Abstract: A defogging device includes a temperature sensor, an infrared sensor, a surface temperature measuring unit, a humidity sensor, a dew point temperature measuring unit, and a fogging/dew condensation determining unit. When the defogging device is instructed to perform measurement, the temperature sensor measures temperature. Additionally, measurement by the infrared sensor is performed, and based on an output of the infrared sensor and an output of the temperature sensor, the surface temperature measuring unit measures glass surface temperature. Measurement by the humidity sensor is performed, and based on an output of the humidity sensor and the output of the temperature sensor, the dew point temperature measuring unit measures dew point temperature. Lastly, the fogging/dew condensation determining unit compares the glass surface temperature with the dew point temperature to determine whether fogging or dew condensation occurs or not.

Abstract: A heat transfer composition includes: (i) trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze(E)); (ii) a second component selected from difluoromethane (R-32), propene (R-1270), propane (R290) and mixtures thereof; (iii) a third component selected from pentafluoroethane (R-125), 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R-34a), and mixtures thereof; and optionally (iv) a fourth component selected from fluoroethane (R-161), 1,1-difluoroethane (R-152a) and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: An air conditioning system for electric vehicles reduces a thermal load endured by the air conditioning system using desiccant-coated heat exchangers and improves energy efficiency using waste heat resulting from cooling of an electronic device when the desiccant-coated heat exchanger is regenerated.

Abstract: The direct air capture (DAC) systems and methods efficiently and economically regenerate a desiccant bed without adding any thermal energy and without requiring any pressurization or depressurization of the desiccant reactors. The methods leverage water concentration differences in stream flows, the water concentration profile across a desiccant bed, and, optionally, exothermic water adsorption. These three elements, working in combination, are referred to as “reverse dry flow regeneration” or a “reverse dry air swing” regeneration process. Systems and methods for reverse flow regeneration include those for CO2 DAC applications, but they are also applicable to point source carbon capture and other similar technologies that require initial gas dehydration before exposure to a hydrophilic material.

Abstract: An air conditioner is provided. The air conditioner includes a heat exchange module, at least one humidity sensor, and a controller. The heat exchange module includes a compressor, a first heat exchanger, an expansion valve, a second heat exchanger, and an absorbent disposed on an outer surface of the first and second heat exchangers. The controller is configured to control to stop a normal operation and perform a drying operation for supplying air to any one of the first and second heat exchangers serving as an evaporator when it is determined that a predetermined drying operation condition is satisfied based on humidity information of air passed through the any one of the first and second heat exchangers serving as the evaporator, during the normal operation in which the any one of the first and second heat exchangers serves as an evaporator and the other serves as a condenser.

Abstract: Methods, software, and apparatuses for accurate and computationally fast and efficient topologic and geometric characterization of porous material or medium, flow characterization of porous material or medium, and porous material or medium design are described.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to a dryer system for drying compressed gas discharged from a compressor. The dryer system includes a refrigeration drying system operable for removing moisture from the compressed gas and a desiccant drying system with a desiccant wheel located in series downstream of the refrigeration drying system operable for removing additional moisture from the compressed gas.

Abstract: An air conditioning apparatus for cooling and/or dehumidifying an interior space, such as the interior of a shelter or tent that provides for simplified manufacturing, simplified inspection and servicing, reduced noise, reduced vibration, reduced weight, increased ruggedness and health monitoring. Structural components of the apparatus are fabricated from foam-filled molded parts with interlocking components, and the unit is assembled and tested without any outside cover, but once the cover is installed, additional structural strength is obtained from the cover. A refrigerant flow sensor along with other sensors are used to determine actual real time cooling capacity measurements and health monitoring.

Abstract: A transport container for transporting temperature-sensitive transport goods comprising a chamber for receiving the transport goods, a casing enclosing the chamber and at least one cooling element for temperature control of the chamber, wherein the cooling element comprises an evaporation element with a cooling surface, a desiccant for receiving coolant evaporated in the evaporation element and a reservoir for the coolant which is fluidly connectable with the evaporation element. Means are provided for evaporating the coolant stored in the desiccant and the desiccant is connected to the reservoir for transporting the vaporized coolant to the reservoir.

Abstract: An air delivery system may include a housing, a first liquid-to-air membrane energy exchanger (LAMEE), and a desiccant storage tank. The housing includes a supply air channel and an exhaust air channel. The first LAMEE may be an exhaust LAMEE disposed within an exhaust air channel of the housing. The exhaust LAMEE is configured to receive the outside air during a desiccant regeneration mode in order to regenerate desiccant within the exhaust LAMEE. The desiccant storage tank is in communication with the exhaust LAMEE. The exhaust LAMEE is configured to store regenerated desiccant within the desiccant storage tank. The regenerated desiccant within the desiccant storage tank is configured to be tapped during a normal operation mode.

Abstract: This disclosure is related to systems, methods, apparatuses, and techniques for generating water using waste heat. In certain embodiments, a system includes a water generating unit and a waste-heat-generating-system. The water generating unit can be configured to generate the water and comprises a desiccation device and a condenser coupled to the desiccation device. The waste-heat-generating-system can generate the waste heat when operating or is use. The water generating unit can be configured to use waste heat generated by the waste-heat-generating-system to generate the water.

Abstract: A refrigerating and freezing device, the refrigerating and freezing device including: a casing, including an inner container, a housing, and a heat preservation layer, wherein a storage space is disposed in the inner container, a storage container is disposed in the storage space, and the storage container has a controlled atmosphere fresh-keeping space therein; and a controlled atmosphere membrane component, configured to allow more oxygen gas in an airflow in a space around the controlled atmosphere membrane component than nitrogen gas in the airflow in the space around the controlled atmosphere membrane component to pass through a controlled atmosphere membrane to enter an oxygen gas-enriched collecting cavity. The storage space is composed of a top cover and a bottom box, a lower surface of the top cover is provided with a concave cavity, and the controlled atmosphere membrane component is disposed in the concave cavity.

Abstract: An ambient water condenser system is described having a condensation chamber which at least partially contains or surrounds a fluid reservoir which contains a volume or mass of an aqueous hygroscopic solution for condensing water from ambient air and a distillation process for extracting the water from the solution. The fluid reservoir has a heat source, a lower porous hydrophobic membrane, and an upper porous hydrophobic membrane. The heat source causes the hygroscopic solution near the top of reservoir to have a higher temperature which causes it to have a higher water vapor pressure, whereby the water vapor passing through the upper porous hydrophobic membrane and into the condensation chamber condenses into liquid water.

Abstract: A system that may include an engine, and a fan configured to vary a measured engine temperature of the engine during operation. A vehicle controller may also be provided having one or more processors that may be configured to determine an ice risk characteristic of the engine, operate the fan to cool the engine based on the ice risk characteristic, and operate the fan to rotate in reverse based on the ice risk characteristic.

Abstract: An integrated utility system, comprising: at least one heat pump which includes a compressor for processing water mist from an evaporator and providing the water mist to a condenser; a thermal reservoir configured to contain water and operatively connected to the condenser; a heat management system configured to receive and process excess heat generated between the thermal reservoir and condenser. The heat management system comprises: a plurality of sensors for measuring water pressure, temperature and flow; at least one control valve for controlling movement of a thermal energy from thermal sources; at least one thermal sink; a thermal storage; a plurality of heat exchangers fluidly connected to the thermal sources, to the at least one thermal sinks, to the thermal reservoir and to a plurality of pumps configured to circulate a heat exchange fluid between the thermal sources, thermal reservoir and the at least one thermal sink.

Abstract: A hydrocarbon recovery method using artificial, fresh rain water is described. The method includes generating artificial, fresh rain water. A volume of the generated artificial, fresh rain water is mixed with a volume of brine water obtained from a brine water source to form a mixture having a water salinity that satisfies a threshold water salinity. The mixture is injected into an injection well formed in a subterranean zone. The injection well is fluidically coupled to a producing well formed in the subterranean zone to produce hydrocarbons residing in the subterranean zone. The mixture flows the hydrocarbons in the subterranean zone surrounding the producing well toward the producing well. The hydrocarbons are produced in response to injecting the mixture in the injection well.

Abstract: In a method of assessing a plurality of water recipes and selecting a water recipe suitable for a user, wherein the water recipe determines the concentration of ions in the water the following steps are performed: determining a plurality of water drinking purposes; assigning a set taste weighting to each of the plurality of water drinking purposes, wherein the set taste weighting indicates the weighting of the taste for selection the most suited water recipe; assigning a set mineralization weighting to each of the plurality of water drinking purposes, wherein the set mineralization weighting indicates the weighting of the mineralization for selection the most suited water recipe; and storing the set taste weighting and the set mineralization weighting for each of the plurality of water drinking purposes in a computer.

Abstract: Provided are a mixed refrigerant that is non-flammable and capable of reducing the greenhouse effect, and the use thereof. The mixed refrigerant comprises the following components in mass fractions: 10%-30% of R134a, 5%-70% of R1234ze(E), and 18%-65% of R1234yf. The mixed refrigerant of the present invention, in fitting combination with the amount ranges of all the components, makes the refrigerant non-flammable, and the ODP thereof is 0, and the GWP thereof is no greater than 400. The mixed refrigerant can be used in a refrigeration system, has no ozone destructive power, reduces the greenhouse effect, has a lower temperature glide, and belongs to ternary azeotropic or nearly azeotropic refrigerants, which is beneficial to the stable operation of a refrigeration system.

Abstract: A humidifier includes a base housing having a receiving cavity and an air outlet, a water tank having a vapor outlet, a vaporizing arrangement having a vaporizer and a fan, and a waterproof arrangement. The waterproof arrangement includes a blocking member movably mounted on the base housing to selectively move between an opened position and a closed position, wherein when the water tank is detached from the base housing, the blocking member is driven to block the air outlet so as to prevent water from passing through the air outlet, wherein when the water tank is attached on the base housing, the blocking member is driven to unblock the air outlet so as to allow air created by the fan to flow through the air outlet.

Abstract: Methods and systems for controlling temperature and humidity within a space in a building. Outdoor air and return air from the space are passed through particular equipment in a particular order. Equipment includes a secondary direct-expansion refrigeration circuit, a recovery wheel, a primary cooling coil or direct-expansion refrigeration circuit, secondary circuit coils, and a dehumidification wheel. Various embodiments include modulating the secondary circuit compressor to adjust reheat capacity at the secondary circuit condenser coil, a geothermal direct-expansion refrigeration circuit, a variable refrigerant flow subsystem, fan coil units, multiple zones, a dedicated outdoor air supply subsystem, an evaporative cooler, supplemental outdoor air, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, supply air passes first through the recovery wheel, then through the primary cooling coil, then through the dehumidification wheel, and then to the space.

Abstract: Air is taken out from a drying oven 1 for drying a coating film of a work piece 2, and the air is cooled such that each of at least part of moisture and at least part of a VOC which are contained in the air is condensed to be removed from the air. The air after the cooling is heated, and is returned into the drying oven 1. A heat pump 3 whose heat absorption source is the air taken out from the drying oven 1 and whose heat radiation source is the air after the cooling is provided. By using the heat pump 3, cooling and heating of the air are performed.

Abstract: In some embodiments, apparatuses and methods are provided herein useful to receiving retail products. In some embodiments, there is provided a system for receiving retail products including: a temperature controlled storage container and comprising: one or more chambers having corresponding chamber temperatures that are each individually maintained and adjustable based on a particular temperature assigned by a server to each of the one or more chambers; one or more temperature sensors; a locking system; and a storage container control circuit configured to: receive the particular temperature; and maintain each one of the corresponding chamber temperatures.

Abstract: Provided are a water and/or alcohol adsorbent including organic-inorganic hybrid nanoporous materials, and use thereof, and more particularly, a water and/or alcohol adsorbent having a high adsorption amount at a low relative humidity or partial pressure, of which desorption/regeneration is possible at a low temperature, the water and/or alcohol adsorbent including organic-inorganic hybrid nanoporous materials having 0.5 to 3 mol of a hydroxyl group (OH) or a hydroxide anion group (OH?) per 1 mol of a central metal ion, and use thereof.

Abstract: A remote heat transfer device for use with an air handling unit comprises: a vapour-compression circuit, the vapour-compression circuit comprising a first heat exchanger adapted to exchange heat between a refrigerant in the vapour compression circuit and a first heat transfer fluid; and a first outlet arranged to provide the first heat transfer fluid to an air supply passage of the air handling unit, so that the first heat transfer fluid exchanges heat with supply air passing through the air supply passage.

Abstract: Provided is an air conditioning system including: a case including a first sub-case including an outdoor air inlet and a discharge outlet, and a second sub-case including an air returning inlet and an air supply inlet; a desiccant rotor module; a heat exchanger including a first sub-heat exchanger and a second sub-heat exchanger, a ventilator including a first sub-ventilator and a second sub-ventilator; and a damper including a first sub-damper and a second sub-damper, wherein the first sub-damper is installed downstream of the first region of the desiccant rotor module, and the second sub-damper is installed downstream of the second region of the desiccant rotor module, wherein the desiccant rotor module and the heat exchanger are integrally assembled so as to be detachably installed in the case, wherein the outdoor air and the indoor air do not mix with each other.

Abstract: In order to efficiently exchange indoor air and outdoor air, to reduce power consumption, and to reduce discomfort to a user, damper, which switches between a heat exchange exhaust air path and a normal ventilation air path, is provided in an exhaust air path. In addition, a discomfort index is calculated from detection results of indoor temperature sensor provided on indoor-side inlet and outdoor temperature sensor provided on outdoor-side inlet. Further, controller, which switches between the heat exchange exhaust air path and the normal ventilation air path so as not to cause discomfort to the user, is provided to control damper.

Abstract: A bypass line is described that is capable of equalizing pressure within an HVAC system. The bypass line can also cause less noise than other solutions. A bypass line under the present disclosure can comprise a line from a high pressure side to a low pressure side of an HVAC system. Valves and orifices can be disposed within the bypass line. The valves and orifices help to slow the speed of fluid from high pressure to low pressure locations, thus reducing noise during pressure equalization.

Abstract: An HVAC system used in a growing room to grow plants, including lighting and other heat producing pieces of equipment, wherein operating parameters are modified over time in response to and anticipation of changes in heat production by the lighting and other heat-producing pieces of equipment and moisture production from the plants and plant growing systems located in or near the growing room. The operating parameters of the system are modified during the growth cycle of the plants to provide environmental conditions appropriate to each phase of the plant growth. Additionally, the system comprises components carrying a load such that energy use can be reduced during times when less than maximum load is required. Algorithms and tables to control airflow, heating, cooling, dehumidification, and chemical composition of the air are included to maximize plant growth. CO2 and other byproducts of heating, cooling, and cogeneration are recycled for use in connection with plant growth.

Abstract: A liquid desiccant system including a high desorber, a low desorber, and an absorber that are in fluid communication with a working solution, where the high desorber provides rejected water vapor from the working fluid for condensation in a condenser of the low desorber that provides heat for rejection of additional water from the working solution in the low desorber effectively multiplying the heat provided for desorption. The low desorber provided the concentrated working solution to the absorber where water from ambient air is condensed into the concentrated working solution to provide a dilute working solution within a working solution conduit of the absorber that is thermally coupled to an internal cooler of the absorber. In some embodiments, the working solution can be an aqueous solution of at least one ionic liquid.

Abstract: A method and system for condensing water for injection into an internal combustion engine to increase the engine's fuel economy and performance while reducing emissions. A volume of ambient air is drawn through an intake valve into a sealable chamber. The intake valve is closed and the ambient air compressed within the sealed sealable chamber and thereafter vented through an exit valve to be contained in a cooling section. The cooling section comprises a port and a cooling device. The cooling device, which in one embodiment comprises a refrigeration unit, cools the ambient air contained within the cooling channel to condense water vapor present in the ambient air into liquid water. The liquid water is drained from the cooling channel through the port and collected in a reservoir. Liquid water from the reservoir is then injected into at least one combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: Disclosed is a climate control system for use with an indoor plant growing environment. The system includes an air supply system and a refrigeration system. The refrigeration system utilizes a reheat coil in parallel with a condenser coil. In the airflow path of the air supply system the reheat coil is positioned downstream of the cooling coil. The method of operating the climate control system relies upon the input of set point values for enthalpy, dry bulb temperature and dew points into a controller. The controller receives data from sensors within the plant growing environment and uses this data to manage the operation of a three-way valve, supply fan speed, and compressor speed in order to maintain the indoor plant growing environment within an accepted range of each of the three set points.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are systems and processes to thermally regenerate and re-concentrate a liquid desiccant (absorbent) with an electrically driven heat pump. The regeneration and re-concentration may be performed in a cost and energy efficient manner.

Abstract: Dehumidification efficiency in an air processing system can be increased by mixing cooled exhaust air with incoming fresh air prior to cooling the incoming air to reduce its moisture content. Cooling the incoming air brings it closer to its dewpoint, allowing a cooling element to use more of its capacity for reducing latent heat than sensible heat.

Abstract: An air-conditioner system includes a vacuum chamber with a mist maker in communication with water to create mist within the vacuum chamber; a vacuum pump to maintain a vacuum within the vacuum chamber; a discharge outlet extending from the vacuum pump to discharge vapor; a nozzle attached to a water source; a circulating pump in fluid communication with the water within the vacuum chamber via an outlet; a cooling coil connected to the circulating pump to direct water from the circulating pump to the vacuum chamber; and an insulated chamber with a blower to blow cooled air to a building; the cooled air is cooled via the multi-row cooling coil positioned within the insulated chamber. Besides the cooling system, this invention integrates itself very well with the heating system as shown in schematics.

Abstract: An environmental control unit, such as an HVAC or heat pump unit, includes an insert disposed within the device housing that provides noise attenuation features. The insert defines air flow paths within the housing. The insert may be formed of a foam material and may include multiple foam blocks that cooperate to form a serpentine passageway therein. The passageway includes multiple turns. The features further include perforated sheet metal panels disposed in the passageway at strategic locations. The perforations are shaped and dimensioned to correspond to the frequencies to be attenuated.

Abstract: A heat transfer system cycles between a first mode where a heat transfer fluid is directed to a first electrocaloric module and from the first electrocaloric module to a heat exchanger to a second electrocaloric module while one of the first and second electrocaloric modules is energized, and a second mode where the heat transfer fluid is directed to the second electrocaloric module and from the second electrocaloric module to the heat exchanger to the first electrocaloric module, while the other of the first and second electrocaloric modules is energized. The modes are repeatedly cycled in alternating order directing the heat transfer fluid to cause a temperature gradient in each of the first and second electrocaloric modules, and fluid from a flow path between the electrocaloric modules is mixed with circulating fluid from a conditioned space to cool or heat the conditioned space.

Abstract: A data center cooling system includes a server rack frame assembly that includes a plurality of bays defined along a lengthwise dimension of the frame assembly, each bay including a volume defined at least in part by a specified height that is orthogonal to the lengthwise dimension and a specified width that is parallel to the lengthwise dimension and sized to at least partially enclose at least one server rack configured to support a plurality of data center computing devices; and at least one cooling unit sized for a bay of the plurality of bays of the server rack frame assembly and configured to circulate a heated airflow from an open back side of the at least one server rack, cool the heated air, and circulate a cooling airflow through an open front side of the at least one server rack.

Abstract: A downsized air conditioning system including a cooling device that cools air introduced into the air conditioning system to condense moisture contained in the air; a heating device that heats the air; and a humidification device that humidifies the air; wherein: in a plan view of the air conditioning system, at least a part of the humidification device is overlapped with at least a part of the cooling device; the heating device includes first and second heating devices, and in a plan view, at least a part of the first heating device and at least a part of the second heating device are respectively overlapped with at least a part of the cooling device; and when seen along an introduction direction of the air into the air conditioning system, at least a part of the humidification device is overlapped with at least a part of the heating device.

Abstract: An assembly of a refrigeration system of a motor vehicle includes a refrigerant with a first component and a second component, a condenser; and an evaporator. The evaporator is connected downstream fluidically of the condenser by a first line and has an outlet and a separating location which is coupled fluidically by a second line to a storage vessel for the second component of the refrigerant. The outlet is disposed on a first side of the evaporator and the separating location is disposed on a second side of the evaporator. Refrigerant which is not evaporated during operation of the refrigeration system collects in the separating location.

Abstract: An absorption heat pump device includes a heat exchange unit through which a heat exchange fluid flows, a rotor that includes a hollow rotary shaft member including a first internal flow path and discharges a solution in the first internal flow path by a centrifugal force, and an application member that moves with rotation of the rotor to apply the solution, which flows through the first internal flow path and is discharged, along a heat transfer surface of the heat exchange unit.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for optimizing collection, usage, and processing of water on-board a vehicle. Water is harvested from various locations of the vehicle including from engine operation, surface condensation, and via dehumidification. Water is processed differently based on the source of the water as well as the intended use.

Abstract: Provided are an air conditioner capable of indoor cooling and humidity control with a simple structure. The air conditioner comprises: a first air flow channel; a second air flow channel; a dehumidifying rotor which comprises a first region provided on the first air flow channel, a second region provided on the second air flow channel, and an adsorbent which alternately passes through the first region and the second region and adsorbs moisture in the first region or the second region; a cooling unit configured to cool air from which moisture is removed while passing through the first region; and a control unit configured to control the dehumidifying rotor and the cooling unit such that air flowing in the first air flow path is dehumidified and cooled and a temperature or humidity of the indoor area is detected to be adjusted to a set value.

Abstract: In a process and apparatus of conditioning an airstream, the airstream is contacted with a liquid desiccant absorber in each of at least two stages. The same apparatus used as an evaporator to reconcentrate the desiccant. The desiccant for each said stage is cooled or heated externally to the absorber or evaporator using an external source of cooling supplied with a common cooling or heating fluid at each stage. The desiccant flows between the stages counter-current to the flow of the airstream such that at each step the concentration of the desiccant is reduced or increased by contact with the airstream so that the concentration in each stage is distinct from the concentration of the desiccant in the previous stages.

Abstract: A split liquid desiccant air conditioning system is disclosed for treating an air stream flowing into a space in a building. The split liquid desiccant air-conditioning system is switchable between operating in a warm weather operation mode wherein the system provides cooling and dehumidification, and a cold weather operation mode wherein the system provides heating and humidification, as well as into a mode wherein the system provides heated, dehumidified air to a space.

Abstract: A split liquid desiccant air conditioning system is disclosed for treating an air stream flowing into a space in a building. The split liquid desiccant air-conditioning system is switchable between operating in a warm weather operation mode and a cold weather operation mode.

Abstract: An air-conditioning system includes a plurality of liquid desiccant in-ceiling units, each installed in a building for treating air in a space in the building. Dedicated outside air systems (DOAS) for providing a stream of treated outside air to the building are also disclosed.

Abstract: An atmospheric water generation system comprises water vapor consolidation systems configured to increase the relative humidity of a controlled air stream prior to condensing water from the controlled air stream. The water vapor consolidation system comprises a fluid-desiccant flow system configured to decrease the temperature of the desiccant to encourage water vapor to be absorbed by the desiccant from an atmospheric air flow. The desiccant flow is then heated to encourage water vapor evaporation from the desiccant flow into a controlled air stream that circulates within the system. The humidity of the controlled air stream is thereby increased above the relative humidity of the atmospheric air to facilitate condensation of the water vapor into usable liquid water.

Abstract: A method includes receiving moisturized air from a refrigerated room and absorbing, in a portion of a desiccant wheel, moisture from the moisturized air, wherein absorbing moisture from the moisturized air produces dehumidified air. The method further includes discharging the dehumidified air to the refrigerated room.

Abstract: Provided is a dehumidifier including: a dehumidification module including a compressor unit for compressing a refrigerant, a cooling unit for cooling air through the refrigerant, and a drying unit for drying air that passes through the cooling unit; and a thermoelectric module including a first substrate, a second substrate disposed to face the first substrate, a thermoelectric element disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, a first heat conversion unit connected to the first substrate and disposed adjacent to the drying unit of the dehumidification module, and a second heat conversion unit connected to the second substrate and disposed adjacent to the cooling unit of the dehumidification module.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a dehumidifying and cooling apparatus, comprising: a housing in which a first channel and a second channel are formed; a heating unit disposed inside the first channel; a desiccant rotor which is rotatably provided inside the housing; a cooling unit disposed inside the second channel; and a refrigerant circulation unit having a refrigerant circulation circuit including a compressor and a condenser, wherein the condenser is disposed inside the second channel such that the refrigerant circulated therein, can be condensed by the heat exchange with the second air cooled by the cooling unit.