Abstract: An eversion liner for lining a pipe includes an impermeable outer portion, inner and outer strength portions inside the impermeable outer portion, and a middle portion including at least one felt layer radially between the inner and outer strength portions. At least one of the inner and outer strength portions is formed from a unitary sheet of strength material that includes parallel chopped strands of fiber. The longitudinal edge margins of the sheet of strength material are positioned in overlapping engagement and joined together by joining structure. The parallel chopped fibers can be oriented transverse to the length of the liner. The joining structure can prevent reduction in a width of the overlapped edge margins as the liner expands during eversion.

Abstract: A mechanism, giving less environmental load, for treating animal fibers of a continuous web form so as not to spoil inherent properties of the animal fibers such as hand-feeling and water repellency, so as to improve resistance to felting (shrinkage) and pilling. The mechanism includes: a tank filled with a treatment liquid; a net-conveyor having upper and lower mesh belts put one upon the other to sandwich the continuous web form therebetween for conveying the web form through the liquid of the tank; a treating-liquid circulation system including a gas-liquid mixing pump connected to a suction-port in the tank and pumping out the liquid, a static mixer connected downstream of the pump, and a discharge nozzle placed at a position in the tank facing the suction-port with the mesh belts therebetween, the discharge nozzle being connected downstream of the mixer; and an ozonizer for supplying ozone gas into the system.

Abstract: A rotary hoop knife splitting machine, particularly for splitting skin free from hair, includes a knife with a cutting edge, a feeding device arranged in front of the cutting edge, wherein the feeding device includes a transport gap defined by a base and a driven transport roll, and a feeding gap defined by another base and a driven feeding roll. The transport gap and the feeding gap are arranged closely one behind the other. The transport roll has a diameter which increases from the middle toward the ends. The transport roll is composed of two parts connected to each other in an articulated manner so as to rotate together. The two parts are mounted such that a surface line of the transport roll at the transport gap is a straight line extending parallel to the base.

Abstract: A mechanism, giving less environmental load, for treating animal fibers of a continuous web form so as not to spoil inherent properties of the animal fibers such as hand-feeling and water repellency, so as to improve resistance to felting (shrinkage) and pilling. The mechanism includes: a tank filled with a treatment liquid; a net-conveyor having upper and lower mesh belts put one upon the other to sandwich the continuous web form therebetween for conveying the web form through the liquid of the tank; a treating-liquid circulation system including a gas-liquid mixing pump connected to a suction-port in the tank and pumping out the liquid, a static mixer connected downstream of the pump, and a discharge nozzle placed at a position in the tank facing the suction-port with the mesh belts therebetween, the discharge nozzle being connected downstream of the mixer; and an ozonizer for supplying ozone gas into the system.

Abstract: A ring roller, used in the hide splitting process as a hide transport device, is described that is continuously self cleaning and which provides a constant gap between outer rings of a ring roller. The ring roller is capable of directing pressurized water, or other gaseous and/or liquid fluid from the internal to the external surface of the ring roller. The constant supply of pressurized water, or other gaseous and/or liquid fluid from the internal to the external surface of the ring roller prevents the entry of lime solution, flesh, fat, grease, and other materials that result from the hide splitting process, into the ring roller. Therefore, the ring roller constantly and continuously provides optimum, consistent, high quality performance. Maintenance downtime for the ring roller is minimized. The ring roller, properly operated, will perform to expected design and operational parameters.

Abstract: The aim of the invention is to provide an easy to use unit which is able to reproduce cooking states in a precise manner. The unit can also be started with cold water. Several consecutive monitoring operations of cooking states should be possible without long intermediate waiting times. To achieve this, the invention provides a device for signaling at least one cooking state of at least one piece of food, such as an egg, a potato, a pepper, rice or noodles, in a liquid cooking medium (7), comprising at least one partially floating jacket (1), a temperature sensor (6a), an analog digital converter (6b), a digital computer (6) and a signal transmitter (2, 20, 21, 19). In the digital computer, the temperature value &dgr;a(t) of the liquid cooking medium (7) such as water is delayed with at least one thermal time constant T1, T2, T3 (15, 15a, 15b) to form a thermally delayed inner temperature value &dgr;i(t).

Abstract: A method and apparatus for proportionally stretching a skin in multiple directions from the center of the skin. The degree of stretching is proportional to the distance of the periphery of the skin from its center. The skin is clamped at its periphery to multiple perforated pivotable plates which stretch the skin upon contact with a cover member. The cover member hermetically seals the skins whereupon a subatmospheric pressure is applied thereto at a temperature below 75.degree. C.

Abstract: In this tentering device the skin to be tentered is placed on a tentering frame in which a plurality of tentering clamps are displaceably held on radial guides, the skin being grasped by said tentering clamps is stretched by means of transmitted pulling forces.For the dependable detection and holding of the outer edge of the skin to be tentered without slipping or displacement, each tentering clamp (7, 8, 28) is provided with a pressing device (20, 29) which is displaceable with it, particularly in the form of a roller (25, 30), cylinder or rotating brush which, in combination with a backer-up, arranged below the skin, smooths and positions the skin for the closing of the tentering clamps.

Abstract: Two de-fleshing stations are interconnected by a transfer bridge. The first de-fleshing station feeds through its outlet chute, the rear end of the transfer bridge, while the second de-fleshing station feeds through its outlet chute, the rear end of the carry-away conveyor. The transfer bridge is provided with a pair of aligned endless conveyors which are selectively operable so that the hides can be selectively delivered from the first station to the second station, the carry-out conveyor or to an operator for manual handling.

Abstract: Cooperating top and bottom die assemblies for use in a press to fold the edges of a non-rigid workpiece. The top die comprises a horizontal support plate having a radiused folding plate affixed to its underside. A spring biased stripper in association with the support plate is shiftable vertically relative thereto between a retracted position and a normal extended position below the radiused folding plate. The top die assembly support plate has a plurality of upstanding support posts on its upper surface together with means to affix the top die assembly to the upper platen of the press with the free ends of the upstanding support posts in abutment thereagainst. The bottom die assembly comprises a horizontal base plate adapted to rest on the bottom platen of the press. The base plate has a first set of downwardly depending hollow posts mounted on its underside to either side of the press bottom platen.

Abstract: An apparatus for folding and sealing the edges of a non-rigid work piece and a method of performing folding and sealing operations therewith. The apparatus comprises a press with a main cylinder, at least one auxiliary cylinder and upper and lower die assemblies for the press. The upper die assembly comprises a folding cavity plate operatively connected to the main cylinder and having a folding cavity with an electrode surrounding a part at least of the cavity. A stripper in association with the upper die assembly is independently shiftable by the at least one auxiliary cylinder between a retracted position above the folding cavity and an extended position therebelow. The bottom die assembly comprises a plate having a female cavity therein of a size and shape equivalent to that of the folded work piece and a male plug receivable within the female cavity with close tolerance.

Abstract: An air blast dust removal machine has a jet of air projected from at least one slot-like nozzle inclined at an obtuse angle towards an oncoming sheet material which is held to a moving permeable conveyor belt. The sheet material is held to the conveyor belt by at least one suction device desposed on the opposite side of the conveyor belt as the sheet material passes adjacent the jet of air. A second conveyor belt holds the sheet material from its top side by a suction device; and an obtusely projected jet of air blasts dust from the bottom side of the sheet material.