Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrically conductive textile yarn for production of protective garments, comprising a first element which is made electrically conductive by means of a layer of silver, and a second element which is different from the said first element, and is provided with good resistance to fire; the first element can be in the form of filaments or fibers. The present invention also relates to a garment produced by means of a yarn of this type and to a method for production of the yarn itself.

Abstract: There is provided a conductive fiber containing a conductive substance, and having stable conductive performance with a small variation in its conductive performance. A conductive fiber contains carbon black as a main conductive component in a fiber-forming polymer, wherein the carbon black is composed of a mixture of at least two kinds of the following carbon blacks (A) and (B), which is obtained by mixing them at an A/B ratio (by weight) of 90/10 to 10/90: (A) a conductive carbon black having an average particle size of 20 to 70 nm and an oil absorption defined in JIS K 5101 of 100 to 600 ml/100g; and (B) a conductive carbon black in which the average article size ratio thereof to said conductive carbon black (A) is from 1.1 to 3, and the oil absorption ratio thereof to said conductive carbon black (A) is from 0.9 to 0.2.

Abstract: There is provided an electrically conductive bracelet including an electrically conductive clasp member that is connectable to an electrical ground. A conductive metal band is connected to the clasp member to define a bracelet inner diameter. The conductive metal band includes a plurality of bar members. Each bar member includes a bar inner surface and a bar outer surface. The plurality of bar inner surfaces collectively define a band inner periphery and the plurality of bar outer surfaces collectively define a band outer periphery. The band inner periphery is positionable on a user to electrically connect the conductive metal band to the user. The band inner periphery is disposed between the band outer periphery and the user when the conductive metal band is disposed on the user. An electrically insulating cover is disposed over the band outer periphery for electrically insulating the band outer periphery.

Abstract: A thermoplastic polyether polyurethane having high moisture vapor transmission, high melting point and static dissipative properties is disclosed. The thermoplastic polyether polyurethane is prepared by reacting a hydroxyl terminated polyether intermediate, an aromatic chain extender glycol, and a polyisocyanate. The polymers formed are useful for melt-spun fibers, fabric coatings for breathable garments, house wrap, roofing membranes, and other applications requiring high vapor transmission and high melting points.

Abstract: Grounding straps for removing static electricity from the wearer. More particularly, the straps have a conductive interior and an anti-static or static dissipative exterior. The anti-static exterior has an electrical resistance of between 106 and 1012 ohms which will not create static electricity when rubbed and will not wear off with use.

Abstract: The present invention relates to conducting yarn. The conducting yarn of the invention mainly consists of a strand of nonconductive yarn crossedly wrapped with two stainless steel threads. The yarn made in this way has better softness, high impact strength, and good conducting properties, and is especially adaptable for use in fencing jackets.

Abstract: A small diameter ionizing cord for use in an apparatus through which insulative material flows or is propelled. The ionizing cord has an outer surface and includes three or more strands of electrically non-conductive fibers braided to form a smooth cord having an effective diameter of about 0.5-6 mm. At least one of the strands is a static control strand including a multiplicity of electrically conductive microfibers being in electrically conductive communication with one another along the length of the strand. The microfibers are selected to provide a multiplicity of ionizing points disposed along the length of the cord and exposed at or extending minimally above the outer surface such that, when the strand is electrically grounded or electrically charged, air between the ionizing points and the material passing the outer surface is sufficiently ionized to remove static charge from the material or to attract or repel the material to or from the apparatus surface.

Abstract: A yarn for making an electromagnetic shield fabric includes at least one textile thread containing metallic fibers and other fibers which particularly but not exclusively may be man-made fibers. The predominant portion of the metallic fibers or the entire content of metallic fibers is arranged in the inner cross-sectional area of the textile thread. The outer cross-sectional area of the textile thread sheathing the inner cross-sectional area is made predominantly or exclusively of fibers well tolerated by the skin, particularly natural fibers and/or man-made fibers. The yarn which may consist of said textile thread itself or which may be a twisted yarn produced using one or several of such textile threads may be processed into fabrics, warp-knitted fabrics or knittings serving to shield electromagnetic radiation and which are physiologically well tolerated and have good further processing properties as well as are easy to clean.

Abstract: Antistatic agents and their use in processing textiles or formed plastic substrates. The antistatic agent comprises a compound having a fluorocarbon moiety and an ethoxylated quaternary ammonium moiety. The antistatic composition increases the electrolytic conductivity of textile or plastic materials treated therewith, thereby increasing the rate of electrostatic charge dissipation thereof. The coatings remain effective after exposure of the treated substrate to an aqueous environment.

Abstract: Antistatic agents and their use in natural or synthetic textiles or formed plastic substrates to enhance the surface resistivity thereof. The antistatic agent comprises a mixture of polyoxyalkylamine derivatives comprising a fluoro-acid moiety, a fatty acid moiety and a quaternary ammonium moiety. The coatings remain effective after exposure of the treated substrate to an aqueous environment and to elevated temperatures.

Abstract: Antistatic agents and their use in processing textiles or formed plastic substrates. The antistatic agent comprises a compound having a fluorocarbon moiety and an ethoxylated quaternary ammonium moiety. The antistatic composition increases the electrolytic conductivity of treated textile or plastic materials, thereby increasing the rate of electrostatic charge dissipation thereof. The antistatic agents remain effective after exposure of the treated substrate to an aqueous environment.

Abstract: Process for applying an antistatic finish to synthetic fibers comprising of steps ofapplying to the fibers to be treated a composition comprising at least one salt of a phosphate partial ester containing a C.sub.12 straight chain alkyl group, a lubricant, and an anionic and/or cationic emulsifier; andautoclaving the treated fibers at a temperature in the range of from about 93.degree. to 150.degree. F.

Abstract: Antistatic agents and their use in processing textiles or formed plastic substrates. The antistatic agent comprises a compound having a fluorocarbon moiety and an ethoxylated quaternary ammonium moiety. The antistatic composition increases the electrolytic conductivity of treated textile or plastic materials, thereby increasing the rate of electrostatic charge dissipation thereof. The antistatic agents remain effective after exposure of the treated substrate to an aqueous environment.

Abstract: Spun yarns are made at high speeds of up to 220 meters per minute, using spinning techniques in which air is used to twist the fibers of a three component blend, one component of which consists of staple fibers made from electrically conductive filaments having a denier no greater than 2.5 times the denier of the filaments of the other components.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for forming a yarn having at least one conductive filament wherein the conductive and nonconductive filaments which make up the yarn are simultaneously co-spun. The present process can be performed at spinning speeds of above about 3500 meters per minute to produce a yarn useful in antistatic carpet production.

Abstract: This invention relates to an antistatic mat for a vehicle, and especially relates to an antistatic mat equipped with electric discharge function against generation of static electricity for effectively preventing adhesion of dust and rubbish thereon and secondary disaster caused by electric shock. An antistatic mat according to Claim 1 is characterized in that it includes: pile including conductive fibers containing conductive components partially protruding from the surface of synthetic resin. An antistatic mat according to Claim 2 is characterized in that it includes conductive compound fibers wound around non-conductive fibers forming pile in the manner that each conductive fiber is wound around the periphery of each non-conductive fiber to form a spiral shape. An antistatic mat according to Claim 3 is characterized in that it includes conductive compound fibers mixed to the bundle of non-conductive fibers forming pile.

Abstract: Staple fibers having a crimp frequency in the range of 3 to 6 crimps per centimeter are mae by a process including a co-crimping step in which conductive and nonconductive filaments are crimped together.

Abstract: There is described a composite sheet includes a textile layer containing an electrically conductive fiber with an electric resistance of 10.sup.5 to 10.sup.9 ohms/cm as disposed at spaced intervals not exceeding 30 mm and a semiconductive layer with a surface resistivity of 10.sup.6 to 10.sup.10 ohms as disposed on the reverse side of the textile layer. This composite sheet releases the static electricity of the charged body on mutual contact and is therefore suitable for use as a car upholstery material and particularly as a seat covering material.

Abstract: A system for establishing the manufacturing and/or production history of textile material (1) being produced in strip or sheet form, in which magnetizable data carrier means (4,5) is incorporated in the strip or sheet material during the production thereof; means (8) for magnetically implanting information characteristic of and/or relating to materials used and production and manufacturing conditions prevailing at predetermined operation stations, machines, locations or the like along the route taken by the textile material during the production thereof; and means (9) for reading or otherwise interrogating the magnetizable means or material for the purposes of deriving from said information/data signals utilizable for establishing said manufacturing and/or production history.

Abstract: A fibrous material, such as fiberglass insulation, is treated to minimize the generation of static electricity when subjected to agitation, such as by sawing, chopping, blowing, etc. during manufacturing, handling and/or installation, by applying an anti-static composition onto a mat of the material during the manufacturing process. The anti-static composition preferably is an aqueous solution containing an active anti-static agent including a nonflammable glycol humectant and two water soluble quaternary ammonium compounds, one serving as the primary anti-static ingredient and the other serving as a corrosion inhibitor and stabilizer. The anti-static composition is sprayed onto the surface of the mat as it travels through the cooling zone and the cooling air drawn through the mat causes the anti-static agent to penetrate through substantially the entire thickness of the mat.

Abstract: The invention relates to new polythiophenes containing structural units of the formula ##STR1## in which A denotes an optionally substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkylene radical,their preparation by oxidative polymerization of the corresponding thiophenes and the use of the polythiophenes for imparting antistatic properties on substrates which only conduct electrical current poorly or not at all, in particular on plastic mouldings, and as electrode material for rechargeable batteries.

Abstract: A radio-frequency reflective surface is made of a fabric woven from a yarn having an effective coefficient of thermal expansion of substantially zero over a useful temperature range. The yarn comprises a metallic filament around which non-metallic rovings are wound. The coefficients of thermal expansion of the filament and the roving material are related to each other so that mechanical strain thermally induced in the filament by changes in temperature is counteracted by mechanical strain theremally induced in the rovings. Intermodulation products at yarn intersections of the fabric are substantially zero.

Abstract: A process wherein freshly-spun, undrawn, nonconductive filaments are combined with one or more spin-oriented, conductive filaments having a nonconductive component made from a major portion of nonconductive, fiber-forming polymeric material and a minor amount of polystyrene, the combined fibers being drawn and co-bulked to produce an anti-static yarn. The conductive filaments used in this process have higher elongations to break, and carpets tufted from the yarns of the process show improved anti-static properties.

Abstract: A discharge spout on the bottom wall of a collapsible receptacle has an exterior layer which is grounded during the flow of material through the discharge spout to prevent buildup of static electric charge therein. The discharge spout is made from a metalized fabric having a lower layer of fabric. Secured to the fabric layer is an upper film layer. At least a portion of the exposed surface of the film layer is metalized or laminated with foil.

Abstract: A crocheted fabric is formed of electrically insulating elastic yarn interlocked to a wefting yarn by a warping yarn. The crocheted fabric bears on its one surface which is disposed toward the skin plural strands of conductive yarn. This conductive yarn is interlocked to the crocheted fabric by the warping yarn. It proceeds in a serpentine path along the long axis of the grounding strap. The interior surface of the wrist bracelet bearing this prominent, and visually inspectable, conductive yarn provides reliable electrical contact to the skin. Meanwhile, the outer surface of the grounding strap reliably maintains electrically insulating qualities.

Abstract: A yarn which is a blend of from 98.01% by weight of a conventional textile fiber or filament and from 2 to about 0.09% by weight of a non-linear anti-static carbonaceous filament or fiber.

Abstract: An article for removing static electricity includes a clean room garment to be worn by a person, the garment including a grid of electrical thread throughout for removing and collecting static electricity from the person; a metal snap at a front waist section of the garment; and an electrical coupling thread in electrical contact from cuff to cuff and electrically connected to the snap for collecting static electricity from the grid and for supplying the collected static electricity to the snap for electrical discharge thereat.

Abstract: A conductive yarn includes a continuous non-conductive carrier thread having a relatively low modulus of elasticity; a continuous metal thread; and the carrier thread being wrapped around the metal thread. A process for making such conductive yarn includes the steps of pulling the continuous metal thread off a first package; pulling the continuous carrier thread off a second package; applying a relatively high tension to the carrier thread with respect to the tension on the metal thread as both threads are being pulled off their respective packages; and wrapping the tensioned carrier thread around the pulled metal thread. Apparatus for performing the method is also provided.

Abstract: Thin-metal-wire conjugated yarn excellent in suitability for clothing and having EMI shielding which comprises a core composed of a thin metal wire having a diameter of 50.mu. or less and a chemical or synthetic fiber or natural fiber yarn, and another chemical or synthetic fiber or natural fiber yarn as sheath wound round and coated on said core, characterized in that the coating percentage is 70% or more based on the surface area of the conjugated yarn.

Abstract: A conductive yarn includes a continuous non-conductive carrier thread having a relatively low modulus of elasticity; a continuous metal thread; and the carrier thread being wrapped around the metal thread. A process for making such conductive yarn includes the steps of pulling the continuous metal thread off a first package; pulling the continuous carrier thread off a second package; applying a relatively high tension to the carrier thread with respect to the tension on the metal thread as both threads are being pulled off their respective packages; and wrapping the tensioned carrier thread around the pulled metal thread. Apparatus for performing the method is also provided.

Abstract: A fine heterogeneous hybrid spun yarn is blended from electrostatically conductive staple fibers and electrostatically non-conductive staple fibers so that the yarn is electrostatically conductive only over short discrete lengths. When used in pile fabrics, such as carpets, the fine yarn is introduced with at least some of the carpet facing yarns during the carpet making operations. The resultant carpet structure substantially eliminates electrostatic shock to a human walking across the carpet and approaching a ground such as a light switch, radio, or another person. Such a carpet does not constitute a dangerous floor covering.The unique heterogeneous hybrid spun blended yarn is achieved by process techniques completely contrary to accepted blending practices.

Abstract: An electromagnetic reflection body is disclosed, which comprises a woven fabric made from a blended yarn of metallic filament and organic or inorganic fiber, and a fiber reinforced synthetic resin united therewith in one piece. This reflection body is used for an electromagnetic wave reflector, an electromagnetic interference shielding plate and the like.

Abstract: A stretchable grounding strap for additional reliability in grounding the wearer's body through the use of two or more separate sections of conductive material, each of which is connected to ground by a separate grounding line. Circuitry utilized in connection with the strap senses loss of electrical contact between the strap and ground and provides visual and aural notification that contact is lost as well as visual notification when the strap is grounded. According to one group of embodiments, the strap utilizes a stretchable material having two or more sections of longitudinally oriented electrically conductive fibers on its inner surface. Face yarns on its outer surface may form letters, words, logos or other pleasing or commercially attractive designs. Elastic yarns allow the material to stretch easily and comfortably. According to another group of embodiments, the strap comprises at least two sections of metal links.

Abstract: Antistatic agents for synthetic fibers comprising 5-50 weight percent of a specific type of quaternary ammonium alkyl phosphate containing 1 weight percent or less of by-product alkali metal halides and 50-95 weight percent of alkali metal salt of saturated alkyl phosphate have improved antistatic characteristics both in high and low humidity conditions, reduce the amount of deposits that fall off, yellowing by a heat treatment and generation of rust, and allow good coiling forms to be obtained.

Abstract: This invention relates to suppressing or avoiding the effects of static electricity otherwise accumulated on or in textile goods dried in a tumble drier of the type commonly used in home and commercial laundries and in certain textile finishing processes by including with a batch of goods undergoing drying a re-usable textile fabric having particular qualities. The static dissipating textile fabric contemplated by this invention may be re-used indefinitely while continuing to accomplish the suppression of the undesired effects.

Abstract: Electrically conductive and nonconductive filaments are combined in a quench chimney and then codrawn and cobulked prior to wind-up.

Abstract: An electrostatic dissipating fabric constructed of a woven or knitted base fabric having an integrally woven or knitted grid structure which is raised above the surface of the base fabric thereby resulting in increased electrostatic dissipation performance. The grid is formed from a static discharge yarn plied to a carrier yarn which is then woven or knitted into the fabric in the warp direction, the fill direction or both, thereby producing a fabric which exhibits the rapid yet controlled dissipation of static electricity into the air. Such fabric can be used for anti-static garments, anti-static covering cloths, filtration media and the like.

Abstract: A static dissipative garment configuration for persons employed in the manufacture and testing of sensitive electronic components. The garment is formed from a fabric which exhibits an electrical resistance of less than 10.sup.8 ohms per unit square and a decay time of no greater than 0.05 seconds. The garments also include tapered sleeves, steel snaps and are at least 3/4 length and include side slits extending from the bottom hem upwardly.

Abstract: A woven strap that may be comfortably worn on the wrist to drain or wick static electrical charges from the wearer. Conductive fibers on the inside surface of the strap contact the skin and conduct electrical charges to a grounding cord attached to the strap. Face yarns exposed on the outer surface may be woven to form designs. The woven fabric material of the strap is attached to a clasp allowing the strap to be adjustable in size. Because of the woven nature of the fabric material and the adjustable clasp, the strap is more comfortable than other conductive elastic wrist straps. The woven fabric material is particularly advantageous because it stretches easily, it is inexpensive, and it does not roll over onto itself as it is being drawn over the hand.

Abstract: A directional electrostatic dissipating fabric and method of making such fabric constructed of a woven or knitted base fabric having an integrally woven or knitted grid structure which is raised above only one surface of the base fabric forming a fabric with a raised grid on one side and a smooth or substantially smooth grid on the other side thereby resulting in increased, directional electrostatic dissipation performance from the side having the raised grid. The grid is formed from an electroconductive yarn plied to a carrier yarn which is then integrally woven or knitted into the fabric in the warp direction, the fill direction or both, thereby producing a fabric which exhibits the rapid, yet controlled, directional dissipation of static electricity into the air.

Abstract: This invention relates to an antenna material and more particularly to an antenna material comprising, in its preferred embodiment, a woven mesh of amorphous silica fibers, a conductive metal coating on at least the outer surfaces of the mesh and a lubricant covering and adhering to non-metallized surfaces of the silica fibers.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of making a supported antistatic yarn and products resulting therefrom. The method involves merging a support yarn into contact with a filamentary polymer substrate immediately after the filamentary substrate has had a mix applied thereto. The support yarn is solvent bonded to the polymer substrate due to the characteristics of the mix.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved process for blending together textile like fibers exhibiting a relatively high modulus of elasticity together with textile fibers exhibiting a relatively low modulus of elasticity which blend can further be converted into a high quality blended yarn structure. When the textile fibers exhibiting the relatively high modulus of elasticity are also electrically conductive, such as e.g. metal or carbon fibers, then the resulting yarns and fabrics can be designed with a predetermined level of electrical conductivity.

Abstract: A conductive strap for tethering personnel to electrical ground comprises a stretchable band of an elastomeric non-conductive fabric for resiliently embracing a body member in a closed loop. At least one row of a continuous conductive thread is embroidered to the interior surface of the band by a line of stitching which includes a non-conductive thread component penetrating through the fabric from the outside and interlocking with the interior conductive thread component, preferrably sewn in a zig-zag pattern. The conductive thread is coupled to a clasp for electrical connection to ground through a cable tether.

Abstract: A garment for use in "clean rooms" is made from a tightly-woven, readily-cleanable, non-linting fabric with conductive filaments that provide anti-static properties. The conductive filaments are incorporated into the woven fabric of the garment so portions thereof constitute parts of the exterior of that garment to enable those conductive filaments to rapidly dissipate any charge of static electricity which may tend to develop on the surface of that garment. Those conductive filaments retain their ability to rapidly dissipate charges of static electricity despite repeated launderings of the garment in which they are incorporated.

Abstract: A dryer felt or fabric with a reduced potential for creating static electricity when running on a papermaking machine. The fabric is woven from a number of machine direction and cross-machine direction yarns with selected machine direction and/or cross-machine direction yarns comprising a blend of anti-static yarn combined with other yarns. The anti-static yarn may take the form of a staple, continuous filament or monofilament and may be a carbon content acrylic anti-static fiber, a silver coated nylon continuous filament, a nylon monofilament coated with carbon, or an acrylic fiber carbon coated. After being woven, the fabric is typically resin treated with a heat-resistant resin.

Abstract: A fabric and body strap having both electrically conductive and elastomeric properties. A fabric is formed by interlacing at least one yarn into a series of interlocking loops and preferably knitted. The yarn includes an end having an electrically conductive fiber and an end having an elastomeric fiber. It is preferred that an electrically conductive yarn and an insulative yarn are interlaced together to form a series of interlocking loops. The electrically conductive yarn includes an end having an electrically conductive fiber and the insulative yarn includes an end having an insulative fiber. Either one or both of the electrically conductive fiber and the insulative fiber is plaited with an end having an elastomeric fiber. The electrically conductive yarn and the insulative yarn may be knit together on two levels forming a face and a back with the electrically conductive yarn forming interlocking loops on the face while the insulative yarn forms interlocking loops on both the face and back.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for drawing and blending textile fiber and conductive metal filaments. The method is characterized by feeding at least one bundle of a first textile material through draw rollers of a drawing frame, unwinding at least one roll of a bundle of second material in the form of conductive fibers adjacent the first pair of rollers of the drawing frame, feeding the conductive fiber bundle into the back rollers of the drawing frame simultaneously with the textile material fiber bundle, and guiding the textile material fiber bundle and the conductive fiber bundle relative to each other such that the latter continuously cushions the textile material fiber bundle with respect to the draw rollers when passing therethrough.

Abstract: A hollow polyester fiber with excellent antistatic properties composed of a single polymeric component and having a hollow extending along the longitudinal axis thereof and in which the hollow ratio is at most 15%, which fiber contains (a) a polyoxyalkylene glycol substantially non-reactive with said polyester and (b) an ionic antistatic agent, dispersed through the fiber in an amount of at most 3% by weight based on the weight of the fiber, and wherein the polyoxyalkylene glycol (a) is predominantly dispersed in a core portion of the fiber in a high density. The fiber also has excellent tensile strength, resistance to fibrillation and dyeing properties.

Abstract: A process for the production of a core/mantle yarn, in which a core thread is continuously conducted through a spinning zone in a gap formed between two adjacent and oppositely moving surfaces; staple fibers are fed into the path of the core thread and come into frictional contact with the moving surfaces in said zone to spin the staple fibers about the core thread; the core thread is preferably stretched during the spinning in order to bring about a defined, predetermined elastic stretch of the core thread in the spinning zone; and the core thread has a roughened surface which may be obtained by using a staple fiber yarn or thread obtained by texturizing, weaving, twisting, etc. The invention is especially characterized by an improved adherence of the fibers of the mantle to the core thread by pre-coating the core thread with an adhesive, or preferably by preapplying colloidal silicic acid to the core thread.