randomly in alternation with II, having a (I):(I') molar ratio in the range of from 9:1 to 1:9 and the [(I)+(I')]:(II) molar ratio in the range of from 6:4 to 4:6, and having an average molecular weight in the range of from 1,000 to 20,000, a polymerization initiator for vinyl type monomer comprising said ester type polymeric peroxide and method for the production of a block copolymer of vinyl type monomer by said polymerization initiator.

Abstract: Amino-derivative (poly)peroxycarboxylic acids which have the formula: ##STR1## wherein the symbols have the following meanings: R, R.sub.1, and R.sub.2, which may be equal to or different from one another, represent hydrogen atoms, alkyl groups or groups selected from R, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, which taken together with the nitrogen atom to which they are linked, give rise to an aliphatic heterocyclic group, all of them being optionally substituted;A represents a (cyclo) alkylene group, an arylene group which may also be condensed with cycloaliphatic groups, a cycloalkylene-alkylene or an alkylene-cycloalkylene group, an arylene-alkylene or an alkylene-arylene group, which may be condensed with cyclo-aliphatic groups wherein said alkylene group may also be interrupted by --CONR.sub.3 groups, wherein R.sub.3 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl or aryl group;X.sup.- represents HSO.sub.4.sup.- or CH.sub.3 SO.sub.3.sup.- ; a process for their preparation; and their use as bleaching agents.

Abstract: Polysulfide derivatives having the general formula (A--S--S--).sub.2 X--S--S--A, processes for their production and their use for crosslinking of reversion-stable rubber vulcanizates are provided. Crosslinking with reduced reversion and loss of elastomeric properties with age is achieved by the crosslinking system provided by the invention.

Abstract: This invention is a process for converting lower alkanes into their corresponding esters and optionally into various intermediates (such as methanol) and other liquid hydrocarbons. The alkanes are oxidatively converted to oxy-esters at high selectivity using catalytic amounts of a Group VIII noble metal. If so desired, the alkyl oxy-esters may be converted to alcohols or other intermediates such as alkyl halides. The oxy-esters, alcohols, and other intermediates may optionally be converted to liquid hydrocarbons such as gasoline.

Abstract: A process for preparing perpropionic acid solution comprising reacting propionic acid with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of a boric acid catalyst wherein the reaction is carried out by using an ethyl propionate as a reaction solvent, and water in the reaction solution is removed continuously by azeotropic distillation with the reaction solvent. Since the reaction is carried out while the concentration of the peroxide in an aqueous phase separated from the distillate by the azeotropic distillation is maintained at not more than 0.1% by weight, a perpropionic acid solution containing almost no unreacted hydrogen peroxide can be prepared.

Abstract: The peroxides which include the O.sup.17 isotope, especially the hydrogen peroxides and peroxides and hydroperoxides prepared therefrom, are well adapted as nonradioactive labeled compounds for use in the medicinal and biological arts.

Abstract: A 1-cyclohexyl-1-methylethyl peroxy ester, a novel compound, represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 stands for one member selected from the group consisting of H and alkyl groups and R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 independently stand for an alkyl group, provided that R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 each stand for an alkyl group of 1 to 5 carbon atoms and the sum of the carbon atoms of R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 is in the range of from 2 to 6 where R.sup.1 is H and R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 each stand for an alkyl group of 1 to 9 carbon atoms and the sum of the carbon atoms of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 is in the range of from 3 to 11 where R.sup.1 is an alkyl group, a polymerization initiator for a vinyl group-containing compound monomer and a curing agent for an unsaturated polyester resin, which polymerization initiator and curing agent both contain as an active component thereof the ester mentioned above.

Abstract: Multifunctional cyclobutarene peroxide polymerization initiators comprising at least one cyclobutarene moiety linked through the aromatic ring to at least one peroxide containing group which catalyze free radical polymerizations, as well as participate in cyclobutarene initiated ring opening polymerizations. The cyclobutarene peroxides of this invention are useful for the production of cross-linked, branched and graft polymeric compositions.

Abstract: A novel peroxy ester represented by the general formula (I): ##STR1## is useful as a polymerization initiator for vinyl chloride monomer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel antioxidant-peroxide compound of Structure A,(Y--[R--OO--X).sub.x --An].sub.y Ain which the definitions of X, Y, R, An, x, and y are given in the Summary of the Invention section, for example, t-butyl peroxy-3-(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxypheneyl) propionate, processes for producing polymeric composition of enhanced oxidative stability via initiation of polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers, curing of elastomers and unsaturated polyester resins, modification of polypropylene and other polymers and copolymers, and crosslinking of olefin polymers and copolymers, and the resulting polymers having enhanced oxidative stability.

Abstract: A polymeric peroxy ester, which consists of a structural unit represented by the formula (I): ##STR1## and a structural unit represented by the general formula (II): ##STR2## wherein R represents --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --, --C.tbd.C-- or ##STR3## and had an average molecular weight or 1,000-15,000, said structural units (I) and (II) being bonded alternately in a molar ratio within the range of from 6:4 to 4:6, has a 10-hour half-life period temperature of 70.degree.-85.degree. C. and a high activity at relatively high temperature, is safe in the production and handling, is adapted to be used as a polymerization initiator in the polymerization of vinyl monomer, and can produce a vinyl polymer having a high molecular weight.

Abstract: Disclosed is a peroxide monomer having the formula;CH.sub.2 .dbd.CR--A--OO--B (I)wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, A represents --NH--CO--, --CO--NH--CO--, or --CO--O--CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --NH--CO--, and B represents a moiety which has excluded the group (--OOH) from a hydroperoxide and a preparation thereof. The present invention also provides a polymer whose a main chain composed of carbon-carbon bonds is bonded with a pendant peroxide group represented by the formula;--A--OO--B (II)wherein A and B is the same as mentioned above, the content of the pendant peroxide group being 0.1 to 99.9% by weight and a molecular weight of said polymer being 1,000 to 100,000; and a preparation thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for metathesizing an olefin having at least one terminal functional group which comprises contacting said olefin at metathesis conditions with a catalyst comprising: (a) a transition metal selected from tungsten, molybdenum and rhenium, (b) an organometallic compound based on an element selected from aluminum, tin, lead, magnesium and titanium, and (c) an oxophilic agent having a metal-oxygen bond strength greater than the metal-oxygen bond strength of said transition metal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing linear alpha, omega difunctional molecules by a process which comprises isomerizing olefins having at least one terminal functional group to form a mixture of functionalized olefinic isomers and metathesizing said functionalized olefinic isomers to produce a mixture of difunctional molecules and internal olefins.