Abstract: A method for manufacturing a flame-resistant textile material for protective clothing is characterized in that at least one textile layer is subjected to a treatment step wherein at least one fibre component is at least partially detached from the textile layer such that air chambers (5) are formed.

Abstract: A polymeric linear substrate is provided with one or more active agents infused into the linear material to a depth less than the 100 micrometers, optionally where the polymeric linear substrate has a cross sectional dimension that does not exceed 2 centimeters. The polymeric material may include a polyamide, a polyester, polyvinylchloride, or polycarbonate. Also provided are systems for infusing a linear substrate with one or more active agents that includes a dye supply providing a dye; a process tank connected to the dye supply and providing a reservoir of a liquid infusion solution including the dye through the linear substrate infusion system; and a process chamber fluidly connected to the process tank for contacting the liquid infusion solution with a linear substrate effective to infuse the dye into a surface of the linear substrate.

Abstract: Liquids for the pre-treatment of liquid absorbing substrates, in particular textiles or garments, in printing processes are disclosed, said liquids being based on water and/or a low molecular alcohol and including small amounts of an organic acid and/or other reagents to increase dye fixation as well as at least one corrosion inhibiting agent selected from a group containing quaternary ammonium salts, derivates thereof and their corresponding organically substituted amines, hydroxy substituted acetylenic components and derivates thereof, carboxylic, dicarboxylic and polycarboxylic acids, long-chain carboxylic, dicarboxylic and polycarboxylic acids and separated fractions and derivates thereof, sulfur containing heterocyclic compounds and derivates thereof, nitrogen containing heterocyclic compounds and derivates thereof, nitrite and nitrate salts of metal ions, organic nitrites and nitrates, organic nitrogen compounds and reductive nitrogen containing compounds.

Abstract: A composition comprising: (a) a cationic substance; (b) an acid generator; and (c) an alkyl or a hydroxyalkyl substituted starch. Also claimed is a polyamide textile material treated with the composition, a method for ink jet printing onto a polyamide textile material which has been treated with the composition and a polyamide material printed using the method.

Abstract: The chambray fabric of the present invention is comprised of a warp of one type of yarn and a filling of a second type of yarn, one yarn type being comprised of cellulosic fibers and the second yarn type being comprised of synthetic fibers. The yarns are first woven into a greige fabric that is then preferentially dyed to achieve the desired chambray appearance. In a preferred embodiment, the warp yarns are polyester and the filling yarns are cotton, with the polyester being preferentially dyed. The process described herein results in greater production efficiency and ease of manufacture and produces a fabric having superior characteristics in terms of stretch, strength, and tear resistance.

Abstract: A process for printing and dyeing sheetlike fiber materials with anionic dyes comprisesa) first applying to the sheetlike fiber material an aqueous solution containing a fixing alkali and a compound which contains a primary, secondary or tertiary amino group or a quaternary ammonium group, which may each also be part of a heterocycle, by using a printing process, thenb) subjecting the sheetlike fiber material to a fixing treatment to modify the sheetlike fiber material, and finally and optionallyc) dyeing the modified sheetlike fiber material one or more times by a customary exhaust or padding method.

Abstract: A method of treating blue or black denim fabric to change its color, a composition used to create the color change, and the denim fabric produced thereby. The composition is applied to the denim fabric in a washing machine and comprises cellulase enzyme, a detergent, a salt, a buffer and dyestuffs. The fabric is either stonewashed before or during application of the composition. After the composition is applied, the resulting denim fabric is stonewashed in appearance and has a surface displaying two sets of light and dark areas of different shades of the same color.

Abstract: A cloth composed of first and second threads, the first threads being dyeable by a first dye and being much more exposed on a front surface of the cloth than a back surface thereof, the second threads being not dyeable by said first dye and dyeable by a second dye and being much more exposed on the back surface than the front surface.

Abstract: A printed woven blanket is provided which is printed on only one side but has the appearance of having been printed on both sides. A cationic dye is applied to one side of the blanket utilizing a roller which forces the dye into the fabric forming a printed pattern. The printed blanket is dried and then steamed to set the dye. The blanket is napped which further enhances the appearance of the side which is not printed.

Abstract: A predominantly polyester fabric has a multi-colored pattern. The fabric includes at least one non-aromatic, partially crystalline polymethylolefin yarn melting above about 180.degree. as less than 50%, by weight, of the fabric, and polyester yarn. The polymethylpentene yarn and the polyester yarn are fabricated in a predetermined pattern and then piece dyed with disperse dye techniques.

Abstract: Carrier dyeable polyester yarns are space dyed by spraying with water dispersions of disperse dyes without thickeners or carriers followed by a short steaming process and autoclaving to develop the dyes or by a knit-de-knit process of knitting the yarn into socks or tubes which are roller printed with disperse dyestuff, thickener and carrier dissolved in water in various colors followed by steaming, washing, drying and deknitting. The thus produced space dyed yarns are then tufted into area rugs along with undyed yarns of "carrierless" polyester fibers and/or nylon fibers and dyed with a cationic, acid or disperse dye appropriate to the dye receptivity of the undyed yarns while avoiding overdyeing of the space dyed yarns to produce a multicolor piece-dyed area rug.

Abstract: Process for producing smooth dry-cellulose containing fabrics with durable softness and dyeable properties are disclosed. Cellulose containing fabric is treated with a solution of crosslinking agent, acid catalyst and a longchain alkyl bishydroxyethyl quaternary amine salt additive. The resultant fabric is smooth-dry durably softened and can be dyed. Printdyeing is accomplished by selective application of the alkyl quaternary to a fabric padded with a crosslinking agent. This treatment is then followed by curing and dyeing. Differential dyeing is accomplished by first treating separate yarns with different solutions containing crosslinking agent with and without the alkyl quaternary, drying, knitting, curing and then dyeing the knitted fabric.

Abstract: Processes for producing multicolor crossdyed cellulosic fabrics which are fully or partly crosslinked are disclosed. These processes include: (1) crosslinking preselected areas of fabric with a grafted cationic group and leaving other areas untreated; immersing the fabric in an acidic anionic dyebath to dye the cationic areas and then immersing in a different colored, alkaline, unreactive dyestuff dyebath to dye the untreated areas and produce a bicolored fabric, (2) crosslinking fabric areas with a grafter cationic group and then the remaining areas with an anionic group; immersing in an acidic, anionic dyebath to dye the cationic areas and the immersing in a different colored cationic dyebath to dye the anionic areas and produce bicolored fabric, and (3) preselecting and treating areas of fabric to be cationic, anionic and untreated; immersion dyeing as above the cationic, untreated and then the anionic areas of fabric to produce a multicolored fabric.

Abstract: Cellulosic fibers are converted to cellulosate by immersion in an alkali metal hydroxide and then reacted with an aqueous solution of thioarylsulfonium salts to produce modified cellulosic fibers which are substantive to acid, direct, disperse, reactive and sulfur dyes. Cellulosic/synthetic and cellulosic/wool blends can also be treated to produce a fabric blend comprising modified cellulosic components that are substantive to diverse dye classes and synthetic and wool components which are substantive to a single dye class. When using a disperse dyebath of one color the entire fabric blend is dyed one color. When adding an acid, reactive or sulfur dye of a second color to the dyebath, the synthetic or wool component is dyed one color and the cellulosic component is dyed a different color.

Abstract: A continuous process for dyeing a pre-wetted carpet includes the step of applying a viscous water soluble gum layer over the tufted face of the carpet. Drops of first and second dyes less viscous than the gum are applied over the gum-wetted carpet face. A third dye which is substantially less viscous than the gum and the first and second dyes is applied over the entire tufted surface of the carpet.

Abstract: Described herein is a process for the coloration of short pile fabrics, the process enabling the manufacture of various colors of pile fabric from a single intermediate fabric, the intermediate fabric having a precolored, undyeable, transparent face fiber.

Abstract: Pile fabrics prepared from synthetic fibers having a textured or embossed surface resulting from a process which comprises selectively contacting the surface of said fabric with a chemical embossing agent therefor, allowing the embossing action to occur, and thereafter effectively removing the embossing agent from the surface; said embossing serving to reduce the height of the pile in the treated areas and creating said textured appearance.

Abstract: This invention provides an aqueous gel composition which is adapted for application on the surface of articles to achieve a sharply defined multicolor pattern effect.The aqueous gel composition consists of an aqueous gel matrix which has dispersed therein one or more immiscible colorant gel phases.

Abstract: Multicolored substrates, particularly nylon carpeting, are produced by applying combinations of a colorless reserving agent and an acid, direct or basic dye or mixture of dyes and fixing the reserving agent and the dye(s) simultaneously.

Abstract: Novel-textured textile materials and the process of producing same by impregnating a substantially dry textile material with an inert solution of polymers at a relatively high temperature while the textile material is under tensile stress, the polymers being sufficiently inert as to have no substantial adverse effect upon the textile material undergoing impregnation, the polymer solution consisting of:a. At least one phase of a copolymer of dimethyl terephthalate with a tetrol compound. ##STR1## where a, b, c, d, e, f, g, and h are each integers and the total of a, b, c, and d is between 8 and 850 and the total of e, f, g, and h is between 8 and 1,000;b.