Abstract: A method for producing seamless pipes and an extruder are provided, including: S1, sleeving an ingot holding cylinder on an upsetting shaft and feeding an aluminum bar; S2, moving the ingot holding cylinder backwards; S3, squeezing the aluminum bar by an extrusion plug; S4, after upsetting, moving the ingot holding cylinder and the extrusion plug back to one side away from the upsetting shaft; S5, removing the upsetting shaft and installing a mold on the mold shaft; S6, perforating the aluminum bar after upsetting by a perforating needle; S7, extruding the perforated aluminum bar by the extrusion plug. The aluminum bar after upsetting keeps the same central axis as the extruder centerline and the ingot holding cylinder. The seamless pipes extruded from the mold are uniform, thereby improving their concentricity and finished product rate.

Abstract: A node for a solar frame including an elongate portion having a channel extending through it in which a structural element is disposed or a solid elongate portion on to which a structural element is disposed. The node comprises a fin extending radially outward from the elongate portion where at least 5% of the volume of the fin is replaced by at least a single void extending essentially in parallel with the channel or the extrusion direction of the solid elongate portion. An apparatus for transmitting torque in a solar frame having structural elements and a support. A system for solar mirrors. A node for a solar frame. A method for connecting a structural element with a strut having a strut end piece of a solar mirror support frame. A method for producing a node for solar mirror frame.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes a method of manufacturing a vehicle body structure component. The method includes extruding a tube to include at least one reinforced region extending along a length of the tube. The tube has a first thickness in the at least one reinforced region and a second thickness in other regions of the tube. The first thickness is greater than the second thickness. The method further includes cutting a blank from the tube such that the blank includes at least a portion of the at least one reinforced region and forming the blank into a desired shape of the component.

Abstract: A system and method for producing a seamless pipe from a hollow billet with a smaller diameter than the seamless pipe, uses a pressure container configured to house the hollow billet. The hollow billet is surrounded by a fluid. A movable punch arranged to fit inside the hollow billet, wherein a hydraulic pressure is transferred from the fluid to the movable punch and to the hollow billet simultaneously, along at least a partial length of the hollow billet. A die opening is arranged serial to the pressure container, wherein the die opening is configured to house a fixed mandrel, the fixed mandrel having a diameter larger than an inner diameter of the hollow billet, so that a gap is formed between the die opening and the fixed mandrel, and the hydraulic pressure of the fluid is generated by an input force from an input punch to move the hollow billet towards the die opening and force the hollow billet material into the gap between the die opening and the fixed mandrel.

Abstract: Described herein are extrusion processes to produce hollow pellets. Also disclosed are pelletizer devices that can be used to produce the hollow pellets. The processes and devices make use of an extrusion die having a die orifice and an insert that is placed in the die orifice to produce the hollow pellets.

Abstract: A method of controlling a hydraulic system, the hydraulic system including a ram cylinder unit having a cylinder and a ram, and a hydraulic pump and a reservoir used to supply hydraulic fluid to the cylinder, and hydraulically driving the ram using the hydraulic fluid so as to move against a specific load, the method includes determining what a present state is one of an initial state, a proportional steady state, and a later state, controlling the pumping rate, which is obtained by adding the flow rate corresponding to the volume loss due to the compression of the hydraulic fluid thereto, to control the ram in the initial state, and controlling the pumping rate, which is obtained by subtracting the flow rate corresponding to volume recovery of the hydraulic fluid due to the relief of compression of the hydraulic fluid therefrom, to control the ram in the later state.

Abstract: The application comprises a blank for producing a cutting tool with at least one inner bore for conducting fluids, wherein the blank comprises at least a first and a second portion along, its longitudinal axis, wherein the inner bore in the first portion is formed substantially in a straight line and parallel to the longitudinal axis of the blank, and the inner bore in the second portion has a first twist with a first twist angle greater than zero, wherein the blank can be obtained by a continuous pressing operation, in particular a continuous extruding operation. The application also describes an extrusion device for producing a blank, wherein the extrusion device comprises a control element for controlling the twist angle, in particular the first and/or second twist angle.

Abstract: Systems, devices, and methods are described for extruding materials. In certain embodiments, one or more hollow billets are loaded onto an elongate mandrel bar and transported along the mandrel bar to a rotating die. The billets are transported through fluid clamps, which engage the mandrel bar and provide cooling fluid to the mandrel bar tip, and through mandrel grips, which engage the mandrel bar and prevent the mandrel bar from rotating. One or more press-rams advance the billets through a centering insert and into the rotating die. A quench assembly is provided at an extrusion end of the extrusion press to quench the extruded material. A programmable logic controller may be provided to control, at least in part, operations of the extrusion press system.

Abstract: A substrate 41 for a photosensitive drum is formed from an uncut metal tube. In an observation visual field 52 in which an image forming surface 41aa of a surface 41a of the substrate 41 is observed in a visual field having an arbitrary size, a total occupancy area ratio of pits having an area ratio of 1 ?m2 or more with respect to the observation visual field area is 2% or more, and the average area per pit having an area of 1 ?m2 or more is greater than 8 ?m2.

Abstract: An aluminum alloy has a composition consisting of Si: 0.03 to 0.6 mass %, Fe: 0.1 to 0.7 mass %, Cu: 0.05 to 0.20 mass %, Mn: 1.0 to 1.5 mass %, Mg: 0.01 to 0.1 mass %, Zn: 0 to 0.1 mass %, Ti: 0 to 0.1 mass %, and the balance being Al and inevitable impurities.

Abstract: Systems, devices, and methods are described for extruding materials. In certain embodiments, one or more hollow billets are loaded onto an elongate mandrel bar and transported along the mandrel bar to a rotating die. The billets are transported through fluid clamps, which engage the mandrel bar and provide cooling fluid to the mandrel bar tip, and through mandrel grips, which engage the mandrel bar and prevent the mandrel bar from rotating. One or more press-rams advance the billets through a centering insert and into the rotating die. A quench assembly is provided at an extrusion end of the extrusion press to quench the extruded material. A programmable logic controller may be provided to control, at least in part, operations of the extrusion press system.

Abstract: According to the apparatus and method, metals can be molded under a low extrusion pressure, the life of the apparatus is prolonged, the streigth of the metal products is improved, the ignition of the metals is inhibited during processing, the amount of a protective gas used is reduced, and the formation of welding lines is inhibited.

Abstract: In a method of making a tubular body, material is pressed through a die of a forming tool into a first mold cavity disposed in downstream relationship to the die to produce a first end piece. A mandrel is then moved in a direction of the die to thereby displace the mold cavity in the same direction and to extrude a tubular center piece to adjoin the first end piece. The mandrel is then replaced by a mold having a second mold cavity to mold a second end piece to adjoin the center piece.

Abstract: A system and method provide a material with uniform micro-structure. In an embodiment, an equal channel angular extrusion system includes an interior mandrel. The interior mandrel includes an expanding shear material section and a contracting shear material section. In addition, the system includes a material. The material is disposed about a portion of the interior mandrel. Moreover, the system includes a pressure application device. The pressure application device applies pressure to the material to force the material to contact the expanding shear material section to provide an expanded post-shear material section. Pressure from the pressure application device applies pressure to the material to force the expanded post-shear material section to contact the contracting shear material section to provide a contracted shear material section.

Abstract: An aluminum seat of a heat sink is made by placing a fixed amount of aluminum material into a forming slot of a lower die to undergo one-time extrusion by a punch of an upper die. A plurality of indentations are longitudinally disposed on an interior wall of the forming slot of the lower die, and the bottom of the forming slot is a closed end. When the fixed amount of aluminum material is distributed over the forming slot and the indentations during the extrusion, corresponding ribs are formed on an exterior wall of the aluminum seat of the heat sink after the dies are drawn off. Each rib facilitates firm insertion of fin units into the seat. The heat sink with radial fin units is produced from the aluminum seat and the fin units.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a strand-shaped part, wherein a hollow section (16) of metal is extruded, the extruded metal hollow section (16) cools and/or is cooled, and a plastic strand (28) having one or more layers is extruded into the extruded metal hollow section (16) after or during cooling. The plastic strand (28) passes by a dispensing tool (24), exposed to the heat of the extruded metal hollow section (16) of an extruder (34). The dispensing tool is inserted into the metal hollow section (16) and comprises a dispensing outlet (26), which is disposed inside a region of the metal hollow section (16) in which the dispensing tool is cooled in relation to the temperature thereof during extrusion.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing a seamless tube, in which after a starting material to be extruded has been heated to a heating temperature T [° C.] satisfying the relationship of Formula (1) or Formula (2) depending on the outside diameter d0 [mm] thereof, the starting material is hot extruded by providing a solid lubricating glass between the starting material to be extruded and a die, whereby a transverse flaw on the outer surface in the top portion of tube can be prevented when hot extrusion is performed by using a starting material for extrusion having low deformability at high temperatures. When d0<200, T?1250+1.1487×A?7.838×ln(t0/t)?10.135×ln(d0/d) . . . (1); when d0?200, T?1219+1.1487×A?7.838×ln(t0/t)?10.135×ln(d0/d) . . . (2), where A=L/Vav×1000 [msec.].

Abstract: The present invention provides a flexible actuator, and methods for manufacturing and using a flexible actuator, for transmitting high loads from a user to an end effector. In one exemplary embodiment, the flexible actuator can extend from a handle of a medical device to an end effector located on a distal end of the device. The actuator can include a head formed on a terminal end thereof with at least one planar surface that is approximately coplanar with an outer surface of the flexible actuator. In use, the actuator can be coupled to a medical device having an end effector located on a distal end thereof. Tension applied to the actuator can be effective to actuate the end effector.

Abstract: Extrusion tool or die for the extrusion of metallic material, in particular a material of aluminium or alloys thereof, or other non-ferrous metals such as Cu and alloys thereof. The die is a modular type comprising die plate/s (2, 3) with cavitie/s (4, 5) provided with insert/s (6, 7). The area of the die with strong thermo-mechanical solicitation comprising the die plate/s (2, 3), is made of a nickel, iron or cobalt-based super alloy, whereas the die in the area with strong tribological solicitation comprising the insert/s, i.e. the mandrel (6) and/or the bearing (7) of the die, is manufactured of a wear resistant material which may be a high speed tool steel, a precipitation hardened steel or a high alloy hot-worked steel, or any of suitable steel types provided with a coating such as nano particle or CVD.

Abstract: The present invention provides a high-strength aluminum alloy extruded product exhibiting excellent corrosion resistance and secondary workability and suitably used as a structural material for transportation equipment such as automobiles, railroad vehicles, and aircrafts, and a method of manufacturing the same. The aluminum alloy extruded product has a composition containing 0.6 to 1.2% of Si, 0.8 to 1.3% of Mg, and 1.3 to 2.1% of Cu while satisfying the following conditional expressions (1), (2), (3) and (4), 3%?Si %+Mg %+Cu %?4%??(1) Mg %?1.7×Si %??(2) Mg %+Si %?2.7%??(3) Cu %/2?Mg %?(Cu %/2)+0.6%??(4) and further containing 0.04 to 0.35% of Cr, and 0.05% or less of Mn as an impurity, with the balance being aluminum and unavoidable impurities. The cross section of the extruded product has a recrystallized structure with an average grain size of 500 ?m or less.

Abstract: A heat sink has a plurality of radially extending radiating fins, which are arranged annularly on the outer circumferential surface of a cylindrical base to be integral with that surface. The base is formed to have a cylindrical shape having a center axis. The base is formed to be solid-core. The heat sink is ground such that a cooling object contact portion having a generally cylindrical shape projects from the end surface of the heat sink in the axial direction. An annular groove is ground out along the outer circumference of a contact surface of the cooling object contact portion. An attaching member is attached on the outer circumferential surface of the cooling object contact portion, and a pressure application portion is entirely pressed by a pressing machine. The pressure application portion is plastically deformed outward in the diameter direction, so that the attaching member is fixed in between.

Abstract: A starting material to be extruded made of a high alloy comprising, in mass %, Cr: 20 to 30% and Ni: more than 22% and 60% or less is heated to a temperature predetermined according to the contents of Mo and W and is subjected to a hot-extrusion process, the heating temperature T (° C.) satisfying a relationship of Formula (1), (2), or (3), which is expressed in terms of the average cross-sectional area A (mm2) of the starting material to be extruded, the extrusion ratio EL (?), and the extrusion speed V (mm/s). As a result, a high-alloy seamless tube can be produced without generating cracking and/or seam flaws. When 0%?Mo+0.5W<4%: T?1343?0.001322×A?1.059×EL?0.129×V??(1) When 4%?Mo+0.5W<7%: T?1316?0.001322×A?1.059×EL?0.129×V??(2) When 7%?Mo+0.5W: T?1289?0.001322×A?1.059×EL?0.

Abstract: An apparatus for extruding helical teeth in a gear blank includes a press including a die plate and a die base, the die plate being movable along an axis relative to the die base, the die base supporting the gear blank. A mandrel, aligned with the axis and moveable with the die plate along the axis, includes a surface that includes helical die teeth. A servo motor drives the mandrel in rotation about the axis to the required helix angle as the mandrel moves axially relative to the gear blank.

Abstract: A system for extruding teeth in a workpiece includes a first mandrel supported on a first press and including first die teeth that produce partially formed teeth on the workpiece as the first die teeth are extruded into the workpiece by the first press, a second mandrel supported on a second press and including second die teeth that produce fully formed teeth on the workpiece as the second die teeth are extruded into the workpiece by the second die station, and a transfer system for supporting and carrying the workpiece with the lower die assembly from the first press to the second press.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for extruding a micro-channel tube (402) from a non-aluminum metal or alloy such as copper. The micro-channel tube is formed by simultaneously extruding two rectangular shaped billets (404; 406) to form a top portion of the micro-channel tube and a bottom portion of the micro-channel tube in parallel. The top and bottom portions are then joined during the extrusion process (e.g., within a die assembly) to form the micro-channel tube (402).

Abstract: A die 10 has a die case 20 arranged with a pressure receiving surface 22 of a pressure receiving portion 21 facing rearward so as to oppose to an extrusion direction, a male die 30 and a female die 40 mounted in the die case 20. The pressure receiving portion 22 is formed into a rearwardly protruded convex shape. A plurality of metal material introducing portholes 24 are formed in an external periphery of the pressure receiving portion 21. It is configured such that the metal material pressed against the pressure receiving surface 22 is introduced into the die case 20 via the portholes 24 and passes through the extrusion hole 11. B/A is adjusted to 1.8 to 6.0 and D/B is adjusted to 0.15 to 0.4, where “A” is a product circumscribed circle diameter, “B” is a pressure receiving surface external diameter, “C” is a between-hole-wall inlet side minimum thickness size, “n” is the number of the between-hole-walls, and “D” is a between-hole-wall inlet side total thickness size obtained by “C”דn.

Abstract: After a rod-like titanium material 20 is accommodated in a generally linear-shaped groove 13 of a first mold 7, a first guide portion 15 of a second mold 8 is fitted to the groove 13. Thereafter, the first mold 7 is moved along an arrow A direction relative to the second mold 8 fixed to an anchor block, by which the titanium material 20 substantially immovably retained in the groove 13 of the first mold 7 is bent and pushed into a through hole 24 of the second mold 8 by the first guide portion 15, thus being plastically deformed.

Abstract: In some preferred embodiments, an extrusion die for metallic material capable of obtaining a high quality extruded article can be provide while securing sufficient strength and durability. The extrusion die is provided with a die holding case 20 having a dome portion 21 with an external surface functioning as a metallic material pressure receiving surface 22, the metallic material pressure receiving surface 22 being disposed so as to face rearward, a male die 30 held in the die holding case 21, and a female die 40 held in a front portion of the die holding case 20. The metallic material pressure receiving surface 22 is formed into a convex configuration, and a porthole 24 is formed in the dome portion 21. The central axis A2 of the porthole 24 is inclined to the central axis A1 of the die holding case 20. The metallic material pressed against the metallic material pressure receiving surface 22 is introduced into the die holding case 20 through the porthole 24 and passes through the extrusion hole 11.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for adjusting the position of a mandrel (10), which is situated in a hydraulic punch consisting of a cylinder and a ram that form a mandrel cylinder (8), in an extrusion press for producing pipes (2), which are extruded from blocks (4) that are loaded into a receiving device (5) situated upstream of the extrusion press (3) and are punched using the mandrel (10). The invention is characterised in that the mandrel cylinder (8) is driven directly by pumps (11), which are set for a pre-calculated throughput that is dependent on the press speed, and that an additional throughput is added to the pre-calculated pump throughput. To adjust the position of the mandrel (10), a control valve (16) that acts on the ring side (12) of the mandrel (8) is connected to a tank (17).

Abstract: A process of producing an inner profile (18)in a tube or hollow profile (11) includes inserting the tube or hollow profile (11) into a supporting sleeve (12), with a first tube end (19) being axially supported; placing a pressure-loaded annular die 16 on to the other tube end (20); pressing a forming die (15) with an outer profile into the tube or hollow profile (11) from the latter tube end (20) for producing the inner profile (18); allowing a return of the annular die (16) under a pressure load in the opposite direction of that of pressing in the forming die (15).

Abstract: One mode of the present invention relates to a small-sized electronic casing comprising an aluminum alloy extruded shape having a hollow sectional part at least contained in a main part, wherein the extruded shape has at least either component-mounting holes or notches. Another mode of the present invention relates to a small-sized electronic casing manufacturing method that comprises a press punching process of forming at least either component-mounting holes or notches in an aluminum alloy extruded shape of a prescribed length having a hollow sectional part. The present invention may provide an aluminum alloy casing that is excellent in formability and productivity, has a smaller thickness and provides higher dimensional precision.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a self-lubricating bearing, which is a hollow cylindrical body with an axial hole in its center, exhibiting a structure formed by sintering a multiple of spherical alloys particles under microscopy. The self-lubricating bearing has a multiple of pores to receive lubricating oil. Further, the present invention provides a manufacturing process for making self-lubricating bearings.

Abstract: A twin-wall pipe comprises an internal pipe and an external pipe. The external pipe is corrugated, having elevations and troughs. The twin-wall pipe is further provided with a socket. In a transition portion towards the twin-wall pipe and the socket, provision is made for at least one overflow passage which interconnects the clearance between the external pipe and internal pipe in the vicinity of the transition portion and an adjacent elevation. a?b refers to the radial height b of the overflow passage relative to its width a in the circumferential direction.

Abstract: The invention relates to a forging mandrel for hot-forging tubular workpieces of metal, said mandrel comprising a mandrel body and a mandrel bar, in which forging mandrel the mandrel body is composed of a heat-resistant material. The forging mandrel according to the invention is embodied here in such a way that the mandrel body is provided, at least in the work zone, with a layer which reduces the dissipation of heat into the mandrel body during the forging process and adheres firmly to the mandrel body, wherein the layer has a lower thermal conductivity than the material of the mandrel body and has a thickness of at least 50 ?m.

Abstract: A method for producing a formed body including the steps of introducing a fluid material supplied from two or more material supply holes of a rectification plate into a drawing die, homogenizing the flow rate distribution of the fluid material in the drawing die using one or more wires stretched from the material supply holes to near the exit section of the drawing die, and extruding the fluid material from the exit section of the drawing die in which a prescribed forming pattern is formed by two or more wires. The wires form hollow holes through the formed body.

Abstract: A method of producing a tubular member which includes providing at least one micro-extruder configured to extrude at least one material and providing a surface configured to accept the material extruded from the micro-extruder.

Abstract: Modular extrusion die tools for extruding an extrudable material into an extruded article. In at least some embodiments, an extrusion die tool comprises a base, a sizing plate, a mandrel, and a die holder. When the sizing plate and mandrel are removably inserted into the base, and the base is removably inserted into the die holder, a billet of extrudable material may be injected under high pressure into the die tool. As it exits the die tool, the material is extruded into a desired shape. Because of the extreme forces to which the extrusion die tools are repeatedly subjected, some portions of the die tools can wear out relatively rapidly. Other portions, however, wear at a much slower pace. Consequently, certain portions of the die tool may need to be replaced more frequently than other portions. Because the extrusion die tools of the present invention are modular, the highly-worn portions of a die tool may be replaced without replacing the entire tool.

Abstract: A device and a method for axially forming an elongated hollow body is disclosed. The device has at least one receptacle, a reducing die, a punch for pressing the elongated hollow body through the reducing die in the direction of an axis, an expanding mandrel and means for limiting the axial displacement of the punch. The punch and the expanding mandrel are movable on the same axis and the expanding mandrel is arranged inside the punch. The hollow body is reduced to a first diameter in a first portion and expanded to a second diameter in a second portion as a result of a movement of the punch and the expanding mandrel in the same direction.

Abstract: A die 10 has a die case 20 arranged with a pressure receiving surface 22 of a pressure receiving portion 21 facing rearward so as to oppose to an extrusion direction, a male die 30 and a female die 40 mounted in the die case 20. The pressure receiving portion 22 is formed into a rearwardly protruded convex shape. A plurality of metal material introducing portholes 24 are formed in an external periphery of the pressure receiving portion 21. It is configured such that the metal material pressed against the pressure receiving surface 22 is introduced into the die case 20 via the portholes 24 and passes through the extrusion hole 11. B/A is adjusted to 1.8 to 6.0 and D/B is adjusted to 0.15 to 0.4, where “A” is a product circumscribed circle diameter, “B” is a pressure receiving surface external diameter, “C” is a between-hole-wall inlet side minimum thickness size, “n” is the number of the between-hole-walls, and “D” is a between-hole-wall inlet side total thickness size obtained by “C”דn.

Abstract: A die assembly P1 is configured such that an extrusion die 10 is mounted in a die mounting hole 61 formed in a die mounting plate 60 and a metallic material introduced in the die mounting hole 61 is introduced in the extrusion die 10 via a porthole 24 formed in a metallic material pressure receiving surface 22 of the die 10. A material accumulating portion 70 extending to a point on a more extrusion directional downstream side than an inlet position of the porthole 24 is provided outside the porthole 24 in the die mounting hole 61 to accumulate a part 75 of the metallic material introduced into the die mounting hole 61.

Abstract: A system for extruding teeth in a workpiece includes a first mandrel supported on a first press and including first die teeth that produce partially formed teeth on the workpiece as the first die teeth are extruded into the workpiece by the first press, a second mandrel supported on a second press and including second die teeth that produce fully formed teeth on the workpiece as the second die teeth are extruded into the workpiece by the second die station, and a transfer system for supporting and carrying the workpiece with the lower die assembly from the first press to the second press.

Abstract: The present invention provides a high-strength aluminum alloy extruded product exhibiting excellent corrosion resistance and secondary workability and suitably used as a structural material for transportation equipment such as automobiles, railroad vehicles, and aircrafts, and a method of manufacturing the same. The aluminum alloy extruded product has a composition containing 0.6 to 1.2% of Si, 0.8 to 1.3% of Mg, and 1.3 to 2.1% of Cu while satisfying the following conditional expressions (1), (2), (3) and (4), 3%?Si %+Mg %+Cu %?4% ??(1) Mg %?1.7×Si % ??(2) Mg %+Si %?2.7% ??(3) Cu %/2?Mg %?(Cu %/2)+0.6% ??(4) and further containing 0.04 to 0.35% of Cr, and 0.05% or less of Mn as an impurity, with the balance being aluminum and unavoidable impurities. The cross section of the extruded product has a recrystallized structure with an average grain size of 500 ?m or less.

Abstract: In some preferred, embodiments, an extrusion die for a metallic material capable of obtaining a high quality extruded article can be provide while securing sufficient strength and durability. The die is provided with a male die case 20 having a pressure receiving portion 21, a female die case 25, a male die 30 provided in the male die case 20, and a female die 40 provided in the female die case 25. The pressure receiving portion 21 is formed into a convex configuration protruded rearward, and a porthole for introducing a metallic material is formed in the external periphery of the pressure receiving portion. A press-fitting connecting portion 21a is formed at the front side of the male die case 20 and a press-fitting dented portion 25a is formed at the rear side of the female die case 25.

Abstract: A mandrel usable for expanding a medical device is disclosed. The mandrel includes a first tube portion having a first lumen and a first tube diameter. A second tube portion extends from the first tube portion; the second tube portion is configured to receive a medical device. A second tube diameter is smaller than the first tube diameter. A plurality of tube segments are separated by a plurality of slots formed in the mandrel, while a second lumen is in communication with the first lumen. At least a portion of the plurality of tube segments is moveable outwardly to expand the medical device.

Abstract: Monolithic metal bodies (e.g., hard aluminum alloys) comprising a continuous microcavity contained within the body are disclosed. The ratio of the cross-sectional area of the metal body to the cross-sectional area of the microcavity may be not greater than 10. The produced metal bodies may be used in structural applications (e.g., aerospace vehicles) to monitor or test the integrity of the metal body.

Abstract: A press cylinder for an extrusion press having a cylinder beam has a cylinder housing fixed on the beam and a piston shiftable along an axis in opposite forward and rearward directions in the housing and defining with a rear end of the housing a pressurizable cylinder chamber. A rod projecting axially rearwardly through the rear wall of the housing is formed with an axially extending bore. A connection block is fixed on the housing rearward of the piston. An axially extending tube in the bore fixed to the block is surrounded by an axially extending sleeve forming with the tube an annular gap, forming with an inner surface of the bore an annular compartment, and also fixed to the block. This is formed with respective passages opening into the tube and into the annular gap.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a metal alloy product (19) containing at least some amount of ?-phase brass by extrusion, a metal alloy product produced by extrusion of metal alloy containing at least some amount of ?-phase brass, an extrusion die (15) for extrusion of a metal alloy containing copper and zinc, and at least some amount of ?-phase, an extrusion device, and a use of a metal alloy for extrusion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved method of forming a trailer receiver for use in connection with a trailer hitch assembly for towing trailers, campers, boats and the like. The invention relates to an improved method for forming a trailer receiver that utilizes cold forward extrusion and a tooling arrangement to efficiently and cost effectively produce custom trailer receivers.

Abstract: The present invention provides a metal molding method, a metal molding machine and a metal molded body, wherein using a mold in which a molding space having a predetermined shape and a metal body lead-in space which is communicated with the molding space are formed, a metal body which is inserted into the metal body lead-in space is fed into the molding space by applying a predetermined pressure thus forming a molded product having a predetermined shape. Particularly, the metal body is deformed by shearing when the metal body is fed to the molding space from the metal body lead-in space thus turning the metal structure of the metal body into the finer grain structure.

Abstract: Disclosed are metallic wire with high surface quality and low-cost suitable for use as material for grip rings and a producing method and apparatus thereof. Metallic wire 34 deformed in a coil shape is passed through a shape correction unit 14 so as to straighten it. Furthermore, while upper and lower pressing rollers 19, 20, 26, 27 prevent the metallic wire 34 from warping upwardly and downwardly, wedge-shaped grooves are continuously formed on the metallic wire 34 by means of a first cutting roller 21 and a second cutting roller 23.